EP3048626B1 - Appareil de commutation avec soufflage d'arc par aimant permanent - Google Patents

Appareil de commutation avec soufflage d'arc par aimant permanent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3048626B1
EP3048626B1 EP16000145.9A EP16000145A EP3048626B1 EP 3048626 B1 EP3048626 B1 EP 3048626B1 EP 16000145 A EP16000145 A EP 16000145A EP 3048626 B1 EP3048626 B1 EP 3048626B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
blow
contact
magnetic field
contact point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16000145.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3048626A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Kralik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaltbau GmbH
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Schaltbau GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaltbau GmbH filed Critical Schaltbau GmbH
Priority to EP16200162.2A priority Critical patent/EP3157032B1/fr
Publication of EP3048626A1 publication Critical patent/EP3048626A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3048626B1 publication Critical patent/EP3048626B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H33/182—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • a generic switching device has, among other things, at least one contact point and one of the contact point associated with electric arc blowing device.
  • the arc blowing device comprises at least one blowing magnet for generating a magnetic blowing field.
  • the blower field is such that a switching arc arising when the contact point is opened is blown out of the contact point.
  • Such a switching device is for example off EP 2230678 A2 known. It is an arc-resistant contactor whose arc blowing device comprises both permanent magnets and electrically operated blow coils.
  • the use of blow coils to generate a magnetic blowing field usually means that the switching device is relatively heavy, large and also expensive to manufacture.
  • the blowing effect on the arc is dependent on the current, which leads to critical current ranges. Activation of the puff coils at the moment of switching requires additional expenses.
  • a switching device according to the preamble of independent claim 1 is for example made US 2014/0360982 A1 known.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a switching device of the generic type, which ensures a reliable deletion of the switching arc regardless of the current direction and thereby has a simple and inexpensive construction.
  • the solution according to the invention has the advantage that the switching arc is always blown regardless of the current direction in the same direction from the housing of the switching device, so that only an arc quenching device is required to the switching arc to delete.
  • the magnetic blowing field can be generated purely permanent magnetic, so that can be completely dispensed with the use of heavy and expensive puffing.
  • the switching device according to the invention is characterized very compact. Of the Switching arc is formed in the middle of the transition region of the blower field and is therefore conducted depending on the current direction either in the first magnetic field or in the second magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field lines are fanned out in the transition region preferably over an angle of 180 °.
  • a particularly simple construction results if the second magnetic field region is formed in mirror image to the first magnetic field region.
  • the switching device according to the invention is particularly simple and can therefore be manufactured inexpensively. At the same time results in a particularly high erasing potential, both in DC operation and in AC operation.
  • the first arc blowing device and the second arc blowing device are essentially mirror-symmetrical to one another. Therefore, the magnetic polarity of the pole plates of the first arc blowing device is preferably coincident with the magnetic polarity of the pole plates of the second arc blowing device.
  • the ends of the third and fourth Lichtbogenleitblechs are preferably each slightly spaced from the ends of the contact bridge, so that the contact bridge can be moved relative to the third and fourth arc guide plate.
  • a base of the arc jumps from the contact bridge to the third and fourth arc guide plate when the arc is blown out of the contact point.
  • a particularly advantageous construction results when the contact bridge is arranged over the fixed contacts.
  • the first arc guide plate and the second arc guide plate are preferably arranged below the respective middle pole plate and extend in width both via the first channel and via the parallel second channel of the associated arc blowing device. They preferably each connect the fixed contact with the associated connection contact.
  • the corners of the contact bridge are preferably rounded to increase the life.
  • a first channel is assigned to the first magnetic field region and a second channel to the second magnetic field region, the first channel and the second channel being parallel and arranged next to one another, and the first channel being transverse to its longitudinal extension from the magnetic field lines of the first Magnetic field region, and the second channel is traversed transversely to its longitudinal extent by the magnetic field lines of the second magnetic field region.
  • the switching arc can be safely and reliably led away from the contact point.
  • the magnetic field lines are substantially perpendicular to the pole plates.
  • the previously mentioned channels each extend between a lateral pole plate and the middle pole plate.
