EP2995352A1 - Gewellter feuerhemmender Verschluss - Google Patents

Gewellter feuerhemmender Verschluss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2995352A1
EP2995352A1 EP14184501.6A EP14184501A EP2995352A1 EP 2995352 A1 EP2995352 A1 EP 2995352A1 EP 14184501 A EP14184501 A EP 14184501A EP 2995352 A1 EP2995352 A1 EP 2995352A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shutter
fire
retardant
layer
intumescent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14184501.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2995352B1 (de
Inventor
Tom Engels
Stijn Valcke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RF Technologies NV SA
Original Assignee
RF Technologies NV SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RF Technologies NV SA filed Critical RF Technologies NV SA
Priority to PL14184501T priority Critical patent/PL2995352T3/pl
Priority to EP14184501.6A priority patent/EP2995352B1/de
Publication of EP2995352A1 publication Critical patent/EP2995352A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2995352B1 publication Critical patent/EP2995352B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cost effective and a relatively lightweight fire-retardant shutter for smoke redirection and damping applications in air ducts, buildings and building industry.
  • the invention concerns a fire-retardant shutter comprising at least one layer of a corrugated fire-resistant material and an intumescent material, wherein the intumescent material is positioned at least partially inside the concave surfaces formed by the corrugations of the fire-resistant material.
  • the first one provides a broad category of passive perforated intumescent plugs or grilles in which the intumescent component expands in response to heat or fire, fusing the grille into a solid block which, for a certain time, will hold the fire from spreading.
  • Another category comprises fire-resistant fire and smoke dampers that can close quickly in response to heat.
  • the purely intumescent barriers in general have better insulating properties but are much slower in closing and therefore tend to allow some smoke to pass.
  • the closing dampers are more effective against smoke but, being largely made of metal, they transfer heat much faster which leads to quick elevation of temperatures on the other side of the damper.
  • Hybrid solutions that combine both the fire resistant material with the intumescent exist but are usually composed of multiple layers and hence are bulky, tending to limit air passage through air ducts, shafts, or even small windows or narrow corridors.
  • EP2520338 discloses a curtain comprising two parallel flat layers of the fire-resistant material encasing powdery or doughy intumescent material.
  • the design appears simple, however it suffers from major manufacturing complications to prevent the loose intumescent from falling out from between the two parallel sheets.
  • the sheets are first joined by a plurality of bracing slats perpendicular to the surface of the fire resistant sheets, then the intumescent is packaged in discrete bags that are then, inserted between the shelves formed by the bracing slats.
  • NL2010146 discloses a relatively thick double-walled and hollow-cored segmented rollable curtain with complex multichamber bags encasing intumescent powder. Consequently, the curtain not only appears dimensionally not suitable for smaller openings like air ducts, but also it is complicated to manufacture due to its numerous components.
  • the present invention is defined in the appended independent claims. Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
  • the present invention concerns a fire-retardant shutter or for applications in air ducts, shafts, and architectural openings, the shutter comprising:
  • a shutter of such design can be easily manufactured at relatively low costs and, most importantly, possesses increased stiffness in the direction parallel to the direction in which the corrugations are extending, and at the same time increased bending ability or rollability along the direction perpendicular to the direction of the corrugations.
  • These properties make the shutter of the present invention particularly advantageous for manufacturing of relatively light-weight and small fire-barriers or smoke evacuators that could be discretely mounted e.g. in a form of a curtain or a roller-blind in air ducts, shafts, building corridors and like, and then swiftly extended or unrolled in case of a fire or smoke .
  • corrugations provide natural casing for various forms of intumescent materials that, once the shutter is exposed to heat, undergo phase transition and swell delaying increase in temperature on the other side of the shutter and, further, forming an effective seal against the passage of fire and smoke.
  • the shutter of present invention is sufficiently flexible to roll around at least a portion of a rotating drum.
  • the fire retardant shutter of the invention further comprises at least one additional layer that is coupled to its first layer of the fire resistant material, such as to form a closed space encasing the intumescent material, and thus keep it in place. This is necessary for intumescent materials that are provided as a suspension of loose particles or a paste, which otherwise would not remain in the furrows of the corrugated shutter.
  • the additional, or second, layer can be attached to the first layer by welding or means of an adhesive or glue, or can advantageously be coupled to the first layer by means of coupling bridges, such as rivets or a scored portion formed in one of the layers and attached to the second one.
