EP3094480B1 - Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3094480B1
EP3094480B1 EP15701709.6A EP15701709A EP3094480B1 EP 3094480 B1 EP3094480 B1 EP 3094480B1 EP 15701709 A EP15701709 A EP 15701709A EP 3094480 B1 EP3094480 B1 EP 3094480B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
piston
cylinder
cylinders
pressure pulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP15701709.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3094480A1 (fr
EP3094480C0 (fr
Inventor
Harald Winkler
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Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH
Original Assignee
Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE202014000162.6U external-priority patent/DE202014000162U1/de
Priority claimed from DE202014000704.7U external-priority patent/DE202014000704U1/de
Application filed by Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH filed Critical Winkler Maschinen-Bau GmbH
Publication of EP3094480A1 publication Critical patent/EP3094480A1/fr
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Publication of EP3094480C0 publication Critical patent/EP3094480C0/fr
Publication of EP3094480B1 publication Critical patent/EP3094480B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/007—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for compacting, in particular for harmonic compaction, of mineral mixtures, such as. B. concrete mixtures, in the production of concrete goods of all kinds, such as artificial stones, concrete beams and the like. Or for deep-drawing sheet metal or plastic blanks, in particular sheet metal plates, plastic plates or the like.
  • Concrete goods are, for example, artificial stones for interlocking paving stones, curbs and bricks, etc.
  • shaped elements which include a workpiece carrier, which is also called a production pallet or just a pallet, and a mold frame placed on the workpiece carrier.
  • the mold frame usually has several mold cavities and is open at the top and bottom—in the event that the mold frame is not placed on a workpiece carrier.
  • Concrete or a concrete mixture i.e. a mixture with one or more different binding agents, such as e.g. B. cement, and sand, gravel and / or other additives, which is liquefied by a liquid filled.
  • the concrete mixture is then compacted in the mold frame so that the concrete product can be completed as quickly as possible, particularly in the case of large-scale industrial production.
  • So-called impact impact compaction devices are usually known for compaction, in which an impact element is set in motion by a motor-driven imbalance shaft, which as a result impacts the workpiece carrier from below with impact impacts, so that the shaped element is impacted by the force and/or power of the motor and by gravity is moved down again, resulting in a jarring movement. Shaking the form element back and forth leads to the organization of the sand or gravel structure, i.e. the grains of different sizes, in the concrete mixture, so that air and liquid inclusions in the concrete mixture are pushed to the outside.
  • the mold frame of the mold element can be removed from the product made from the mixture and the workpiece carrier.
  • the compacted concrete mixture i.e. the product, already independently retains its essentially final shape as a result of the compaction.
  • the compacted concrete mixture i.e. the product, is then fully cured by being placed on the workpiece carrier.
  • a further disadvantage of this known impact compaction device is that the impacts under the workpiece carrier and the workpiece carrier falling down after it has been lifted cause severe vibrations in the machine frame, which are also transmitted to the environment or surroundings.
  • these vibrations generate very loud noises, so that such devices, in order to be operated at all, have to be used in specially soundproofed machine halls.
  • the energy with which the vibrations and the noise are generated is lost in the compaction performance.
  • the vibrations in the machine frame also lead to high wear and tear on the device and the entire machine system.
  • a device is off PCT/EP2006/005920 , as WO 2007/147422 A1 is known, in which compaction of the concrete mix is carried out with hydraulic cylinders instead of with an impact compaction system. Furthermore, this document discloses the preamble of claim 1.
  • the device therefore carries out the up and down movements of the mold element with hydraulic cylinders.
  • devices of this type require expensive braking devices in order to generate a counterforce during compaction on the concrete mixture in the mold element.
  • special hydraulic hoses must be used for the device in order to be able to hold the high hydraulic fluid pressures and to ensure reliable functioning of the device. These hydraulic hoses are very expensive and have to be replaced frequently in order to ensure the reliable functioning of the device.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to address the problems mentioned, in particular to direct the compaction energy into the product in a targeted manner and, if possible, to increase the product quality, to reduce the vibrations and volume emitted into the environment and, in particular, to reduce the costs of the device with the same or increased product quality, in particular by reducing the maintenance costs to reduce.
  • an alternative to the previous solutions should be found.
  • the solution of the present invention is achieved by a device for compacting, in particular for harmonious compacting, of mineral mixtures, in particular concrete mixtures in the production of concrete products, or for deep drawing, in particular of sheet metal or plastic plates, according to claim 1 and a method for this according to claim 15 solved.
  • the device according to the invention has a machine frame, a machine head and a machine table, the machine head and the machine table being connected to one another by at least two side elements. Furthermore, the device has a first piston-cylinder arrangement which is connected to the machine table.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement is designed in such a way that lifting and lowering forces are exerted on a shaped element that can be filled with a mineral mixture, in particular a concrete mixture.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement serves to exert lifting and lowering forces on a shaped element on which a sheet metal or plastic blank, in particular a sheet metal or plastic plate, can be placed.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement is thus designed in such a way to accommodate a mold element and to move this mold element relative to the machine table.
  • the lifting and lowering forces can be exerted on the mold element in such a way that the mold element can be raised and made to vibrate.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement it is therefore possible to raise or lower the shaped element while at the same time vibrating it.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement can also be used to allow the shaped element to vibrate without raising and lowering it.
  • the device has a second piston-cylinder arrangement which is connected to the machine head.
  • the second piston-cylinder assembly is designed to move a punch, which can be received by the second piston-cylinder assembly, relative to the machine head back and forth, in such a way that the punch enter the mold element and with a Holding power can be maintained, which is equal to or greater than the maximum lifting capacity of the first piston-cylinder assembly.
