EP3086976A1 - Verfahren zur erfassung einer relativposition, verfahren zum kabellosen laden eines fahrzeugs, orientierungssignalempfänger und induktive ladevorrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur erfassung einer relativposition, verfahren zum kabellosen laden eines fahrzeugs, orientierungssignalempfänger und induktive ladevorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3086976A1 EP3086976A1 EP14821094.1A EP14821094A EP3086976A1 EP 3086976 A1 EP3086976 A1 EP 3086976A1 EP 14821094 A EP14821094 A EP 14821094A EP 3086976 A1 EP3086976 A1 EP 3086976A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- orientation
- field
- charging
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/39—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer with position-responsive activation of primary coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
- H02J7/42—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data with electronic devices having internal batteries, e.g. mobile phones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of wireless charging of batteries in vehicles.
- Battery is used for traction power generation, as well as in motor vehicles, where an on-board battery is necessary for operation, there is often the need to transmit electrical power from an external power source to the vehicle.
- Wired solutions so-called plug-in solutions
- an electrical plug-in ⁇ contact and an associated supply line is used to connect an external, stationary power source to the vehicle ver ⁇ to charge its battery.
- more comfortable solutions are known in which the electrical power is transmitted from a stationary coil (hereinafter: transmit charging coil) to a vehicle-side coil by an alternating magnetic field, wherein the vehicle-side coil serves as Re ⁇ charge charging coil.
- coils are used, which are basically unaffected by stationary magnetic fields, so that by using a coil for detecting the orientation field per se, a frequency selectivity in the sense of a high pass or a bandpass occurs. It is intended that the
- Orientation field is detected by a frequency-selective coil, wherein the coil detected only by integration in a resonant circuit or by the coil downstream (analog or digital) filter only a portion of the Weels selsignalspektrums. Therefore, the orientation field may have a frequency component that lies in the frequency spectrum detected by the frequency-selective coil, so that interfering alternating signal components in the detection of the orientation field are essentially disregarded.
- the frequency sensitive ⁇ region (passband) and the resonance frequency of the frequency selective coil can be adapted to the spectrum or to the frequency component or the frequency of the orientation field.
- At least one sensor coil is used to detect the orientation field in addition to a transmitter charging coil and a receiving charging coil. Since it is an inherent egg ⁇ genschaft a coil as a sensor coil to be excited by alternating magnetic fields and remain unaffected by sta ⁇ -Nazi magnetic fields, one disturbances arises solely through the use of a sensor coil sensitivity to static magnetic fields, such as those in reinforced concrete buildings or on steel parking spaces (for example of multiplex garages).
- Orientation field used coil namely the sensor coil, regardless of the requirements of Sendeladespule and the receiving charging coil are configured, resulting in particular by designing the sensor coil with a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the transmitting coil or the receiving coil of a smaller size.
- the smaller size results in a smaller footprint and also less influence is achieved by magnetic interference.
- the sensor coil may have an inductance that is greater than the inductance of the transmitting charging coil and / or the receiving charging coil.
- the inductance of the sensor coil is above ⁇ preferably at least 2x, 5x, lOx, 50x or LooX greater than the inductance of the transmitting and / or receiving charging coil to enable a high sensitivity at a great distance to the center of the Orientie ⁇ approximately box.
- a (single adjustable) attenuation for the received signal of the sensor coil is therefore preferably provided to at shorter distances and, therefore, at high field strengths detected orientation Signal kauskompo ⁇ components (such as filters, amplifiers, etc.) which the sensor coil are downstream, not to overload.
- the sensor coil may be placed at a place other than the receiving coil to the vehicle, wherein preferably several Sen ⁇ sorspulen be placed at different places of the vehicle, to detect the orientation field effectively.
- the sensors could be attached to the periphery of the vehicle and thus be able to detect the measurement signal particularly early and sensitively.
- the inherent property of a coil to remain unaffected by stationary magnetic fields essentially noise immunity compared to static magnetic fields, as they can be produced by Stahlkom ⁇ components in buildings or DC chargers.
- a method is described for detecting a relative position between a vehicle-side reception charging coil and a stationary (ie stationary) transmission charging coil.
- the vehicle-side reception charging coil is preferably fastened to or in a lower side of the vehicle.
- the reception charging coil may be directly attached or connected via a Po ⁇ sition istsmechanismus with the vehicle.
- the stationary transmitter charging coil is fixed or connected via a positioning ⁇ niers recognized with the floor of a parking space, but may also be placed on the floor or on the parking space.
- the floor here means a concrete floor, asphalt floor or a reinforced concrete floor of a building (a garage) as well as a metal floor of a parking space, in particular a multi-plex garage or a parking lift.
- the Empfangsla ⁇ despule and / or the Sendeladepule may each be provided as a single coil or as a coil with a plurality of coil sections, which may be offset from each other.
- ⁇ special reception charging coil and / or the Sendela ⁇ despule may include a magnetic core.
- the reception charging coil and / or the transmission charging coil may further be provided with a power ⁇ drive circuit.
- the orientation field can ⁇ strength corresponding to a charge field with which the transmission load coil transfers power to the receiver loading coil in a position mode with regard to frequency and / or field.
- the power, the frequency and / or the field shape of the orientation field deviates from that of the charging field.
- the orientation field has a lower field strength or power than the charging field.
- the field strength or the power of the orientation field is in particular not more than 50%, 20%, 10% or preferably 1%, 0, 5% or 0, 1% of the field strength or the power of the charging field.
- the Orien ⁇ t istsfeld may be generated 5 or 2 watts by a power of not more than 50, 20, 10,.
- the charging field can be operated with a power of at least 1 kW, at least 2 kW, at least 3 kW or at least 5 kW (this power indicates the power transferred from the transmitting charging coil to the receiving charging coil).
- the orientation field is detected by at least one coil provided for inductive excitation.
- a coil is thus used which is connected in such a way that an orientation receive signal generated in the coil can be tapped off or fed to a receiving device (or its input).
- the coil provided for inductive excitation may thus be a reception charging coil having a tap which is connected to a receiving device which processes the signal generated by the coil with respect to the relative position between the receiving charging coil and the transmitting charging coil.
- This receiving unit differs from a power circuit, which serves for the transmission of power from the reception charging coil to a battery or to a vehicle electrical system.
- provided for the inductive excitation coil may be the transmit charging coil, which is preferably not applied during the detection of the Orien ⁇ t istsfelds with electricity.
- the coil provided for inductive excitation may be a sensor coil which is neither identical to the transmitter charging coil nor identical to the receiver charging coil. Therefore, the orientation field can be generated by means of the transmission charging coil while detecting the orientation field by means of the reception charging coil or (at least) one sensor coil. Further, the orientation field can be generated by means of the reception ⁇ charging coil during the transmit charging coil or the sensor coil detects the orientation field. Moreover, it is possible for a coil such as the sensor coil to be used to generate the orientation field while the transmission charging coil and / or the reception charging coil detect the orientation field. In the latter case, the coil used to generate the orientation field may be formed as a sensor coil and may also be provided on the vehicle side or stationary.
- the orientation field is frequency-selectively detected by the coil, which is intended for inductive excitation.
- the coil provided for inductive excitation captures only part of the frequency spectrum of the magnetic field, thereby blocking control effects by alternating magnetic fields.
- the coil itself may be provided in a frequency-selective receiving circuit or a filter may be connected downstream of the coil, which is frequency-selective.
- Possibilities for frequency-selective design of the coil or for frequency-selective detection by the coil are the Be ⁇ description and in particular the figure description to take.
- the relative position is determined using the approximate Orientie ⁇ field which is detected by the coil which is provided for the inductive excitation. It is provided that the relative position is determined on the basis of an orientation-received signal which is emitted by the coil provided for inductive excitation. In particular, the relative position is determined on the basis of an orientation received signal, which is induced by the orientation field in the coil, which is intended for inductive excitation. More Details He mediation ⁇ the relative position based on the orientation receive signal are given below. As a relative position, particularly the distance between the transmitting primary coil and Emp ⁇ fang charging coil is referred to, which may be associated with directional information, such as an angle or a coordinate tuple or vector.
- the at least one coil provided for inductive excitation may be provided in a resonant circuit.
- (at least) one capacitor may be connected in parallel or in series with the coil.
