EP3129971A1 - Verfahren zur luftraumüberwachung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur luftraumüberwachungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3129971A1 EP3129971A1 EP15716011.0A EP15716011A EP3129971A1 EP 3129971 A1 EP3129971 A1 EP 3129971A1 EP 15716011 A EP15716011 A EP 15716011A EP 3129971 A1 EP3129971 A1 EP 3129971A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- aircraft
- control
- monitoring system
- detection unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/20—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information
- G08G5/22—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information located on the ground
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/20—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information
- G08G5/26—Transmission of traffic-related information between aircraft and ground stations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/70—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions
- G08G5/72—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions for monitoring traffic
- G08G5/727—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions for monitoring traffic from a ground station
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring airspace, in particular a method for detecting and locating aircraft to avoid collisions between aircraft.
- Such known systems generally see in the respective aircraft on-board electronics, consisting of a computer with a screen, a data communication device, a FLARM and / or ADS-B receiver, a transponder, a GNSS device and an electronic Control unit for processing data before.
- this on-board electronics one aircraft receives the flight data of another aircraft.
- the data received by the on-board electronics are processed and graphically displayed to the pilot on the screen of the computer. In this way, the pilot can decide which measures to initiate to avoid a collision with the other aircraft.
- a data exchange presupposes that the two aircraft have the same communication technology so that the respective transmitted or received flight data can also be read out and processed.
- the known conflict prevention systems are therefore arranged as on-board electronics in the respective aircraft.
- on-board electronics with a conflict avoidance system may be too heavy due to the weight.
- a method for airspace monitoring is thus provided, with a first control and detection system and a second control and detection system, wherein the first control and detection system comprises a first aircraft and a first control and detection unit and the second control and detection system second aircraft and a second control and detection unit, characterized in that a different from the first control and detection unit and the second control and detection unit airspace monitoring system is provided by the first control and detection unit first data relative to the first aircraft be transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and sent from the airspace monitoring system data based on the first data to the second control and detection unit, and the data transmitted from the second control and detection unit to the second aircraft s.
- the first data relating to the first aircraft are transmitted by the first control and detection unit to the airspace monitoring system and are transmitted from the airspace monitoring system data based on the first data to the second control and detection unit , To this The first data is transmitted from the first aircraft via the airspace monitoring system and the second control and detection unit to the second aircraft.
- the first aircraft and / or the second aircraft is an unmanned aerial vehicle or a manned aircraft.
- Unmanned aerial vehicles are preferably drones.
- Manned aircraft include both lighter sport aircraft, gliders, parachutists, and larger passenger and cargo aircraft.
- the first control and detection unit and / or the second control and detection unit is preferably a ground station, which has a continuous connection to the first aircraft or second aircraft.
- the first control and detection unit and / or the second control and detection unit are particularly preferably a secondary radar system with a secondary radar transmitter and a secondary radar receiver, wherein the secondary radar receiver receives data transmitted by the aircraft and the transmitter transmits data to the aircraft.
- the first control and detection unit and / or the second control and detection unit is a primary radar system with a positioning system and a transmitter, wherein the positioning system determines data of the aircraft and the transmitter sends data to the aircraft.
- the first data is preferably data on the airspeed, the position, the altitude, the rise or fall rate, the distance and the direction of flight of the respective first aircraft.
- the first data is signals.
- the first data are data structures for describing the airspace, on the basis of which an aviation area can be reserved.
- the first data is computer-readable data, wherein the first data of the first aircraft may have different file formats.
- the file formats of the first data are data of the FLARM or ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast).
- a further preferred development of the invention provides that a time stamp and / or a tracking ID is added to the first data and / or the data.
- the time stamp allows checking the first data and / or data for actuality.
- the tracking ID ensures that also at a later time the data transmitted by the airspace monitoring system can be unambiguously assigned to the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system. This ensures a comprehensible data flow in the airspace monitoring system.
