Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
  • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
  • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
  • B21D26/047—Mould construction
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
  • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
  • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
  • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
  • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides

Definitions

• a tool for preforming a tube for subsequent hydroforming and methods of making such a tool and producing a component by hydroforming
• the invention relates to a tool for preforming a metallic output tube part for subsequent hydroforming.
• the invention further relates to a method for producing such a tool.
• the invention further relates to a method for producing a tubular component by hydroforming.
• hydroforming is a substantially metallic tube, hereinafter referred to as the output tube part, formed by applying a high internal pressure to a tubular member (hydroformed component).
• a tube is generally understood to mean a longitudinally extending hollow body with a closed tube jacket made of a metallic material.
• the starting tube part is inserted into the cavity (engraving) of a shaping hydroforming tool and, with the aid of a fluid introduced into the interior (for example a water-oil emulsion), is widened essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis, wherein the tube jacket of the outlet tube part bears against the cavity wall pressed and thereby shaped accordingly.
• preforming is first necessary, wherein a preformed starting tube part for the subsequent hydroforming in the hydroforming tool is produced from the starting tube part.
• the preforming has a considerable influence on the subsequent hydroforming and on the quality of the hydroformed component.
• the invention has for its object to provide a tool for preforming a metallic output pipe part, which allows for the subsequent hydroforming optimal distribution of the pipe material.
• the invention is further based on the object of specifying an optimized method for producing a tubular hydroforming component.
• An inventive tool for preforming a metallic output tube part for subsequent hydroforming to produce a tubular hydroformed component has a plurality of relatively movable tool parts, which delimit between them (at least) a cavity for receiving and forming the output tube part.
• the cavity has a contour which is derived both from the shape (or geometry) of the hydroformed component to be produced and adapted to the circumference of the starting tube part to be formed, such that each cavity cross section of this cavity perpendicular to a cavity longitudinal axis defined by the outlet tube part coincides with the in its cross-sectional circumference exactly on the circumference of the output tube part reduced cross-sectional shape of the (relative to the longitudinal axis) positionally identical IHU component cross-section.
• the cross-sectional geometry of a cross-section is essentially composed of the shape or the cross-sectional shape and the circumference or the cross-sectional circumference, resulting in an associated surface or cross-sectional area.
• the cavity of the tool according to the invention has a cavity longitudinal axis predetermined by the outlet tube part, this cavity longitudinal axis being substantially identical to the longitudinal axis of an inserted outlet tube part. According to the invention, at each point or at each location on this longitudinal axis of the cavity, the respective cavity cross-section has a reduced cross-sectional shape of the hydroformed component to be produced with respect to an IHU component cross-section at the same location on the longitudinal axis, but the respective cross-sectional circumference is exactly the same Scope of the output pipe part corresponds.
• the circumference of the output pipe part thus determines at each point the scaling factor for the reduction of the cross-sectional shape of the respective hydroforming component cross-section (in which case the scaling factor is ⁇ 1).
• the cavity of the tool according to the invention thus has a variable offset along its longitudinal axis of the cavity, with the respective offset dimension resulting from the scaling factor.
• Each cross-section of a preformed with this tool output pipe part has in the subsequent hydroforming in an IHU tool along its circumference the same distance or a constant distance from the Kavticians- wall of the hydroforming tool.
• an approximately uniform deformation and ironing of the tube material and thus an excellent use of material is achieved.
• the hydroformed component produced in this way essentially has a uniform wall thickness.
• the preforming of a starting tube part located in the cavity of the tool according to the invention takes place in particular such that at least one of the tool parts is moved relative to at least one of the other tool parts.
• the design features for the cavity according to the invention relate primarily to a final shaping state of the cavity at the end of the forming process, wherein the tool parts in particular have the smallest possible distance from each other.