- the resonant circuit has a resonant frequency which corresponds to a frequency of the orientation field.
- the resonance frequency lies in a spectrum of the orientation field, which comprises at least 30, 50, 80, 70, or 90% of the field strength or power of the orientation field.
- the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit corresponds to a frequency or frequency component of the orientation field that is at least 20%, 50%, 80%, 90% or 95% of the total field strength or overall power of the orientation field. The resonance frequency is thus matched to the fundamental frequency of the orientation field.
- Reso ⁇ nanz Vietnamese flowers are induced by the orientation field in the respective coil, passed through a filter.
- This filter has a through ⁇ let frequency range, into which the frequency or the frequency spectrum of the orientation field is located. In this case, at least 50, 80, 90 or 95% of the power of the orientation receive signal falls in the pass frequency range.
- the through ⁇ transmission frequency range is bounded by cut-off frequencies at which the transmission function of the filter is decreased to half, one-tenth, one-hundredth or one-thousandth of the maximum By ⁇ transmission function.
- the Orientie ⁇ approximately frame is frequency-coded, wherein the orienting field is detected by a detection device, the fre ⁇ quenzselektive sensitivity is adjusted to the frequency of the orientational field. Furthermore, it is possible for the separation of the orientation field of interference signals the
- Orientation field is amplitude, phase or frequency modulated. Furthermore, the orientation field can be folded with a code, in particular a ternary or binary code.
- the orientation reception signal according to the Amp ⁇ lituden-, frequency, or code modulation is received. It can be used as matched filters, phase locked loops or Korrelationsemp ⁇ catcher for detecting or processing the Orien ⁇ t istsfeldes. In particular, that can
- the orientation receive signal received with a PSK receiver PSK: Phase Shift Keying, phase modulation
- PSK Phase Shift Keying, phase modulation
- the Orientie ⁇ tion field may be modulated with an OFDM signal (OFDM: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing).
- OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
- the modulation of the orientation field can be individual and, in particular, information about the identity of the coil which generates the orientation field (for example the transmit charging coil), about the power of the Coil that generates the orientation field, via the service provider who operates the Sendeladespule, or the connected thereto supply network, the charge type, a communication type for communication between the vehicle and control unit, which is the Sendeladespule upstream, and / or on the position of the charging coil within the
- the modulation can play in ⁇ formation about the current relative position between the transmitter coil and receiver coil.
- the relative position is determined based on the amplitude of the orientation received signal or on the basis of Amplitudes of the orientation receive signals, if multiple provided for inductive excitation coils are used.
- ratios of orientation receive signals from a plurality of coils (in particular the sensor coil) configured to receive the orientation field are used to determine the relative position. These coils are provided in front ⁇ preferably at a distance to each other.
- the relative position may also be determined by a field direction resulting signals from a plurality of orientation-receiving or can (ie, the signal strength) are determined via a com bination ⁇ the amplitudes of the reception signals orienta- been accredited with the use of a plurality of coils , which are intended for inductive excitation.
- the field direction is determined by orientation receive signals of a plurality of coils provided for inductive excitation, which are inclined relative to one another or which are oriented differently. These coils are preferably provided at the same location.
- Several groups of differently oriented coils may be provided in which an orientation receive signal is generated, the groups being provided at different locations. Based on the known spatial relationships of the locations and on the basis of the respective field directions, which are determined on the basis of the orientation receive signals for a plurality of groups, the relative position can be determined as a two-dimensional or multidimensional location specification.
- Orientation field are preferably used in addition to the described determination of the relative position.
- ⁇ sondere is provided to evaluate the performance of the orientation reception signal or a plurality of orientation-received signals in determining the relative position.
- the instantaneous powers relative to one another can be ratioed or normalized, or detected power values of the orientation receive signal which were recorded substantially at the same time are used.
- the mapping may be a mathematical mapping in the form of a formula, or may be provided as a look-up table.
- the orientation receive signals may be a mathematical mapping in the form of a formula, or may be provided as a look-up table.
- the look-up table maps signal strength values or ratios thereof to a relative position, so that the relative position can be determined on the basis of the look-up table on the basis of the orientation receive signals.
- the field direction is determined on the basis of the orientation received signals.
- An illustration, particularly plemented in ⁇ by a function or a look-up table maps the direction (possibly also the power) to positions relative to the orientation field and in particular to the center of the orienting field from.
- the function or look-up table can reflect interrelationships triangulation, wherein a plurality of directions of the orientation field to be used under different ⁇ handy locations in accordance with a triangulation method for calculating a relative position. The He ⁇ averaging the relative position based on the at least one orientation the received signal will be explained in particular by means of the figures.
- the orientation field is generated by the transmitting charging coil, wherein the at least one coil provided for inductive excitation detects the orientation field on the vehicle side.
- the coil provided for inductive excitation is the receiving coil or at least one sensor coil.
- the orientation field is generated by the vehicle-side receiver coil.
- the coil provided for inductive excitation in a fixed position that is, stationary
- the coil provided for inductive excitation is the Transmitting coil or is at least one stationary sensor coil.
- the stationary sensor coil may be provided on the floor of the parking space or at least partially in the floor.
- Posi ⁇ tion data field strength data or amplitude data is transferred from the designated for the inductive excitation coil to the vehicle via ⁇ .
- a communication module can be provided, which downstream of the provided for excitation coil, or which is connected downstream of a position calculating device which is connected to the spool, preferably via a Empfangsein ⁇ direction.
- the latter possibility has the advantage that when using at least one sensor coil, this does not have to be arranged on the vehicle, but can be provided outside the vehicle and in particular stationary.
- the former possibility in turn has the advantage that a communication between the vehicle and a stationary unit is not necessarily required.
- the coil provided for inductive excitation in the form of the vehicle-side receiver coil or in the form of at least one sensor coil, is connected directly or via a position-calculating device to a communication device.
- the communica ⁇ tion means the power or amplification ⁇ tudenaries the orientation received signal or a pre-determined relative position of the vehicle is transmitted to the stationary coil special.
- the stationary coil may in this case be arranged on a positioning mechanism which, for optimum alignment of the reception charging coil with the transmission charging coil, transmits the transmission charging coil according to the relative position or according to FIG
- the communication module may be a near field communication module (formed in accordance with a NFC standard), cellular enabled communication module (in particular ⁇ sondere a GSM, UMTS, EDGE, GPRS, HSCSD or
- the LTE communication module can be based on a proprietary communication standard.
- the communication tion module can also be a radio module or a module for optical data transmission.
- At least one sensor coil which is mounted on the vehicle or stationary, can be used.
- the sensor coil this is not the intended in ⁇ inductive excitation coil.
- the orientation field can be detected by means of the transmission charging coil or by means of the reception charging coil.
- the transmitting charging coil or the receiving charging coil form the coil provided for inductive excitation.
- only a portion of the transmit charging coil or the receiving charging coil can be used to detect the orientation field, wherein the coil in question preferably has a corresponding winding tap.
- a plurality of vehicle-mounted or fixed (that is steady state) sensor coils for detecting the Orien ⁇ t istsfeldes used are in particular distributed on an underside of the vehicle, preferably at a distance of at least 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 or 120 centimeters.
- sensor coils there are, in particular three or four sensor coils to be seen at the Un ⁇ underside of the vehicle or as a stationary transmitter coil before ⁇ , to detect the orientation field having a plurality of sensor coils.
- the sensor coils may be spaced apart from each other as mentioned and / or may be differently oriented (ie, inclined to each other). If the orientation field is detected by a plurality of sensor coils distributed locally, the relative position can be precisely detected.
- one or more sensor coils are used, which are arranged in particular as an array or as a matrix and which are spaced apart from one another. In this case, the sensor coils may have the same or different orientations.
- the sensor coils can be arranged at equal intervals in the array or in the matrix.
- the distances between the sensor coils need not necessarily be the same. There are irregular or asymmetrical spatial distribution of Sen ⁇ sorspulen possible. The distances or the position of the sensors will be taken into sorspulen ⁇ in determining the relative position. Furthermore, the asymmetrical or irregular local distribution of the sensor coils can be used for plausibility checking, in particular if the number of sensor coils exceeds the dimension of the relative position and thus re ⁇ dundant determinations of the relative position are possible. These are used in particular to perform plausibility checks on location determinations and, in particular, to resolve an unambiguous triangulation and to resolve them by evaluating the redundant sensor coils (or their signals).
