EP3044461A1 - Kolbenverdichter - Google Patents
KolbenverdichterInfo
- Publication number
- EP3044461A1 EP3044461A1 EP14753070.3A EP14753070A EP3044461A1 EP 3044461 A1 EP3044461 A1 EP 3044461A1 EP 14753070 A EP14753070 A EP 14753070A EP 3044461 A1 EP3044461 A1 EP 3044461A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- compression
- compressor according
- piston compressor
- cylindrical component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/01—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being mechanical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor for compressing fluids.
- the present invention relates to such a reciprocating compressor which is driven by means of a screw drive.
- Piston compressors for compressing fluids such as gases are well known. Their effect is based on the fact that in a cylinder, a piston is running while alternately a space, also referred to as a compression chamber is increased and decreased in the cylinder.
- Piston compressors are very versatile, for example for the production of compressed air (for example DE 44 29 097 A1) or cryogenic liquids (for example DE 10 2006 000 835 A1).
- crank drive The drive of the piston of the compressor unit via a crank drive, wherein the piston is connected via a connecting rod with a crank.
- the present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor having a compact, space-saving construction.
- this object is achieved by a reciprocating compressor for compressing fluids with compression space for compression and a compression piston, the piston compressor having a cylindrical component, wherein for driving the reciprocating compressor, a screw drive is provided with a threaded spindle and a threaded nut for implementing a rotational movement in a linear movement, wherein the linearly moving part of the screw drive is connected to the cylindrical member of the reciprocating compressor and this linearly reciprocates in operation of the reciprocating compressor.
- the cylindrical component of the reciprocating compressor can represent the piston or accommodate the at least one compression chamber.
- any fluids such as gases or liquids, such as cryogenic liquids, can be compressed.
- At least one compression space is provided in the cylindrical component, which is open towards one end of the component. Opposite this opening, a piston is arranged. In operation, the cylindrical component is moved toward the piston and the compression space, so to speak, reciprocates around the piston. It can be provided in the cylindrical member two compression spaces, the bottom are arranged at the bottom and are each open to one end of the cylindrical member.
- a respective piston can be arranged opposite the two ends or openings of the cylindrical component.
- piston or pistons themselves are stationary and do not move relative to the cylindrical component.
- the cylindrical component acts as a compression piston.
- one or both ends of the cylindrical component opposite a corresponding compression space can be arranged.
- the compression space is stationary and the compression is effected by the reciprocation of the cylindrical member as a piston. If the cylindrical component acts as a piston, the corresponding ends are closed.
- the cylindrical member itself may be hollow or solid.
- a screw drive is used as the drive for the reciprocating compressor.
- Screw drives consist of a cylindrical threaded spindle with a thread on the outer surface and a threaded nut, which is threaded onto the threaded spindle, and serve to implement a rotational movement in a longitudinal movement.
- either the nut or the spindle is set in a rotational movement, which - mediated by the thread - is converted into a linear movement of the counterpart.
- the rotating part is supported so as to prevent itself from linear movement.
- the linearly movable part of the screw drive is secured against rotation.
- the linearly moving part of the screw drive is connected to a linearly moving construction, according to the invention the cylindrical member of the reciprocating compressor, fixed and leads this in the linear motion.
- the cylindrical member may be connected to the threaded nut of a screw drive, wherein the threaded nut is threaded onto a corresponding threaded spindle.
- a rotating movement of the threaded spindle is converted into a linear movement of the threaded nut along the spindle, wherein the threaded nut carries the cylindrical component connected to it linearly.
- the threaded spindle may be the linearly moving part which is connected to the cylindrical component.
- Screw drives are known per se. Examples of known screw drives, which can also be used according to the invention, are ball screw drives, roller screw drives, planetary roller screw drives and trapezoidal drives.
- the drive of the rotating part of the screw drive can be done via any motor either directly or via gear and belt drives.
- Screw drives allow a high positioning accuracy between the piston and the compression chamber. Due to this high positioning accuracy, the compression volume, that is, the volume to which the fluid is compressed, can be determined and adjusted very precisely.