• the contour of the cavity can be understood as the entirety of the geometric design features of the cavity wall. Since the cross-sectional circumference of each cavity cross section on the cavity longitudinal axis corresponds exactly to the circumference of the outlet tube part, a defined, exact and compression-free deformation or preforming of the outlet tube part takes place at each point. An indefinite shape is avoided.
• a starting tube part preformed with the tool according to the invention has a substantially optimum preform and the associated optimum distribution of the tube material.
• the tool according to the invention is a press-bound tool with a tool lower part and a tool upper part movable relative thereto.
• the tool By raising and lowering the upper part of the tool, the tool can be opened and closed.
• the forming or preforming of a starting tube part located in the cavity takes place when the tool is closed, this assuming the preform predetermined by the contour of the cavity.
• a method according to the invention for producing a tool according to the invention for preforming a metallic starting tube part for subsequent hydroforming essentially comprises the following steps:
• This method may include further steps and / or intermediate steps. It is preferably provided that steps a., B. and c, in particular automated, with a CAD program or the like, ie using a computer device, running.
• An inventive method for producing a tubular-type hydroformed component by hydroforming comprises at least the following steps:
• the individual steps and the devices or tools used for it are coordinated.
• the proposed method may comprise further steps and / or intermediate steps, some of which will be explained in more detail below.
• the starting tube part is pre-bent in a pre-forming step, substantially without changing any cross-section.
• the bending or pre-bending leads to a workpiece longitudinal axis with an odd and preferably complex, but in particular kink-free, spatial course, which corresponds in particular at least approximately to the hydroformed component to be produced (as shown, for example, in EP 0 195 157 B1).
• the pre-bending also serves to allow the pre-bent starting tube part to be inserted into the cavity of the preforming tool in the form of a mold.
• the starting pipe part is preferably formed from an aluminum or a steel material.
• the output tube part can also be formed from other materials (eg brass).
• the output tube part has a circular or oval cross-section or a circular or oval cross-sectional shape (relative to the outer shape).
• the output tube part can also have other cross-sectional shapes (for example a polygonal shape).
• circumferential strains based on plastic material deformation are obtained, which are in particular in a range between 3% and 10%.
• the circumferential strain at the tube ends may be larger and there, for example. Up to 10%, while the smaller circumferential strains in average pipe sections should be at least 3%.
• a heat-treatment-free deformation is possible with circumferential strains in the stated range.
• the deformation with a tool according to the invention allows material-dependent in part higher circumferential expansions or circumferential enlargements in hydroforming, as with the known from the prior art approaches.
• the preformed output pipe part is inserted into the cavity of the hydroforming tool in such a way that it has the same distance to the cavity wall of the hydroforming tool at each point of its longitudinal axis over the respective cross-sectional circumference, ie. H. is surrounded by an equally wide gap, wherein the distance or the gap width can vary depending on the position of the respective cross section on the longitudinal axis.
• the hydroforming tool may have suitable positioning elements.
• the hydroformed component to be produced is, in particular, a motor vehicle component, such as, in particular, a body component (for example an inner reinforcement part) or an axle part (for example a longitudinal beam or cross member).
• a preforming tool according to the invention and a method according to the invention Ren for the production of a tubular hydroformed component are thus preferably used for the production of a motor vehicle component.
• Fig. 1 shows in a side view several stages of a tubular
• FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a preformed according to the prior art and inserted into the cavity of a hydroforming tool output pipe part before the hydroforming.
• Fig. 3 shows a partial section of a tool according to the invention for
• FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a preformed with the inventive tool of FIG. 3 and inserted into the cavity of a hydroforming tool output pipe part before hydroforming.
• FIG. 1 a shows a metallic outlet tube part or outlet tube piece 100.
• the outlet tube part 100 has along its longitudinal axis L a constant circular cross-section (relative to the external shape) with the circumference U 1 and a uniform wall thickness.
• the output tube part 100 is formed, for example, from an aluminum or a steel material.
• the output pipe piece 100 serves as a workpiece, which is subsequently transformed to the shown in Fig. 1 c, hydroformed, tubular IHU component 120.