- the sensor coils are divided into groups, each group comprising three differently oriented coil ⁇ ori, preferably as indicated above.
- the orientation receive signal is in this case multidimensional or there are several orientation receive signals.
- Orientation receive signals include all individual receive signals of all sensor coils, the signals preferably being grouped according to the local grouping. There are preferably 2, 3 or 4 groups of such Sen ⁇ sorspulen used. The groups have in particular a distance of at least 10 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm or 120cm. This allows (ie the field Rich ⁇ ) is reported on the basis of each group of coils the direction of the course of the orientation field detected, in particular by the individual Leis ⁇ tung values of the coils of one group (or amplitude values) are considered as the direction vector representing the direction of the
- the position of the sensor coil relative to the orientation field can be detected by triangulation. If the positioning or the orientation field ⁇ direction is ambiguous, the unique relative position ER- averages can be a redundant present group and / or a signal strength comparison of coils of different groups.
- a combined total power of all orientation receive signals of a group of coils can be combined (for example by simple addition of the arguments or by absolute value formation, in particular by determining the square root of the sum of the squares of the arguments, ie the powers or amplitudes) so as to determine which of the groups closer to the center of the arguments
- Orientation field is located.
- the signal strengths can be compared, wherein the group lying closer to the center has a greater signal strength or amplitude.
- Ratios of signal strengths of the orientation receive signals can be formed, this particularly relates to orientation receive signals from coils whose orientation direction is substantially perpendicular or at least 45 ° inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coil that generates the Orien ⁇ t istsfeld.
- the field components of the field orientation ⁇ for which such aligned are more sensitive than other field components more volatile than field components parallel to said longitudinal axis, in particular strongly vary the ratios of the distance to the center of the orientation field.
- the dependence between field strength of coils having at least 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the orientation-generating coil and the distance to the orientation-generating coil in particular local minima or maxima. In particular, the ratio depends on non-monotonic dependence on the distance.
- the progression of the signal strengths or the ratios can be determined as a function of the path or of the time, whereby this course can be compared with a predefined course (determined on the basis of the orientation field). If the comparison yields a high degree of correspondence at a certain coordinate, it is determined that the vehicle or the sensor coils are located at this coordinate.
- the signal strengths of the orientation receive signals may be used to determine distances or pitch lines to the respective coils.
- An image (such as a function or look-up table) that maps signal strengths to a distance or a distance line can be provided.
- the signal strengths are linked to the distances according to a monotonically decreasing function, ie, the greater the signal strength, the smaller the distance.
- a monotonically decreasing function ie, the greater the signal strength, the smaller the distance.
- the intersection identifies the origin of the Orien ⁇ t istsfelds. the relative position resulting from the coil cavities ⁇ relationship between any origin and position of the sensor.
- the provided at different locations coils are oriented differently or inclined to each other. Since each coil has an anisotropic (ie, from a Ku ⁇ gelstrahler different) directional characteristics, the Distance lines no circles, but have a predetermined course, approximately in the form of an eight. The directional characteristic is characterized by a high sensitivity in one
- Direction that corresponds approximately to the longitudinal direction of the coil, and by a decreasing sensitivity with increasing Win ⁇ kelabweichung to the longitudinal direction, for example, representable as a cosine function.
- the directional characteristic has a minimum of sensitivity in a direction corresponding to a transverse axis of the coil or in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. It results in the graphical representation of the directional characteristic of the shape of a figure eight with a constriction in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the coil.
- ⁇ field-received signal results in a large (maximum) distance in the longitudinal direction of the coil and a minimum distance perpendicular thereto with a course, as has been described for the directional characteristic.
- An image of the signal strength on the distance corresponds to this anisotropic directional characteristic.
- a plurality or all of the coils are directed to an area between the coils.
- at least two, preferably 3 or all coils are inclined to each other or mutually differently oriented.
- the longitudinal axes of more than two of these sensor coils do not intersect at the same point;
- the minimum distance between two points of intersection is un ⁇ ter Kunststoffmaschinemaschine Sensorspulentupel at least 10, 20, 50 or 100 cm.
- a plurality of coil groups (preferably 2, 3, 4 or more) may be provided at different positions.
- the coil groups each have different oriented sensor coils, preferably 3 differently oriented Sensor coils, which are in particular oriented substantially perpendicular to each other. It can be formed for several groups of the total signal strength value of all orientation received signals of all coils for the relevant group, such as by addition or magnitude of the relevant signal ⁇ strength values. As a magnitude formation, for example, the averaging He ⁇ refers to the square root of the squares of the individual arguments, said arguments represent the power or amplitude. From the total signal strength value, the total signal strength value is reduced to one by means of a predetermined mapping
- the mapping of the total signal strength to the distance is a one-dimensional function.
- the total signal strengths of different groups can be used to trigger ambiguities in the intersection of all the spacing lines of the groups.
- the individual signal strengths of the coils of each group are imaged by means of a mapping on a distance line (per group), which reproduces this anisotropic directivity. It becomes the intersection or several possible intersections of the spacing lines of the groups are formed.
- the total signal strengths for the respective groups may be formed, which are compared to obtain more positi ⁇ onsinformation, and to determine, in particular, from a plurality of points of intersection with the relevant intersection.
- the spatial course of the orientation field ie the course of the field lines
- the coordinates of the vector representing the orientation field can be detected at the location of the group.
- the orientation field is radially symmetric, but the measuring principles described are also applicable to unbalanced fields.
- the method is used in a region of the orientation field in which this in the Has substantially radial field lines that meet at a point. This point is the center (ie the origin) of the orientation field and usually the center of the coil that produces the orientation field.
- the direction of the orientation field detected by a group of coils corresponds to the direction in which the coil that generates the orientation field or in the direction in which the center of the coil or the center of the orientation field lies.
- This direction of three or four or even more groups of coils is detected, preferably, the groups present on under ⁇ different handy places.
- the position of the center of the orientation field or the position of the coil which generates the orientation field can be determined relative to the groups of coils .
- all the lines representing the respective directions of the groups and passing through the respective groups meet at the same point, this intersection representing the center of the orientation field or the center of the coil which produces the orientation field.
- the deviations of the orientation field of a radial field ⁇ be taken into account to correct the various directions that were determined by the individual groups.
- an orientation field course can be stored in which the direction and / or the strength of the orientation field are stored for a multiplicity of different points. As a result, the comparison of directions or strengths detected by the groups can be determined as the most probable relative position.
- the orientation information, the (spatial) gradient flows into the determination of the relative position.
- the triangulation may be by means of at least three sensors or sensor groups then carried out with one or two sensors or sensor groups at ⁇ play instead of the gradient and in particular modification of the (spatial) orientation of the field gradients is considered.
- the change in the gradient is considered to be the spherical derivative of the second order of the field according to the spatial directions (x / y / z) or the solid angle (ie, rho / theta).
- a stored (non-variable) orientation field ⁇ course can be used as a standard measure is compared with the only, or the deposited orientation field history can be stored variable to allow a correction that can be considered as a calibration. As a result, a calibration to individual orientation fields and / or sensor coils is possible.
- the orientation field is preferably detected with a plurality of sensor coils per group and with a plurality of groups that are located at different locations.
- the coils of each group can be designed in the same way, and differ only by their orientation.
- the coils may be wound around a core, the core in particular comprising a ferromagnetic material in order to increase the sensitivity of the coils. If they are different, the coils of one group with respect to Win ⁇ extension number, cross-sectional area, cross-sectional shape or acting for this coil permeability, the individual reception signals of the coils can be corrected so as that each coil with the same field strength produces the same Emp ⁇ fang signal.
- a shape-related (or material-related) anisotropy of the sensitivity of the coil be corrected by taking into account the different permeability numbers for the different directions.
- This can also compensate for anisotropies resulting from the shape of the core.
- the core may in particular be cubic or spherical.
- the core can also have a cylindrical shape or a cuboid shape, whereby the resulting different sensitivities of the differently oriented coils (ie the anisotropies resulting from the shape) can be compensated. It may be provided an illustration that this
- Anisotropie reproduces, and the signal strengths of the orientation received signals from distances or distance lines ⁇ forms.