- the speed of the data transmission can be of central importance, in particular for avoiding a collision between the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
- a preferred development of the invention therefore provides that the transmission of the first data from the first control and detection unit to the airspace monitoring system and the transmission of the data based on the first data from the airspace monitoring system to the second control and detection unit quasi in real time and thus directly, without planned delays, transmitted or sent out.
- the possibility is given to directly provide data to a second aircraft via the first aircraft in order to identify and avoid a collision between the first aircraft and the second aircraft at an early stage.
- the data communication between the first control and detection unit and the airspace monitoring system or the airspace monitoring system and the second control and detection unit is based on a web-based communication technology. In this way, a fast and immediate data communication can be made possible.
- a further preferred development of the invention provides that the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and / or the data transmitted by the airspace monitoring system to the second control and detection unit are transformed in the airspace monitoring system.
- the first data is converted into a data transformed that allows processing of the first data in the airspace monitoring system.
- the data can be transformed on the one hand into the original file format of the first data and / or into a different file format from the first data. If the data is transformed into a different file format from the first data, the data based on the first data can be sent to a second control and detection unit different from the first control and detection unit.
- the first data of the first aircraft can be transmitted across systems via the first control and detection unit, the airspace monitoring system and the second control and detection unit to a second aircraft.
- the second aircraft can thus read the first data of the first aircraft, without having to have the appropriate communication technology of the first aircraft.
- costs can be reduced because not every second aircraft must have a technique for transforming the data.
- the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and / or the data transmitted by the airspace monitoring system is still visible and traceable at a later time.
- the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and / or the stored by the airspace monitoring system to the second control and detection unit data stored in the airspace monitoring system.
- the flight path of the first aircraft can be documented.
- the first aircraft is an unmanned aerial vehicle, the storage and documentation of the first data or data may also meet the regulatory requirements for keeping a logbook.
- the first aircraft is identified by the airspace monitoring system. In this way, the first data can be assigned to a specific first aircraft.
- the first aircraft preferably has a machine-readable identification which, inter alia, allows conclusions to be drawn about the operator of the first aircraft.
- the machine-readable identification is particularly preferably a chip card integrated in the first aircraft, a SIM card or even a QR code.
- further requirements for keeping the logbook for the unmanned aerial vehicle can be fulfilled in this way, since the first data can be assigned to the first aircraft.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and / or the data transmitted by the airspace monitoring system to the second control and detection unit are encrypted. In this way, an abuse of the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and / or the data transmitted by the airspace monitoring system can be reduced.
- an advantageous development of the invention is that the transmitted to the airspace monitoring system first data and / or from the airspace monitoring system to the second Control and detection unit transmitted data are digitally signed.
- the digital signature of the first data is preferably carried out with a private key of the operator of the first aircraft.
- the first data is digitally signed by the first control and detection unit with respect to the first aircraft.
- the first data is signed by the airspace monitoring system with a private key associated with the first aircraft.
- An advantageous development of the invention provides that the first data, after checking the signature, preferably the operator and / or device signature, are signed by the airspace monitoring system with a personal key associated with the airspace monitoring system itself.
- a plurality of first data are preferably combined in order to enable efficient data processing.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the digital signature is carried out via a private key, which is introduced by a copy-protected, cryptographic token person and / or device bound in the airspace monitoring system.
- the token meets the requirements for the qualified digital signature.
- Particularly preferred is the personal signature on the electrical identity card.
- a further preferred development of the invention provides that, based on the first data, a region of the airspace on the flight path of the first aircraft in the airspace monitoring system for the first aircraft is reserved for a period of time.
- the airspace monitoring system includes data of the flight path of the first aircraft, which data is transmitted to the second control and detection unit.
- the second aircraft is reserved over the area of the airspace reserved by the first aircraft, so that the second aircraft, if a collision with the first aircraft is to be expected, can change the flight route. A possible collision can thus be identified early.
- data of basic or temporary no-fly zones can also be stored in the airspace monitoring system.
- the data of basic or temporary no-fly zones can be called up via a licensing authority connected with the airspace monitoring system in terms of communication technology.