  • the pole plates preferably form the side walls of the channels.
  • First blowing magnet and second blowing magnet are preferably each arranged between a lateral pole plate and the middle pole plate. Further preferably, the first blowing magnet is in direct contact with the first side pole plate, the second blowing magnet is preferably in direct contact with the second side pole plate.
  • the middle pole plate is shorter than the two lateral pole plates at least at one of the contact point facing first end.
  • the two lateral pole plates extend laterally next to the contact point, so that the contact point is between a first end of the first lateral pole plate and a first end of the second lateral pole plate. In this way, it is ensured that the switching arc is reliably conducted after its formation as a function of the current direction either in the first magnetic field region or in the second magnetic field region.
  • the middle pole plate at a second end opposite its first end is also shorter than the two lateral pole plates. As a result, the switching arc is guided back into the center before entering the arc quenching device, as it were in the plane of symmetry of the middle pole plate. As a result, the arc quenching device can be made particularly compact.
  • the first blowing magnet of the first arc blowing device and the first blowing magnet of the second arc blowing device are arranged within the loop, which is formed by the third arc guide plate and the contact bridge, wherein the second blowing magnet of the first arc blowing device and the second blowing magnet of the second arc blowing device within of the Loop are arranged, which is formed by the fourth arc guide plate and the contact bridge.
  • the middle pole plates of the first and second arc blowing devices are encased in an electrically insulating manner.
  • the sheath can be made of suitable plastic or ceramic.
  • the arc-quenching device has a first arc-quenching device and a second arc-quenching device, wherein first and second arc-quenching devices are arranged on opposite sides of a housing of the switching device such that the first channel and the second channel of the first arc-blowing device open into the first arc quenching device, wherein the first and second channel of the second arc blower in the second arc extinguishing device.
  • a third arc quenching device is arranged on a top side of the housing connecting the two opposite sides of the housing, such that the first and second channels of the first and second arc blowing devices also open into the third arc quenching device.
  • the deletion potential can be increased if necessary.
  • Parts of the housing, which lie between the arc quenching device, can be protected if necessary by suitable copper plates from the arc.
  • the drive of the switching device is advantageously below the two fixed contacts.
  • the arc-extinguishing devices each have a plurality of extinguishing elements which are stacked on one another.
  • the extinguishing elements can be made of ceramic.
  • the extinguishing elements each have at least two wedge-shaped flanks at the end which faces the contact point or the third and fourth arc guide plates, the wedge-shaped flanks of each extinguishing element with the wedge-shaped flanks of the respectively following extinguishing element becoming two V-shaped flutes, which are each assigned to one of the two channels, complete.
  • the arc quenching devices each have a plurality of openings to the outside, so that the plasma generated by the switching arc can escape from the housing of the switching device.
  • the openings are preferably formed by corresponding grooves in the extinguishing elements.
  • the switching capacity can be further increased if the contact bridge is arranged according to a further preferred embodiment on a contact carrier made of electrically insulating material, wherein the contact carrier extends between the first contact point and the second contact point on the inside width of the housing of the switching device.
  • the contact carrier dips on both sides into corresponding grooves of the housing, so that a barrier in the manner of a labyrinth seal is formed for the plasma which is formed by the arc.
  • a bellows may also be arranged to avoid a short to ground, which otherwise takes place due to the arc generated by the arc in a flashover of the arc on the yoke plate of the drive of the switching device, if correspondingly high loads are switched.
  • the switching device is a contactor.
  • FIG. 1 shows an oblique view of a switching device 1.
  • the switching device is a single-pole contactor.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional plan view. The cut passes through the axes of the in FIG. 1 shown components 2.1 and 2.2.
  • the contactor 1 has two fixed contacts 7.1 and 7.2, which are each electrically connected to an associated terminal contact 8.1, 8.2.
  • the two fixed contacts 7.1 and 7.2 can be electrically connected to each other by means of a contact bridge 10.
  • the contact bridge 10 is actuated by the armature of an electromagnetic drive 19 and has two movable contacts 9.1, 9.2. When closing the contacts comes the first movable contact 9.1 with the first fixed contact 7.1 to the plant.