  • the shaped element which can be arranged on the first piston-cylinder arrangement, is filled with mineral mixture, in particular concrete mixture, and then a stamp is inserted into the shaped element by means of the second piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the stamp which is received by the second piston-cylinder assembly, is then held with a holding force so rigid that rapid up and down movements, superimposed by a linear upward movement in the direction of the stamp, the first piston-cylinder assembly to a vibration and lifting of the form element, which compacts the mineral mix or concrete mix.
  • a controlled up and down movement or a controlled determination of the vertical position of the shaped element is thus possible with the first piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • a sheet metal or plastic blank is placed on the mold frame.
  • lifting and vibrating the mold frame results in deep-drawing of the blank by the punch entering the mold element.
  • the machine table of the device consists of a cast material, such as cast iron. Furthermore, the machine table has at least one pressure channel running in its interior.
  • the pressure duct has pressure duct connections which lead to the outside of the machine table, ie connect the outside of the machine table to the inside of the machine table, namely the pressure duct running inside the machine table.
  • the cast-iron machine table is easy to manufacture and has a large mass, so that the device stands securely - even during the compaction process.
  • the pressure channel(s) running in the machine table can easily be introduced into the cast material - already during production. For this purpose, either templates are possible during casting or such channels are drilled after casting.
  • the first piston-cylinder arrangement has one or more hydraulic cylinders, which are referred to below as the vibrating unit.
  • the hydraulic cylinders of the vibro unit correspond, for example, to plunger cylinders.
  • the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders of the vibrating unit each have at least one pressure connection which is connected directly to one of the pressure channel connections of the machine table.
  • the direct connection of the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit to the pressure channels means that no additional pressure lines to the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit are required, which could burst or be damaged when the lifting and/or lowering forces are exerted on the shaped element.
  • the vibrating unit has, for example, several hydraulic cylinders arranged next to one another and in rows one behind the other. In principle, the number of cylinders arranged next to one another and one behind the other can be selected as desired. As a result, an essentially homogeneous compaction of the mineral mixture is possible even with very large shaped elements.
  • one end of the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit is embedded in form-fitting openings, e.g. in bores in the machine table, each with the diameter of one of the cylinders.
  • the cylinders At one end, which is let into the machine table, the cylinders have a pressure connection in the form of an opening in the cylinder.
  • a pressure channel connection Opposite the position of the pressure connection of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit inserted into the machine table, there is a pressure channel connection on the side of the machine table in the form of a simple opening to the pressure channel.
  • the openings to the pressure channel and the cylinder i.e.
  • the pressure channel connection and the pressure connection of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit are connected to one another with or without a seal, e.g. a copper seal or a copper ring. So that the cylinder stays in the bore, the cylinder of the pressure cylinder is connected to the machine table outside of the bore by screwing, for example, with a flange attached to the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit. Allowing and fastening the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit in a hole in the machine table ensures that the hydraulic cylinder can be held securely in its alignment by lateral forces acting on the hydraulic cylinder.
  • a seal e.g. a copper seal or a copper ring.
  • the device has several hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit, which are arranged parallel to one another in order to generate a movement in the same direction.
  • a vertical movement of the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit at least when used as intended, generated.
  • the device has one or more pressure pulse generators.
  • the pressure pulse generator or generators serve to generate a variable, in particular sinusoidal, hydraulic fluid volume flow.
  • the hydraulic fluid e.g. in the pressure channel
  • the hydraulic fluid flowing back and forth is then fed directly into the chambers of the cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, e.g.
  • Forwarded here means that the hydraulic fluid can escape through a volume flow in the direction of the cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement into the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit and the pistons are thus extended and, by the weight of the, in particular filled, mold element with a volume flow in the direction of the Pressure pulse generator the pistons are retracted again.
  • the amplitudes of the hydraulic fluid volume flow can be varied by using two or more pressure pulse generators, which are connected to the pressure channel separately, for example, in particular in the manner of a parallel connection.
  • this formulation includes the possibility of a strictly sinusoidal (chronological) course of the hydraulic fluid volume flow, but basically a course of the hydraulic fluid volume flow is meant that alternates and outflowing or flowing of the hydraulic fluid in the pressure channel.
  • the device therefore has a closed pressure system—with the components connected to the pressure channel connections and the pressure channel itself.
  • the hydraulic cylinders or plunger cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement are essentially aligned in the vertical position and are connected to the pressure channel via the pressure channel connections.
  • a weight force acts on the hydraulic cylinders or plunger cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, for example due to the shaped element, in particular when it is filled, and/or its own weight in the rest state, which generates a substantially constant hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure channel.
  • hydraulic fluid is alternately pressed into and out of the pressure channel with the pressure pulse generator by a volume change in the cylinder of the pressure pulse generator, which is essentially sinusoidal.
  • a sinusoidal volume flow of the hydraulic fluid is thus generated in the pressure channel.
  • hydraulic fluid flows alternately into the hydraulic cylinders or plunger cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, so that they extend, and out of the hydraulic cylinders or plunger cylinders so that they retract again.
  • the pressure pulse generator or each of the pressure pulse generators has a cylinder and a piston running in the cylinder, so that a chamber in the cylinder is enlarged or reduced by the piston when the piston moves.
  • the piston is moved back and forth in a sinusoidal manner.
  • the piston thus generates a sinusoidal change in volume in the chamber, which results in a sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow, for example in the connected pressure channel.
  • the piston is moved back and forth, for example with a controllable and/or adjustable frequency, for example of more than 10 Hz.