  • the coupling bridges allow the distance between the first layer and the additional layer to be increased upon expansion of the intumescent material encased between them.
  • bridges include but are not limited to strips of easily bendable metal, springs, etc.
  • the strips of easily bendable material can be formed as a score portion formed in one of the layers, preferably being the additional layer.
  • the score portion may for example comprise 3 edges formed by score lines, two of which are parallel to one another and perpendicular to the third one being the edge adjacent to the part of the score portion that is fixedly attached to the corrugated layer of the shutter via e.g.
  • the score portion bends along its two parallel edges forming a bend line that is perpendicular to these edges and parallel to the edge attached to the corrugated layer.
  • the additional layer of the shutter preferably has a certain degree of flexibility sufficient not to hinder rolling of the shutter, and, in the particular case of the previously described embodiment, also not to interfere with the bending of the score portion. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the additional layer is made of a flexible material or a film.
  • the additional layer is also made of a fire-resistant material, which potentially is advantageous in for shutters positioned between two rooms that are under similar risk of fire.
  • Preferred fire-resistant materials for the application in the shutter according to the invention are the ones that do not degrade at 300°C for at least 30 minutes.
  • suitable material groups include inox (stainless steel), aluminium, fabric of aramid, calcium silicate, or various mixes thereof.
  • the fire-resistant material of the first corrugated layer is selected from a group comprising inox, aluminium, fabric of aramid, calcium silicate, or a mix thereof.
  • the fire-resistant material of the additional layer is also selected from a group comprising inox, aluminum, fabric of aramid, calcium silicate, or a mix thereof.
  • an intumescent is a substance which swells as a result of heat exposure, thus increasing in volume and decreasing in density. Most known materials expand in response to heat but the intumescents do so via a chemical reaction, usually elimination of a water molecule. The remaining substance is called char and becomes expanded (“foams”) as the eliminated water undergoes a phase transition, which additionally also decreases temperature of the material, and leaves the material as vapour.
  • the fire retardant shutter of present invention can comprise any intumescent material selected from a group comprising soft char materials or hard char materials, or mixes thereof, and preferably comprises hard char material comprising graphite, sodium silicate or other sodium salt, or vermiculite.
  • Commercial examples of currently sold intumescent mixes, suitable for use with present invention include Rf-Expand EX607 and Rf-Expand EX147, as commercialised by RF Technologies, or e.g.
  • the intumescent material is a material reaching a volumetric expansion ratio of at least 2, preferably 4, or most preferably 8 or higher under standard fire conditions.
  • the shutter of the present invention can further advantageously be coupled to an elongated mandrel in such way the alternate furrows ridges are parallel to the elongated surface of the mandrel as to allow retracting or extending of the shutter by winding or unwinding around said mandrel, thus forming a roller blind.
  • the roller blind may further comprise means for mounting it in a special housing or directly in an air duct or an architectural opening.
  • the present invention also provides a fire-retardant shutter assembly for closing an area defined by a first direction, X1, and a second direction, X2, said assembly comprising:
  • the means of extending said shutter shall comprise any of the different arrangements, manual or automated alike, known in the art that are capable of setting the shutter into motion as to close or open the defined area in response to a trigger.
  • the trigger can be any an internal or external signal relayed from an initiating device either integrated in the assembly, or nearby, or more distant.
  • initiating devices include e.g. pull stations, break-glass stations, heat detectors, fusible links, smoke detectors, flame detectors, water-flow detectors, cameras etc.
  • the housing of the fire-retardant shutter assembly shall further comprise a guiding system, such as guide rails or guiding cables, for guiding at least one lateral edge of the shutter, preferably both lateral edges of the shutter.
  • a guiding system such as guide rails or guiding cables
  • any of the housing, or the guiding system, or the shutter can comprise at least one sealing strip for better sealing of the extended shutter against the housing.
  • the shutter is coupled to a mandrel and the means for extending said shutter is rotational motion of said mandrel in the housing, thus forming a roller blind assembly.
  • the mandrel can be positioned in the lowest profile of the housing and the shutter extends upwards on a guiding system.
  • the present invention provides a corrugated fire-retardant shutter for closing an area defined by a first direction, X1, and a second direction, X2.
  • a corrugated fire-retardant shutter for closing an area defined by a first direction, X1, and a second direction, X2.
