EP3084322A1 - Machine frigorifique à adsorption, ensemble et véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Machine frigorifique à adsorption, ensemble et véhicule automobile

Info

Publication number
EP3084322A1
EP3084322A1 EP14815586.4A EP14815586A EP3084322A1 EP 3084322 A1 EP3084322 A1 EP 3084322A1 EP 14815586 A EP14815586 A EP 14815586A EP 3084322 A1 EP3084322 A1 EP 3084322A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
functional position
adsorptionskältemaschine
valve element
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14815586.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Eichendorf
Thomas Demmer
Ulrich Kappenstein
Ralf Diekmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3084322A1 publication Critical patent/EP3084322A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F25B17/086—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt with two or more boiler-sorber/evaporator units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F25B17/083—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt with two or more boiler-sorbers operating alternately
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/28—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves specially adapted for sorption cycles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • Adsorption chiller arrangement and motor vehicle
  • the invention relates to an adsorption refrigeration machine according to the preamble of claim 1, an arrangement comprising a motor and a
  • Adsorption chillers of the type discussed here are known.
  • Such adsorption refrigeration machine has at least a first chamber, which has an adsorber / desorber material.
  • At least one second chamber is provided, which has an evaporator / condenser device.
  • the first and second chambers are in fluid communication with one another via a pipeline, wherein a valve device is arranged in the pipeline. Through this, the fluid connection between the first and the second chamber in a first functional position can be blocked and released in a second functional position.
  • the piping typically requires large cross-sections, particularly in the range of about 50 mm. These are not readily closable, in particular by valves customary in the motor vehicle sector. Rather, the use of a technically complicated and expensive shut-off valve is necessary, in particular because of a vacuum which is typically prevalent in the two chambers, the use of which is problematic, especially in a motor vehicle, for cost reasons. Disclosure of the invention
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an adsorption refrigerator, an arrangement and a motor vehicle, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned.
  • valve means comprises a valve element of variable diameter, wherein the valve element is formed so that it has a first diameter in the first functional position, with which it has an inner cross section of the pipe under close contact with an inner wall thereof it fills in the second
  • Functional position has a second diameter which is smaller than the first diameter, so that a gap between the inner wall of the
  • valve element and thus the entire valve device can be constructed technically and structurally very simple, in particular, it has only a few parts and is inexpensive. At the same time it is possible with the
  • Valve device especially with the valve element, even large
  • Adsorption chiller is a sorption chiller that works with a solid sorbent.
  • the adsorber / desorber material having, first chamber serves as adsorber / desorber means.
  • Adsorption phase of the adsorption chiller becomes one in the
  • liquid refrigerant evaporates, transferred via the pipe from the second chamber into the first chamber and adsorbed there by the adsorber / desorber material.
  • the adsorber / desorber material has a very large surface area.
  • the Evaporator / condenser device operates in the adsorption phase as an evaporator, wherein they heat of vaporization from the environment or in particular from a first cooling circuit, for example one
  • the adsorber / desorber material works as an adsorber, in which region absorption heat is released, preferably via a second
  • Cooling circuit is discharged.
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine is the
  • Adsorber / desorber material which then acts as a desorber, heat supplied, for example via the second cooling circuit described above, which then acts as a heating circuit. In this way, the refrigerant is expelled from the adsorber / desorber material and evaporated. It is via the pipe of the second chamber and thus the evaporator / condenser
  • the refrigerant is liquefied in the evaporator / condenser device.
  • the heat of condensation released here is dissipated, for example via the first cooling circuit described above.
  • the valve device By means of the valve device arranged in the pipeline, it is possible to store cooling capacity with low loss.
  • the valve device is displaced after completion of the desorption phase in its first functional position, so that the pipeline is closed and the fluid connection between the first and the second chamber is blocked.
  • the adsorption phase can then not be started, but the refrigerant remains in the second chamber, at the same time the adsorber / desorber material is not loaded with refrigerant.
  • the adsorption chiller neither absorbs heat from the environment, nor does it dissipate heat to the environment. It also does not provide cooling capacity. If cooling capacity is to be made available, the valve device can be displaced into its second functional position so that the fluid connection between the first and the second chamber is released.
  • the adsorber / desorber material used is preferably a material selected from a group consisting of
  • Activated carbon alumina, aluminum phosphate, silica-aluminum phosphate, metal-silica-aluminum phosphate, mesostructure silicate, a metal-organic
  • a microporous material in particular a microporous polymer, a silica gel, and a zeolite. These materials have due to their large inner surface the property of the refrigerant, especially water or methanol, absorb very well.