- a further preferred development of the invention provides that data of a no-fly zone are stored in the airspace monitoring system and the data of the no-fly zone are checked with the first data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system. When a collision hazard is detected, data is transmitted from the airspace monitoring system to the first aircraft to change the flight route.
- data relating to the proximity of airports and / or data on inner-city areas and / or data for compliance with special regulatory requirements are preferably stored in the airspace monitoring system or can be called up via the licensing authority connected to the airspace monitoring system. In this way, it can be checked in advance whether the planned flight or the planned flight route complies with the respective legal and / or security requirements.
- an ascent permission for the first aircraft is requested and obtained via the airspace monitoring system.
- first data of the first aircraft are stored in the airspace monitoring system via the flight route.
- data based on the first data is transmitted to the second control and registration unit. This data is not transmitted directly to the second control and detection unit, but only at the relevant time, that is, only from the time from which the first aircraft rises and thus a risk of collision with the second aircraft may arise.
- a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the first aircraft is an unmanned aerial vehicle and the unmanned aerial vehicle has a continuous connection to the first control and detection unit and at a connection termination of the continuous connection first data relating to the connection abort of the first control and detection unit be transmitted to the airspace monitoring system and transmitted from the airspace monitoring system data, based on the first data regarding the disconnection, to the second control and detection system.
- the second aircraft is informed of the disconnection between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the first control and detection unit, so that the second aircraft can pay increased attention to the air traffic in order to be able to react quickly in the event of an expected collision.
- a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the first control and detection unit is part of the second control and detection unit and forms a combined control and detection unit and the first data from the combined control and detection unit detected and the airspace monitoring system be transmitted and sent based on the first data from the airspace surveillance system data to the combined control and detection unit.
- the first control and detection unit differs from the second control and detection unit. In this way, the combined control and detection unit is formed across systems.
- the airspace monitoring system is an integral part of the combined control and detection system.
- the first control and detection unit, the second control and detection unit and the airspace monitoring system form an integral system.
- the second control and detection unit transmits second data relating to the second aircraft to the airspace monitoring system.
- the airspace monitoring system checks the first data of the first aircraft and the second data of the second aircraft on a conflict, in particular a possible collision. In an identified risk of collision, data based on the first data and the second data is transmitted to the second control and detection system.
- the second aircraft is informed of the identified risk of collision with the first aircraft and can change the flight route.
- the second aircraft thus does not require on board technology to evaluate the first data of the first aircraft, which has a positive effect on the weight of the second aircraft.
- the costs of the aircraft can be reduced in this way, since the airspace monitoring system evaluates the data and not in the first aircraft or the second aircraft, a technique for evaluating the flight data is to be arranged.
- the second data is preferably data about the airspeed, the position, the altitude, the rise / fall rate, the distance and the direction of flight of the respective second aircraft, the file format of the second data being from the file format of the first data can differentiate.
- a further preferred development of the invention provides that data based on the second data is transmitted by the airspace monitoring system to the first control and detection unit.
- the first aircraft receives data on the second aircraft.
- both the first aircraft and the second aircraft can be informed of the identified risk of collision and change the flight route.
- the first data and second data transmitted to the airspace monitoring system are merged in the airspace monitoring system. In this way, data can be sent to the first control and detection unit and / or data to the second control and detection unit based on these fused data in order to predefine or suggest a new flight route to the first aircraft and / or the second aircraft.
- the second data can be processed according to the first data in the airspace monitoring system.
- the second data can also be stored, transformed, encrypted and / or digitally signed.
- an identification of the second aircraft by the airspace monitoring system is possible.
- the airspace for the second aircraft may be reserved in the airspace monitoring system, or a climb permit for the second aircraft may be obtained via the airspace monitoring system.
- the first control and detection system has a plurality of first aircraft and / or the second control and detection system has a plurality of second aircraft
- the first control and detection unit transmits a plurality of first data to the airspace monitoring system - telt.
- a multiplicity of first aircraft or second aircraft can be connected in terms of communication technology to the first control and detection unit or second control and detection unit.