  • the frequency can be varied during the compression process, for example.
  • a sinusoidal volume change and the associated hydraulic fluid volume flow can thus be generated in a simple manner with the pressure pulse generator.
  • the cylinder and the piston of the pressure pulse generator correspond to a plunger cylinder, for example.
  • the pressure pulse generator has a drive.
  • each pressure pulse generator has its own drive or all or several pressure pulse generators have a common drive.
  • the device has a crankshaft or an eccentric for the or each of the pressure pulse generators.
  • the drive or drives is or are driven, for example, by one or more electric motors.
  • the eccentric or the crankshaft is driven by the drive or the drives in such a way that the eccentric or the crankshaft moves the piston or pistons of the pressure pulse generator or generators back and forth.
  • By turning the eccentric or the crankshaft the movement of the eccentric or the crankshaft is transmitted directly or indirectly to the piston or pistons.
  • a drive of the piston(s) of the pressure pulse generator(s) is thus possible in a simple manner, the frequency of the movement being precisely controllable or adjustable by adjusting the speed or rotational speed of the drive or drives.
  • the device has at least two pressure pulse generators with a common drive.
  • the pressure pulse generators have either a common crankshaft or an eccentric driven by a drive shaft through the common drive.
  • the piston of a pressure pulse generator also has an actuating device, in particular an actuating drive, so that the back and/or reciprocating movement of the piston can be restricted.
  • the maximum deflection of the piston is thus limited by the adjusting device at least in one direction of the possible directions of movement of the piston.
  • a simple variation of the amplitude of the profile of the hydraulic fluid volume flow is possible with this exemplary embodiment.
  • the pistons are pushed in the pressure channel by the counter-pressure exerted by the first piston-cylinder arrangement moves back again as soon as a further rotating crankshaft or eccentric allows the pistons to do so.
  • this return movement can be limited by the adjusting device at least for one of the pistons of one of the pressure pulse generators.
  • the maximum total volume of the two cylinder chambers can thus be adjusted by means of the adjusting device, as a result of which the amplitude of the hydraulic fluid volume flow can be adjusted.
  • the device has at least two pressure pulse generators, each with its own drive.
  • the device also has a controller.
  • the controller is used to control the drives.
  • the speeds, i.e. the rotational frequency, of the drives can be set separately or synchronously.
  • the difference in the angle of rotation ie the phase shift or the difference in the angle of rotation of the two drives, can be adjusted as specified.
  • the advantage of the control and thus e.g. the adjustable and thus also variable angle of rotation difference is that the change over time in the total volume of the cylinder chambers of the pressure pulse generators can be adjusted and varied in such a way that the amplitude of the hydraulic fluid volume flow can be adjusted as a result.
  • the "strength" or the amplitude of the vibration can thus be varied.
  • the pressure pulse generator or the pressure pulse generators each have at least one pressure pulse generator connection.
  • the pressure pulse generator connection is direct to one of the pressure channel connections of the channel of the machine table, for example via a seal, in particular a copper seal or a copper ring.
  • the pressure pulse generator connected to the machine table is designed in such a way as to generate a hydraulic fluid volume flow that changes over time in the pressure channel of the machine table.
  • a hydraulic fluid is therefore moved back and forth in the pressure channel with the pressure pulse generator, e.g. in the form of a sine curve.
  • This hydraulic fluid volume flow is passed on via the pressure channel directly into the chambers of the cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement, e.g. the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit, so that a mold element can be made to vibrate.
  • the pressure pulse generator connection By directly connecting the pressure pulse generator connection to one of the pressure channel connections of the machine table and the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit, which are directly connected to the pressure channel, the hydraulic fluid volume flow generated by the pressure pulse generator is fed into the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit with almost no losses. There is no wear and tear on pressure lines due to particularly high hydraulic fluid pressure values due to the direct pressure connection. The replacement of pressure lines during maintenance or in the event of damage is therefore no longer necessary.
  • the device has a parallel circuit consisting of a non-return valve and a shut-off valve.
  • the parallel connection of the check valve and the shut-off valve is connected directly to a pressure channel connection of the pressure channel.
  • the device has a check valve and a shut-off valve, each of which is directly connected to a pressure channel connection of the pressure channel. Thanks to the direct connection of the parallel connection or the non-return valve and the shut-off valve to the pressure channel, access to the pressure channel is ensured in order to allow an increase and/or decrease, in particular a linear increase and/or decrease, of the quantity of hydraulic fluid in the pressure channel, while the hydraulic fluid volume flow is additionally one Sinusoid generated by the pressure pulse generator can follow.
  • the vibrating of the form element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement or the hydraulic cylinder of the vibrating unit is therefore possible with the sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow, with a simultaneous lifting or lowering of the form element during the vibration with the check valve and the shut-off valve is possible.
  • the device has a pressure volume source and a return tank.
  • the pressure volume source is via a pressure line connected to the non-return valve and the return tank is connected to the shut-off valve via a line, eg a pressure line. It is therefore possible to raise or raise the mold element with the first piston-cylinder arrangement by closing the shut-off valve and introducing hydraulic fluid into the pressure channel of the machine table with the pressure source through the pressure line and through the check valve in the flow direction, and thus the hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure channel is increased.
  • the mold element is drained or lowered by opening the shut-off valve and the hydraulic fluid flows back through the shut-off valve into the return tank.
  • the non-return valve is used here to prevent high values of the hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure channel, which occur in the pressure channels of the machine table as a result of the vibration of the shaped element filled with mineral mixture, in particular concrete mixture, or the shaped element on which a sheet metal or plastic blank was applied, in particular placed , not to be transferred to the pressure lines to the pressure source.
