EP3146190A1 - Doppelzylinder-stirling-motor, mehrzylinder-stirling-motor sowie elektroenergie-erzeugungssystem - Google Patents
Doppelzylinder-stirling-motor, mehrzylinder-stirling-motor sowie elektroenergie-erzeugungssystemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3146190A1 EP3146190A1 EP15725538.1A EP15725538A EP3146190A1 EP 3146190 A1 EP3146190 A1 EP 3146190A1 EP 15725538 A EP15725538 A EP 15725538A EP 3146190 A1 EP3146190 A1 EP 3146190A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- stirling engine
- displacement
- working
- double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
- F02G2244/50—Double acting piston machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
- F02G2244/50—Double acting piston machines
- F02G2244/54—Double acting piston machines having two-cylinder twin systems, with compression in one cylinder and expansion in the other cylinder for each of the twin systems, e.g. "Finkelstein" engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a double-cylinder Stirling engine according to claim 1 with a pair of mutually opposed displacement cylinders and at least one working cylinder.
- double cylinder in the present application throughout the provision of two opposed displacement cylinders, each with a displacement piston for a motor according to the Stirling principle used, wherein the displacement piston of the displacement cylinder are mechanically coupled by a rigid piston rod.
- a Stirling engine also called a hot gas engine, is nowadays regarded as a suitable way for the particularly efficient realization of a heat-power coupling.
- the principle of the Stirling engine is based on the fact that heat is supplied to the engine from the outside in order to heat a working gas permanently taken up in the Stirling engine.
- the Stirling engine has two different temperature zones, a so-called hot zone and a so-called cold zone, which are located opposite one another in a displacement cylinder of the Stirling engine.
- the hot region and the cold region heat and cool the working gas trapped in the displacement cylinder, which alternately reciprocates between these regions and is thus alternately heated and cooled.
- a different expansion of the working gas and thus a pressure wave is accompanied, which translates a received in the working cylinder working piston.
- the translational movement generated according to the Stirling principle is then advantageously converted into rotational energy.
- the single-cylinder Stirling engine is exemplified in Fig. 1A.
- the single-cylinder Stirling engine shown in Fig. 1 A embodies the prior art in the light of the inventor, in which a displacement piston 1 1 of a displacement cylinder 10 of the single-cylinder Stirling engine along a displacement axis 41 parallel to the vertical, ie vertically moves is, and a working piston 21 of a working cylinder 20 of the single-cylinder Stirling engine is moved substantially along a working axis 25 orthogonal to the vertical, ie horizontally. More precisely, the single-cylinder Stirling engine shown in FIG.
- 1A comprises the displacement cylinder 10, which has a hot region 12, a cold region 13 and the displacement piston 1 1 movable along these axes 12 and 13 along the displacement axis 41, and which is mechanically coupled to a piston rod 30, and the working cylinder 20 with the along the working axis 25 movable working piston 21st Within the displacement cylinder 10 and the working cylinder 20, which are gas-conductively connected to each other by a gas line 18, there is a working gas.
- the working piston 21 is movable by a pressure change of the working gas along the working axis 25, and its translational movement along the working axis 25 is converted by a movement conversion device into a rotary movement of a rotary shaft of the single-cylinder Stirling engine about a rotation axis 39 of the rotary shaft.
- the movement conversion device is composed of a movable piston 21 by the working piston 22, a mechanically connected Häkolbenpleuel 23, which in turn is mechanically connected via a hinge device 33 which is radially spaced eccentrically from the axis of rotation 39 of the rotary shaft, with the rotary shaft or a mounted on the rotary shaft crank 37.
- the displacement piston 1 1 is coupled to the piston rod 30, which is held by a linear guide bearing 31 along the displacement axis 41 movably disposed between the displacement cylinder 10 and the rotation axis 39.
- the piston rod 30 is connected to a displacement connecting rod 34, which in turn is mechanically connected to the hinge device 33, so that these components are designed as a coupling device for mechanically coupling a movement of the piston rod 30 along the displacement axis 41 and the rotational movement of the rotary shaft.
- the inventor has further developed the single-cylinder Stirling engine, known from his point of view as prior art and shown in FIG. 1A, to the single-cylinder Stirling engine shown in FIG. 1B.
- the reference symbols introduced with regard to FIG. 1A also apply unchanged to the components of the single-cylinder Stirling engine illustrated in FIG. 1B, so that identical reference symbols in FIGS. 1A and 1B show identical components of the single-cylinder engines shown in FIG. Designate Stirling engines. Incidentally, this handling of the assignment of reference symbols and components also applies to all embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 1B is designed for a mode of operation in which the displacement piston 11 is moved substantially orthogonal to the vertical, ie horizontally along the displacement axis 41, and the working piston 21 is vertical along the working axis 25 is moved.
