Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B27/005—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders with two cylinders
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
  • F04B27/0404—Details, component parts specially adapted for such pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
  • F04B35/06—Mobile combinations
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
  • F04B39/0094—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 crankshaft
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
  • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
  • F04B39/121—Casings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
  • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
  • F04B39/128—Crankcases
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
  • F25B1/02—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of reciprocating-piston type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
  • F25B2345/002—Collecting refrigerant from a cycle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
  • F25B2345/006—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor characterised by charging or discharging valves

Definitions

• the disclosure generally relates to a refrigerant recovery unit. More particularly, the disclosure relates to an improved compressor and method of utilizing the improved compressor in the refrigerant recovery unit.
• Portable refrigerant recovery units or carts are used in connection with the service and maintenance of refrigeration systems, such as a vehicle's air conditioning system.
• the refrigerant recovery unit connects to the air conditioning system of the vehicle to recover refrigerant out of the system, separate out oil and contaminants from the refrigerant in order to recycle the refrigerant, and recharge the system with additional refrigerant.
• the refrigerant recovery unit draws the refrigerant out of the air conditioning system or other such refrigeration system.
• the refrigerant is generally drawn out in vapor phase and is typically compressed by the refrigerant recovery unit and then cooled in order to collect the refrigerant in a storage container.
• this compression uses a significant amount of energy and relatively powerful motors that may be large and heavy may be used in order to compress the refrigerant quickly.
• a heavy motor can negatively impact the portability, ease of use, and/or ease of storage.
• An embodiment of the present invention pertains to a compressor.
• the compressor includes a first piston, a second piston, and a crank.
• the first piston has a first piston head, a first cylinder surface, a first case surface, a first piston chamber, and a first case chamber.
• the first case chamber is defined by a lower surface of the first piston head, a portion of the first cylinder surface disposed below the lower surface of the first piston head, and the first case surface.
• the second piston has a second piston head, a second cylinder surface, a second case surface, a second piston chamber, and a second case chamber.
• the second case chamber is defined by a lower surface of the second piston head, a portion of the second cylinder surface disposed below the lower surface of the second piston head, and the second case surface.
• the first case chamber and the second case chamber are fluidly isolated from one another.
• the crank is to reciprocate the first piston head and the second piston head up and down.
• the refrigerant recovery unit includes a service coupler and a compressor.
• the service coupler is configured to convey a refrigerant to a refrigeration system.
• the compressor includes a first piston, a second piston, and a crank.
• the first piston has a first piston head, a first cylinder surface, a first case surface, a first piston chamber, and a first case chamber.
• the first case chamber is defined by a lower surface of the first piston head, a portion of the first cylinder surface disposed below the lower surface of the first piston head, and the first case surface.
• the second piston has a second piston head, a second cylinder surface, a second case surface, a second piston chamber, and a second case chamber.
• the second case chamber is defined by a lower surface of the second piston head, a portion of the second cylinder surface disposed below the lower surface of the second piston head, and the second case surface.
• the first case chamber and the second case chamber are fluidly isolated from one another.
• the crank is to reciprocate the first piston head and the second piston head up and down.
• Yet another embodiment of the present invention pertains to a method of compressing a refrigerant.
• the refrigerant is compressed with a first piston having a first piston head, a first cylinder surface, a first case surface, a first piston chamber, and a first case chamber.
• the first case chamber is defined by a lower surface of the first piston head, a portion of the first cylinder surface disposed below the lower surface of the first piston head, and the first case surface.
• the refrigerant is also compressed with a second piston having a second piston head, a second cylinder surface, a second case surface, a second piston chamber, and a second case chamber.
• the second case chamber is defined by a lower surface of the second piston head, a portion of the second cylinder surface disposed below the lower surface of the second piston head, and the second case surface.
• the first case chamber and the second case chamber are fluidly isolated from one another.
• the first piston head and the second piston head are reciprocated up and down with a crank.
• FIG. 1 is a cutaway view of an isolated piston compressor in accordance with an embodiment.
• FIG. 2 is another cutaway view of the isolated piston compressor in accordance with the embodiment of FIG.1.