  • the pressure lines to the pressure source are therefore less heavily loaded than the pressure channel in the machine table, so that wear and tear on the pressure line is reduced.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement has at least one holding cylinder designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement has two holding cylinders.
  • the holding cylinders each have at least one pressure connection with an essentially ideally closing valve.
  • This valve or valves are, for example, block valves in which a truncated cone extending in the direction of flow is pressed into the opening through which a fluid flows in order to highly tightly close the opening.
  • essentially ideally closing means in particular that the valve is designed in such a way to interrupt a connection between a chamber located inside the cylinder of the holding cylinder and a pressure line in such a way that a hydraulic fluid pressure in the chamber of the cylinder of the holding cylinder is independent of the hydraulic fluid pressure in of the pressure line to the holding cylinder is variable.
  • a stamp that has entered the mold element can be held with a very high holding force with the second piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • This holding also occurs when the stamp is counteracted by the form element or that is in the form element located mineral mixture, in particular concrete mixture, or the sheet metal or plastic blank experiences that are generated by the lifting and lowering forces of the first piston-cylinder assembly.
  • the holding cylinders are designed in such a way that they move in the vertical position when the device is used as intended, this movement being guided by guide means which allow guiding on the side elements.
  • guide means which allow guiding on the side elements.
  • guide means also serve to allow a stamp received with the second piston-cylinder arrangement or with the holding cylinders to enter the mold box of a mold element arranged on the first piston-cylinder arrangement with a precise fit.
  • the device has a decoupling of the machine table by decoupling means, with these decoupling means being arranged either in relation to the environment carrying the device and/or in relation to a machine base of the device.
  • the decoupling takes place in particular by means of a decoupling means designed as a gas cushion or elastically deformable plastic, i.e. elastomers, e.g. an air cushion, between the machine table and the environment supporting the device and/or a machine foot of the device.
  • the gas cushion is formed, for example, with hoses that are guided against rolling away, in particular in guide grooves, that are filled with a gas and thus represent a kind of cushion.
  • the device has at least one pressure sensor for measuring the chamber pressure in at least one of the cylinders of the first piston-cylinder arrangement and/or the cylinder of the second piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the device has at least one distance meter, for example a laser-assisted distance meter, which is designed or arranged in this way is to measure the vertical position of a mold element arranged on the first piston-cylinder assembly. In particular, this measurement is made by measuring the distance between a part of the mold element and a fixed part of the device, to which the mold element is relatively movable by the first piston-cylinder assembly.
  • the product height and the compaction state of the mineral mixture, in particular the concrete mixture can be measured with the pressure sensor and the distance meter, and the product quality can be determined therefrom.
  • the device has two distance meters. The distance between the punch and the machine head is measured with a first distance meter and the distance between the machine head and the mold element is measured with the second distance meter. Thus, an even more precise compaction state of the mineral mixture can be determined.
  • the device has a bracing means.
  • the bracing means is designed in such a way that the shaped element is braced with the first piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the shaped element has a vibration-transmitting workpiece carrier and a mold frame, with the workpiece carrier transmitting the lifting and lowering forces generated by the first piston-cylinder arrangement to the mineral mixture, in particular the concrete mixture.
  • the side elements each comprise a synchronous cylinder with a piston rod, the piston rod running from the machine head to the machine table, ie being connected to the machine head and the machine table via connecting means.
  • the bracing means is formed with the synchronizing cylinders or with the cylinders of the synchronizing cylinders, in that the cylinders of the synchronizing cylinders have receiving means for receiving the mold element, in particular the mold frame of the mold element. A simple clamping of the form element by moving cylinders along the side elements is thus possible.
  • the bracing means has at least one pressure line for supplying at least one chamber of each synchronous cylinder a hydraulic fluid pressure.
  • the bracing means also has a pressure volume accumulator which is interposed or integrated into the at least one pressure line.
  • the bracing means thus form an elastic bracing of the shaped element with the synchronous cylinders.
  • the elastic bracing takes place because hydraulic fluid inside the chambers of the synchronizing cylinders can escape into the pressure volume reservoir if there is a corresponding back pressure, for example when the shaped element is lifted with the first piston-cylinder arrangement. If the back pressure is reduced, the hydraulic fluid flows back into the chambers.
  • the bracing thus enables the mold element, i.e.
  • the mold frame and the workpiece carrier to be held firmly on the first piston-cylinder arrangement, with simultaneous lifting and lowering of the first piston-cylinder arrangement or raising and/or lowering and/or Allowing the shaped element to vibrate with the first piston-cylinder arrangement is possible.
  • the receiving means have guide openings into which a collar of a mold frame can be inserted horizontally.
  • the mold frame has a collar, which in particular runs all the way around the mold frame. This collar can be pushed laterally into the receiving means, namely the guide openings.
  • the receiving means have mold frame bracing means. These serve to clamp the mold frame with its collar firmly, in particular in the horizontal direction, so that it is essentially non-displaceable relative to the receiving means.
  • these are designed as cylinders, e.g. B. Plunger cylinders, in particular hydraulic cylinders and / or pneumatic cylinders, and are arranged on the underside of the guide opening, so that the mold frame is raised in the guide opening by extending the cylinder and pressed against the upper area of the guide opening.
  • these are magnetic bracing means and include e.g. B. a permanent magnet whose magnetic attraction can be interrupted by electrical control.
  • the magnetic clamping means are arranged on the upper side in the guide opening, so that the metallic collar is attracted by the magnetic clamping means and can then be released again when the magnetic force is switched off.