- the Stirling engine is that the piston rod 30, as shown in Fig. 1 B, is extended so that the linear guide bearing 31 of the single-cylinder Stirling engine of Fig. 1B no longer between the displacement cylinder 10th and the rotation axis 39 is arranged, but that the rotation axis 39 between the displacement cylinder 10 and the linear guide bearing 31 is arranged.
- the piston rod 30 is connected to the displacement connecting rod 34 via an extension 32.
- the existing of four cycles per revolution of the rotary shaft duty cycle of the single-cylinder Stirling engine will be explained below.
- the engine shown by way of example in FIGS. 2A to 2D is identical to the single-cylinder Stirling engine shown in FIG. 1B. For clarity, only a few of the reference numerals introduced and used in FIG. 1B have been omitted. Further, in Fig. 2A to 2D of the hinge device 33 to be traversed angular positions by the reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4.
- a second cycle of the working cycle illustrated in FIG. 2B the working piston 21 is pressed in the direction of top dead center due to the pressure increase of the working gas explained with reference to the first cycle, thereby carrying out work.
- the translational movement of the working piston is converted into rotational energy via the movement-converting device, so that the rotating shaft rotates about the axis of rotation 39 due to the work performed by the piston.
- the displacement piston is moved from the angular position 2 to the angular position 3 in the second cycle of the cycle shown in FIG. 2B, so that the displacement piston is moved close to the cold region 13, thus continuing the displacement of the working gas to the hot region 12.
- DE 490 930 A discloses a high-temperature double-cylinder Stirling engine designed as a hot air engine, wherein the displacement pistons of the displacer cylinders arranged next to one another are connected to one another via an articulated rocker.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an efficient Stirling engine with more than one cylinder, which advantageously reduces or prevents the multiplication of the above-mentioned friction losses and unnecessarily moved masses. Furthermore, an electric energy generation system provided with the Stirling engine according to the invention is to be provided.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by a double-cylinder Stirling engine according to claim 1, a multi-cylinder Stirling engine according to claim 10 and / or an electric power generation system according to claim 20.
- An inventive as a low-temperature PlattenStirling engine trained double-cylinder Stirling engine is equipped with a pair relative to a plane perpendicular to the (common) Verdrängerachse mirror plane mirror symmetry opposite displacement cylinders, each of the displacement cylinder has a hot plate hot area (or hot area ), a cold plate having a cold plate, and a displacement piston movable between these regions along the displacement axis, and wherein the displacement pistons of the pair are mechanically coupled to each other by at least one working cylinder by a rigidly movable piston rod movable along the displacement axis , wherein each displacement cylinder is associated with a working cylinder with a working piston (a working cylinder can, however, be assigned to a plurality of displacement cylinders), the baysko by a possible pressure change of an armature a movement conversion device for converting a movement of the working piston along the working axis into a rotational movement of a rotary shaft of the double-cylinder Stirling engine about an
- a displacement cylinder is associated with both cylinders.
- a separate working cylinder is associated with each of the two displacement cylinders, wherein in particular the working cylinders are arranged opposite each other (alternatively, for example, side by side), and wherein the movement conversion device further for converting the movements of the two working cylinder along the Working axis is formed in the rotational movement of the rotary shaft.
- mirror symmetry is meant that the two displacement cylinders are arranged opposite one another such that the cold regions of the displacement cylinders are arranged adjacent to one another and between the hot regions of the displacement cylinders.
- the hot regions of the displacement cylinders can be arranged adjacent to one another and between the cold regions of the displacement cylinders.
- the displacement cylinder can also be a common cold or share hot area (common cold or common hot area).
- displacement cylinder and in particular displacement piston arranged in opposite directions in the sense of the piston assembly of a boxer engine or aligned.
- the twin cylinder Stirling engine is a so-called plate Stirling engine for low temperature applications. This is characterized by the fact that the hot and the cold area of each hot or cold plate is formed.
- a hot or cold plate is understood to mean a flat component which has a smaller thickness than length and width extension.
- at least the area facing the associated piston side is at least approximately flat.
- An essential feature of the double-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention is that the two displacement cylinders relative to the longitudinal extent of the along the common displacement axis extending common piston rod opposite to each other and are mechanically coupled by the movable along the displacement axis rigid piston rod, so that upon movement of the displacement piston of the first displacement from the cold cylinder of the displacement cylinder to the hot region of the displacement cylinder at the same time the displacement piston of the second Displacement cylinder from the hot area to the cold area, preferably with the same amount of movement is moved.
