EP2979784A1 - Ébauche de pièce et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce présentant un processus de modification de volume - Google Patents

Ébauche de pièce et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce présentant un processus de modification de volume Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2979784A1
EP2979784A1 EP14002707.9A EP14002707A EP2979784A1 EP 2979784 A1 EP2979784 A1 EP 2979784A1 EP 14002707 A EP14002707 A EP 14002707A EP 2979784 A1 EP2979784 A1 EP 2979784A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
useful part
workpiece blank
workpiece
volume change
geometry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14002707.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerd Axel Walther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP14002707.9A priority Critical patent/EP2979784A1/fr
Publication of EP2979784A1 publication Critical patent/EP2979784A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/12—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for removing parts of the articles by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a workpiece blank for further processing in a volume change process and to a method for producing a workpiece with a volume change process.
  • volume change process depending on the selected method, in particular by swelling, an increase in volume, by default at least substantially the same volume Change in shape or by shrinkage, a reduction in volume of the workpiece blank occurs.
  • the useful part or parts machined out of the workpiece blank which are produced before the volume change process as usable blank blanks by means of the shape-changing, in particular machining, manufacturing process, must have an undersize or oversize which takes into account the subsequently occurring change in volume and at the same time so chooses is that after performing the volume change process only a minor surface processing of the resulting useful parts is necessary.
  • a workpiece blank which is provided for further processing in a volume change process and which comprises a base body having an outer clamping portion for receiving in a clamping device of a processing machine and an integrally formed with the clamping portion, inner Nutzteilabites to Forming at least one useful part in a shape-changing, in particular cutting, manufacturing process by means of a processing machine, wherein formed at the clamping section, in particular on an outer surface of the Einspannabiteses, at least one reference to the at least one Nutzteil related and in the same shape-changing, in particular machining production method as the Nutzteil reference geometry is, which is designed for a correct position orientation of the at least one useful part after performing a volume change process.
  • the machining process is a shape-changing machining, in particular a machining removal process or a removal process, for example by means of laser or electron beam evaporation, or an application process, for example by means of a laser melting process.
  • the production of the reference geometry takes place in the same clamping in the clamping device of the processing machine, which is also used for processing the Nutzteils. It is particularly advantageous if the reference geometry is generated in direct temporal sequence before or after the production of the useful part in order to exclude influences such as temperature fluctuations on the processing machine as much as possible.
  • a spatial position of the useful part relative to the reference geometry is determined exclusively by the accuracy of the processing machine used.
  • the reference geometry for example, of is formed in front of the main body and initially a measurement of the reference geometry is made in the clamping in the clamping device of the processing machine.
  • the inaccuracies of the measuring method add up with the inaccuracies of the processing machine.
  • An arrangement of the reference geometry which may be, for example, one or more recesses on the clamping section of the base body, is selected as a function of the properties of the workpiece blank.
  • the workpiece blank has a volume change which is uniform in all spatial directions, in particular a uniform shrinkage (isotropic shrinkage) during the volume change process, a point-symmetrical or mirror-symmetrical arrangement of individual recesses of the reference geometry can be provided.
  • recesses of the reference geometry can preferably be arranged in those spatial directions in which the smallest possible volume change occurs during the volume change process.
  • the reference geometry serves to receive the workpiece blank in a further clamping device, which has engagement means for engagement in the reference geometry and for a correct orientation of the at least one useful part provides.
  • the positioning of the at least one useful part relative to the reference geometry can be reproduced in an advantageous manner and with high accuracy, accordingly, only a small under- or oversize for the useful parts is required because the Nutzer are accurately positioned and can be approached precisely with the editing tools.
  • only small leverageneabtragonne in particular by grinding, evaporation by laser, erosion, etc., must be made.
  • the base body has a cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, shape and if the clamping section is annular and surrounds a, in particular at least substantially circular, utility section.
  • a cylindrical configuration of the base body is present when any cross-sectional profile extends along an extrusion straight line.
  • the profile can be adapted to the shape of the useful part, in particular be selected geometrically similar to a cross section of the useful part.
  • the design of the base body with a circular-cylindrical configuration is advantageous if it is assumed that an isotropic change in volume, in particular an isotropic shrinkage, of the workpiece blank during the performance of the volume change process.
  • Prefers has the front of the clamping in the clamping device of the processing machine preferably flat, aligned transversely to a circular central axis of the body end faces.
  • the base body may have a shaped useful part section before being received in the clamping device, which preferably has surfaces aligned parallel to one another and aligned transversely to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical base body.
  • the workpiece blank can be designed as a utility for a plurality of useful parts, and correspondingly provided in the area of the useful section for projecting a plurality of projections projecting from the planar end faces, which are then formed into the useful parts by the machining method. It is also advantageous if the useful portion is formed at least substantially circular, since even under the condition of an isotropic change in volume of the workpiece blank during the volume change process distortion of the formed during the pressing process projections and the useful parts formed therefrom can be at least almost completely avoided.
  • the reference geometry formed on the clamping section is designed as an arrangement of several, in particular exactly three, depressions.
  • these are Recesses with respect to a central axis of the cylindrical base body circularly arranged in the same angular pitch and at the same radial distance from the central axis, so that in the finishing of the useful parts or after the implementation of the volume change process a precise clamping of the resulting from the workpiece blank by the volume change process workpiece can be achieved can.
  • the recesses are tapered in the form of a wedge in the radial direction, since in this way an advantageous centering of the clamping section can be achieved independently of the change in volume with the aid of, for example, roller-shaped gripping means which engage in the recesses. It is particularly advantageous if the depressions are each formed mirror-symmetrically to mirror planes, wherein the mirror planes of the depressions intersect along a common cutting line. Furthermore, it is advantageous if exactly three recesses are used for the clamping of the workpiece blank, since this avoids a static overdetermination during clamping.
  • the object of the invention is achieved according to a second aspect of the invention with a method for producing a workpiece.
  • This method comprises the steps of: producing a workpiece blank, clamping the workpiece blank into a processing machine and shape-changing production of at least one useful part in a useful part section of the workpiece blank and shape-changing production of a reference geometry related to the useful part on a clamping section surrounding the payload section, performing a volume change process for the workpiece blank Production of a workpiece, clamping the Workpiece using the reference geometry and finishing of the at least one useful part. Due to the production of the useful parts and the reference geometry in the same clamping with the same processing machine positional tolerances between the at least one useful part and the reference geometry depend only on the accuracy of the machine, whereby a narrow tolerance range can be met.