  • it can be defined as having a leading edge and two side lateral edges separated by and perpendicular to the leading edge.
  • the leading edge extends along the second direction, X2, and moves parallel to the first direction, X1, in one direction to close the area and in the opposite direction to open said area.
  • the fire-retardant shutter of the present invention comprises
  • fire-retardant should be understood as intended for delaying the spread of flame, smoke, and/or fumes.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates three examples of the material (I) forming the fire-retardant shutter of the invention, showing different possible corrugation patterns in the fire-resistant material (1).
  • Furrow (1a) and ridge (1b) sections are indicated.
  • the presented shapes only serve illustrative purposes as many other corrugation types can be envisaged and obtained by methods known in the art, such as roll-forming, cold-rolling, various pressing or extrusion techniques, or processing in special corrugation machines, or other ways of sheet profiling or potentially even welding.
  • the unidirectional parallel corrugations of the shutter of the invention serve two major roles. Firstly, they confer the desirable physical properties as increased rigidity in the dimension perpendicular to the direction of the corrugations (or parallel to the direction in which the furrows and ridges that form the corrugations extend), X2, and higher bendability in the direction parallel to the corrugations (or perpendicular to the direction in which the furrows and ridges extend), X1, which together counteract bending of the shutter in any direction different than along the corrugations. And secondly, the concave surfaces inside the furrows provide natural support for accommodating the intumescent material (2).
  • the term the term "intumescent material” is to be understood as a material swelling or expanding under conditions of exposure to fire or heat, typically by the expulsion of water vapour.
  • the intumescent material is capable of reaching a volumetric expansion ratio at least 2, preferably 4, or most preferably 8 or higher, wherein said ratio is defined as the ratio of the final volume of the material expanded under standard fire conditions, as given in ISO 834 (1975), to its initial volume under standard conditions for temperature and pressure (STP).
  • STP temperature and pressure
  • intumescent material expands The degree to which the intumescent material expands is important during a fire event, as the expanding char will have to fill the space it is designed to occupy and must do so at a rapid rate.
  • intumescent materials suitable to be used in the shutter of the present invention. Most types are graphite-based or based on various silicas such as sodium-silicate, mica or vermiculite.
  • intumescents examples include various mixes including Rf-Expand, Palusol, Favuseal or Kerafix, some of which can attain expansion ratio of 50 or even higher. Further examples of intumescent compositions can be found in e.g. patent documents US5476891 , US4273879 , or WO201 060421 .
  • the intumescent material (2) is positioned at least partially inside the concave surfaces of a plurality of furrows (1 a) on at least one side of the corrugated fire-resistant material (1); but in certain embodiments, it can be positioned at least partially inside the concave surfaces of a plurality of furrows (1a) on both sides of the corrugated fire-resistant material (1) (cf. Figure 6 , middle pane). In a particularly preferred embodiment, the intumescent material (2) is positioned at least partially inside the concave surfaces of a plurality of furrows (1 a) on only one side of the corrugated fire-resistant material (1).
  • the corrugated shutter further comprises an additional layer of material (3) such as to form a closed space encasing the intumescent material (3).
  • the additional layer (3) is preferably flat and preferably coupled to the corrugated or first layer (1) by e.g. an adhesive, welding with or without an adhesive, or by coupling bridges (4) such as rivets, nails, or screws.
  • FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of the shutter according to the invention, wherein two (or more) corrugated fire-resistant sheets (1) overlap (1c).
  • two or more fire-resistant sheets (1) may be coupled to the continuous additional layer (3) without being directly connected to each other.
  • the shutter of the present invention may advantageously be configured to allow increasing of the distance between the first (corrugated) layer (1) and the additional layer (3) upon expansion of the intumescent material (2') encased between them.
  • Such effect can be achieved by means of extendible coupling bridges that either elongate or bend (4') as the additional layer (3) is pushed away from the first fire-resistant corrugated layer (1) by the expanding intumescent (2').
  • extendible coupling bridges include but are not limited to springs or flexible metal slabs, provided as separate components or formed in one of the layers a scored portions.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates two different modes of rolling or bending of the shutter material (I) around a rotating drum or mandrel (II).
  • the shutter of the present invention is provided in a form of a flexible roller blind, wherein the corrugated shutter material (I) is coupled to the elongated profile of a mandrel (II) in a way allowing to retract or extend the shutter material (I) by moving the shutter leading edge along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (II), X2, by means of rotational movement exerted by the mandrel (II).