- the present invention also provides very precise mass-controlled metering of compressed fluid to a consumer, such as a machine.
- Ball screws are preferred according to the invention because of the possible very precise positioning accuracy and the reduced wear due to reduced friction. Ball screws are well known. For example, reference is made to the article “Ballscrews with driven recirculating ball nut” in the journal “Konstrutation, 9 (2010), page 36. Between the threaded spindle and the threaded nut there are a number of balls moving in a spiral groove in the surface of the spindle As a result, a rotational movement of the threaded nut is converted into a linear movement of the threaded spindle and vice versa.
- the cylindrical component itself is the threaded spindle.
- a corresponding thread is applied to the outer surface of the cylindrical component and threaded onto the cylindrical component an associated threaded nut.
- the threaded nut is the rotating part of the screw drive, which is rotated in any way via a drive in rotation. The rotational movement of the threaded nut is transferred into a linear movement of the threaded cylindrical member.
- the threaded nut itself is mounted so that it is prevented from linear movement.
- the thread may extend over the entire length of the cylindrical component or only over a part thereof.
- one or both end portions of the cylindrical member may not have threads.
- the nut itself can be driven in any way.
- the drive can be electromotive, hydraulic or mechanical.
- the drive can be arranged around the threaded nut.
- the drive can be a separate component, the outside, z. B. next to the screw, is arranged.
- the drive may be a laterally flanged motor.
- the rotational movement of the nut can be taught in any way, for. B. by means of belt, chain, gear, etc.
- the cylindrical member constituting the screw shaft reciprocates between two turning points that correlate with the discharge volume of the compression space.
- the compression space In the state of the initial volume, the compression space has its largest volume and in the state of the final volume its smallest volume. Accordingly, one reversal point is the starting point and the other reversal point is the end point.
- the piston head In the starting point, the piston head typically protrudes slightly into the compression space and seals it against the environment.
- the initial volume results from the cross-sectional area of the compression space and the distance between the bottom of the compression space and the end face of the piston at the starting point.
- the distance between the bottom of the working space and the end face of the piston at the starting point is also referred to as effective axial cylinder height.
- the working volume of the piston compressor according to the invention can thus be varied in a simple manner by changing the position of the bottom and thus the distance between the bottom and end face of the piston, and / or by changing the diameter of the compression chamber.
- the compression space may be a sleeve which is introduced into the interior of the cylindrical member.
- the sleeve is replaceable.
- the outer diameter of the sleeve is adapted to the inner diameter of the corresponding cavity in the cylindrical member. Since the inner diameter and the length of the sleeve can vary, this embodiment allows a simple way of varying the working volume of the compression chambers.
- one or more longitudinal bores can be provided in the cylinder jacket, which extend from one end of the cylindrical component, starting in the longitudinal direction.
- This longitudinal bore serves to receive a cooling tube via the coolant can be introduced. Since the diameter of the cooling tube is chosen smaller than the diameter of the longitudinal bore, the reciprocating motion of the cylindrical member is not hindered.
- the longitudinal bore may extend over the entire length of the cylindrical member, in each case a cooling tube may be provided at both ends.
- the cooling tubes themselves are fixed and connected to a supply and discharge for the coolant.
- the cooling tubes preferably have a length that substantially corresponds to the depth of the adjacent compression space.
- the compression space may be surrounded by channels communicating with the cooling tube so that coolant may be routed around the compression space.
- a spiral-shaped groove can be provided in the outer wall of the sleeve, which, when inserted into the cylinder tube, acts as a coolant channel.
- the at least one longitudinal bore is provided here between the cylinder cavity and the cylinder outer surface.
- seals may be provided to seal against the environment, which are preferably in the region of the entry point of the cooling tube in the longitudinal bore.
- a cooling tube and a cooling hose can be used.
- the compression piston is arranged opposite the free end of the cylindrical component with compression space and is not movable relative to the threaded spindle.
- the piston head should, at least partially, protrude into the open end of the threaded spindle and seal the compression chamber from the environment.
- the piston is also equipped with a cooling.