  • the evaporator / condenser device preferably has one
  • Heat exchanger structure on.
  • Heat exchanger structure formed pipe for the first cooling circuit is provided.
  • the heat exchanger structure it is on the one hand possible to supply the evaporator / condenser device evaporation heat when it works in the adsorption phase as an evaporator, on the other hand, heat can be removed to dissipate the heat of condensation when the evaporator / condenser device in the
  • Desorption phase works as a capacitor.
  • the first chamber has a heat exchanger structure, particularly preferably in the manner of a arranged in the form of a heat transfer structure pipeline for the second cooling circuit, wherein the
  • Heat exchanger structure in particular the pipeline, outside with the
  • Adsorber / desorber material is coated. In this way it is possible to supply heat to the adsorber / desorber material in the desorption phase in order to drive off the refrigerant from the adsorber / desorber material, it being possible in the adsorption phase to remove the heat of adsorption released in the area of the adsorber / desorber material dissipate.
  • the pipeline between the first and the second chamber has
  • this diameter is preferably the inner diameter of the pipeline.
  • the valve element has in a preferred embodiment, a variable volume, so not only its size in one direction, namely the diameter is variable, but the volume of the
  • diameter is not to be understood as limiting with respect to a circular cross-section of the valve element, but rather a length dimension in a cross-sectional plane of the pipeline and the valve element, which is variable irrespective of the concrete shape of the valve element on the one hand and the pipeline on the other the
  • Valve element fills the cross section of the pipeline in the first functional position, where it releases it in the second functional position.
  • the valve element is adapted with respect to its geometry to a geometry of the pipeline. In this way, a particularly tight contact of the valve element in the first functional position on the inner wall of the pipeline can be ensured.
  • the cross section of the valve element is geometrically adapted to a cross section of the pipeline.
  • An adsorption chiller is also preferred, which is characterized in that the valve element has an elastic sheath.
  • This encloses a working space which is sealed off from the pipeline and from the first and the second chamber.
  • the working space is operatively connected to a control valve device. Preferably, it is in fluid communication with the control valve means. Due to the operative connection, the working space can be acted upon by the control valve device in the first functional position with a first pressure, wherein it is in the second functional position can be acted upon by a second pressure. The first pressure is greater than the second pressure.
  • Working space on the one hand and outside of the elastic shell on the other hand - changeable By being sealed off from the pipeline and the first and second chambers, it is either increased in volume against the prevailing pressure or reduced in volume by this pressure or by the elasticity of the casing.
  • the first pressure is greater than the pressure prevailing in the pipeline or the first and the second chamber, which is also referred to as system pressure, so that the working space is increased in volume in the first functional position of the valve device, in particular a larger volume than in the second functional position.
  • Pressure is preferably less than or equal to the system pressure prevailing in the pipeline, the first and the second chamber, so that the working space in this functional position is reduced in volume, in particular smaller in volume than in the first
  • Functional position has a distance from the inner wall of the pipe, so that a gap between the inner wall of the pipe and the elastic sheath is released.
  • the elastic sheath preferably comprises a material selected from a group consisting of rubber, an elastic polymer, and rubber. Preferably, the elastic sheath of one of said materials.
  • the first pressure is preferably in the environment of
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine prevailing pressure, in particular atmospheric pressure or ambient pressure. This is especially the case when the
  • Adsorptionskarltemaschine works at a negative pressure, which is the case regularly when water is used as a refrigerant. In this In the case of the first and second chambers, as well as in the pipeline, system pressures in the range of about 10 mbar to about 100 mbar prevail.
  • Pressure source is needed, which would have to remain in an operating mode to hold the valve device in its first functional position. Rather, the valve device readily remains in the first functional position as long as the pressure in the working space is not lowered below the ambient pressure.
  • the fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber can remain locked for virtually any length, without the need for energy supply to the Adsorptionshimltemaschine.
  • Cooling capacity can also be stored long term in the event of a shutdown, in order to be ready in time for commissioning or commissioning
  • the second pressure is preferably less than or equal to the system pressure of the adsorption chiller. If the second pressure is equal to the system pressure, the elastic shell contracts due to its elastic properties and thus moves away from the inner wall. If the second pressure is less than the system pressure, the elastic sheath is additionally compressed by the pressure difference between the system pressure and the second pressure.