  • the collar of the mold frame and the guide openings have opposite elevations and recesses which, according to Art a tongue and groove connection engage in one another in a form-fitting manner as soon as the mold frame is fixed with the mold frame bracing means.
  • the elevations and recesses as well as the mold frame bracing means serve to hold the mold frame in a substantially immovable position relative to the receiving means in the horizontal direction.
  • a defined center of the machine can be generated, so that the mold frame and the stamp can always be arranged in a defined position relative to one another and therefore a defined immersion of the stamp can take place.
  • FIG 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in particular for the harmonious compaction of mineral mixtures, in particular concrete mixtures in the production of concrete goods of all kinds.
  • the device has a machine frame 10 with a machine head 12, a machine table 14 and two side elements 16a, 16b which connect the machine head 12 and the machine table 14 to one another.
  • the side elements 16a, 16b comprise two synchronous cylinders 17a, 17b with pistons 18a, 18b running from the machine head 12 to the machine base 14.
  • the synchronous cylinders 17a, 17b each have a cylinder 20a, 20b.
  • the cylinders 20a, 20b can be moved in the vertical direction on the pistons 18a, 18b.
  • Receiving means 22a, 22b are fastened to the cylinders 20a, 20b of the synchronous cylinders and can be moved up and down together with the cylinders 20a, 20b.
  • the receiving means 22a, 22b have guide openings 23a, 23b which are directed toward one another.
  • the receiving means 22a, 22b are used to receive a mold frame 24, the mold frame 24 having at least two opposite sides or a peripheral collar 25 which is inserted into the guide openings 23a, 23b.
  • a peripheral collar 25 has the advantage that the mold frame 24 has a much higher rigidity and is therefore much more durable.
  • the receiving means 22a, 22b have mold frame bracing means (not shown) in order to clamp the mold frame 24 firmly, in particular in a substantially immovable manner in the horizontal direction, relative to the receiving means 22a, 22b.
  • the mold frame bracing means are designed as cylinders, e.g. B. plunger cylinders, in particular hydraulic cylinders and/or pneumatic cylinders, which lift the mold frame 24 previously introduced with the collar into the guide openings in the lower part of the guide openings 23a, 23b and press against the upper part of the guide openings 23a, 23b.
  • cylinders e.g. B. plunger cylinders, in particular hydraulic cylinders and/or pneumatic cylinders, which lift the mold frame 24 previously introduced with the collar into the guide openings in the lower part of the guide openings 23a, 23b and press against the upper part of the guide openings 23a, 23b.
  • the mold frame bracing means are magnetic bracing means.
  • the magnetic bracing means include z. B. a permanent magnet whose magnetic attraction can be interrupted by electrical control. The magnet is then arranged on the upper side of the guide opening 23a, 23b and, when it is not switched off, namely the magnetic state, pulls the collar of the mold frame 24 upwards against the guide openings 23a, 23b or the wall around the guide openings 23a, 23b of the receiving means 22a, 22b.
  • the collar 25 has elevations and recesses on its upper side and the wall in the area of the guide openings 23a, 23b on the side facing the upper side of the collar, which engage in a form-fitting manner in the manner of a tongue and groove connection as soon as the Mold frame 24 is fixed with the mold frame bracing means.
  • the elevations and recesses are not shown.
  • the elevations and recesses serve to hold the mold frame 24 in a substantially immovable position relative to the receiving means 22a, 22b in the horizontal direction.
  • a defined center of the machine can be produced, so that the mold frame 24 and stamp can always be arranged in a defined position relative to one another.
  • the synchronous cylinders 17a, 17b and the receiving means 22a, 22b Components of another bracing means, the function of which will be explained in more detail later.
  • the device has a machine base 26 which is arranged under the machine table 14 and decoupling means 28 which serve to decouple the machine table 14 from the machine base 26 .
  • the decoupling means 28 are, for example, hoses filled with a gas cushion.
  • the machine table 14 has a channel or pressure channel 30 which runs in the machine table 14 .
  • the pressure channel 30 has pressure channel connections 32a-d, which connect the pressure channel 30 to the surroundings of the machine table 14.
  • the pressure connection 32a is connected to a check valve 34 and the pressure channel connection 32b is connected to a shut-off valve 36 .
  • the pressure channel connection 32c is connected to a cylinder, let into the machine foot 26 , of a vibrating unit designed as a hydraulic cylinder 38 .
  • the hydraulic cylinder 38 of the vibrating unit is part of a first piston-cylinder arrangement 39, which has a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 38 running in parallel, which can be extended in the vertical direction and thereby continuously raise or remove a workpiece carrier 42 in the vertical direction, or vibrate the workpiece carrier 42 can let.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 of the first piston-cylinder arrangement 39 are all connected directly to the pressure channel 30 .
  • Such a direct connection of the pressure channel 30 to the hydraulic cylinders 38 is only shown in section for the pressure channel connection 32c.
  • the other hydraulic cylinders 38 are only shown with their area that protrudes beyond the surface of the machine table 14 .
  • a pressure pulse generator 40 is directly connected to the pressure channel 30 via the pressure channel connection 32d. The pressure pulse generator 40 generates a sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow in the pressure channel 30 for vibrating the workpiece carrier 42 with the first piston-cylinder arrangement 39.
  • the device also has a second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 .
  • This second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 comprises two holding cylinders 46a, 46b, the holding cylinders 46a, 46b each having a cylinder 48a, 48b with a piston 50a, 50b and a pressure connection 52a, 52b.