- the discharge of the compressed fluid may be provided in the piston corresponding supply and discharge lines. These lines preferably open at the end face of the piston head in the compression space. At the mouths valves or similar closures may be provided to prevent backflow of the fluid or premature escape of the compressed fluid.
- the compression unit according to the invention may be surrounded by a housing or a similar device.
- the housing may be completely or partially closed.
- the threaded nut can be conveniently attached in this case to the housing wall, which extends along the longitudinal axis of the threaded cylindrical member.
- the piston may be attached to a housing wall opposite the open end of the threaded cylindrical component with compression space.
- connecting lines may be provided, which connect the supply and discharge line, which extend in the piston, with the environment.
- the housing part, on which the piston is mounted releasably connected to the rest of the housing. This allows a simple replacement of the piston and adjustment of the piston dimension to an optionally changed working volume of the associated compression chamber.
- the piston compressor according to the invention has in each case a piston at both ends of the cylindrical component and the cylindrical component is subdivided into two compression spaces, which can be separated from one another by a separating surface in the interior of the cylindrical component. If the cylindrical component is moved back and forth, once the compression space is reduced at one end and increases the compression space at the other end or vice versa.
- This embodiment allows a two-stage operation of the reciprocating compressor by the output volume of a compression chamber is chosen smaller than the initial volume of the second working space.
- the pre-compressed fluid in the compression chamber with a larger initial volume can be supplied to the compression chamber with a smaller initial volume via a connection in the separating surface for further compression. Backflow of the compressed fluid can be prevented by a closure in the connection. Suitable closures are valves such as impact valves and the like as they are also used in conventional reciprocating compressors and known.
- the compression space or compartments can be designed as a sleeve. It can be provided coolant lines, which are integrated in the sleeve wall or these can also surround. In operation, the piston head should protrude at the starting point at least as far into the opening of the compression space or connect to it, so that the compression space is sealed against the environment.
- the compression chamber may be provided with supply or discharge lines for the supply of fluid to be compressed, or for the discharge of the compressed fluid. At the mouths of these lines in the compression space valves or similar closures are provided to prevent backflow of the fluid or premature escape of the compressed fluid.
- this embodiment of the compression unit according to the invention may be surrounded by a housing or similar device, which may be configured analogously as in the previous embodiment. Opposite each end of the cylindrical member can be arranged in each case a compression space. These compaction spaces can have different working volumes.
- the piston compressor according to the invention allows a large variability of the working volume with effective cooling.
- the end faces of the pistons and the bottoms of the compression chambers can be effectively cooled, which are the zones, or areas of a reciprocating compressor, with the highest heat development.
- a significant advantage of the reciprocating compressor according to the invention is that the linear movement of the threaded spindle or the threaded nut and the way they cover this, are readily determinable and adjustable, so that the compression volume is very accurate calculable.
- the linear movement of the linearly moving part can be determined by rotational measurement of the rotating part, since these correlate.
- the linear movement of the linearly moving part can be measured directly.
- so-called incremental position transducers can be used for the direct determination of the linear movement.
- a precise, mass-controlled metering of compressed fluid is also possible by determining the temperature and the pressure of the compressed fluid.
- corresponding temperature and pressure sensors can be provided at the starting point, that is to say the point at which the compressed fluid leaves the compression space.
- the piston compressor according to the invention can be operated under pressure control. For this purpose, for example, at the starting point, the pressure of the compressed fluid is measured and the operation of the reciprocating compressor is controlled by the pressure by comparing the determined pressure with a desired value.
- the piston compressor according to the invention can be used for a compressor or a pump.
- the piston compressor according to the invention can be used advantageously for numerous applications in which it is particularly important to meter in defined volumes or masses of fluid, for example machinery, tools, etc.
- blowing fluids can be metered in for the foaming technology such as injection molding, blowing technology and extrusion, as well as cooling fluids and lubricating fluids.
- two or more reciprocating compressor units may be operated in parallel with the combined metering of different fluids, such as, for example, combined metered addition of chemical motive fluid and physical motive fluid, or combined metered addition of cooling fluid and lubricating fluid.
- An example of a specific application is the cooling with CO2 of cutting tools and chips during machining, such as drilling, milling, turning, etc.