- the method comprises a plurality of first control and detection systems and / or a plurality of second control and detection systems. In this way, the airspace can be monitored across systems for a plurality of first aircraft and / or second aircraft.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a method for airspace monitoring, wherein a second aircraft data of a first aircraft are transmitted, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the method for airspace monitoring, wherein in the airspace monitoring system first data of the first aircraft with second data of the second aircraft are checked for collision, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the method for airspace monitoring, wherein data is transmitted from the airspace monitoring system to the first control and detection unit and to the second control and detection unit, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a machine-readable identification in the form of a QR code for identifying the first aircraft or second aircraft, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the method for airspace monitoring with a plurality of first aircraft and second aircraft, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a method sequence for acquiring first data and second data in the airspace monitoring system, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- 7 shows a method sequence for sending data from the airspace monitoring system, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 8 shows a method for the distribution of data of the airspace monitoring system in the event of an unplanned connection interruption between the first control and detection unit or the second control and detection unit with the airspace monitoring system, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 9 shows a method for registering, identifying and authenticating a first aircraft with the airspace monitoring system, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 shows a method for reserving a flight area, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 11 is a method for obtaining a permit to fly at an approval authority, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a method for airspace monitoring, with a first control and detection system 100, a second control and detection system 200 and an airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first control and detection system 100 includes a first aircraft 110 and a first control and detection unit 120, wherein the first control and detection unit 120 is communicatively connected to the first aircraft 110.
- the second control and detection system 200 comprises a second aircraft 210 and a second control and detection system 200. Fonnesaku 220, wherein the second control and detection unit 220 is communicatively connected to the second aircraft 210.
- the first control and detection system 100 and the second control and detection system 200 are communicatively connected to each other via the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first control and detection unit 120 and the second control and detection unit 220 are preferably connected to the airspace monitoring system 300 via a web-based communication link.
- the first aircraft 110 is preferably a manned aircraft and the second aircraft 210 is preferably an unmanned aircraft.
- the first control and detection unit 120 is preferably a secondary radar system having a secondary radar transmitter and a secondary radar receiver, and the second control and detection unit 220 is preferably a ground station of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
- the first control and detection system 100 and the second control and detection system are different from each other.
- the first control and detection unit 120 acquires first data 130 of the first aircraft 110, these first data 130 preferably data on the airspeed, the position, the altitude, the rise or fall rate, the distance and the direction of flight of the first aircraft 110 are and are preferably sent out via the ADS-B.
- the first data is in the ADS-B file format.
- the first data is transmitted from the first control and detection unit to the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first data 130 are transformed.
- data 310 is sent to the second control and detection unit 220 and transmitted from the second control and detection unit 220 to the second aircraft 210. Due to the transformation of the first data 130 in the airspace monitoring system 300, in this way the first Data 130 of the first aircraft 110 for the second aircraft 210 are made legible. In this way, the second aircraft 210 may identify the flight path of the first aircraft 110 and, if necessary, change its flight path. Thus, the airspace can be monitored across systems.
- the communication technique between the first aircraft 110 and the first control and detection unit 120 is not required for reading the first data 130 of the first aircraft 110 in the second aircraft 210.
- no further communication technology is required for the system-spanning monitoring of the airspace, which has a positive effect on the weight of the second aircraft 210.
- a time stamp is supplied. In this way, by comparing the time stamp with the actual time, it can be ensured that the first data 130 is current.
- the first data 130 transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300 and / or the data 310 transmitted by the airspace monitoring system 300 are stored in the airspace monitoring system 300. In this way, the flight route of the first aircraft 110 can be documented.
- the first data 130 transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300 and / or the data 310 sent by the airspace monitoring system 300 to the second control and detection unit 220 are encrypted. In this way, a failure the first data 130 transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300 and / or the data 310 transmitted by the airspace monitoring system 300 may be reduced by unauthorized persons.
- the first aircraft 110 is identified by the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first aircraft 110 has a machine-readable identification 140, which permits, inter alia, conclusions about the operator of the first aircraft 110.