- the received signals are attenuated, for example when the signal level of one or more received signals exceeds a certain value due to the approach of the relevant coil to the center of the orientation field.
- One or more attenuators can be provided with which the received signals (or total received signals) are attenuated.
- the attenuators are preferably adjustable.
- the damping is adjustable, preferably (continuously) switchable, in particular for all coils of a group of the same damping factor is provided.
- the damping may be in particular in two stages, wherein a first attenuation may be an analog attenuation that affects the delivered by the coil analog signal, while a downstream damping may be a Digi ⁇ taldämpfung, which relates to a digital signal by analog / digital Conversion of the muted analog
- the attenuation for the input coils may be different, these differences being taken into account in the detection of the direction based on the received signals of the coils.
- an attenuator or two (or more) attenuators may be provided for each orientation field received signal or for each overall received signal.
- Triangulation by evaluating the individual signal strengths for distance detection or by comparison with values representing the orientation field), at which location the center or another reference point of the orientation field is located. Therefore, it is first recorded where this reference point of the
- Orientation field is relative to the coils. Based on the local relationship between the reference point of the orientation field and coils or coil groups, the relative position between the receiving coil and the transmitter charging coil is then determined, taking into account the known spatial relationship between the sensor coils and the coil, which is seen for inductive excitation before ⁇ . Since it is known at which position, the coils are arranged, ie, the point at which the coils are arranged on the vehicle or on the ground, can be determined on the basis of the spatial relationship between the sensor coil and orientation field re ⁇ lativposition between receiving charging coil and transmitting charging coil readily.
- the relative position thus detected can be output as a signal, for example a signal which reproduces the relative position as coordinate values, preferably in digital form.
- This relative position can be displayed, for example, so that the driver is given the opportunity to position the vehicle correctly.
- the driver can be given the relative position, alternatively or in combination with directional information and / or path information indicating which direction the vehicle is to be positioned in order to arrange the transmission charging coil to the reception charging coil.
- the vehicle is automatically correctly positioned, the relative position being used as an input. is used control of a loop within which a movement (direction and / or distance) of the vehicle, the Sendeladespule or the reception charging coil is controlled.
- the reception charging coil may be aligned with the transmission charging coil by movement of the vehicle and / or by driving a positioning mechanism of the reception charging coil and / or the transmitting charging coil.
- a method for wireless charging of the vehicle includes the method for detecting the relative ⁇ position, as disclosed here.
- the vehicle, the receiving charging coil and / or the transmitting charging coil are aligned in accordance with a predetermined optimum relative position.
- the op ⁇ timale relative position corresponds to the position in which the receiving charging coil has an optimum coupling with the transmission charging coil.
- the optimum relative position between the reception charging coil and the transmitting charging coil is that in which the receiving charging coil and the transmitting charging coil are completely aligned with each other, for example, a position where these two coils are arranged along the same axis or where the distance between the receiving charging coil and the transmitting charging coil is minimum or where the received power is greatest.
- the relative position is determined repeatedly during the alignment, in particular by means of the method described here.
- the vehicle, the transmitting charging coil and / or the receiving charging coil can be aligned according to the optimum relative position.
- the two charging coils can be guided by means of a controllable positioning ⁇ mechanism to each other in the optimum relative position. Alignment may be in two steps that may overlap or be performed sequentially, with one of the steps involving aligning the vehicle and another step involving aligning at least one of the charging coils by the positioning mechanism.
- the method of wirelessly charging the vehicle further provides for electrical power via an alternating magnetic charging field from the transmitting charging coil to the receiving charging coil transfer. This is carried out in particular after the optimum relative position has been reached, wherein the charging field is preferably generated only when the optimum relative position is reached.
- the charging field has a significantly higher power or field strength than the orientation field, wherein the charging field can be stronger than the orientation field, for example by a factor of at least 10, 100, 1000 or 10000.
- provision may be made for the orientation field and the charging field to be generated by the transmission charging coil.
- generated prior to the transmission ⁇ charging coil preferably the orientation field at a first power level to the at least one provided for the inductive excitation coil (especially, the sensor coil) begins to detect the orientation field.
- the provided for the inductive excitation coil starts to detect the orientation field, where the reception signal provided for the inductive excitation coil has a Sig ⁇ nal / noise ratio which is above a predetermined level, or in which this reception signal over a hail ⁇ agreed level is.
- Orientation field generated and the coil, which receives the Orientie ⁇ tion field can be adjusted.
- the distance results directly from the relative position.
- the Leis ⁇ lighting level can be reduced with decreasing distance.
- the power is preferably kept constant in order to guarantee a high resolution close to the coil
- the power level of the orientation field is controlled by a control target, according to which the strength of the orientation receive signal, a combination of a plurality of orientation receive signals, or a Total orientation receive signal at a predetermined interval or at a predetermined target power value.
- orientation field can also be generated by another coil at the first power level.
- the charging field is generated by the transmitting charging coil at a second power level, which is above the first level, when the optimum relative position is reached by the alignment.
- the charging field is generated at the second power level when the transmitting charging coil is completely aligned with the receiving charging coil. In other words, the charging field is not generated until the alignment is completed.
- the power with which the orientation field is generated while the alignment is taking place is less than the first power level at which the orientation field is generated before the coil provided for inductive excitation has detected the orientation field.
- the first power level may be greater by a factor of at least 2, 5, 10 or 100 as the lower power at which the orientation field is generated during the alignment or after the start of detection of approximately Orientie ⁇ field.
- the orientation field can be generated with a larger spatial spread than the charging field.
- the orientation field can be generated by the same coil as the charging field.
- the larger spatial dispersion consists in ⁇ example by different positioning of the core or other magnetic body reach.
- the method may be carried out of the coil that is provided for the inductive excitation (by the orientation field) even with a large distance between the coil that generates the Orien ⁇ t istsfeld, and.
- a coil which receives the Orien ⁇ t istsfeld.
- one or more coils can receive the orientation field.
- Another aspect of the method described herein is foreign object detection. Foreign bodies can be detected by detecting the orientation field, since the orientation field is disturbed by foreign bodies, ie in particular magnetic foreign bodies.
- This disturbance can be detected from the orientation receive signal as described herein.
- foreign matter can be detected by means of the steps which are performed from ⁇ in the method for detecting the relative position, and in the context of the method for wireless charging.
- the coil provided for inductive excitation ie in particular the sensor coil, emits a signal, in particular the received signal, which is examined for discontinuities.
- Such discontinuities are, for example, local minima or maxima or, in general, deviations from an anticipated temporal or spatial distribution of the orientation field or of a signal that the orientation field or signal. the charging field reproduces.
- a local change in direction of the orientation field can be detected, which points to a foreign body.
- the detected relative position does not change according to the orientation of the vehicle, it may be considered that the cause thereof is a foreign matter that disturbs the orientation field.
- a course of the relative position over time or over the path can be created, since the direction and path of the alignment as well as the movement of the alignment are known.
- a deviation of the detected relative position with respect to this course which exceeds a predetermined minimum deviation limit value, it can thus be established that a foreign body is present.
- the detected orientation field can be compared with an expected orientation field, which is deposited, for example, whereby a foreign body is detected in the case of a deviation which is above a minimum deviation limit. The course of the
- Orientation field is detected here by means of one or more transmitting coils, which may in particular be spatially distributed, and which are thereby able to detect directions and strength of the orientation field at certain points. If the direction and / or the strength deviates more strongly than predetermined by a minimum deviation limit, then a
- the orientation direction of the field can be detected by means of distributed coil at a plurality of points, wherein in a radially symmetrical orientation aids the field directions t istsfeld in the absence of a foreign body ⁇ at substantially the same point show, namely the center of the orientation field.
- each coil or group may specify a direction in which the center of the orientation field is suspected. If these differ widely, that is a trailing deviation, which is above a minimum deviation limit, can also be concluded that a foreign body is present.
- the acquired distortion of Orien ⁇ t istsfeldes can be used to determine not only the presence of a foreign body, but also the position of at least approximately. Further, the distortion or Diskonti ⁇ nuticianen can be used to determine the size or type of the object.
- the sensor coils can be calibrated against each other, although a signal is issued that a foreign body would be present, but according to user input or input of an additional foreign body sensor is no foreign body.