- this embodiment of the invention enables the double cylinder Stirling engine eliminating an otherwise double-to-be provided piston rod (see Fig. 1 B piston rod 30), and thus also the omission of the thus unnecessarily moved mass, and further the complete omission of the known from Fig. 1 B linear guide bearing 31 and the associated friction losses in a movement of the piston rods.
- the rigid piston rod according to the invention thanks to the rigid piston rod according to the invention, the complexity of a coupling device for mechanically coupling the movement of the piston rod and the rotational movement of the rotary shaft and the associated moving masses and friction losses can be reduced.
- an essential feature of the present invention is that the working cylinders, which are associated with the two displacement cylinders, are formed in a particularly advantageous manner.
- a first alternative of the double-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention namely a displacement associated with both cylinders a common cylinder.
- the motion conversion device can be designed to be particularly efficient, since only the translational movement of a single working piston in a rotational movement of the rotary shaft must be implemented.
- the friction losses and moving masses occurring in the movement-changing device can be significantly reduced.
- This embodiment according to the invention is also particularly advantageous because only friction losses and moving masses of a single working piston and not of two working pistons are reduced in efficiency.
- a separate working cylinder is provided for each displacement cylinder.
- this embodiment of the invention allows realization of thewitsumsetz noticed with reduced friction losses and reduced moving masses, since the kinetic energy generated by the working piston can be applied to a single radially eccentrically spaced on the axis of rotation of the rotary shaft position on the rotary shaft.
- An embodiment is feasible in which the separate cylinders, in particular with respect to a plane receiving the displacement axis, are arranged opposite one another.
- both of the abovementioned alternatives of the essential features of the invention have the advantage that a working piston performs work in each cycle, so that a flywheel mounted on the rotary shaft can be omitted for overcoming or passing through the dead centers of the working piston, in particular if at least two the inventive, a common rotary shaft driving double cylinder Stirling engines are used.
- each of the displacement cylinders has a hot region having a hot plate and a cold region having a cold plate can be realized in two different ways.
- each displacement cylinder has its own hot plate and cold plate of its own, with all the plates being spaced apart along the displacement axis, so that in total there are four plates in the double cylinder Stirling engine, namely two hot plates and two cold plates Plates to form two hot and two cold areas.
- the hot regions of the double-cylinder Stirling engine or alternatively the cold regions are formed by a common, either hot or cold region, in particular a common hot or cold plate is particularly preferred, the mutually opposite direction their heating or cooling Cooling effect, wherein the common hot or cold area of the extending along the displacement axis rigid piston rod is interspersed.
- the construction described above, in which, although each displacement cylinder has a hot plate and a cold plate, the two hot regions or, alternatively, the two cold regions from a common hot or alternatively cold region (ie not formed by two regions separated by an air gap) has considerable advantages in terms of space minimization.
- the movement conversion device is preferably not located between the displacement cylinders, but adjacent to these along the longitudinal extent of the common displacement axis.
- the above-described embodiment of the twin-cylinder Stirling engine having a common hot or a common cold area may be both according to the first alternative be realized with a common working cylinder as well as according to the second alternative with separate working cylinders.
- the common hot region or the common cold region can be formed by a single hot or a single cold plate, in each case comprising two plate sections arranged side by side along the displacer axis.
- the common hot area or the common cold area is formed by two separate, mutually fixed hot or cold plates.
- the coupling device comprises a connecting rod, which mechanically couples the piston rod with a joint device mounted radially eccentrically on the rotary shaft, which may, in particular, be a crank.
- the movement conversion device comprises a connecting rod which mechanically couples the common working piston with a joint device mounted radially eccentrically on the rotary shaft, which can be a crank in particular.
- the movement conversion device may comprise two connecting rods, each mechanically coupling a different one of the two working pistons with a joint device mounted radially eccentrically on the rotary shaft, which may in particular be a crank.
- the displacement axis and the working axis are aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotary shaft. This allows a particularly efficient realization of the coupling device and the movement conversion device, so that unnecessarily moved masses are eliminated.
- the double-cylinder Stirling engine is designed for use of helium as the working gas or is equipped with helium as the working gas.
- each displacement cylinder is designed with a working gas passage such that to implement the Stirling principle in one of the four power strokes described above, the received in the interior of the displacement cylinder working gas from the side of the hot area to the side of the cold Area, through the displacement piston and / or past it, and in the reverse direction can flow.