  • the valve device preferably has, on the one hand, the valve element and, on the other hand, the control valve device, wherein the valve element can be actuated by the control valve device so that the valve device as a whole is displaceable from its first functional position to its second functional position and vice versa.
  • the elastic shell having valve element is structurally particularly simple and inexpensive, while it is very functional u works reproducibly. This is in particular because only a few, simple and inexpensive elements are used for the valve device.
  • An embodiment of the adsorption chiller is also preferred, which is characterized in that the working space on the
  • Control valve device in the first functional position with an environment of the Adsorptionshimltemaschine in fluid communication.
  • the working space is communicated directly via the control valve device with an ambient pressure in the environment of the adsorption chiller,
  • the working space is expanded, with the elastic covering sealingly against the
  • An embodiment of the adsorption chiller is also preferred, which is characterized in that the working space on the
  • Control valve device in the second functional position with a
  • Vacuum source is in fluid communication.
  • the vacuum source is preferably designed so that it generates the second pressure in the working space, which is preferably less than or equal to a system pressure of the
  • Adsorption chiller is. It is possible in a very simple and cost-effective way, the valve device in its second
  • Vacuum source is used. For example, this can be done at a
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine in a motor vehicle to be provided for a brake booster anyway vacuum source.
  • motor vehicles as well as other use environments of adsorption refrigeration machines regularly have a vacuum pump to which the control valve device can be connected. It therefore regularly requires no separate vacuum source to act on the
  • Vacuum pump comprising.
  • valve device which is ultimately controllable via already existing pressure conditions.
  • the valve device has only the structurally very simply formed valve element with the elastic sheath, as well as a fluid connection to the control valve device, and the
  • valve device itself. It is possible that the valve device additionally also has the negative pressure source, but preferably the control valve device is provided with an external, anyway provided
  • Vacuum source in fluid communication so that the valve device has only a very small number of parts, which are taken individually and also as an assembly extremely simple and inexpensive, with only the already existing pressure conditions are used to the valve device from its first into its second Shift functional position and vice versa.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the adsorption chiller is also preferred, which is characterized in that the tube element has a constriction against which the valve element lies tightly in the first functional position.
  • the constriction is preferably formed as a cross-sectional constriction, or as in particular annular circumferential, radially inwardly projecting back into the pipeline projection to which the valve element can nestle in the first functional position. This will be in the area of
  • Cross-sectional constriction causes a particularly good contact of the valve element on the inner wall of the tubular element, so that an increased density results.
  • An embodiment of the adsorption chiller is also preferred, which is characterized in that the valve element is designed as a rubber bellows and / or as a bellows.
  • an embodiment of the adsorption chiller which is characterized in that it comprises at least two chambers with adsorber / desorber material and at least two chambers, each with an evaporator / condenser device. It is clear from the above description of the adsorption chiller that it works in phases, with an adsorption phase and a desorption phase preferably alternating cyclically. It is therefore not continuous
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine a plurality of chambers with adsorber / desorber material and a plurality of chambers with evaporator / capacitor devices can, a quasi-continuous provision of
  • Cooling capacity can be realized, in which the different chambers alternate in terms of their functionality.
  • a chamber with adsorber / desorber material works as an adsorber
  • another chamber with adsorber / desorber material can work as a desorber at the same time.
  • a chamber with an evaporator / condenser device can work as an evaporator, while at the same time another chamber with an evaporator / condenser device operates as a condenser.
  • the adsorption refrigerator has exactly two chambers with adsorber / desorber material.
  • the Adsorptionshimltemaschine preferably exactly two chambers, each with an evaporator / condenser device.
  • Adsorber / Desorber material and / or an integer multiple of two second chambers each having an evaporator / condenser device are particularly preferred.
  • Adsorber / Desorber material has exactly two second chambers, each with an evaporator / condenser device.
  • the object is also solved by providing an arrangement with the characteristics of
  • Claim 8 is created. This comprises an engine, in particular an exhaust-emitting internal combustion engine or an electric motor or an electric machine, and an adsorption refrigerator according to one of the previously described embodiments.
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine are connected to each other via a fluid connection, that the adsorption chiller waste heat of the engine, in one embodiment exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, is supplied as a heat source.