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a refrigerant recovery unit in accordance with an embodiment.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating components of the refrigerant recovery unit shown in FIG. 1.
• FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of components of the refrigerant recovery unit shown in FIG. 1.
• an isolated piston compressor that exhibits improved efficiency as compared to conventional compressors.
• isolated pistons refers to pistons that have case chambers in fluid isolation from one another.
• case chamber refers to a chamber disposed below the piston head.
• isolated piston compressor is particularly suitable for use with a refrigerant recovery unit to service a refrigeration system.
• the term, "servicing” refers to any suitable procedure performed on a refrigeration or air conditioning system such as, for example, recovering refrigerant, recharging refrigerant into the refrigeration system, testing refrigerant, leak testing the refrigeration system, recovering the lubricant, replacing the lubricant, and the like.
• An embodiment of the isolated piston compressor disclosed herein may be used to improve compressor performance by improving efficiency, reducing startup load, distributing load throughout the compression cycle, and the like.
• the efficiencies gained by the improved isolated piston compressor performance may be utilized to decrease the power requirements of a motor used to drive the isolated piston compressor while maintaining compressor performance of a more powerful motor, increase compressor performance relative to motors of the same power output, or a combination of both. This improved compressor performance is particularly beneficial to portable refrigerant recovery units that are carried from place to place.
• an isolated piston compressor 10 includes a pair of pistons 12 and 14, having respective piston chambers 16 and 18 and respective case chambers 20 and 22.
• the piston chamber 16 is defined by an upper face of a piston head 24, side walls of a cylinder 26, and a cylinder head 28.
• the piston chamber 18 is defined by an upper face of a piston head 30, side walls of a cylinder 32, and a cylinder head 34.
• the case chamber 20 is defined by a lower face of the piston head 24 and side walls of a case 36.
• the case chamber 22 is defined by a lower face of the piston 30 and side walls of a case 38.
• the case chambers 20 and 22 are disposed within a crank case 40.
• the isolated piston compressor 10 includes a crank 42 that is rotated by a motor (shown in FIG. 4). Rotation of the crank 42 urges the piston heads 24 and 30 to reciprocate respectively within the piston chambers 16 and 18 respectively via a pair of piston rods 44 and 46.
• the various embodiments need not be confined to two pistons, but rather, may include any suitable number of pistons.
• the isolated piston compressor 10 may include 3, 4, 5, 6, or more pistons. In an embodiment, each of these multiple pistons are isolated as shown and described herein.
• the decrease of volume in the downstroke position causes the pressure within the case chamber 22 to increase.
• piston cycle generally utilizes more power from the motor turning the crank 42 than the downstroke portion of the piston cycle (e.g., piston 14 in FIG. 1).
• piston 14 in FIG. 1 the piston cycle
• having two (or more) pistons facilitates balancing power output from the motor because as piston 12 is in the upstroke portion of the piston cycle, piston 14 is in the downstroke portion of the piston cycle due to the configuration of the crank 42.
• the case chambers 20 and 22 receive gas via leakage between the respective piston head 24 and 30 and the respective cylinder 26 and 32. While the leakage is relatively small, over time, the case chambers 20 and 22 come to a dynamic equilibrium with the respective piston chambers 16 and 18. That is, leakage proceeds from the piston chamber 16 to the case chamber 20 during the upstroke of the piston 12 and leakage proceeds from the case chamber 20 to the piston chamber 16 during the downstroke of the piston 12.
• dynamic equilibrium refers to the state at which the leakage back and forth past the piston head 24 is approximately equal. A similar dynamic equilibrium occurs between the case chamber 22 and the piston chamber 18.
• each of the case chambers 20 and 22 are isolated from one another, each of the case chambers 20 and 22 are free to maintain an individual pressure. That is, the pressure in the case chamber 20 need not be the same as the pressure in the case chamber 22. This is a particular advantage if the flow of compressed fluid is conveyed in series from piston 12 to piston 14. In such an instance, the pressure achieved in the piston chamber 18 is relatively greater than the pressure in the piston chamber 16. As such, a higher case chamber pressure in the case chamber 22 (relative to the case chamber 20) facilitates greater efficiency. Due to the isolated piston configuration, each of the case chambers 20 and 22 can independently achieve a beneficial case chamber pressure.
• FIG. 2 is another cutaway view of the isolated piston compressor 10 in accordance with the embodiment of FIG.1.
• FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1 , and thus, for the sake of brevity, those elements described in FIG. 1 will not be described again with reference to FIG. 2.
• the volume of the piston chamber 16 increases as the piston head 24 is moved to the downstroke position and the volume of the case chamber 20 decreases a corresponding amount.
• the pressure in the case chamber 20 increases and urges the piston head 24 back up. This urging of the piston head 24 augments power from the motor (shown in FIG. 4) which decreases the power requirements of the motor.