- the sensor coils can be calibrated mutually, so that they have the same sensitivity. Furthermore, this can compensate for distortions in the orientation field, which are not caused by foreign bodies. If data is stored which characterizes a desired orientation field (or a desired reception signal) in order to detect foreign objects by comparison with measured reception signals, these data can be adapted to the detected distortions which are not caused by foreign bodies.
- an error in the determination of the relative position may be determined when, by user input or other external input (a additional position sensor, which may be, for example, by a camera, an ultrasonic sensor, a radar sensor or an optical position sensor ⁇ position) the actual relative ⁇ position is detected.
- the error results from comparing the user input or external input with the relative position detected by the method.
- the error is preferably taken into account when detecting the relative position in order to at least partially compensate for the error in the position detection.
- Discontinuity is thus understood to mean a temporal or spatial discontinuity resulting from distortions of the orientation field resulting from foreign bodies. These discontinuities are reflected in these deviate ⁇ tions or distortion again, so that the term “continuity discounting" can be used as equivalent.
- the method for detecting a relative position as well as the method for wireless charging of a vehicle can be carried out.
- a corresponding foreign body ⁇ signal can be output, particularly in the form of an electronic signal that can be displayed, for example, or may be communicated in other ways to the user.
- the signal may be used to control, for example, alignment or loading.
- the judge from ⁇ (the Sendel charging coil and / or the receiving charging coil) can be interrupted, for example when a detected foreign body or it may be the charging field be turned off.
- a further aspect is that the at least one coil provided for detecting the orientation field can also be used to detect the charging field, in particular outside the transmitting and receiving charging coil, in order to obtain a discontinuity as described above for the orientation field.
- multiple sensor coils may be used to receive the orientation field as described herein.
- orientation coils are used, in particular, to detect the charging field or its scattering around the transmitting and receiving coil during the charging process, in order to deduce whether a foreign body is present in the vicinity of the transmitting or receiving coil or not.
- those used to detect the sensor coils after the orientation field has been switched off and after the charging field has been switched on (or during the switching on of the charging field) are used to detect foreign objects on the basis of disturbances in the charging field.
- the sensor coils thus not only detect the orientation field, but also the charging field. In this case, it can be provided that during the detection of the La ⁇ defelds the sensor coils are attenuated, in particular are attenuated more than in the detection of the orientation field.
- the orientation field can be modulated with an identification signal.
- This Distinguishing ⁇ voltage signal is used in particular to identify the transmitting charging coil (and to distinguish from other transmitting charging coils under ⁇ ).
- the modulation of the orientation field can be used to transmit the detected relative position, one or more received signals that reproduce the orientation field or a foreign body detection signal. If a plurality of transmit charging coils are provided in the same space or at mutually-lying parking spaces, they are preferably modulated with different license plate signals. This makes it possible to distinguish different orientation fields that may overlap partially, and to carry out the method for detecting the relative position only by a specific, selected orientation field with a ⁇ be agreed flag signal.
- the flag signal may also transmit power data or charging modes by modulation, and further
- Indicator that reproduces a data transmission protocol which is used for further communication between the vehicle and the vehicle
- Emitter such as a near-field communication protocol, a cellular communications protected protocol, or a wireless transmission protocol.
- transmission protocol such as WLAN, DECT or Bluetooth (as described above be ⁇ written ).
- the license plate signal provider data ie a provider identification, a tariff or the like kenn ⁇ draw.
- the transmitting charging coil can for this purpose comprise a communication unit and / or a control ⁇ unit that processes such data and establishes the communication with the vehicle.
- the orientation field can, in particular, reproduce information about current operating states of the transmission coil (temperature, power, frequency or the like) or also data that serve for billing, such as the tariff or the provider.
- the indicator signal may be modulated on the orientation field on ⁇ by amplitude modulation, by Frequenzmo ⁇ dulation or by code division modulation, by ortho- gonales frequency division multiplexing as well as phase modulation.
- Frequency modulation is preferably used in which the center frequency of the main charging coil or the coil which generates the orientation field is used as the center frequency.
- the orientation field can be quenzkanal modulated on a different frequency than the main frequency (Mittelfre acid sequence) of the orientation field of the charging field.
- an orientation signal receiver which has a coil provided for inductive excitation.
- This coil is in the form of a vehicle-mounted or stationary sensor sorspule trained.
- the at least one sensor coil used in the orientation signal receiver can be designed, as the at least one sensor coil described here. Ins ⁇ particular can be provided more sensor coils, which have a different orientation and / or provided on un ⁇ ter Kunststoff places. In particular, differently oriented sensor coils can each be grouped in a group. The sensor coils of a group are preferably provided at the same location, while the groups of sensor coils are located at different locations.
- the at least one sensor coil can be provided on the vehicle side, in particular on the vehicle floor, or can be provided in a floor of a parking space, preferably in the vicinity of the transmission coil.
- the sensor coils are arranged around the transmitting coil or the transmitting coil is provided in an area between the sensor coils, preferably in the middle of the sensor coil groups, when the sensor coils are stationary (ie on or in the ground).
- the orientation signal receiver further comprises a Emp ⁇ catch means having an input connected to the sensor coil.
- the receiving device may further comprise an attenuator connected downstream of the input, which is preferably adjustable before ⁇ .
- the receiving device may further comprise an amplifier with a preferably adjustable Verstär ⁇ blocking factor which is connected downstream of the entrance, and in particular the damping engine.
- a preferably adjustable Verstär ⁇ blocking factor which is connected downstream of the entrance, and in particular the damping engine.
- Dämp ⁇ ment links in the receiving device, which are also preferably switchable.
- an attenuator can be provided that the input is connected directly downstream and the analog configured, while the receiving device further comprises a further attenuator ⁇ on that the first-mentioned attenuator is connected downstream, and which is adapted to attenuate signals according to digitally adjustable attenuation factors.
- the input is designed for the connection of at least one sensor coil, so that when several sensor coils of the input to Connection of several sensor coils is designed.
- the input can be multi-channel.
- the attenuation factor is either equal to, or the attenuation factor is adjusted to the sensitivity of the coils so that at different sensitive coils of the respective attenuation factor of the different sensitivity at least partially compensates.
- the orientation signal receiver is frequenzse ⁇ tively.
- the receiving device can be frequency-selective.
- the receiving device is also preferably be ⁇ staltet to received via the input, a guidance and receive signal from the at least one provided for the inductive excitation coil.
- This frequency selectivity makes it possible to block off alternating magnetic fields, which superimpose the respective orientation field as an interference signal.
- ⁇ means that also non-static magnetic fields, ie alternating fields can be blocked, otherwise the detection of Orientation field would interfere.
- at least one sensor coil for position detection or for correct alignment can be used without existing interference signals (especially outside the frequency of the orientation field or stationary magnetic fields) can interfere with this process.
- the orientation signal receiver has at least one Re ⁇ sonanz Vietnamese comprising the sensor coil as well as a thereon attached ⁇ connected capacitance.
- the capacitance connected thereto is in particular part of the frequency-selective receiving device, so that a sensor coil, which is connected to the capacitance via the input of the receiving device, forms a resonant circuit together with the capacitance.
- the capacitance and the sensor coil can in this case be connected in parallel or in series, wherein the resonant circuit is a series or Parallelreso ⁇ nanz Vietnamese, in the simplest case an LC resonant circuit.
- the resonant circuit has a center frequency corresponding prior ⁇ preferably the main frequency of the orientation field. In particular, preferably at least 10%, 20%, 50%, 80% or 90% of the power of the orientation field or the
- the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit substantially corresponds to the frequency of the orientation field. This is especially true for all sensor coils, in particular coils of the same group and / or the same orientation should have the same inductance. To compensate for variations in the inductance of each being closed ⁇ capacities may be different, so that in essentially the same resonant frequency. In particular, at least one of the capacities can be adjustable.
- the resonant circuit has in particular a quality of more than 100, more than 200 or more than 500.
- the resonant circuit is damped and has an attenuator, in particular in the form of a resistor.
- This resistance may provide ⁇ be signed attenuator herein because this resistance attenuates the receive signal in which it reduces the quality of the resonant circuit.
- the damping of the resonant circuit or the resistance can be adjustable here.
- the resistance can be switched in particular, is particularly large or sauce ⁇ (with parity rallelschwing Vietnameseen) when the sensor coil begins to detect the Orientie ⁇ approximately frame or before the orientation field is ever detected. For series resonant circuits, this applies to the conductance of resistance.