- the machine-readable marking 140 may preferably be a chip card integrated in the first aircraft 110, a SIM card or also a QR code.
- the first data 130 contain information of the machine-readable identifier 140, so that the airspace monitoring system 300 can associate the first data 130 with the first aircraft 110.
- the first data 110 transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300 and / or those from the airspace monitoring system 300 to the second control and detection unit 220 emitted data 310 are digitally signed.
- the digital signature of the first data 110 is preferably carried out with a private key of the operator of the first aircraft 110.
- the first data 130 are digitally signed by the first control and detection unit 120 relative to the first aircraft 110.
- the first data is signed by the airspace monitoring system with a private key associated with the first aircraft.
- the first data 130 after verification of the signature by the airspace monitoring system 300, are signed with a private key assigned to the airspace monitoring system 300. be defined.
- a plurality of first data 130 are combined in order to enable efficient data processing.
- the present example is not limited to the case where the first aircraft 110 is a manned aircraft and the second aircraft 210 is an unmanned aircraft. It is also possible that the first aircraft 110 is an unmanned aerial vehicle and the second aircraft 210 is a manned aircraft or the first aircraft 110 is an unmanned aerial vehicle and the second aircraft 210 is an unmanned aerial vehicle. If the first aircraft 110 is an unmanned aerial vehicle and the first control and detection unit 120 is a ground station and the second aircraft is a manned aircraft and the second control and detection unit 220 is a secondary radar system comprising a secondary radar transmitter and a secondary radar receiver, the first data 130 of FIG first aircraft 110, which are preferably present as computer-readable data transmitted from the ground station 120 to the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first data 130 is transformed into data of the FLARM and / or ADS-B file format.
- the airspace monitoring system 300 sends the transformed data 310 based on the first data 130 to the second control and detection unit 220.
- the second control and detection unit 220 transmits the data 310 in FLARM and / or ADS-B file format to the second aircraft.
- the second aircraft can thus recognize the flight position and flight route of the first aircraft via the transformed data 310.
- the second control and detection unit 220 transmits second data 230 to the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first data 130 and / or the second data 230 are transformed, merged and checked for collision.
- data 310 is transmitted to the second control and detection unit 220 and forwarded by the second control and detection unit 220 to the second aircraft 210.
- the evaluation and checking of the first data 130 and the second data 230 takes place in the air monitoring system 300.
- the second aircraft 210 thus does not require on board technology to evaluate the first data 130 of the first aircraft 110, which has a positive effect on the weight of the second aircraft. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that data 310 are sent by the airspace monitoring system 300 to the second control and detection unit 220 and data 310 are sent to the first control and detection unit 120.
- the first data 130 and second data 230 transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300 are transformed in the airspace and checked for collision. Based on the verification of the first data 130 and the second data 230, data 310 are sent from the airspace monitoring system 300 to the first control and detection unit 120 and to the second control and detection unit 220. In this way, the first aircraft 110 is informed system-wide about the position and flight route of the second aircraft 210 and the second aircraft 210 about the position and flight route of the first aircraft 110. Both the first aircraft 110 and the second aircraft 210 may change the flight route in an identified collision between the first aircraft 110 and the second aircraft 210.
- FIG. 4 shows the machine-readable identification 140 in the form of a QR code.
- the machine-readable identification 140 also has an alphanumeric part 160 which provides information about the type of aircraft, includes an indication of origin on the registration country and has a character string for unambiguous identification.
- FIG. 5 shows a method for airspace monitoring with a plurality of first aircraft 110 and a plurality of second aircraft 210.
- the first aircraft 110 are unmanned aerial vehicles and the second aircraft 210 are manned aircraft.
- the unmanned aerial vehicles are communicatively connected to the first control and detection unit 120 designed as a ground station.
- the ground station in turn is communicatively connected to the air monitoring system 300.
- the air monitoring system 300 is communicatively connected to the second control and detection unit 220, the second control and detection unit 220 being designed as a secondary radar transmitter 222 and secondary radar receiver 224 or as a radar locating system 226.