  • the adsorption chiller can be supplied via the fluid connection or via an additional fluid connection coolant of a coolant circuit of the engine as a heat source. It is thus possible to use the waste heat from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine or in the cooling circuit, which is provided for cooling the engine, available heat to in the desorption of the
  • Adsorption chiller to desorb the refrigerant from the adsorber / desorber material. Compared to a compression refrigeration machine so no mechanical drive energy must be diverted from the engine to operate the chiller. Rather, available waste heat from the exhaust gas and / or from the cooling circuit is used for the operation of the adsorption chiller anyway. This has the advantage that the engine is more energy efficient, with lower fuel consumption, with greater range and / or with a longer service life until the next charging of a
  • the object is finally solved by a motor vehicle having the features of claim 9 is created.
  • the motor vehicle is characterized by an arrangement according to one of the previously described
  • the motor vehicle therefore has an adsorption chiller, which with the waste heat of a motor of the
  • the motor vehicle is preferably designed as a passenger car. But it can also be a truck, the
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine not only for the air conditioning of a cab, but also for the air conditioning of a cargo space of the truck can be used.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
  • Adsorptionskarltemaschine with a valve device in a first functional position and 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 1 with the valve device in a second functional position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an adsorption refrigeration machine 1 which has a first chamber 3 and a second chamber 5.
  • an adsorber / desorber material 7 is arranged in the first chamber 3.
  • the second chamber 5 has an evaporator / condenser device 9, which preferably has a heat exchanger structure.
  • Evaporator / condenser device 9 is arranged, or the second chamber 5 is formed as an evaporator / condenser device 9.
  • the first chamber 3 is in fluid communication with the second chamber 5 via a pipe 11.
  • a valve device 13 is arranged in the pipe 11. This has a valve element 15 with a variable diameter.
  • valve element 15 on an elastic sheath 17, which encloses a working space 19.
  • the working space 19 is sealed against the pipe 11 and also with respect to the first chamber 3 and with respect to the second chamber 5.
  • the valve member 15 is formed as a rubber bellows.
  • the working space 19 is operatively connected to a control valve device 21, in particular with this in fluid communication, so that he through the
  • Control valve device 21 is selectively acted upon by a first pressure or a second pressure.
  • Valve element 15 is formed virtually inflatable, wherein it has a variable volume and thus at the same time also the variable diameter.
  • valve device 13 is shown in Figure 1 in a first functional position in which the working space 19 mediates on the
  • Control valve device 21 with an environment 23 of the Adsorptionslaltemaschine 1 is in fluid communication. Therefore prevails in the working space 19 of the Adsorptionslaltemaschine 1
  • Ambient pressure which also prevails in the environment 23, preferably
  • valve element 15 is inflated as it were in this first functional position, wherein there is a first
  • Diameter with which it fills an inner cross-section of the pipe 11 under close contact with an inner wall 25 of the pipe 11.
  • the pipe 11 has in the illustrated embodiment a
  • Constriction 27 which is designed here as an annular circumferential, radially inwardly facing projection of the inner wall 25.
  • the valve element 15 is in the first
  • Valve element 15 in the embodiment shown here additionally - in Figure 1 above the constriction 27 - all over tight against the inner wall 25.
  • Inner wall 25 of the pipe 11 causes.
  • FIG. 1 shows that in the second chamber 5, a refrigerant 29, preferably water or methanol, is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 shows the embodiment of the adsorption refrigerating machine according to FIG.
  • Vacuum source 31 fluidly connected.
  • This may be, for example, the brake booster of a motor vehicle or a vacuum pump provided elsewhere in a motor vehicle, or else a separate vacuum source, in particular a vacuum pump, associated with the adsorption chiller 1.
  • a second pressure which is in any case less than the first pressure in the first functional position, and in particular less than or equal to the system pressure prevailing in the first chamber 3, in the second chamber 5 and in the pipeline 11.
  • valve element 15 Due to the prevailing pressure conditions or due to the elastic properties of the elastic sheath 17, the valve element 15 is no longer inflated in the second functional position, but rather relaxed or even contracted, so that it has a smaller volume than in the first functional position and a second diameter, the is smaller than the first diameter, wherein the second diameter is also designed so that a gap 33 between the inner wall 25 and the valve member 15, in particular its elastic sheath 17, is released. The valve element 15 is thus no longer close to the inner wall 25 at.
  • the mode of operation of the adsorption chiller 1, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, is the following:
  • Adsorber / desorber material 7 in the first chamber 3 heat supplied, so that the refrigerant 29 is desorbed from the adsorbent / desorber material and thus expelled.