- CO2 as a coolant
- an increase in the feed rate of the cutting tool and increase the removal is possible.
- An improved quality of the surface of the workpiece is achieved, since an impairment of the surface of the workpiece due to excessive heating during stock removal can not occur. This is an advantage in particular for plastics, since they soften when heated. It has also been observed that the surface tension in the workpiece is drastically reduced.
- the metered addition of fluid can be controlled by power.
- higher power that a machine tool must apply usually also requires increased cooling and increased coolant supply. Since the power correlates with the power consumption of the motor of the machine tool, the coolant requirement is determined by measuring the power consumption and regulated accordingly.
- Another application is the filling of airbag cartridges with gas. So far, the filling state had to be determined by weighing to determine whether the cartridge is fully filled.
- two or more cylindrical components may be connected to a drive.
- a drive it is possible to dose and administer fluid volumes simultaneously or also at different times, depending on the requirements.
- 100 or more cylindrical members may be operated simultaneously to effect delivery of one or more fluids over, for example, a larger area.
- two or more different fluids may be dosed simultaneously.
- two or correspondingly many apparatuses according to the invention can be switched synchronously, so that a corresponding fluid mixture can be metered into an application.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the invention
- Piston compressor in which the cylindrical member acts as a threaded spindle and contains the compression space
- Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of an inventive
- Piston compressor with laterally arranged drive Piston compressor with laterally arranged drive.
- Figure 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the piston compressor according to the invention with cylindrical member 1 and a first compression chamber 2 and a second compression chamber 3, which are provided in the interior of the cylindrical member 1, with openings at the ends of the cylindrical member.
- FIG. 1 The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is shown with a ball screw, wherein the cylindrical member 1 is configured simultaneously as a ball screw.
- the ends of the cylindrical member 1 opposite to a first piston 4 and a second piston 5 are arranged corresponding to the first and second compression chamber 2, 3.
- the compression chambers 2, 3 are separated from each other by a separation region 6, which extends over the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical component 1, whereby the compression chambers 2, 3 are delimited from each other and from each other.
- the piston 4 In the upper part of the piston compressor shown in FIG. 1, the piston 4 is in its end position with the smallest volume of the compression chamber 2. In the lower part of the piston compressor shown in FIG the piston 5 in its initial position with the largest working volume of the compression chamber. 3
- the piston 5 protrudes at least partially into the compression chamber 3 and thereby seals the compression chamber 3 from the environment.
- the compression chamber 3 has in this position its maximum effective axial cylinder height.
- the piston compressor is surrounded by a housing 7.
- the pistons 4, 5 are each fixed at one end to the end faces of the cylindrical component 1 opposite end surfaces 8, 9 of the housing 7 fixed. With their other end they extend into the respective end surface 8, 9 opposite the open end of the cylindrical member. 1
- the pistons 4, 5 preferably have a length which is chosen such that they can effect the sealing of the associated compression chamber in its initial position.
- the cylindrical component 1 is linearly moved in the axial direction via the ball nut 10.
- the cylindrical member 1 in its outer circumferential surface has a groove 1 1 for the balls.
- the trough 1 1 extends over the entire length of the cylindrical member. 1
- the ball nut 10, which surrounds the cylindrical member 1, is fixedly secured to the side walls of the housing 7 here.
- a drive 18 surrounds the ball nut and puts them in rotation.
- an electric motor is shown as the drive.
- the drive 18 is integrated in the housing.
- the cylindrical component 1 in a linear, here up and down movement, offset.
- valves such as an inlet valve or exhaust valve
- a discharge valve for example, as a discharge valve, a check valve or the like can be used.
- the inlet valve may be, for example, a ball check valve, a diaphragm spring valve, a conical seat valve or lamella valve.
- inlet or outlet valves can be used, as they are used for commercial reciprocating compressors and are known.
- two longitudinal bores 14, 15 are provided, each of which extends over the entire length of the cylindrical component 1.
- a cooling tube At both ends of a longitudinal bore 14, 15 is a cooling tube.