- First data 130 of the respective unmanned aerial vehicles are transmitted via the ground station to the air monitoring system 300.
- Second data 230 of the respective manned aircraft are received via the secondary radar receiver 224 and / or via the radar location system 226 and sent to the air monitoring system 300, the second data 230 being transmitted in FLARM and / or ADS-B format.
- the first data 130 and second data 230 are transformed, stored and checked for collision. Based on this collision check, data 310 is transmitted via the ground station to the unmanned aerial vehicles and over the ground. kundärradar transmitter 222 transmitted to the manned aircraft, preferably in the FLARM and / or ADS-B format.
- the data 310 in particular the flight data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, are changed such that its flight route is changed in order to avoid the identified risk of collision.
- the airspace monitoring system 300 is also communicatively connected to an air traffic control center 400 to communicate the data 310 to the air traffic control center 400. In this way, the airspace can also be monitored via the air traffic control center 400.
- the airspace monitoring system 300 is also connected to an approval authority 500 for approval of ascent permissions and / or flight routes.
- an ascent permission can be requested and obtained for the unmanned aerial vehicle via the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the first data 130 of the unmanned aerial vehicle, in particular data of the planned flight route are checked within the airspace monitoring system 300 for possible overlaps or conflicts with no-fly zones. In addition, an audit to comply with regulatory requirements. If all prerequisites are met, the airspace monitoring system 300 requests and / or issues an ascent permission.
- FIG. 6 shows a method for acquiring first data 130 and second data 230 from the airspace monitoring system 300.
- first method 600 the first data 130 of the first aircraft, wherein the first aircraft is an unmanned aerial vehicle, is transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300 via the first control and detection unit designed as a ground station.
- second method 610 the second data 230 of the second aircraft, wherein the second aircraft is a manned aircraft, is detected by a tracking system, preferably by a secondary radar receiver or an ADS-B receiver, and transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300.
- a third method 620 provides that the second data of a manned aircraft is detected by a tracking network, preferably an open glider network, and transmitted to the airspace monitoring system 300.
- the open glider network is preferably used to capture second data from FLARM-equipped second aircraft, such as paragliders, smaller aircraft or helicopters.
- the first data 130 transmitted via the first method 600 to the airspace monitoring system and the second data 230 transmitted to the airspace monitoring system via the second method 610 and / or third method 620 are identified in the airspace monitoring system corresponding to the respective aircraft, transformed if necessary, and in the airspace monitoring system 300 saved.
- a collision check of the first data 130 embodied as flight data and of the second data 230 formed as flight data takes place. In this way, in the airspace monitoring system 300, a potential collision between a first aircraft and a second aircraft based on the flight data may be identified.
- FIG. 1 A method for distributing the data stored in the airspace monitoring system based on the first data and the second data is shown in FIG.
- the data transmitted by the airspace monitoring system may contain information on a changed flight route in order to avoid a collision in this way.
- the calculation of a new flight route via the airspace monitoring system, so that appropriate technology on board the unmanned aircraft is not required.
- Another method provides that the data of the airspace monitoring system are transmitted to the trained as a tracking system second control and detection unit and forwarded via ADS-B and / or FLARM to the manned aircraft.
- the manned wing devices are informed about the unmanned aerial vehicles located in the airspace.
- the data addressed to the manned aircraft may also contain information about a changed flight route, so that provision can be made in the manned aircraft for avoiding a collision or a risk of collision.
- another method provides that the data stored in the airspace surveillance system be transmitted for control purposes to the air traffic control unit for its further use and control.
- FIG. 8 shows a method for the distribution of data of the airspace monitoring system in the event of an unscheduled connection interruption between a first control and detection unit designed as a ground station and the airspace monitoring system or an unscheduled connection interruption between a second control and detection unit designed as a tracking system and the airspace monitoring system shown. If there is a connection interruption between the airspace monitoring system and the ground station, wherein the ground station is connected to an unmanned aerial vehicle (first aircraft), the expected flight route is determined or predicted in the unmanned aerial vehicle airspace monitoring system based on the last acquired first data.