  • the second movable contact 9.2 contacts the second fixed contact 7.2.
  • the housing of the contactor 1 is not shown. In the illustration is only the chassis 20 of the switching device shown, to which the electromagnetic drive is attached.
  • the switching device has an arc blowing device for each of the two contact points in order to blow off the switching arc from the contact point.
  • Each of the two arc blowing devices is associated with an arc quenching device 5.1 or 5.2.
  • the arc quenching devices are in FIG. 2 shown schematically and may have a plurality of quenching plates or ceramic extinguishing elements in well-known manner.
  • the structure of the arc blowing device is first explained for the first contact point, consisting of the first fixed contact 7.1 and the first movable contact 9.1.
  • the blowing field which is generated by the arc blowing device is generated exclusively permanent magnetically in the switching device. No electrically operated blower coils are required.
  • only the two permanent magnets 2.1 and 2.2 are used.
  • the two permanent magnets 2.1 and 2.2 are each arranged between the first contact point and the arc quenching device 5.1, which is assigned to the first contact points.
  • the first permanent magnet 2.1 stands in direct contact with a first lateral pole plate 6.1, which is arranged on a side wall of the switch housing, not shown.
  • the second permanent magnet 2.2 is also in direct contact with a second lateral pole plate 6.2, which is arranged on the opposite side of the housing and in FIG. 1 for reasons of better clarity is not shown. Between the two lateral pole plates 6.1 and 6.2 is a middle pole plate 6.3, which runs parallel to the two lateral pole plates 6.1, 6.2 and in FIG. 1 also not shown. Between the two permanent magnets and the middle pole plate 6.3 is in each case a magnetic return arranged. Both the conclusion and the permanent magnets are cylindrical. In FIG. 2 It can be seen that both components are each surrounded by a protective sleeve 21.
  • the two permanent magnets 2.1 and 2.2 are oppositely poled.
  • the south pole is located in each case on the outside of the first pole plate 6.1 or on the second pole plate 6.2.
  • the common north pole is located at the middle pole plate 6.3.
  • the opposite polarity causes the magnetic field established between the second lateral pole plate 6.2 (right) and the middle pole plate 6.3 to be aligned exactly opposite the magnetic field established between the first pole plate 6.1 (left) and the middle pole plate 6.3 becomes. This circumstance can also be seen from the magnetic field lines 23, which are shown in FIG FIG. 2 are drawn.
  • the pole plates define between them two channels, both of which open respectively starting from the first contact point in the arc quenching device 5.1.
  • the two channels are interspersed transversely to their longitudinal extent of one of the two oppositely poled magnetic fields. How out Figure 2 becomes clear, extend the two lateral pole plates 6.1, 6.2 laterally next to the contact point, the middle pole plate 6.3 is slightly shorter and ends before the contact point. This results in a transition region of the magnetic blowing field at the contact point.
  • the magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the magnetic field lines of the two magnetic fields in the channels 4.1 and 4.2. In the transition region, the magnetic field lines are fanned out virtually over an angle of 180 °. The direction of the magnetic field in the channel 4.1 is thereby reversed in the transition region until it finally corresponds to the direction of the magnetic field in the channel 4.2.
  • first connection contact 8.1 is now connected to the positive pole of a voltage source, then a switching arc 3.1 is produced when the contacts are opened at the first contact point, which is triggered by the magnetic blow field in FIG FIG. 2 first deflected to the right and then enters the channel 4.2 between the second lateral pole plate 6.2 and the middle pole plate 6.3.
  • the direction of movement of the switching arc 3.1 is illustrated for this case by the arrow 24.
  • the switching arc is initially deflected in the opposite direction to the left. It then enters the left channel 4.1 between the first lateral pole plate 6.1 and the middle pole plate 6.3 along the path illustrated by the arrow 25.
  • the switching arc is subsequently driven through the magnetic blow field into the arc quenching device 5.1.
  • the middle pole plate 6.3 is also at the opposite end, which faces the arc quenching device 5.1, slightly shorter than the two lateral pole plates 6.1, 6.2.