- the resistor can be switched on or reduced in order to dampen the resonant circuit in which the sensor coil is provided. (For series resonant circuits, this applies to the conductance of the resistor.)
- This allows the dynamics ⁇ area of the receiving device can be increased.
- all the sensor coils in particular the sensor coils of the same group or the sensor coils of the same orientation, are attenuated equally, so that a plurality of resistors may be provided for a plurality of sensor coils or for a multi-channel input of the receiver.
- the attenuation of the coils of the same orientation is the same, wherein the attenuation of coils of different orientation may be different, such as to have a desired (minimum) signal level for the coils of the same orientation.
- a resistor is seen before ⁇ , which selectively attenuates the resonant circuit.
- the resistor provided for damping is preferably switchable and / or adjustable, wherein in particular also digitally adjustable resistors or resistor networks can be used.
- the degree of attenuation is considered in order to be able to detect the actual thickness of approximately Orientie ⁇ field.
- a filter may be provided, in particular in the frequency-selective receiving device.
- the filter has a passband in which lies the orientation field which is set up to induce the orientation receive signal in the sensor coil. Preferably fall within the passband min ⁇ least 50, 80, 90 or 95% of the power of the orientation field.
- the pass band may be a narrow band when the Orien ⁇ t istsfeld substantially comprises only one frequency, in this case, the passage area preferably covers at least 95 or 99% of the spectrum of the orientation field.
- a low-pass filter or a high-pass filter can be provided, with which noise components can be separated from the useful signal provided by the orientation field.
- the passband of the filter can also be based on expected interference components to provide a passband blocking at least 50, 90 or 95% of the expected interference components.
- the filter can be a filter first, second or higher order, can be configured analog or digital, may be the ⁇ particular an RC element, or can be configured as a quartz oscillator or surface acoustic wave filters.
- the orientation signal receiver comprises at least one of these fre ⁇ quenzselektiven measures and preferably comprises several of these components in order to achieve the lowest possible content of interfering components.
- the orientation signal receiver comprises at least one of these fre ⁇ quenzselektiven measures and preferably comprises several of these components in order to achieve the lowest possible content of interfering components.
- the orientation signal receiver comprises at least one of these fre ⁇ quenzselektiven measures and preferably comprises several of these components in order to achieve the lowest possible content of interfering components.
- the orientation signal receiver comprises at least one of these fre ⁇ quenzselektiven measures and preferably comprises several of these components in order to achieve the lowest possible content of interfering components.
- the orientation signal receiver comprises at least one of these fr
- the receiving device can be one or more parts, preferably one channel is provided for each coil. Each channel comprises a resonant circuit and / or a filter, and optionally at least one attenuator.
- the channels are preferably constructed in the same manner (in terms of filters, resonant circuit and attenuator), but may be configured differently to produce different sensitivities of the coils to compensate kom ⁇ or intentionally. In particular, by anisotropies of the coil or the magnetic core around which the coil is wound, be compensated by different damping factors in the channels.
- the ratio of the Dämp ⁇ Fung factors of the channels or the ratio of the sensitivities however, the different channels or coils are preferably constant.
- the orientation signal receiver is preferably equipped with a plurality of sensor coils. These are inclined to ⁇ ordered or differently oriented. In particular, these can be arranged perpendicular to each other and thereby form a Cartesian coordinate system with orthogonal axes.
- the sensor coils are preferably configured identically and have the same sensitivity.
- the plurality of sensor coils preferably have the same number of turns, the same winding cross-sectional area, the same length and / or the same cross-sectional shape.
- different inductances or different sensitivity analyzes can tivi activities of the sensor coils by different damping factors ⁇ or different filters and resonant circuits will ⁇ least partially offset.
- the mutually inclined sensor coils are preferably provided at the same location.
- the sensor coils may be grouped provided, wherein in each group a plurality of sensor coils are provided which are inclined to each other (preferably 3 pieces which are orthogonal to each other), wherein the groups are arranged at different locations of the vehicle or the bottom of the parking space.
- the sensor coils may be grouped around the transmit coil or around the receive coil.
- Mutually inclined sensor coils, in particular a group can be carried by the same holder.
- mutually inclined sensor coils, in particular a group can be wound on the same magnetic core, which is in particular a ferrite core.
- the ferrite core may in this case in particular have a spherical or cube-shaped form, wherein in the case of cuboidal or elliptical cores, the resulting shape anisotropy can be compensated as previously noted.
- the centers of the mutually inclined sensor coils are preferably in the same space area, in particular a (imaginary) ball or a (imaginary) cube with a diameter or an edge length of not more than 10, 5 or 2 mm.
- the imaginary sphere or in the imaginary cube, in which the centers of the mutually inclined sensor coils are located preferably has a maximum dimension of not more than 30, 10, 5 or 2 percent of the maximum dimension of the sizes of the sensor coils.
- a receiving device as described here can be provided, to which the coils are connected.
- the groups can have a large distance from one another without long transmission lines for the received signal rendering the device susceptible to interference. Since each receiving device prepares the received signal of the sensor coils on ⁇ , there are thus less spurious components.
- the charging device further comprises a position calculation device, which is connected downstream of the orientation signal receiver.
- the positioning mechanism is set up, a relative position (generally in terms of a direction of a vector or a distance) between the vehicle and a fixed transmission charging coil based on the orientation of the receive signal receiving means to transmit it ⁇ .
- the position calculation device is set up to process the orientation received signal of the coils after their processing by the receiving device. Since it is the same information content, it is not decided between an orientation received signal which is applied directly to the coils, and an orientation received signal which is output from the receiving device, and which corresponds to a processed (filtered or attenuated) receive signal directly on the sensor coils.
- the loading device further comprises a Ausraumssignal- generator, which is the position calculator nachge ⁇ on.
- the alignment signal generator is configured to generate an alignment signal based on the relative position of the position calculation device.
- the alignment signal may be used in a passive or active manner. Therefore, the alignment signal generator may be configured to generate an alignment signal suitable for display by means of an optical, acoustic or haptic display. Alternatively or in combination therewith, the orientation signal generator may be configured to generate an off ⁇ direction signal, which is configured to control the Posi ⁇ tion istsmechanismus.
- the Po ⁇ sition istsmechanismus is equipped with an actuator of the Empfangsla ⁇ despule or the Sendeladespule, and is set up to move these coils relative to the vehicle (in the case of a mobile receiving charging coil) or the bottom of the parking space (in the case of a mobile Sendeladespule) ,
- Both the position calculation device and the alignment signal generator are preferably in the form of a
- the optical signal can in particular be indicated on a display, for example in the form of arrows or the like.
- This display can be part of the charger. Furthermore, can "
- acoustic or haptic transducers are used to represent the alignment signal, wherein the acoustic transducer can emit a sound signal or a voice signal and the haptic transducer acts in particular on the steering wheel and / or on the driving or brake pedal.
- the haptic converter can, for example, generate a counterforce if the driver steers in a direction that does not cause the transmitter charging coil to optimally align with the receiver charging coil.
- the inductive charging device may have a foreign body detection device.
- the foreign body detection device is set up to detect discontinuities in the orientation received signal of the receiving device.
- the foreign body detection device can have a memory in which the data are stored.
- Foreign body detection device having an input with which this path data and / or angle data (in general: movement ⁇ tion data) of the vehicle receives to determine the movement of the vehicle during the alignment can.
- a detection unit of the foreign body detection device determines which signals or which relative position are to be expected on the basis of this received data.
- a comparison device of the foreign body detection device determines whether the thus predicted data on the relative position or the field strength or field strengths of the orientation field coincides with the detected relative position or with the detected received signal, or if this results in deviations that are above a minimum deviation limit. If this is the case, then the foreign body detection device can determine that a foreign body is present. Based on the comparator device, the foreign body detection device is configured based on the Orientation received signal or on the basis of the detected Re ⁇ relative position to determine a deviation from a stored, undisturbed orientation field or against predicted relative positions or received signals.
- An error generator which is particularly connected to this comparison ⁇ device is designed to deliver a fault condition signal when these discontinuities are ⁇ .
- the fault generator may be configured to merely indicate that a foreign object has been detected, or may be configured to emit a signal that characterizes the foreign body, such as its size.