- the gap mentioned in the description of the embodiments between the displacement piston of a displacement cylinder and the inner walls of this displacement cylinder, shown by way of example in the figures as gap 17, 17A, 17B, exemplifies one of these possibilities of realization of the working gas passage.
- a gap When a gap is provided as the working gas passage, it can be chosen to be arbitrarily small, provided that the gap permits flow through the working gas and movement of the displacement piston along the displacement axis.
- At least one of the displacement piston is designed as a regenerator, characterized in that the displacement piston is provided with passages for the working gas, which are filled with a regenerator material, preferably steel wool.
- the common working cylinder two spatially separated by the working piston gas chambers for receiving the working gas, which are each gas-conductively connected to a gas space for receiving the working gas of a different one of the displacement cylinder.
- a gas space of the first displacement cylinder is gas-conductively connected to a gas space of the associated first working cylinder, and separately thereof, a gas space of the second displacement cylinder is gas-conductively connected to a gas space of the second working cylinder associated therewith.
- gas line with reference numerals 18, 18A and 18B, respectively can also be realized for both alternatives in that the gas spaces directly adjoin one another in a gas-conducting manner, without an additionally provided line section between them is provided.
- the double-cylinder Stirling engine and in particular its Drehwel- le flywheel-free configured.
- the double-cylinder Stirling engine is designed as an ultra-low temperature Stirling engine and then also capable of generating rotational energy when the temperature of the hot region is within a temperature range between 80 ° C and 140 ° C and / or below 120 ° C, especially 100 ° C.
- the object of the present invention is also achieved by a multi-cylinder Stirling engine, which is composed of a plurality of n, where n is at least two of the previously described inventive double-cylinder Stirling engines.
- the respective rotary shafts of the individual double-cylinder Stirling engines of the multi-cylinder Stirling engine forming plurality are formed by a RescueJwelle.
- the total rotational shaft may be formed in one piece or may also be formed in several pieces, provided that the several sections are mechanically connected to each other.
- the respective displacements of the displacement pistons of adjacent ones of the plurality of double-cylinder Stirling engines are respectively 1 / n, that is, the reciprocal of the number of double-cylinder Stirling engines constituting the multi-cylinder Stirling engine of the stroke of the Displacement piston offset from each other or have a clock offset of 180 / n degrees with respect to the movement of the displacement piston to each other. This allows a particularly uniform operation of the multi-cylinder Stirling engine and thus a particularly efficient operation of the engine can be achieved.
- the multi-cylinder Stirling engine of the present invention may thus be configured as a four-cylinder Stirling engine, six-cylinder Stirling engine, eight-cylinder Stirling engine, ten-cylinder Stirling engine, and so forth.
- the multi-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention can also be designed so that the joint devices adjacent to each other
- this is designed as a four-cylinder Stirling engine by a mechanically coupled arrangement of two of the above-described two-cylinder Stirling engines according to the invention.
- a displacement of the displacement piston of the first double-cylinder Stirling engine is offset by a half stroke of the displacement piston to a deflection of the displacement piston of the second double-cylinder Stirling engine and has a clock offset of 90 degrees.
- the hinge means of the two double-cylinder Stirling engines are mounted on the total rotation shaft offset by 90 degrees from each other and are mounted radially from the rotation axis of the total rotation shaft, in particular at an identical distance.
- the four-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention provides a very good compromise between the number of cylinders used, the cost of materials and the smooth operation of the Stirling engine.
- the multi-cylinder Stirling engine is designed as a plate Stirling engine, wherein preferably a plurality of spatially adjacent hot areas (12A, 12C, 12B, 12D) is preferably formed as a continuous hot plate and / or a plurality of spatially adjacent cold areas ( 13A, 13C, 13B, 13D) is preferably formed as a continuous cold plate.
- the multi-cylinder Stirling engine and in particular its overall rotational shaft are configured flywheel-free, so that the moving masses are reduced to a minimum.
- an embodiment of the twin cylinder Stirling engine is particularly preferred in which the two positive displacement cylinders of the twin cylinder Stirling engine share a hot region or cold region, i. have a common hot or cold area.
- Such an embodiment of a double-cylinder Stirling engine or at least two, preferably more than two such double-cylinder Sirling engines are combined in a further development of the invention to a (more than two-cylinder) multi-cylinder Stirling engine. There are different possibilities for this.
- the double-cylinder Stirling engines coupled in this way are assigned a common movement-converting device which, if required, can be arranged in a region between the double-cylinder Stirling engines coupled via the common piston rod.