  • the magnetic blower field also has a transition region, shortly before the arc-quenching device 5.1, which conducts the switching arc to the middle of the arc-quenching device 5.1.
  • the arc quenching device 5.1 can be kept compact.
  • an arc blowing device is also provided, which is constructed substantially identical to the arc blowing device at the first contact point.
  • the two permanent magnets 2.1, 2.2 are reversed.
  • the middle pole plate 6.3 marks the south pole.
  • the two lateral pole plates 6.1 and 6.2 each form the north pole of the magnetic field. If the first terminal contact 8.1 with the positive pole, and the second terminal contact 8.2 connected to the negative pole of a voltage source, resulting at the second contact point switching arc 3.2 is thus initially deflected to the left and then enters the channel between the left side pole plate 6.1 and middle pole plate 6.3. When the voltage is reversed, the switching arc 3.2 is deflected to the right at the second contact point and therefore enters the channel between the right-hand side pole plate 6.2 and the middle pole plate 6.3.
  • FIG. 1 It can be seen that a plurality of so-called arc guide are provided to guide the switching arc on the one hand and to stretch on the way to the arc quenching on the other.
  • the arrangement of the arc guide plates is first explained again below for the first contact point.
  • the first fixed contact 7.1 has a first arc guide plate 11.1 and a second arc guide plate 12.1.
  • the opposite first movable contact 9.1 are also associated with two Lichtbogenleitbleche, namely a third arc guide plate 13.1 and a fourth Arc guide plate 14.1.
  • the third arc guide plate 13.1 and the fourth arc guide plate 14.1 are not connected to the movable contact 9.1 or to the contact bridge 10, but permanently installed in the switching device.
  • the first arc guide plate 11.1, together with the third arc guide plate 13.1 an arc guide plate pair, which is assigned to the first channel 4.1 between the first side pole plate 6.1 and the middle pole plate 6.3.
  • the second arc guide plate 12.1, together with the fourth arc guide plate 14.1, likewise forms an arc guide plate pair, which is assigned to the second channel 4.2 between the second lateral pole plate 6.2 and the middle pole plate 6.3.
  • the two arc guide plates of an arc guide plate pair run apart from the contact point in order to stretch the switching arc on the way to the arc quenching device.
  • Corresponding arc guide plates are likewise provided at the second contact point, the third and fourth arc guide plates 13.1, 14.1 being respectively connected to the first contact point with the corresponding third and fourth arc guide plates 13.2, 14.2 at the second contact point.
  • the third arc guide plate 13.1 at the first contact point is conductively connected via an electrical connection 15 to the third arc guide plate 13.2 at the second contact point.
  • the fourth arc guide plate 14.1 is electrically connected at the first contact point via an electrical connection 16 to the fourth arc guide plate 14.2 at the second contact point.
  • there is an electrical connection 17 between the third arc guide plate 13.1 and the fourth arc guide plate 14.1 at the first contact point in which a diode 18 is provided which only permits one current direction.
  • the diode is only required if the contactor is used in AC applications.
  • the second fixed contact 7.2 is connected to the two arc guide plates 11.2 and 12.2.
  • the arc guide plate 11.2 forms the first arc guide plate at the second contact point.
  • the arc guide plate 12.2 forms the second arc guide plate.
  • the switching arc 3.1 which arises at the first contact point, enters the second channel 4.2 between the second lateral pole plate 6.2 and the middle pole plate 6.3. At the time of the emergence of the switching arc 3.1, this exists between the first fixed contact 7.1 and the first movable contact 9.1, which is arranged on the contact bridge 10. In order to be able to enter the channel 4.2, the switching arc must jump from the contact bridge 10 to the fourth arc guide plate 14.1.
  • the current flows from the first fixed contact 7.1 via the second arc guide plate 12.1, the first switching arc 3.1, the fourth arc guide plate 14.1, the electrical connection line 17, the third arc guide plate 13.1, the electrical connection line 15, the third arc guide plate 13.2 at the second contact point, the second Switching arc 3.2 and the first arc guide plate 11.2 at the second contact point to the second fixed contact 7.2.