  • the composite material (I) of the shutter is sufficiently flexible to roll around at least a portion of a rotating mandrel (II).
  • fire resistant materials suitable for either the first corrugated layer (1) or the additional layer include but are not limited to inox, aluminum, woven aramid, calcium silicate, mixes thereof, or various alloys thereof.
  • the corrugated first layer (1) is preferably made of inox.
  • the additional layer (3) is also preferably made of inox.
  • the additional layer (3) can be selected from any flexible material or film, e.g. including woven or non-woven fabrics, hydroentangled materials, a spunbond materials, or a meltblown materials, enameled cloths, meshes, a monofilament fabrics, aluminized glass cloths, perforated films, adhesive layers, a glue webs, or a glue films.
  • any flexible material or film e.g. including woven or non-woven fabrics, hydroentangled materials, a spunbond materials, or a meltblown materials, enameled cloths, meshes, a monofilament fabrics, aluminized glass cloths, perforated films, adhesive layers, a glue webs, or a glue films.
  • a curtain of present invention may comprise a plurality of more additional layers, e.g. it can comprise two opposing layers of the corrugated fire-resistant material (1'), or additional layers directly coupled (3') or non-directly coupled (3") to the corrugated layer of the fire-resistant material (1), as schematically illustrated in Figure 6 .
  • any of the layers, external layers in particular, may comprise additional coating or a top decorative layer facing ambient such as a paint layer or a wallpaper.
  • such layers can be made of any of a fire retarded or fire resistant cellulosic material, melamine, veneer, high pressure laminates etc., and combinations thereof.
  • the present invention further provides a fire-retardant shutter assembly configured to be installed in and close an area defined by a first direction, X1 , and a second direction, X2.
  • the fire-retardant shutter assembly according to the invention comprises:
  • the area in which the housing and thus the fire-retardant shutter assembly can be installed is the area defined by an opening, such as an opening of an air duct, a shaft, or an architectural opening such as an opening in a wall, a window, a door, or a corridor etc.
  • the housing of the assembly according to the invention comprises four profiles, i.e. comprises an additional profile parallel to the shutter-adjacent profile, and connected and perpendicular to the two side profiles, wherein all four profiles define a generally rectangular opening as schematically illustrated in Figure 7 .
  • the housing further comprises a guiding system for guiding at least one lateral edge, preferably both lateral edges, of the shutter during the movement of the leading edge.
  • Non-limiting examples of guiding systems comprise guiding rails or guiding lines, which, when coupled to a motor, can actively contribute to closing of the shutter.
  • the housing profile that is farmost to the shutter-adjacent profile may comprise a locking system for locking and fixing the leading edge of the shutter once it is fully extended.
  • leading edge of the shutter may comprise an extension compatible with said locking system for ensuring more efficient locking.
  • leading edge of the shutter may further comprise a counterweight aiding in gravitational lowering of the shutter and/or closing against the housing.
  • the fire-retardant shutter assembly is a roller-blind assembly wherein the shutter is coupled to a mandrel (II) and is sufficiently flexible to wound and unwound around said mandrel and wherein the means for extending said shutter is the mandrel's rotational motion.
  • a very schematic example of such shutter assembly with a roller blind and housing was presented in Figure 7 .
  • the mandrel (II) is positioned in the lowest profile of the housing and the shutter extends upwards by means of the guiding system.
  • the means for extending the shutter can be any of the known manual or motorized means capable of triggering and maintaining the movement of the shutter leading edge until the assembly of the present invention is fully closed.
  • the assembly may comprise and be activated by an integrated thermal element which melts at temperatures higher than ambient but low enough to indicate the presence of a fire, allowing an assembly of springs to release the shutter.
  • a fire-retardant shutter assembly of the invention may further comprise means for retracting the shutter, which can be advantageous for reusing the assembly in case the shutter was closed due to a false alarm or during a fire drill exercise.
  • the fire-retardant shutter assembly of the invention is configured to stop fire progression through an opening smaller than or equal to 2 m 2 , preferably 1.5 m 2 , for at least 60 to 120 minutes.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP14184501.6A 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Gewellter feuerhemmender Verschluss Active EP2995352B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14184501T PL2995352T3 (pl) 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Ognioodporna żaluzja falista
EP14184501.6A EP2995352B1 (de) 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Gewellter feuerhemmender Verschluss