- the soupge ⁇ erator in this case comprises a mapping that associates the result signal of said comparing means a characteristic of the foreign body (size and type).
- the error generator can also be oriented ⁇ staltet, not only dispense the presence of a foreign body in the form of a signal, but also its position. For this purpose, the error generator can be connected to the position calculation device and / or can have an image which associates the detected discontinuity with a location at which it occurs.
- the fault generator may be followed by a display or an acoustic transducer, which displays the error signal to the user, or it may also be a control unit of the Sendeladepule downstream, the at
- Reception of a fault condition signal reduces the charging power or stops charging or breaks off the power supply to the Sendeladepule.
- FIGS. 1-3 each show an orientation field
- Figure 6 shows an exemplary block diagram for explaining embodiments of an orientation signal receiver and an inductive charging device. Detailed description of the figures
- FIG. 1 shows an orientation field 100 that is generated by a coil 110.
- the coil 110 is a stationary transmission charging coil, but may also be a vehicle-side reception charging coil which is supplied with a corresponding current signal by which the orientation field is generated.
- on-vehicle sensor coils 122a to 126c are provided ⁇ . If the coil 110 is provided as a vehicle-side receiving charging coil, the sensor coils 122a to 126c are stationary.
- the orientation field 100 emanating from the coil 110 is a radially extending field and is in particular radially symmetrical, wherein in FIG. 1 (as well as in FIGS. 2 and 3) the orientation field 100 is illustrated only on the basis of the field components which are shown in FIG Drawing plane.
- the coil 110 is located in the center of a coordinate system, which are denoted by x, y and z. From this origin, at least in the x / y plane, the field lines radiate (ie radially) and extend radially away from this origin. The origin corresponds to the center of the coil 110.
- the coils 122a-126c are grouped into groups 128a-c. Each group 128a-c comprises a coil 122a, b, c, which is aligned in the y-direction, a coil 124a, b, c, which is aligned in the z-direction, and a coil 126a, b, c, which in x-direction. direction is aligned.
- each group is oriented differently to each other, so that the field direction can be spatially determined.
- the field strengths of the coils of this group are set in relation to one another, so that a direction Ra, Rb, Rc is determined by each group.
- FIG. 1 shows the simplified case of a two-dimensional positioning detection, such that each group 128a-c must also have only two differently oriented coils whose orientation directions are preferably not at a 90 ° angle to the plane in which the direction is calculated.
- coils 122a-c and 126a-c may be used to determine the direction Ra-Rc (in the xy plane).
- the directions against in this case a saudi ⁇ mensional direction again. Due to the radial extent of the orientation field, all directions Ra - Rc point into the center of the coil 110, so that the intersection point is formed from two (or preferably three) directions.
- the point of intersection is formed, in each case starting from the position of a coil group on the vehicle 120, and starting from this starting position, the direction Ra - Rc is further tracked. If, as shown in FIG. 1, the number of sensor groups is greater than the dimension of the positioning (ie the dimension of the direction or the relative position), then the dimension of the positioning (ie the dimension of the direction or the relative position).
- the position of the origin of the orientation field may be determined as a point between the intersections. If there are very different intersections that are different from ⁇ special by more than a predetermined minimum distance from one another ⁇ , it can be assumed that a field distortion caused by a foreign body. In this case, an error signal indicating the presence of a foreign object in the orientation field can be output.
- the particular forms the basis for a diagnosis, that is a constitutional He ⁇ whether a foreign body is present or not.
- Another advantage of having 4 instead of 3 sensors is that you get the 3 "best" Sensors (ie with the best signal / noise ratio) can acti ⁇ desen (or their signal can use), depending on whether the vehicle drove forward or backward to the orientation coil
- Each coil group 128a-c does not only output one direction Ra-Rc each.
- Rai and Ra2 are in this case mirrored on the x-axis, since only the angle between x and y can be measured but not their sign.
- the measurement results are not vectors, but straight, one Pfeildar ⁇ position was chosen for clarity in the figures. Thus, each sensor 2 has different lines. If you take only 2 sensors, you get 2
- directions can be determined by means of the sensor groups, which can be represented as Ra'-Rc '(dashed arrows of the same length as Ra-Rc), since the directions are determined with an ambiguity of 90 ° or 180 °.
- the sensor groups which can be represented as Ra'-Rc '(dashed arrows of the same length as Ra-Rc), since the directions are determined with an ambiguity of 90 ° or 180 °.
- the variation of the orientation field receive signal of the coils 124a-c (which are aligned parallel to the coil 110) with the distance to the origin of the orientation field may be used for further orientation due to the dependence on the distance to the center of the coil 110.
- the orientation receive signals of these coils like the other coils, may be used to detect the relative position, or may be used to resolve ambiguities in determining relative positions for which the other coils (ie coils not parallel to the coil 110) are used.
- this orientation receive signal of the coils 124a, b, c, due to the known course of the orientation field is also known, this can be compared with determined courses of the coils 124a-c, so as to the relative position or at least to a distance to be able to conclude the center of the coil 110.
- FIG. 2 shows an orientation field 200 which corresponds to the orientation field 100. This is generated by a coil 210, which also corresponds to the coil 110.
- the Spu ⁇ len succession 228a - c correspond structurally the coil groups 128a - c, but with to better illustrate the position of the positions of the sensor coil groups 128a - c different.
- Each coil group 228a-c has at least two, but preferably three sensor coils, which are oriented differently. 2, based on a total signal strength of each group 228a-c, the distance of the center of the coil to the respective group 228a-c is calculated. Due to the spacing lines can be created (in the case of three-dimensional Real ⁇ tivposition) (in case of two-dimensional relative position) or surfaces along which the center of the coil 210 is to be expected. At the center of each of these lines or surfaces is a coil group.
- the total signal strength is shown by a bar 230a-c.
- the longer the bar the greater the Sig ⁇ nalgate, wherein it can be seen in Figure 2, that the signal strength 230a - c falls off with increasing distance from the center of the coil 210th
- the coil group 228c is closest to the center of the coil 110, and therefore, their total signal strength 230c is greater than the total signal strength 230b, which in turn is greater than the total signal strength 230a originating from the farthest group 228a.
- closed line shapes deviate from the circles, whereby these closed lines can also be cut with one another as described above, taking into account the orientation of the coil group relative to the vehicle.
- the total distance is formed approximately as the sum of all field strengths of all coils of a group. Since the field strength is uniquely linked to the strength of the orientation receive signal, these two terms are equivalent to each other.
- non-closed lines are used, but closed surfaces consisting of points to which the same (total) signal strength is assigned. These areas can be referred to as iso-signal strength areas.
- the lines may be referred to as iso-signal strength lines. These areas or lines are merely graphical representation and may be represented as an equation system also within Be ⁇ calculation methods. Instead of total signal strengths of a coil group, signal strengths of a sensor coil can also be used.
- FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the position determination, wherein three different coils are used, which are present at three different locations.
- the magnitude of the orientation-received signal in such a constellation depends not only on the direction but also on the distance, so that upon receiving a certain strength of an orientation-received signal by one of the coils 329a-c via a predetermined image, the directional characteristic as ⁇ turns, can be determined on which line is the center of the coil.
- the coil 229c is closest to the center of the coil 310, which generates the orientation field 300. Due to the high signal strength (compared to the other coils), it follows that the distance between coil 329c and center must be particularly small.
- the eight-shaped line along which the center of the Orien ⁇ t istsfelds 300 is expected to stretch in terms of their size ER or in terms of their surface the greater the lower the strength of the orientation of the received signal is relevant coil.
- This relationship can be predetermined, for example in the form of a simplified approximation of a quadratic decrease of the signal strength with the distance or in the form of other approximations or images.
- FIG. 3 also shows intersections which can be evaluated as illustrated with reference to FIG.
- the intersections of a residual combination of two lines are formed which is closest to the intersection of another combination of lines.
- the center of the orientation field 300 lies.
- the center of the field is determined and detected as the center of the orientation field. Due to the known ⁇ a comprehensive relationship between the coils (or between the coil groups of Figures 1 and 2) the relative position can be determined of the vehicle or the receiving charging coil of the vehicle at the center.
- Figures 1-3 describe the coils that receive the Orien ⁇ t istsfeld, as sensor coils.