- the cooling tubes here preferably have a length which is dimensioned so that they are in a position which corresponds approximately to the engagement depth of the piston at the time at which the piston engages in the maximum extent in the adjacent compression space.
- the cooling tubes are indicated in the figure by transverse lines, which are intended to indicate the end of the corresponding cooling tube, which extends into the longitudinal bore 14, 15.
- Hoses can also be used instead of the cooling pipes.
- Channels may pass around the compression spaces 2, 3 that communicate with the cooling tubes to allow circulation of the coolant around the compression spaces.
- the one or more compression chambers 2, 3 may be an integral part of the cylindrical member 1 and worked into its body.
- the compression chambers 2, 3 can be sleeves, which can be used as inner tubes in corresponding cavities in the cylindrical component 1 and are preferably interchangeable.
- the cylindrical component 1 may be a hollow cylinder into which the sleeves can be inserted.
- pistons can be exchanged and pistons of different diameter and / or length can be used.
- end surfaces 8, 9 are interchangeable with pistons 4, 5 and located therein connecting lines.
- the available working volume of the reciprocating compressor according to the invention can be varied in a simple manner in one and the same reciprocating compressor by exchanging the inner sleeves and / or the end surfaces, without having to replace the complete reciprocating compressor.
- the compression chambers 2, 3 may have a different working volume and be connected via one or more connecting lines, which are equipped for example with inlet and outlet valves.
- a pre-compressed in the compression chamber with the larger working volume of fluid is then fed via the connecting line in the compression chamber with smaller volumes for further compression.
- the position of the ball nut relative to the cylindrical component 1 and the stroke of the cylindrical component 1 as a ball screw are determined by the respective requirements of the specific device.
- FIG. 2 shows a piston compressor according to the invention, which substantially corresponds in construction to the embodiment of FIG. However, here the drive 18 is arranged outside of the housing 7 with the ball screw and flanged to this. The rotational movement of the ball nut 10 is conveyed via a belt 19.
- the piston compressor according to the invention allows numerous variations.
- One side of the piston can be designed as a low pressure system and the other side of the piston as a high pressure system.
- Different media can be compressed simultaneously in the compression chambers.
- a liquid can be compressed on one side and a gas on the other side.
- the piston compressor according to the invention allows a variation of the available working volume for one and the same device. An exchange of the entire device is not required.
- Cylindrical component (configured as ball screw) 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL14753070T PL3044461T3 (pl) | 2013-09-13 | 2014-08-19 | Sprężarka tłokowa |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013015142 | 2013-09-13 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/067652 WO2015036206A1 (de) | 2013-09-13 | 2014-08-19 | Kolbenverdichter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3044461A1 true EP3044461A1 (de) | 2016-07-20 |
| EP3044461B1 EP3044461B1 (de) | 2021-04-21 |
Family
ID=51383723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14753070.3A Active EP3044461B1 (de) | 2013-09-13 | 2014-08-19 | Kolbenverdichter |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3044461B1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK3044461T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2871415T3 (de) |
| PL (1) | PL3044461T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015036206A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE719392A (de) * | 1968-08-12 | 1969-02-12 | ||
| US6068448A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 2000-05-30 | Sugino Machine Limited | Pressure hydraulic pump having first and second synchronously driven reciprocating pistons with a pressure control structure |
| US6398514B1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-06-04 | Steve C. Smith | Double-acting rod pump |
| CA2514817A1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-11 | Afif Abou-Raphael | Reciprocating double acting pump |
-
2014
- 2014-08-19 PL PL14753070T patent/PL3044461T3/pl unknown
- 2014-08-19 WO PCT/EP2014/067652 patent/WO2015036206A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-08-19 EP EP14753070.3A patent/EP3044461B1/de active Active
- 2014-08-19 DK DK14753070.3T patent/DK3044461T3/da active
- 2014-08-19 ES ES14753070T patent/ES2871415T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2015036206A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2871415T3 (es) | 2021-10-28 |
| DK3044461T3 (da) | 2021-07-12 |
| WO2015036206A1 (de) | 2015-03-19 |
| PL3044461T3 (pl) | 2021-10-25 |
| EP3044461B1 (de) | 2021-04-21 |
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