  • the pressure connections 52a, 52b are arranged directly on the cylinder of the holding cylinders 46a, 46b and include a non-illustrated ideally closing valve.
  • the valve serves to connect a chamber located in the cylinder 48a, 48b to a pressure line, not shown, and to connect the connection to be interrupted in such a way that a hydraulic fluid pressure in the chamber can be varied independently of the hydraulic fluid pressure in the pressure line.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 has guide means 54a-c, by which the movement of the holding cylinders on the side elements is guided.
  • the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 has a further receptacle 56 for receiving a plunger 58 .
  • Pressure sensors are arranged in the cylinders 48a, 48b 1 are not shown. Furthermore, 1 a distance meter 59 with which the distance between the machine head 12 and the mold frame 24 can be determined using a laser beam which runs through a bore in the guide means 54c.
  • the compaction state of a mineral mixture, in particular a concrete mixture, in the mold element, which includes the mold frame 24 and the workpiece carrier 42, is determined during a compaction process using measured values based on empirical values using the distance meters 59 and the pressure sensors (not shown) in the cylinders 48a, 48b.
  • a compression process as well as the functionality of the features included in 1 are shown later in the Figures 3 to 7 explained in more detail.
  • the pressure pulse generator 40 has a piston 60 which is moved back and forth in a cylinder 62 in an oscillating manner.
  • hydraulic fluid can be drawn into a chamber 66 and forced out through an opening 64, which here also corresponds to a pressure connection 64.
  • the piston 60 is moved back and forth in an oscillating manner with an eccentric 68 which is moved by an axle 70 of an electric drive.
  • FIG. 3 shows the workpiece carrier 42 in a lower position.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 are completely retracted into the machine table 14 .
  • the workpiece carrier 42 rests on piston bridges 72 with wear strips 74 .
  • the mold frame 24 and the stamp 58 are raised by the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 and the cylinders 20a, 20b of the synchronous cylinders 17a, 17b, which are moved upwards.
  • the mold frame 24 is thus braced on the workpiece carrier 42 .
  • This bracing is elastic, since the pressure line, which is used to supply the cylinders 20a, 20b with a hydraulic fluid pressure, is interposed by a pressure-volume accumulator, not shown, in particular a compressed-gas volume accumulator.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 which move the mold frame 24 upwards together with the cylinders 20a, 20b, can be extended as soon as the lifting force applied by the vibrating unit or the hydraulic cylinders 38 of the vibrating unit is greater than the lowering force or bracing force is.
  • the compressed gas volume accumulator is adapted to the forces required accordingly.
  • the device shown now shows a state during compaction in which a mineral mixture, in particular a concrete mixture, is introduced into the mold frame 24 from above.
  • figure 5 then represents a lowering of the forming punch 58 into the forming frame 24.
  • the forming punch 58 is thereby moved downwards by the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44 to the position shown and in the position shown in figure 5 the valves 52a, 52b closed.
  • the forming stamp 58 is thus held precisely in its position with a high holding force.
  • the vibrating unit or the hydraulic cylinders of the vibrating unit 38 are further extended compared to the previous figures.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 are filled with a hydraulic fluid which is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 38 via the pressure channel 30 .
  • the pressure of the hydraulic fluid is linearly increased via the pressure channel connection 32a with the check valve 34 by forcing hydraulic fluid into the pressure channel 30 from a pressure source.
  • the pressure pulse generator 40 generates a sinusoidal hydraulic fluid volume flow, which is superimposed on the linearly increasing pressure through the pressure connection 32a.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 are thus extended and retracted in a sinusoidal manner, a linear extension being superimposed on this extension and retraction, and thus the workpiece carrier 42, which is arranged on the hydraulic cylinders 38, is lifted with a vibrating movement. Due to the clamping with the receiving means 22a, 22b, the mold frame 24 and the cylinders 20a, 20b are also raised during this upward movement of the workpiece carrier 42.
  • the device has two pressure pulse generators 40, each of which has a drive connected to a controller.
  • the pressure pulse generators 40 are each with their pressure pulse generator connection connected to a pressure channel connection of the pressure channel 30 .
  • the drives of the pressure pulse generators 40 are controlled by the controller in such a way that, in particular, an adjustable, constant speed difference of the pressure pulse generators 40 can be implemented.
  • an adjustable, constant speed difference of the pressure pulse generators 40 can be implemented.
  • the "vibration intensity" or the amplitude can therefore also be varied in order to achieve even better compaction.
  • the hydraulic fluid pressure is measured with the pressure sensors in the cylinders 48a, 48b of the holding cylinders 46a, 46b and the distance between the machine head 12 and the mold frame 24 is measured with the distance meter 59 in order to determine the compaction of the mineral mixture or the concrete mixture.
  • the product quality can thus be automatically determined for each product cycle with regard to the product compaction and the product height, in particular with a computer program, and the determined length and pressure measurement values in connection with the data from the product mold tools.
  • the product manufacturing program can already be automatically optimized for the following cycle in order to minimize product rejects.
  • the now formed and compacted mineral mixture or compacted concrete mixture or product 76 retains its shape and dimensional accuracy even without the mold frame 24 on the workpiece carrier 42 .
  • the valves 52a, 52b of the holding cylinders 46a, 46b designed for example as block valves, were released and the stamp 58 was raised with the second piston-cylinder arrangement 44.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 38 were retracted by releasing the pressure in the pressure channel via the valve 36 and the product mold or the mold frame 24 was released by releasing the tension (by moving the cylinders 20a, 20b up to the pistons 18a, 18b).