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary arrangement of a group of coils 422-426.
- the coils 422-426 are oriented differently, wherein FIG. 4 shows an arrangement in which the coils 422-426 are each perpendicular to one another. Furthermore, it can be seen that the coils are arranged substantially without distance from one another and that their longitudinal axes intersect at a point (or in a small area).
- the coils shown in Figure 4 are cylindrical and in particular have the same number of turns and the same size.
- the coils each have a group to each other prior ⁇ preferably an angle with a magnitude of at least 45 °, preferably at an amount of at least 60 °, 70 ° or 85 °.
- FIG. 5 shows a further group of sensor coils, which are wound around a common core 530.
- the core 530 is cube-shaped, with the coils each extending over the edge centers.
- a first coil 522 is oriented upwardly or downwardly, comparable to the coil 422 of FIG. 4.
- a second coil 524 is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
- a third coil 526 is aligned in the left-right direction, corresponding to the coil 426 of FIG. 4.
- the coils 522-526 preferably have the same number of turns. Due to the cube shape of the core 530, the coils 522 - 526 also have the same dimensions or the same cross section or
- the length of the coils is preferably the same.
- a further embodiment is a coil (for example, a Wür ⁇ felförmige 3D coil) about which a further inclined to the individual coil planes similar Cubic 3D coil is wound. This would give you a clear direction Ra ... Rc and could therefore save sensors compared to a simple 3D coil.
- FIG. 6 shows orientation coils 10, which are connected to the receiving device 2 via an input 11 of a receiving device 2.
- the receiving device 2 forms together with the coils 10 an orientation signal receiver 4.
- Die Receiving device 2 comprises for each coil 10, a capacitor 12 which is connected in parallel to the input 11 and thus also parallel to the respective coil 10. Reso ⁇ nanz Vietnamese (which are also called oscillating circuits) result, each of a coil 10 and a connected thereto
- Capacity 12 (12a-c) are formed.
- Orientation received signals E (Ea-c), which are further processed in the receiving device 2 are generated by the coils 10 (10a-c) or the resulting resonant circuits.
- a channel is provided for each orientation receive signal in which the respective orientation receive signal is processed, wherein for ease of illustration in Figure 6, only a single channel is exemplified for all channels of the orientation receive signals E. This simplified notation is indicated by a double line crossing the channel shown ("data bus representation").
- the receiving device comprises an attenuator 20 and a further attenuator 22, which are each adjustable, and between which an amplifier 24 is located. Also the
- Amplifier 24 may be adjustable. Preferably, only one amplifier 20 upstream of the amplifier 24 is provided when the amplifier 24 itself is adjustable in gain.
- additional filters 14 may be provided, in front of the attenuator 20, which is located in front of the amplifier 24, between the attenuator 20 and the amplifier 24 and / or between the amplifier 24 and the attenuator 22, which is connected downstream of the amplifier 24.
- the attenuator 20 which is connected upstream of the amplifier 24, is provided by a resistor which attenuates the respective resonant circuit comprising the coil 10 and the capacitor 12.
- the resistance can be be connected as a series resistor or can be connected as a parallel ⁇ resistance (as shown).
- the resistor is in particular switchable (ie bridgeable or decoupled) or is discrete-value or continuous value adjustable.
- the amplifier 24 upstream attenuator 20 is set such that the maximum signal strength of Ver ⁇ amplifier 24 is not exceeded. Instead of the amplifier 24 may also be provided an analog / digital converter (whose sensitivity is constant or can be set). Furthermore, the amplifier 22 or the transducer 24 nachge ⁇ switched attenuator 22 may be an electronic attenuator or a switchable resistor network, in which the attenuation can be set as a discrete attenuation.
- a position calculating device Downstream of the receiving device 4 is a position calculating device, in which the position of the coils 10 with each other, d. H. the spatial relationship between the coils 10 to each other, is stored, in particular in a memory 32. Further, in the position calculation means 30 a
- a unit 36 for establishing the intersection or for selecting the correct intersection point may be provided in order to determine the center of the orientation field as described above.
- the positive onsbeticians worn 30 includes a direction detection unit 34, the orientation reception signals is provided by the groups provided ⁇ coils relation to each other to indicate a direction for each group.
- a memory 32 in this case the spatial relationships between the groups of coils are stored (as a look-up table, function, function parameters or the like), so that a combination device 36 can be formed from the positions of the individual groups on the basis of the directions of the unit 34, the line, wherein the unit 36 is also arranged to one
- Intersection is delivered to the output 38 for dispensing the relative ⁇ position.
- the output 38 may be followed by a display 40, in particular an optical or graphical display, to represent the relative position of the vehicle to the center of the orientation field.
- FIG. 6 shows a positioning mechanism 50 or a steering and / or longitudinal control 52 of the vehicle.
- the positioning mechanism 50 With the positioning mechanism 50, the transmitting coil or Emp ⁇ catch coil is aligned.
- the vehicle itself and hence also the Empfangsla ⁇ despule can be aligned to the transmission charging coil by means of the (active) and the longitudinal steering controller 52 of the vehicle.
- FIG. 6 also shows a foreign body detection device 60, which also receives data from the receiving device 4.
- These orientation receiving signals which are transmitted from the receiving device to the foreign object detecting device 60, are supplied to a comparator 62.
- the comparator 62 is further supplied with a field course 64 stored in a memory, so that the comparator 62 can compare the field profile 64 as desired field progression with the orientation receive signal which reproduces the currently detected field. There is a difference (ie, a distortion of the orientation field) that is above a predetermined minimum limit, is given a corresponding signal at Def ⁇ lersignalausgang 66th Since the comparator 62 outputs the error signal, this can also be referred to as an error generator.
- a movement detection device 70 of the vehicle can in this case deliver data to the foreign object detection device, which reproduces the longitudinal movement and / or the direction of movement of the vehicle.
- This information can be used in the foreign body detection device 60 in order to be able to determine from the stored field profile 64 how the orientation reception signals should develop according to the movement of the vehicle in order to be able to compare this development with the actual orientation reception signals.
- a control of the charging field 80 is provided, which may be connected downstream of the error signal output 66 of the foreign body detection device 60. Is of the FremdMecherfas ⁇ sungs owned 60 an error signal on the error signal output 66 is delivered, thereby the controller 80 is made to the
- the coil that generates the orientation field can also be reduced in power or can be turned off. Therefore, results from the foreign body, a distortion of the guide box or the charging field, this can be determined by comparing the actually detected orientation reception ⁇ signals over a desired field profile 64 which also (as a set of desired orientation reception signals or as Target orientation receive signal) may be provided. By comparing these data, it is possible to determine whether the orientation field or charging field is distorted, in order to then issue the charging field via the controller 80 in the case of a foreign body determined as a result. As an alternative to the foregoing description of the controller 80, the controller 80 may also be the control of the orientation field so that the generation of the orientation field is aborted when an error signal indicative of a foreign object is delivered at the error signal output.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013227129.8A DE102013227129B4 (de) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Verfahren zur Erfassung einer Relativposition, Verfahren zum kabellosen Laden eines Fahrzeugs, Orientierungssignalempfänger und induktive Ladevorrichtung |
| PCT/EP2014/077460 WO2015096997A1 (de) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-11 | Verfahren zur erfassung einer relativposition, verfahren zum kabellosen laden eines fahrzeugs, orientierungssignalempfänger und induktive ladevorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3086976A1 true EP3086976A1 (de) | 2016-11-02 |
Family
ID=52273091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14821094.1A Withdrawn EP3086976A1 (de) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-11 | Verfahren zur erfassung einer relativposition, verfahren zum kabellosen laden eines fahrzeugs, orientierungssignalempfänger und induktive ladevorrichtung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10023059B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3086976A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN105830307B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102013227129B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015096997A1 (de) |
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| DE102013227129B4 (de) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-01-14 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erfassung einer Relativposition, Verfahren zum kabellosen Laden eines Fahrzeugs, Orientierungssignalempfänger und induktive Ladevorrichtung |
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| US20160318413A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| CN105830307B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
| US10023059B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
| DE102013227129A1 (de) | 2015-06-25 |
| CN105830307A (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
| WO2015096997A1 (de) | 2015-07-02 |
| DE102013227129B4 (de) | 2016-01-14 |
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