  • This case is in FIG. 3 shown.
  • FIG. 4 With oppositely applied voltage, the in FIG. 4 shown case.
  • the current flows from the second fixed contact 7.2 via the second arc guide plate 12.2 at the second contact point, the second switching arc 3.2, the fourth arc guide plate 14.2, the electrical connection line 16, the fourth arc guide plate 14.1, the electrical connection line 17, the third arc guide plate 13.1, the first Switching arc 3.1 and the first Lichtbogenleiblech 11.1 at the first contact point to the first fixed contact 7.1.
  • the first switching arc 3.1 and the second switching arc 3.2 are appropriately stretched by the arc guide plates and finally extinguished in the associated arc quenching device.
  • the switching device according to the invention is also suitable for AC operation. If the switching arcs 3.1 and 3.2 occur during the positive half cycle, then the in FIG. 3 shown state. At a mains frequency of 50 Hz, the duration of the positive half cycle is 10 milliseconds. This leaves enough time so that the switching arc can jump from the contact bridge to the corresponding arc guide plate. The transition to the negative half wave is simply prevented by the use of the diode 18. The current direction can not reverse. It comes to a reconsolidation, causing the switching arc in the negative half-wave can not reconnect. The same applies in the event that the switching arc occurs during the negative half-wave. In this case, first the in FIG. 4 shown situation. Again, it comes to a reconsolidation and to prevent re-ignition of the arc.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 show an embodiment of a switching device according to the invention 1.
  • the structure corresponds in principle to the structure of the switching device from the FIGS. 1 to 4 , Like parts are designated by like reference numerals. The following are essentially the differences from the example of the FIGS. 1 to 4 described.
  • FIG. 6 shows, the contact bridge 10 with the two movable contacts 9.1 and 9.2 in contrast to the example of the FIGS. 1 to 4 above the two fixed contacts 7.1 and 7.2 arranged.
  • the electromagnetic drive 19 is located as in the example of the FIGS. 1 to 4 below the two contact points. This has the advantage that the upper part of the housing can be completely removed for maintenance purposes, allowing free access to the contacts.
  • the switching device has two contact points.
  • the first contact point 7.1 / 9.1 is associated with a first arc blowing device
  • the second contact point 7.2 / 9.2 is associated with a second arc blowing device.
  • the first arc blower is in FIG. 8 shown in the lower half
  • the second arc blower takes in FIG. 8 the upper half of the picture.
  • the first arc blowing device and the second arc blowing device are essentially mirror-symmetrical to one another.
  • the magnetic polarity of the pole plates 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 of the first arc blowing device in this embodiment is therefore identical to the magnetic polarity of the pole plates 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 of the second arc blowing device.
  • the arc quenching device of the switching device 1 has on opposite sides of the housing a first arc quenching device 5.1 and a second arc quenching device 5.2.
  • the first arc quenching device 5.1 is assigned to the first contact point 7.1 / 9.1.
  • First channel 4.1 and second channel 4.2 of the first arc blowing device which is assigned to the first contact point, respectively open into the first arc-extinguishing device 5.1.
  • the second arc quenching device 5.2 is the second contact point 7.2 / 9.2.
  • First channel 4.1 and second channel 4.2 of the second arc blowing device which is assigned to the second contact point, respectively open into the second arc-extinguishing device 5.2.
  • a third arc-quenching device 5.3 is further arranged, wherein the first and second channels of the first and second arc-blowing devices also open into the third arc-quenching device 5.3.
  • the third arc quenching device increases the quenching potential as needed.
  • Parts of the housing that lie between the arc extinguishing devices can be protected from the arc by suitable copper plates 32.
  • All three arc extinguishing devices 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3 each have a plurality of extinguishing elements 29 and 30, which are stacked alternately.
  • the extinguishing elements are made of ceramic.
  • the first fixed contact 7.1 is assigned a first arc guide plate 11 and the second fixed contact 7.2 is associated with a second arc guide plate 12.
  • the first arc guide plate 11 and the second arc guide plate 12 extend between the respective fixed contact 7.1 or 7.2 and the respective associated arc quenching 5.1 or 5.2. They each connect the fixed contact 7.1 or 7.2 with the associated connection contact 8.1 or 8.2.