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14184501.6A EP2995352B1 (de) 2014-09-11 2014-09-11 Gewellter feuerhemmender Verschluss

Publications (2)

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EP2995352A1 true EP2995352A1 (de) 2016-03-16
EP2995352B1 EP2995352B1 (de) 2018-02-21

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107993235A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中国计量大学 一种基于图像处理技术的波纹阻火盘波高测量方法
EP3694680B1 (de) 2017-10-09 2022-10-05 Pandrol Giessform zur zwischengussverschweissung von schienen und methode zur zwischengussverschweissung von schienen
CN116427839A (zh) * 2023-05-12 2023-07-14 安徽骄阳软门有限责任公司 一种内雕花软塑门帘
US20240075325A1 (en) * 2021-01-15 2024-03-07 Seamus DEVLIN Multi-layer flexible fire barrier

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4273879A (en) 1978-03-31 1981-06-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Intumescent fire retardant composites
US5476891A (en) 1993-04-19 1995-12-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Intumescent composition exhibiting improved long-term expansion and compression properties and method of use
WO2002053679A1 (en) 2001-01-04 2002-07-11 Applinnovation B.V. Method for manufacturing a fire resistant material and fire resistant shut-off element manufactured with this material
GB2376706A (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-12-24 Lorient Polyprod Ltd Fire retardant strip
GB2411199A (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-24 Environmental Seals Ltd Fire door
WO2011060421A1 (en) 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 Unifrax I Llc Intumescent fire protection material
EP2520338A1 (de) 2007-06-21 2012-11-07 Stöbich Brandschutz GmbH Feuerhemmender Abschluss
NL2010146A (nl) 2012-01-20 2013-07-23 Hoefnagels Special Systems B V Brandvertragend rolgordijn waarin een onder invloed van warmte expandeerbaar poedermateriaal is aangebracht.
US20130255893A1 (en) 2012-01-10 2013-10-03 Jochen Stöbich Fire and Smoke Protection System

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4273879A (en) 1978-03-31 1981-06-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Intumescent fire retardant composites
US5476891A (en) 1993-04-19 1995-12-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Intumescent composition exhibiting improved long-term expansion and compression properties and method of use
WO2002053679A1 (en) 2001-01-04 2002-07-11 Applinnovation B.V. Method for manufacturing a fire resistant material and fire resistant shut-off element manufactured with this material
GB2376706A (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-12-24 Lorient Polyprod Ltd Fire retardant strip
GB2411199A (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-24 Environmental Seals Ltd Fire door
EP2520338A1 (de) 2007-06-21 2012-11-07 Stöbich Brandschutz GmbH Feuerhemmender Abschluss
WO2011060421A1 (en) 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 Unifrax I Llc Intumescent fire protection material
US20130255893A1 (en) 2012-01-10 2013-10-03 Jochen Stöbich Fire and Smoke Protection System
NL2010146A (nl) 2012-01-20 2013-07-23 Hoefnagels Special Systems B V Brandvertragend rolgordijn waarin een onder invloed van warmte expandeerbaar poedermateriaal is aangebracht.
DE102013100565A1 (de) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Hoefnagels Special Systems B.V. Feuerhemmendes Rollo, in welchem ein unter Wärmeeinfluss expandierbares Pulvermaterial angebracht ist

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3694680B1 (de) 2017-10-09 2022-10-05 Pandrol Giessform zur zwischengussverschweissung von schienen und methode zur zwischengussverschweissung von schienen
CN107993235A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中国计量大学 一种基于图像处理技术的波纹阻火盘波高测量方法
CN107993235B (zh) * 2017-11-27 2020-04-03 中国计量大学 一种基于图像处理技术的波纹阻火盘波高测量方法
US20240075325A1 (en) * 2021-01-15 2024-03-07 Seamus DEVLIN Multi-layer flexible fire barrier
CN116427839A (zh) * 2023-05-12 2023-07-14 安徽骄阳软门有限责任公司 一种内雕花软塑门帘

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2995352B1 (de) 2018-02-21
PL2995352T3 (pl) 2018-06-29

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