  • the compacted mineral mixture or compacted concrete mixture or product 76 can now be removed together with the workpiece carrier 42 from the device for further hardening or chemical setting. The compaction process can then be repeated for a new quantity of mineral mix or concrete mix.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de compactage, servant en particulier au compactage harmonique de mélanges minéraux, en particulier de mélanges de béton utilisés pour la fabrication d'articles en béton de toutes sortes, ou servant à l'emboutissage, en particulier d'ébauches en tôle ou en matière plastique, comprenant :
    - un bâti de machine (10) pourvu d'une tête de machine (12), d'une table de machine (14) et d'au moins deux éléments latéraux (16a, 16b) reliant la tête de machine (12) et la table de machine (14),
    - un premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39) relié à la table de machine (14), étant entendu que le premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39) est réalisé de manière à exercer des forces de levage et d'abaissement sur un élément de moulage (42, 24) pouvant être rempli d'un mélange minéral, en particulier d'un mélange de béton, ou sur un élément de moulage sur lequel une ébauche en tôle ou en matière plastique peut être posée, et afin de soulever et de faire vibrer l'élément de moulage (42, 24),
    - un deuxième ensemble piston-cylindre (44) relié à la tête de machine (12), caractérisé en ce que le deuxième ensemble piston-cylindre (44) est réalisé de manière à maintenir un poinçon (58) pouvant pénétrer dans l'élément de moulage (42, 24) avec une force de maintien qui est égale ou supérieure à la force de levage maximale du premier ensemble piston-cylindre.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la table de machine (14) est fabriquée dans un matériau coulé, en particulier de la fonte, et comprend au moins un canal de pression (30) passant à l'intérieur de la table de machine (14), et en particulier ayant été installé lors de la fabrication de ladite table, étant entendu que le canal de pression (30) comporte des raccords (32a-32d) vers l'extérieur de la table de machine (14), et que le premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39) comporte une ou plusieurs unités vibrantes réalisées sous forme de cylindres hydrauliques (38), en particulier de cylindres plongeurs, étant entendu que le cylindre hydraulique (38) ou chacun des cylindres hydrauliques (38) est respectivement relié avec son au moins un raccord de pression directement à l'un des raccords (32a-32d) du canal de pression.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que l'unité vibrante du dispositif comporte plusieurs cylindres hydrauliques (38), disposés parallèlement les uns par rapport aux autres, afin de générer un mouvement dans la même direction, en particulier un mouvement essentiellement vertical dans des conditions normales d'emploi.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend un ou plusieurs générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40), étant entendu que le générateur d'impulsions de pression (40) ou chacun des générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) comprend respectivement au moins un raccord (64) de générateur d'impulsions de pression, et étant entendu que le générateur d'impulsions de pression (40) ou chacun des générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) est respectivement réalisé pour générer un débit volumique de liquide hydraulique variable, en particulier sinusoïdal.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que le générateur d'impulsions de pression (40) ou chacun des générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) comprend respectivement, afin de générer le débit volumique de liquide hydraulique, un cylindre (62) pourvu d'une chambre (66) et d'un piston (60), étant entendu que le piston (60) peut être déplacé en va-et-vient de manière sinusoïdale dans la chambre (66), en particulier avec une fréquence contrôlable et/ou réglable, par exemple supérieure à 10Hz, afin de générer une variation de volume dans la chambre ainsi que le débit volumique de liquide hydraulique en résultant
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que le générateur d'impulsions de pression (40) ou chacun des générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) comprend respectivement un entraînement, en particulier un moteur électrique, et un excentrique (68) ou un vilebrequin, étant entendu que l'excentrique (68) ou le vilebrequin est disposé sur l'entraînement et le piston (60) du générateur d'impulsions de pression (40) ou de chaque générateur d'impulsions de pressions (40), de telle sorte que l'excentrique (68) ou le vilebrequin peut être tourné par l'entraînement et que le mouvement du piston (60) est effectué par l'excentrique (68) ou par le vilebrequin agissant directement ou indirectement sur le piston (60) ou que le dispositif comprend au moins deux générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40), étant entendu que les générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) comprennent un entraînement commun, en particulier un moteur électrique, avec un vilebrequin commun ou comprennent chacun un excentrique (68) entraîné par l'entraînement commun au moyen d'un arbre d'entraînement, étant entendu que le vilebrequin ou les excentriques (68) sont disposés sur l'entraînement et le piston (60) des générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) de telle sorte que le vilebrequin ou les excentriques (68) peuvent être tournés par l'entraînement et de telle sorte que les mouvements des pistons (60) s'effectuent avec les excentriques (68) agissant directement ou indirectement sur les pistons (60) ou avec le vilebrequin agissant directement ou indirectement sur les pistons (60) et que le piston d'au moins l'un des générateurs d'impulsions de pression (40) peut être limité dans son mouvement de va-et-vient par un dispositif de commande, en particulier un actionneur.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend une commande et au moins deuxgénérateurs d'impulsions de pression, étant entendu que la commande est réalisée de manière à commander séparément les entraînements des générateurs d'impulsions de pression, en particulier avec une différence d'angle de rotation réglable des entraînements les uns par rapport aux autres, de sorte que la variation de volume sinusoïdale des deux chambres entraîne un débit volumique de liquide hydraulique résultant de la superposition des variations de volume sinusoïdales.