• the starting pipe section 100 is first preformed, wherein only its cross-sectional shape is changed and adapted to the contour of the cavity of the hydroforming tool, as explained in more detail below.
• Fig. 1 b shows the preformed output pipe section 1 10, which has a cross-sectional circumference U2.
• the respective longitudinal axis is designated both for the output tube part 100 and for the preformed output tube part 1 10 and the hydroformed member 120 with L.
• the hydroformed component 120 is formed along its longitudinal axis L with different cross-sectional geometries, so that the cross sections differ with respect to their cross-sectional shape and / or their cross-sectional circumference.
• the circumferential strains achieved in hydroforming at the axial component ends of the hydroformed component 120 shown in FIG. 1c are approximately 10% and in the central region approximately 3%.
• the hydroformed component 120 may have a complex, spatially multiply curved and / or curved longitudinal course, as shown, for example, in EP 0 195 157 B1.
• the starting tube part 100 is first bent or pre-bent before preforming, as already explained above.
• the following explanations relate analogously to this case.
• FIG. 2 shows by way of example in a schematic sectional view at the point x of the longitudinal axis L (see FIG. 1) a preformed according to the prior art and in the cavity 330 of a multi-part hydroforming die 300 inserted output pipe part 1 10 'before the hydroforming.
• the preformed outlet tube part 1 10 ' has, at least at the point shown, an approximated cross-sectional geometry to the hydroformed component 120 to be produced.
• the cavity 230 of a tool 200 according to the invention for preforming the starting tube part 100 has both an outlet tube part derived from the shape of the hydroformed component 120 to be formed and the circumference U1 of the starting tube part 100 adapted contour on.
• Fig. 3 shows an inventive tool 200 for preforming the output ⁇ pipe part 100 in a sectional view at x (see Fig. 1).
• the built in a press tool 200 includes a tool base 220 and a thereto relatively movable upper tool part 210, which define in the closed state between the cavity 230 for receiving and forming the output tube part 100.
• the cross-sectional geometry of the cavity 230 at the location shown results as previously explained.
• the mobility of the upper tool part 210 is illustrated by the double arrow M.
• the preforming process in a tool 200 according to the invention can be referred to as forming in the die, wherein this preforming can take place in particular without support pressure, but optionally also with support pressure and in particular with low support pressure (so-called pressure-assisted low-pressure preforming).
• this preforming can take place in particular without support pressure, but optionally also with support pressure and in particular with low support pressure (so-called pressure-assisted low-pressure preforming).
• the preformed outlet tube part 110 can be removed and subsequently inserted directly into the I HU tool 300 for hydroforming.
• FIG. 4 shows in a sectional view at the point x the preformed with the inventive tool 200 and inserted into the cavity 330 of a hydroforming die 300 output pipe part 1 10 before the hydroforming.
• the preformed outlet pipe part 1 10 is not applied to the Kavticianswandung 331 of the hydroforming die 300, but has over its entire cross-sectional circumference a constant distance from Kavticianswandung 331, so that between the tube shell of the preformed output tube part 1 10 and the Kavticianswandung 331 a circumferential and in the Substantially equal gap S is located.
• the gap width of the gap S may vary along the longitudinal axis L, depending on the shape of the hydroformed member 120.
• Tool for preforming a tube for subsequent hydroforming and method for producing such a tool and for producing a component by internal high-pressure forming

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2013
  • 2013-06-28 DE DE102013212758.8A patent/DE102013212758A1/de active Pending
• 2014
  • 2014-06-24 WO PCT/EP2014/063275 patent/WO2014206981A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2014-06-24 CN CN201480024391.9A patent/CN105163879B/zh active Active
  • 2014-06-24 EP EP14732214.3A patent/EP3013493B1/fr active Active
• 2015
  • 2015-10-07 US US14/877,381 patent/US9962753B2/en active Active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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