  • a processing of the useful part before performing the volume change process includes a milling operation in which a blank geometry of the useful part is generated with an undersize or excess compared to a finished part geometry, wherein the undersize or oversize a volume change of the useful part during taken into account in the volume change process.
  • the change in volume of the useful part can be an isotropic or anisotropic volume change, depending on the material selection for the workpiece blank and depending on the volume change process. Accordingly, knowing the volume change behavior of the workpiece blank during the volume change process and the geometry of the useful parts by simulation and / or empirical consideration, the undersize or excess for the blank geometry of the useful part must be determined. Due to the method according to the invention and the precise alignment thereby achieved between the at least one useful part and the reference geometry, the oversize can be kept low, as a result of which the reworking on the useful part can be kept as low as possible.
  • At least one profile cutter is used for carrying out the milling process, its profiling corresponds to a desired surface of the useful part, taking into account the change in volume.
  • a profile cutter a surface section of the useful part, which has a curved surface, in particular a two-dimensionally curved surface, can be produced by machining, without having to subdivide the surface into a plurality of subsections, which is then produced in the course of several, adjacent milling paths.
  • a profile cutter for the production of surface portions of the useful part can be used, wherein a running off of the surface portion along a single milling path is sufficient.
  • a grinding operation of at least one surface of the useful part is carried out for the finishing of the at least one useful part.
  • a measurement of the orientation and / or the geometry of the at least one useful part and / or the orientation of the reference geometry on a processing machine provided for the purpose of finishing and alignment of the Useful part on the machine according to the determined measurement results is provided.
  • this makes it possible to compare a comparison between the expected change in volume of the workpiece blank after the volume change process has been carried out with an actual volume change of the workpiece blank.
  • the workpiece blank can be determined directly in terms of its position and / or geometry.
  • a manual or automated alignment of the useful part is provided on the processing machine as a function of the determined measurement results in order to carry out the final finishing of the useful part for completion by means of an ablating process, in particular a grinding process.
  • a production of the useful part and related to the Nutzteil reference geometry is made in the same setting for the workpiece blank and in immediate time sequence. This ensures that only the inaccuracy of the processing machine, which is used for the production of the useful part and the reference geometry, flows into the position tolerances between the useful part and reference geometry. Accordingly, a high-precision arrangement of the at least one useful part with respect to the reference geometry can advantageously be achieved.
  • One in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated workpiece blank 1 is used to produce a in the FIG. 4 schematically shown useful part 4, the by a shape-changing, in particular machining, machining, a subsequent volume change process and a shape-changing, in particular machining, post-processing to that in the FIG. 4 dashed shown workpiece 14 is to be formed.
  • the workpiece blank 1 is produced as a powder compact from a metallic powder or a ceramic powder or a plastic powder or a composite powder and has been shape-changing, for example by machining, by using a processing machine not shown in detail, which also includes a clamping device, not shown, for temporarily receiving the workpiece blank 1 , processed.
  • the work piece blank 1 is already shaped during the preceding pressing process in such a way that it comprises a radially outer clamping section 2 and a useful section 3 surrounded by the clamping section 2 in a circular manner.
  • a finished working part 4 is formed, which consists of a not shown projection of the Nutzteilabitess 3 was formed.
  • the clamping section 2 is formed by way of example annular and has a plurality of recesses 9 on a radially outer outer surface 8, which are preferably arranged in the same angular pitch with respect to an axis of symmetry 10 of the workpiece blank 1 and form a reference geometry 11.
  • This reference geometry 11 is produced together with the useful part 4 on the processing machine, not shown, in a, preferably single, machining operation, so that a positional tolerance of the useful part 4 relative to the recesses 9 depends exclusively on a processing accuracy of the processing machine, not shown.
  • the depressions 9 are designed to taper in a wedge shape in the radial direction inwardly, whereby an automatic centering of the clamping section 2 relative to the gripper elements 13 takes place during engagement of roller-shaped gripping elements 13 of a gripping device otherwise not shown.
  • exactly three, in particular arranged in an angular pitch of 120 degrees recesses 9 are used for this gripping operation, while the other three recesses 16 are provided, for example, for engagement of a transport tool, not shown.
  • the workpiece blank 1 by a first gripping device, not shown, which engages in exactly three of the recesses 9, are transported to a second, not shown, gripping device, in which also takes place an engagement in the exactly three recesses 9.
  • a transport tool, not shown engages in the remaining peripheral recesses 16, which thus serve as transport recesses.
  • the useful portion 3 is substantially disc-shaped and merges in one piece directly into the clamping portion 2 in a radially outer region.
  • the Nutzteilabites 3 comprises two parallel to each other and transverse to the axis of symmetry 10 aligned surfaces 12, 15th
  • receiving bores 18 arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another in a radially outer region of the utility section 3, which can likewise be regarded as part of the reference geometry 11, are formed. These receiving bores 18 are generated together with the processing of the useful part 4 and the recesses 9 in the same clamping of the workpiece blank 1 on the processing machine, not shown.
  • the receiving holes 18 are used after the volume change process for receiving the workpiece blank also called workpiece workpiece 1 on a equipped with corresponding dowel pins, also not shown jig to initial alignment of the workpiece blank 1 before a final clamping on the basis of the reference geometry 11 recesses 9 too enable.
  • the useful part 4 is replaced by means of the in FIG. 5 shown profile cutter 19 in the geometry to bring, as in the Figures 3 and 4 is shown.
  • the profile cutter 19 makes it possible to generate the rotationally symmetrical outer geometry of the useful part 4 by a combination of a rotational movement of the profile cutter 19 about its axis of symmetry 20 and a further rotation of the profile cutter 19 on a circular path about the axis of symmetry 10 of the useful part 4, without causing the surface treatment for the useful part 4 as in a so-called Abzeilvon must be divided into several milling tracks.
  • the useful part 4 experiences an isotropic volume change, ie a volume change that is the same in all directions in space, in the present case a volume reduction or shrinkage, as a result of the volume change process.
  • Transverse to the axis of symmetry 10 occurs due to the smaller dimension in this spatial direction a smaller absolute shrinkage amount in the Nutzteil 4.
  • the generated by the profile cutter 19 before the volume change process geometry of the useful part 4, in the FIG. 4 is shown by a solid line, includes the excess that must be included due to the shrinkage process in order to make the smallest possible reworking of the surface of the workpiece 14 shown with the dashed line after performing the volume change process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP14002707.9A 2014-08-02 2014-08-02 Ébauche de pièce et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce présentant un processus de modification de volume Withdrawn EP2979784A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14002707.9A EP2979784A1 (fr) 2014-08-02 2014-08-02 Ébauche de pièce et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce présentant un processus de modification de volume