  • an arrangement of the adsorption refrigeration machine 1 and an engine, not shown, is preferably provided, wherein the arrangement is particularly preferably part of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car.
  • the Adsorptionskarltemaschine 1 is connected to the engine via a fluid connection such that the adsorption chiller 1 waste heat of the engine, in particular exhaust of an internal combustion engine and / or coolant of a coolant circuit of the engine, can be supplied as a heat source.
  • the waste heat of the engine which is either included in the exhaust gas or in the coolant used for cooling the engine, is therefore used to desorb the refrigerant 29 from the adsorber / desorber material 7.
  • the desorbed refrigerant passes via the pipe 11 into the second chamber 5, where it condenses. It is obvious that during the
  • valve device 13 is arranged in its illustrated in Figure 2, the second functional position, so that the fluid path between the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 5 via the pipe 11th
  • this storage state can be maintained almost arbitrarily long, without requiring a supply of power, for example, to drive a pump needed.
  • the cooling capacity can be stored in a motor vehicle in this way without an engine, so an internal combustion engine or an electric machine of the motor vehicle, must be operated. If the cooling capacity to be retrieved, the valve device 13 is in turn brought into its illustrated in Figure 2, second functional position, and the fluid path between the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 5 via the pipe 11 is released. In this case, due to the very large surface of the
  • Adsorber / Desorber material 7 a driving force for adsorption of the refrigerant 29 on this surface.
  • the adsorber / desorber material thus sucks quasi the refrigerant 29, which evaporates in the second chamber 5, via the
  • Pipeline 11 flows into the first chamber 3 and is adsorbed there on the surface of the adsorber / desorber material.
  • the refrigerant 29 absorbs heat of vaporization in the second chamber 5, so that here cooling capacity is provided, which can be used for air conditioning, for example, an interior of a motor vehicle.
  • the released in the first chamber 3 adsorption heat is preferably dissipated.
  • valve device 13 proposes a simply constructed, cost-effective and efficient adsorption refrigeration machine 1, which is able to safely store refrigeration capacity for a long time.
  • This has a particularly advantageous effect on an arrangement of the adsorption chiller 1 with an engine and on a motor vehicle, which with the
  • Adsorptionshimltemaschine 1 is configured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine frigorifique à adsorption (1) qui comprend au moins une première chambre (3) comportant un matériau adsorbeur/désorbeur (7) et au moins une deuxième chambre (5) comportant un dispositif évaporateur/condenseur (9), la première chambre (3) et la deuxième chambre (5) étant en liaison fluidique l'une avec l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit tubulaire (11), et dans le conduit tubulaire (11) étant disposé un dispositif à soupape (13) qui permet de bloquer la liaison fluidique entre la première chambre (3) et la deuxième chambre (5) dans une première position de fonctionnement et de la libérer dans une deuxième position de fonctionnement. Selon l'invention, le dispositif à soupape (13) comprend un élément de soupape (15) à diamètre variable, l'élément de soupape (15) étant configurée de façon à avoir dans la première position de fonctionnement un premier diamètre correspondant à une section transversale intérieure du conduit tubulaire (11) en appui étanche sur une paroi intérieure (25) du conduit tubulaire (11), et dans la deuxième position de fonctionnement un deuxième diamètre inférieur au premier diamètre de sorte qu'un interstice (33) est ménagé entre la paroi intérieure (25) du conduit tubulaire (11) et l'élément de soupape (15).
EP14815586.4A 2013-12-17 2014-11-05 Machine frigorifique à adsorption, ensemble et véhicule automobile Withdrawn EP3084322A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013226158.6A DE102013226158A1 (de) 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Adsorptionskältemaschine, Anordnung und Kraftfahrzeug
PCT/EP2014/073839 WO2015090716A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2014-11-05 Machine frigorifique à adsorption, ensemble et véhicule automobile

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EP3084322A1 true EP3084322A1 (fr) 2016-10-26

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US (1) US10670308B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3084322A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105849480A (fr)
DE (1) DE102013226158A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015090716A1 (fr)

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US20160320102A1 (en) 2016-11-03
US10670308B2 (en) 2020-06-02
WO2015090716A1 (fr) 2015-06-25
CN105849480A (zh) 2016-08-10
DE102013226158A1 (de) 2015-06-18

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