  • the first arc guide plate 11 and the second arc guide plate 12 are arranged below the respective middle pole plate 6.3 and they extend in width both via the first channel 4.1 and via the parallel second channel 4.2 of the associated arc blowing device. Furthermore, a third arc guide plate 13 and a fourth arc guide plate 14 are provided.
  • the third arc guide plate 13 and the fourth arc guide plate 14 each extend arcuately from the first movable contact 9.1 to the second movable contact 9.2, so that the third arc guide plate 13 and the fourth arc guide plate 14 together with the contact bridge 10 each form a nearly closed loop.
  • FIG. 6 shows, the middle pole plates 6.3 of the first and second arc blowing device respectively between the third arc guide plate 13 and fourth arc guide plate 14 are arranged.
  • the third arc guide plate 13 is located in the representation of FIG. 6 behind the two middle pole plates 6.3 and is therefore shown in dashed lines in this figure.
  • the ends of the third arc guide plate 13 and the fourth arc guide plate 14 are each slightly spaced from the ends of the contact bridge 10, so that the contact bridge 10 can be moved relative to the third and fourth arc guide plate.
  • a base of the switching arc jumps from the contact bridge on the third and fourth arc guide plate when the switching arc is blown out of the contact point.
  • the corners of the contact bridge are preferably rounded to increase the life.
  • the first blowing magnet 2.1 of the first arc blowing device and the first blowing magnet 2.1 of the second arc blowing device are disposed within the loop formed by the third arc guide plate 13 and the contact bridge 10, the second blowing magnet 2.2 of the first arc blowing device and the second blowing magnet 2.2 of the second arc blowing device are arranged within the loop, which is formed by the fourth arc guide plate 14 and the contact bridge 10.
  • the blowing magnets are easily shielded from the arc.
  • a protective sheath of the blowing magnets made of ceramic or the like is not required.
  • the middle pole plates 6.3 of the first and second arc blowers are encased in an electrically insulating manner.
  • the contact bridge 10 is arranged on a contact carrier 27 made of electrically insulating material. As FIG. 7 shows, the contact carrier 27 extends between the first contact point and the second contact point on the clear width of the housing of the switching device. The contact carrier dips on both sides into corresponding grooves of the housing, so that a barrier of the type of a labyrinth seal is formed for the plasma formed by the arc.
  • a bellows 28 is further arranged to avoid a short to ground, which otherwise takes place due to the arc generated by the arc in a flashover of the arc on the yoke plate of the drive of the switching device, if correspondingly high loads are switched.
  • the two switching arcs are 3.1 and 3.2, which arise at the contact points 7.1 / 9.1 and 7.2 / 9.2, in the representation of FIG. 8 depending on the current direction, either first deflected either to the right or both to the left, then into the respective arc quenching device 5.1 or 5.2, and subsequently into the third arc quenching device 5.3.