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary portable refrigerant recovery unit 100 that is suitable for use with the isolated piston compressor 10.
• the isolated piston compressor 10 need not be used with the portable refrigerant recovery unit 100, but rather, may be used with any suitable device. Examples of suitable devices generally include any machine for compressing a compressible fluid such as refrigerant, air, and the like.
• the refrigerant recovery unit 100 includes an enclosure 112 that may be made from molded plastic and the like.
• the enclosure 1 12 can be designed to enclose the major components of the refrigerant recovery unit 100 as discussed herein.
• the portable refrigerant recovery unit 100 can also include a handle 1 14 for a user to move the refrigerant recovery unit 100 from one place to another.
• the handle 1 14 can be made from the same material as the enclosure 112 or from an elastomeric material for more comfort to the user.
• Feet 1 16 can be positioned on a bottom portion of the enclosure 1 12 in order to keep the refrigerant recovery unit 100 from touching the ground.
• a power connection 118 can be used to provide power to the refrigerant recovery unit 100 when plugged into a power source (not shown).
• a circuit breaker 120 can be provided to protect the refrigerant recovery unit 100 from any surge in the power source. In one embodiment, the circuit breaker 120 and power connection 1 18 can be provided on a front portion of the refrigerant recovery unit 100.
• the front portion of the refrigerant recovery unit 100 also includes an inlet fitting 122 and an outlet fitting 124.
• the inlet fitting 122 can be used to receive refrigerant from a refrigerant containing system (not shown), such as an air conditioning system, and the outlet fitting 124 can be used to send the recovered refrigerant to the refrigerant containing system (not shown).
• the inlet fitting 122 can include a replaceable filter (not shown) to remove any contaminants that may be in the recovered refrigerant of the refrigerant containing system (not shown).
• a control knob 126 can be used to control the functionality of the inlet fitting 122 and a control knob 128 can control the functionality of the outlet fitting 124.
• a self purge knob 130 can be provided to purge contaminants or remaining refrigerant from the refrigerant containing system.
• High side and low side pressure gauges 132 and 134 can be provided on a top surface to show the respective pressures.
• a power button 136 can also provided on the top surface to turn on and off the refrigerant recovery unit 100.
• FIG. 5 differs from FIG. 4 in that a flow path 214 is divided into two to provide a more even distribution for pistons 12 and 14 (shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) in the isolated piston compressor 10 to reciprocate accordingly.
• pistons 12 and 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2
• FIGS. 1 and 2 the isolated piston compressor 10 to reciprocate accordingly.
• a motor 210 can be coupled to the isolated piston compressor 10.
• the inlet fitting 122 can include an inlet valve 212 that may be controlled by the control knob 126 to open or close.
• the refrigerant from the refrigerant containing system (not shown) can enter the inlet valve 212 and flow to the isolated piston compressor 10 as shown in a flow path 214.
• the flow path 214 may split into flow paths 216 and 218 that enter into separate piston chambers (shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the isolated piston compressor 10.
• the motor 210 operates to rotate the crank 42 and cause the pistons 12 and 14 in the isolated piston compressor 10 to force the refrigerant at the respective ends of the isolated piston compressor 10 into one or more flow paths.
• the refrigerant is forced into two flow paths 220 and 222, which combine back into a single flow path 224.
• the refrigerant can be pushed into a single flow path 224 and then proceed through a valve 227.
• Valve 227 can relate, for example, to a purge function of the refrigerant recovery unit 100. From valve 227, the refrigerant can travel via flow path 228 into a condenser 232.
• a fan 230 can help keep the condenser 232 cool while it is operating.
• Condensed refrigerant may be conveyed along a flow path 236, past a check valve 238, and out an outlet 242.
• the outlet 242 may be connected to a refrigerant storage tank or the like.
• a load controller 300 system and associated methods can be implemented by the refrigerant recovery unit 100 to relieve the higher pressure loads the compressor's motor 210 is subjected to during start up and/or during abnormal refrigerant flow.
• the load controller 300 system comprises a solenoid 305 configured to control refrigerant flow through a compressor bypass loop line 310 with a first end 301 connected to the flow path 214 going into an inlet of the isolated piston compressor 10 and a second end 302 connected to the flow path 224 connected to the outlet of the isolated piston compressor 10.
• the compressor bypass loop line 310 may be a flexible hose or any other suitable conduit providing a liquid connection therebetween.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Compressor (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=51527749

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

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Family Cites Families (13)

• 2013
  • 2013-03-15 US US13/837,591 patent/US20140271248A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2014
  • 2014-03-14 WO PCT/US2014/027903 patent/WO2014143789A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-03-14 EP EP14762385.4A patent/EP2972012A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-03-14 CN CN201480024027.2A patent/CN105164477A/zh active Pending

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