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14002707.9A EP2979784A1 (fr) 2014-08-02 2014-08-02 Ébauche de pièce et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce présentant un processus de modification de volume

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2979784A1 true EP2979784A1 (fr) 2016-02-03

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EP14002707.9A Withdrawn EP2979784A1 (fr) 2014-08-02 2014-08-02 Ébauche de pièce et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce présentant un processus de modification de volume

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5741303A (en) * 1980-08-26 1982-03-08 Toyota Motor Corp Production of pulley having groove on outer circumference
KR101107596B1 (ko) * 2010-09-27 2012-01-25 한국피아이엠(주) 금속분말사출로 제작된 디젤 가변과급기의 가이드 베인 가공방법
EP2543458A2 (fr) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-09 Karl Storz Imaging Inc. Procédé de fabrication de composant de caméra endoscopique
WO2015090830A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Procédé de fabrication d'un composant gainé
US20150217371A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-06 Seiko Epson Corporation Manufacturing method of compact, manufacturing method of structure, and cutting processed material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5741303A (en) * 1980-08-26 1982-03-08 Toyota Motor Corp Production of pulley having groove on outer circumference
KR101107596B1 (ko) * 2010-09-27 2012-01-25 한국피아이엠(주) 금속분말사출로 제작된 디젤 가변과급기의 가이드 베인 가공방법
EP2543458A2 (fr) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-09 Karl Storz Imaging Inc. Procédé de fabrication de composant de caméra endoscopique
WO2015090830A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Procédé de fabrication d'un composant gainé
US20150217371A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-06 Seiko Epson Corporation Manufacturing method of compact, manufacturing method of structure, and cutting processed material

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