  • the switching arcs 3.1 and 3.2 are thus either through the channels 4.1 or, as it is in FIG. 6 shown is driven through the channels 4.2 in the arc extinguishing equipment.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil de commutation (1) comprenant au moins une zone de contact et un dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique associé à la zone de contact, appareil de commutation
    dans lequel le dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique comporte au moins un aimant de soufflage (2.1, 2.2) pour produire un champ de soufflage magnétique,
    dans lequel le champ de soufflage est conçu de façon telle qu'un arc électrique de commutation (3.1, 3.2) produit lors de l'ouverture de la zone de contact, soit soufflé hors de la zone de contact,
    dans lequel le champ de soufflage présente une première zone de champ magnétique et une deuxième zone de champ magnétique agencée à côté de la première zone de champ magnétique,
    l'appareil de commutation (1) comprenant par ailleurs un dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1, 5.2, 5.3), qui est agencé de manière telle que l'arc électrique de commutation (3.1, 3.2) soit soufflé par le dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique, indépendamment du sens du courant, dans le dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1, 5.2, 5.3), appareil de commutation
    dans lequel le dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique présente une première plaque polaire latérale (6.1), une deuxième plaque polaire latérale (6.2) et une plaque polaire centrale (6.3) agencée entre les deux précédentes,
    dans lequel la première zone de champ magnétique se situe entre la première plaque polaire latérale (6.1) et la plaque polaire centrale (6.3), et dans lequel la deuxième zone de champ magnétique se situe entre la deuxième plaque polaire latérale (6.2) et la plaque polaire centrale (6.3),
    dans lequel au moins un premier aimant de soufflage (2.1) est associé à la première plaque polaire latérale (6.1), et au moins un deuxième aimant de soufflage (2.2) est associé à la deuxième plaque polaire latérale (6.2), dans lequel le premier aimant de soufflage (2.1) et le deuxième aimant de soufflage (2.2) sont de polarités opposées, et dans lequel les aimants de soufflage (2.1, 2.2) sont des aimants permanents,
    l'appareil de commutation (1) présentant une première zone de contact et une deuxième zone de contact, appareil de commutation
    dans lequel à la première zone de contact est associé un premier dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique, et à la deuxième zone de contact est associé un deuxième dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique,
    dans lequel la première zone de contact comporte un premier contact fixe (7.1) et un premier contact mobile (9.1),
    dans lequel la deuxième zone de contact comporte un deuxième contact fixe (7.2) et un deuxième contact mobile (9.2),
    dans lequel le premier contact mobile (9.1) et le deuxième contact mobile (9.2) sont agencés à des extrémités opposées d'un pontet de contact commun (10), dans lequel au premier contact fixe (7.1) est associée au moins une première tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (11), et au deuxième contact fixe (7.2) est associée au moins une deuxième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (12),
    dans lequel la première tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (11) et la deuxième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (12) s'étendent entre le contact fixe respectif (7.1, 7.2) et le dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1, 5.2) et sont reliées de manière conductrice avec le contact fixe (7.1, 7.2) respectif, et
    dans lequel sont prévues, par ailleurs, une troisième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (13) et une quatrième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (14),
    caractérisé en ce que des lignes de champ magnétique de la première zone de champ magnétique sont orientées de manière opposées à des lignes de champ magnétique de la deuxième zone de champ magnétique, en ce que le champ de soufflage présente par ailleurs une zone de transition, qui relie mutuellement la première zone de champ magnétique et la deuxième zone de champ magnétique, en ce que l'orientation des lignes de champ magnétique dans la zone de transition, à partir respectivement de la première zone de champ magnétique et de la deuxième zone de champ magnétique, s'égalise vers la zone de contact, de sorte que l'arc électrique (3.1, 3.2), à l'intérieur de la zone de transition, en fonction du sens du courant, est dévié à partir de la zone de contact, soit dans la première zone de champ magnétique, soit dans la deuxième zone de champ magnétique, et y est, dans les deux cas, éloigné, dans la même direction, de la zone de contact, par soufflage, en ce que la troisième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (13) et la quatrième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (14) s'étendent respectivement en forme d'arc du premier contact mobile (9.1) vers le deuxième contact mobile (9.2), de sorte que la troisième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (13) et la quatrième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (14) forment en commun avec le pontet de contact (10), respectivement une boucle pratiquement fermée, et en ce que les plaques polaires centrales (6.3) du premier et du deuxième dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique sont agencées respectivement entre la troisième et la quatrième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (13, 14).
  2. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'à la première zone de champ magnétique est associé un premier canal (4.1), et à la deuxième zone de champ magnétique est associé un deuxième canal (4.2), en ce que le premier canal (4.1) et le deuxième canal (4.2) s'étendent parallèlement l'un à l'autre et sont agencés côte à côte, et en ce que le premier canal (4.1) est traversé, transversalement à son étendue longitudinale, par les lignes de champ magnétique de la première zone de champ magnétique, et le deuxième canal (4.2) est traversé, transversalement à son étendue longitudinale, par les lignes de champ magnétique de la deuxième zone de champ magnétique.