- first aircraft unmanned aerial vehicle
- FIG. 9 describes a method for registration, identification and authentication of an unmanned aerial vehicle (first aircraft) in the airspace monitoring system.
- first aircraft unmanned aerial vehicle
- the operator of the unmanned aerial vehicle was registered in the airspace monitoring system.
- the operator and the unmanned aerial vehicle in a second step receive a uniquely assignable airspace monitoring system identification number.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle is clearly identifiable by the airspace monitoring system and the operator can be assigned legally secure.
- first data of the unmanned aerial vehicle received by the airspace monitoring system can be unambiguously assigned to the unmanned aerial vehicle and to the operator.
- the airspace monitoring system identification number is preferably a machine-readable identifier in the form of a QR code.
- the airspace monitoring system identification number is implemented in the unmanned aerial vehicle, preferably on a SIM card or a chip card. advantage. In this way, the airspace monitoring system identification number is associated with the unmanned aerial vehicle.
- All first data transmitted by the renamed aircraft has the airspace surveillance system identification number.
- the transmitted first data is digitally signed, so that the first data person or device bound introduced into the airspace monitoring system.
- FIG. 10 shows a method for airspace reservation, the method comprising two methods.
- the first method shows a procedure for planning the flight route and definition of the airspace in the run-up to departure
- the second method shows the procedure for airspace reservation immediately before departure.
- the method relates to first aircraft, which are designed as unmanned aerial vehicles.
- data of basic or temporary no-fly zones are stored in the airspace monitoring system or can be retrieved via a communication-technical connection of the airspace monitoring system with a licensing authority.
- data for compliance with special regulatory requirements are stored in the airspace monitoring system or can be retrieved via the licensing authority.
- the planned flight path for an unmanned aerial vehicle is transmitted in the form of first data to the airspace monitoring system.
- the airspace surveillance system shall pre-check the initial data related to the data stored in the airspace surveillance system or retrievable through the airspace surveillance system for any no-fly zones or other regulatory requirements, such as preferably a distance to specific areas or cities. If the unmanned aerial vehicle's planned flight path meets all requirements, the unmanned aerial vehicle airspace surveillance system identification number, unmanned aerial vehicle type, departure and arrival airports, flight route, duration of the scheduled flight and departure and departure date are stored in the airspace monitoring system.
- the stored data on the planned flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle are transmitted to the approval authority.
- the method for pre-departure airspace reservation, right-hand flow diagram proceeds essentially analogously to the first method described above, which describes the planning of the flight route before departure.
- the request for a permit to fly for the planned flight with the approval authority is shown in FIG.
- the first data of the planned flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle (first aircraft), together with the airspace surveillance system identification number, is transmitted to the approval authority with the request for a permit to fly.
- the approval authority examines the flight plan and issues feedback in the form of a decision.
- the decision may be a permit of the flight or a refusal of the permit to fly. If the licensing authority refuses the flight, it is necessary to reschedule the flight.