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que le raccord (64) ou les raccords (64) du générateur d'impulsions de pression sont directement reliés au raccord du canal de pression ou respectivement à l'un des raccords (32a-32d) du canal de pression afin de générer pour chacun un débit volumique de liquide hydraulique dans le canal de pression de la table de machine.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend un circuit parallèle à partir d'un clapet anti-retour (34) et d'une valve d'arrêt (36), lequel circuit est directement relié à un raccord (32a-32d) du canal de pression (30), ou bien le dispositif comprend un clapet anti-retour (34) et une valve d'arrêt (36) qui sont chacun reliés à un raccord (32a-32d) du canal de pression (30).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le deuxième ensemble piston-cylindre (44) comprend au moins un cylindre de retenue (46a, 46b) réalisé sous forme de cylindre hydraulique, en particulier deux cylindres de retenue (46a, 46b), étant entendu que le cylindre de retenue (46a, 46b) comprend au moins un raccord de pression (52a, 52b) pourvu d'une soupape à fermeture parfaite, étant entendu que la soupape du raccord de pression (52a, 52b) est réalisée de manière à relier une chambre située dans le cylindre (48a, 48b) du cylindre de retenue (46a, 46b) à une conduite de pression et de manière à interrompre la connexion de telle sorte qu'une pression de liquide hydraulique dans la chambre du cylindre (48a, 48b) du cylindre de retenue (46a, 46b) peut être variée, indépendamment de la pression du liquide hydraulique dans la conduite de pression.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que les cylindres de retenue (46a, 46b) sont réalisés de manière à se déplacer dans une position verticale, dans des conditions normales d'emploi du dispositif, étant entendu que ce mouvement est guidé par des moyens de guidage (54a-c) sur les éléments latéraux.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend au moins un capteur de pression servant à mesurer la pression de la chambre dans au moins l'un des cylindres du premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39) et/ou des cylindres du deuxième ensemble piston-cylindre (44) et un télémètre (59), en particulier un télémètre laser (59), servant à mesurer la position verticale de l'élément de moulage (24, 42), en particulier en mesurant une distance entre une partie de l'élément de moulage (24, 42) et une partie fixe du dispositif.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend un moyen de serrage, étant entendu que le moyen de serrage est réalisé de façon à serrer l'élément de moulage comprenant un porte-pièce (42) et un cadre de moulage (24), avec le premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39) et que les éléments latéraux (16a, 16b) comprennent chacun un vérin de synchronisation (17a, 17b) avec des pistons (18a, 18b) allant de la tête de machine (12) à la table de machine (14) et que les moyens de serrage sont formés avec les cylindres (20a, 20b) des vérins de synchronisation (17a, 17b), dans la mesure où les cylindres (20a, 20b) des vérins de synchronisation (17a, 17b) présentent des moyens de réception (22a, 22b) ou sont reliés à ces moyens de réception (22a, 22b), étant entendu que les moyens de réception (22a, 22b) servent à la réception de l'élément de moulage (24, 42), en particulier du cadre de moulage (24) de l'élément de moulage (42, 24).
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que le moyen de serrage comprend au moins une conduite de pression servant à alimenter au moins une chambre de chaque vérin de synchronisation (17a, 17b) avec une pression de liquide hydraulique et le moyen de serrage présente un accumulateur de volume de pression, en particulier un accumulateur de gaz sous pression qui est intercalé dans au moins une conduite de pression.
  15. Procédé pour le compactage, en particulier le compactage harmonique, avec un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, étant entendu que
    les forces de levage et d'abaissement sont exercées sur un élément de moulage (42, 24) avec un premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39), et qu'un poinçon (58) pouvant pénétrer dans l'élément de moulage (42, 24) est maintenu par un deuxième ensemble piston-cylindre (44) avec une force de maintien qui est égale ou supérieure à la force de levage maximale du premier ensemble piston-cylindre (39).
EP15701709.6A 2014-01-14 2015-01-14 Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique Active EP3094480B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202014000162.6U DE202014000162U1 (de) 2014-01-14 2014-01-14 Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Mineralgemischen
DE202014000704.7U DE202014000704U1 (de) 2014-01-20 2014-01-20 Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Mineralgemischen
PCT/EP2015/050597 WO2015107082A1 (fr) 2014-01-14 2015-01-14 Dispositif et procédé de compactage de mélanges minéraux ou d'emboutissage de plaques de tôle ou de matière plastique

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DE102016110623B4 (de) * 2016-06-09 2021-05-27 Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh Hydraulische Pressmaschine mit Pulsatoren
CN110978212B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-08-27 苏州侪联景观工程有限公司 装饰夯土板及其制作方法
CN114734527B (zh) * 2022-04-21 2025-07-25 核工业北京地质研究院 一种大型砌块流水化压实装置及方法
CN117921827B (zh) * 2024-03-22 2024-06-18 山东纳诺新材料科技有限公司 一种基于矿物铸件的机械底座生产用成型装置

Citations (1)

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EP0894587A1 (fr) * 1997-08-01 1999-02-03 SACMI Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Soc. Coop. a Resp. Lim. Méthode pour le pressage de poudres céramiques et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

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DE4143683B4 (de) * 1991-01-06 2006-03-09 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Hydroelastische Tiefzieheinrichtung
US5419169A (en) * 1992-04-07 1995-05-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for adjusting press operating conditions depending upon dies used
US5755129A (en) * 1995-05-10 1998-05-26 Nkk Corporation Press-forming method of a sheet and apparatus therefor
DE10039028A1 (de) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-21 Gedib Ingbuero Innovation Verfahren und Vorrichtung für ein Verdichtungssystem
WO2007147422A1 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-27 Harald Winkler Installation et procédé de fabrication de produits en béton

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EP0894587A1 (fr) * 1997-08-01 1999-02-03 SACMI Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Soc. Coop. a Resp. Lim. Méthode pour le pressage de poudres céramiques et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

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