  3. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la plaque polaire centrale (6.3) est, tout au moins à une première extrémité dirigée vers la zone de contact, plus courte que les deux plaques polaires latérales (6., 6.2).
  4. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux plaques polaires latérales (6.1, 6.2) s'étendent latéralement jusqu'à côté de la zone de contact, de sorte que la zone de contact se trouve entre une première extrémité de la première plaque polaire latérale (6.1) et une première extrémité de la deuxième plaque polaire latérale (6.2).
  5. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la plaque polaire centrale (6.3) est, au niveau d'une deuxième extrémité opposée à sa première extrémité, également plus courte que les deux plaques polaires latérales (6., 6.2).
  6. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier aimant de soufflage (2.1) du premier dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique et le premier aimant de soufflage (2.1) du deuxième dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique, sont agencés à l'intérieur de la boucle qui est formée par la troisième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (13) et le pontet de contact (10), et en ce que le deuxième aimant de soufflage (2.2) du premier dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique et le deuxième aimant de soufflage (2.2) du deuxième dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique, sont agencés à l'intérieur de la boucle qui est formée par la quatrième tôle de guidage d'arc électrique (14) et le pontet de contact (10).
  7. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les plaques polaires centrales (6.3) du premier et du deuxième dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique, sont dotées d'une enveloppe électriquement isolante.
  8. Appareil de commutation (1) selon l'une des revendications 1, 6 ou 7, respectivement en combinaison avec la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) comprend un premier dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1) et un deuxième dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.2), en ce que le premier et le deuxième dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1, 5.2) sont agencés sur des côtés opposés d'un boitier de l'appareil de commutation (1) de manière telle, que le premier canal (4.1) et le deuxième canal (4.2) du premier dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique débouchent dans le premier dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1), et en ce que le premier canal (4.1) et le deuxième canal (4.2) du deuxième dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique débouchent dans le deuxième dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.2).
  9. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que sur un côté supérieur du boitier, qui relie les deux côtés opposés du boitier, est agencé, par ailleurs, un troisième dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.3) de manière telle, que les premiers et deuxièmes canaux (4.1, 4.2) des premier et deuxième dispositifs de soufflage d'arc électrique débouchent également dans le troisième dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.3).
  10. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'extinction d'arc électrique (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) peut être déposé de manière complète, le cas échéant en commun avec les deux dispositifs de soufflage d'arc électrique.
  11. Appareil de commutation (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le pontet de contact (10) est agencé sur un support de contact (27) en un matériau électriquement isolant, le support de contact (27) s'étendant entre la première zone de contact et la deuxième zone de contact, sur la largeur libre du boitier de l'appareil de commutation (1).
EP16000145.9A 2015-01-22 2016-01-21 Appareil de commutation avec soufflage d'arc par aimant permanent Active EP3048626B1 (fr)

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DE102015000796.3A DE102015000796B4 (de) 2015-01-22 2015-01-22 Schaltgerät mit permanentmagnetischer Lichtbogenlöschung

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KR (1) KR101784586B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN109036908B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015000796B4 (fr)
ES (2) ES2778843T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2629563C9 (fr)
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ES2636797T3 (es) 2017-10-09
RU2629563C9 (ru) 2018-01-19
US9991073B2 (en) 2018-06-05
US20160217951A1 (en) 2016-07-28
RU2016101644A (ru) 2017-07-26
JP6706081B2 (ja) 2020-06-03
CN105826102A (zh) 2016-08-03
KR101784586B1 (ko) 2017-10-11
CN109036908B (zh) 2020-02-11
DE102015000796B4 (de) 2017-03-02
JP2016146333A (ja) 2016-08-12
DE102015000796A1 (de) 2016-07-28
EP3048626A1 (fr) 2016-07-27
ES2778843T3 (es) 2020-08-12
KR20160090770A (ko) 2016-08-01
CN105826102B (zh) 2018-08-03
RU2629563C2 (ru) 2017-08-30
EP3157032A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
ZA201600490B (en) 2017-05-31
UA113925C2 (xx) 2017-03-27
CN109036908A (zh) 2018-12-18
EP3157032B1 (fr) 2020-03-04

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