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- Remote Sensing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014105001.0A DE102014105001A1 (de) | 2014-04-08 | 2014-04-08 | Verfahren zur Luftraumüberwachung |
| PCT/EP2015/057599 WO2015155226A1 (de) | 2014-04-08 | 2015-04-08 | Verfahren zur luftraumüberwachung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3129971A1 true EP3129971A1 (de) | 2017-02-15 |
| EP3129971B1 EP3129971B1 (de) | 2021-06-02 |
Family
ID=52829074
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP15716011.0A Active EP3129971B1 (de) | 2014-04-08 | 2015-04-08 | Verfahren zur luftraumüberwachung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10325506B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3129971B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014105001A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015155226A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6633460B2 (ja) | 2015-09-04 | 2020-01-22 | パナソニック インテレクチュアル プロパティ コーポレーション オブ アメリカPanasonic Intellectual Property Corporation of America | 通知方法、通知装置及び端末 |
| US11034444B2 (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2021-06-15 | Blue Innovation Co., Ltd. | Flight management system for flying objects |
| US10140877B2 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-11-27 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Collision avoidance systems |
| DE102017008644A1 (de) | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-14 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektronischen Recheneinrichtung, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeuges, Bodenfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Bodenfahrzeuges |
| US10916150B2 (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2021-02-09 | Arkidan Systems Inc. | Computer-assisted aerial surveying and navigation |
| WO2019222133A1 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | Smartsky Networks LLC | Architecture for defining a private/priority network for communication on an aircraft |
| US11004345B2 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-05-11 | Walmart Apollo, Llc | Systems and methods for generating and monitoring flight routes and buffer zones for unmanned aerial vehicles |
| DE102019114354A1 (de) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | Volocopter Gmbh | Verfahren und System zur Vermeidung von Kollisionen zwischen Fluggeräten und anderen fliegenden Objekten |
| CN111524395B (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-07-20 | 成都民航空管科技发展有限公司 | 一种二次雷达应答机代码自动分配方法及系统 |
| US11797896B2 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2023-10-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Autonomous aerial vehicle assisted viewing location selection for event venue |
| US12183110B2 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2024-12-31 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Autonomous aerial vehicle projection zone selection |
| US11443518B2 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2022-09-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Uncrewed aerial vehicle shared environment privacy and security |
| US11726475B2 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2023-08-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Autonomous aerial vehicle airspace claiming and announcing |
| US12246860B2 (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2025-03-11 | Patrick Lee Nikitenko | Remote drop zone atmospherics and marking platform |
| US12154439B2 (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2024-11-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for ground-based automated flight management of urban air mobility vehicles |
| US12548451B2 (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2026-02-10 | The Boeing Company | Systems and methods for improving situational awareness of aircraft within an airspace |
| CN117649785B (zh) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-06-07 | 中国民航管理干部学院 | 一种无人机多运行人分布式协同冲突化解方法及系统 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5786773A (en) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-07-28 | The Boeing Company | Local-area augmentation system for satellite navigation precision-approach system |
| EP1127940A1 (de) * | 2000-02-26 | 2001-08-29 | Ciba Spezialitätenchemie Pfersee GmbH | Weichgriffmittel für Textilien auf Cyclodextrinbasis |
| US6545631B2 (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2003-04-08 | United Parcel Service Of America, Inc. | Integrated datalinks in a surveillance receiver |
| DE102005031439A1 (de) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-11 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Sattelitengestütztes System zur Warnung vor Kollisionen und zum Verkehrsmanagement von Vehikeln, wie Luftfahrzeugen |
| US20100121575A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2010-05-13 | Arinc Inc. | Systems and methods for aerial system collision avoidance |
| US8004452B2 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2011-08-23 | Raytheon Company | Methods and apparatus for coordinating ADS-B with mode S SSR and/or having single link communication |
| DE102007032084A1 (de) | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-22 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Kollisions- und Konfliktvermeidungssystem für autonome unbemannte Flugzeuge (UAV) |
| US7956795B2 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2011-06-07 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Transmission scheduling for ADS-B ground systems |
| US8437956B2 (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2013-05-07 | Kutta Technologies, Inc. | Unmanned aerial system position reporting system and related methods |
| DE102008013357B4 (de) * | 2008-03-10 | 2019-03-07 | Thales Alenia Space Deutschland Gmbh | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Flugsicherung und/oder Flugleitung von Luftfahrzeugen |
-
2014
- 2014-04-08 DE DE102014105001.0A patent/DE102014105001A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-04-08 WO PCT/EP2015/057599 patent/WO2015155226A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2015-04-08 EP EP15716011.0A patent/EP3129971B1/de active Active
- 2015-04-08 US US15/303,104 patent/US10325506B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015155226A1 (de) | 2015-10-15 |
| DE102014105001A1 (de) | 2015-10-08 |
| US20170025023A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
| EP3129971B1 (de) | 2021-06-02 |
| US10325506B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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