- the double-cylinder Stirling engines coupled in the manner described above have a common, double-acting working cylinder to which the common movement-converting device is preferably assigned.
- two double-cylinder Stirling engines are arranged so that they directly adjoin one another, such that they share a hot area or a cold area. It is also possible to arrange more than two double-cylinder Stirling engines in this way in series next to each other, wherein preferably each adjacent double-cylinder Stirling engines have a common hot - or alternatively cold area. All pistons of the so arranged double cylinder Stirling engines are connected to each other via a common rigid and extending in the direction of the common displacement axis piston rod and thus move back and forth uniformly. Again, it is possible and preferable to include all those coupled in the manner described above, i.
- packet-wise or stacked arranged double-cylinder Stirling engines assign a common double-acting cylinder or alternatively two separate, single-acting cylinder, the double-acting cylinder is preferably connected via corresponding gas lines with all displacement cylinders of the double cylinder Stirling engines.
- each of the working cylinders is gas-conductively connected to half of the displacement cylinders.
- the present invention provides an electric power generation system having one of the above-described twin cylinder Stirling engines or multi-cylinder Stirling engines of the invention and an electric generator for converting the rotational energy of the shaft of the Stirling engine to the rotary shaft of the Stirling engine. Motors in electrical energy. This can be a Particularly efficient electric power generation system can be realized, which converts heat energy into electrical energy by means of an ultra-low temperature Stirling engine.
- Fig. 1B shows a schematic view of a single-cylinder Stirling engine serving as a further development of the single-cylinder Stirling engine shown in Fig. 1A as an improved starting point for the present invention
- Figs. 2A-2D illustrate a sequence of four work cycles of a duty cycle of the single cylinder Stirling engine shown in Fig. 1B; shows an embodiment according to the invention of a double-cylinder Stirling engine according to the first alternative; shows an embodiment according to the invention of a double-cylinder Stirling engine according to the second alternative; an embodiment of a four-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention, an alternative embodiment of a twin-cylinder Stirling engine according to the first alternative, wherein the two displacement cylinder share a hot area, ie have a common hot area, an alternative embodiment of a double cylinder Stirling engine according to the second alternative, wherein here the separate, single-acting working cylinders are arranged side by side, an alternative embodiment of a four-cylinder Stirling engine, in which the double-cylinder Stirling engines have a common piston rod which rigidly connects all pistons together and wherein the coupled double-cylinder Stirling engines each have a common hot area, and
- FIG. 9 shows a further alternative embodiment of a four-cylinder Stirling engine in a package design, in which two double-cylinder Stirling engines directly adjoin one another and share a common cold region.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the double-cylinder Stirling engine according to the first alternative according to the invention.
- the same or similar reference numerals which have already been used to explain Fig. 1 denote the same or similar components as in Fig. 1.
- the twin-cylinder Stirling engine shown in FIG. 3 comprises two displacement cylinders 10A and 10B.
- the displacement cylinder 10A has a hot region 12A, a cold region 13A and a displacement piston 11A movable between these regions 12A and 13A along a common displacement axis 41.
- the displacement piston 1 1 A and 1 1 B are coupled together by a movable along the displacement axis 41 rigid piston rod 40.
- the displacement cylinders 10A, 10B are mirror images of each other, with respect to an imaginary mirror plane, which is penetrated vertically by the displacement piston 1 1 A and the displacement axis 41.
- the piston rod 40 is movably supported by two bearings 29A and 29B and sealed to the gas space 15A and 15B, respectively, so as to be impervious to gas.
- the common working cylinder 20 is provided with a working piston 21, which is movable along a working axis 25, as shown in Fig. 3, according to the first alternative of the invention.
- a linear or translational movement of the working piston 21 is passed via a working piston rod 22 to a working piston connecting rod 23 connected thereto, which is rotatably connected at its other end to a hinge device 33 which is radially eccentric attached to a crank wheel 37.
- the crank wheel 37 is mechanically connected to the rotary shaft of the double cylinder Stirling engine.
- the piston rod 40 is provided with a radially projecting projection 32 from this, at the radially projecting end of a connecting rod 34 is rotatably mounted.
- the other end of the connecting rod 34 is rotatably attached to the hinge 33.
- the movement-converting device is embodied by the working piston rod 22, in particular the connecting rod 23 rotatably mounted thereon and the articulation device 33. As illustrated in FIG.
- the twin-cylinder Stirling engine particularly when grouping at least two twin cylinders, is provided with only one crank wheel 37 but not with a flywheel (see reference numeral 38 in FIG. 1 for comparison).
- the axis of rotation of the rotary shaft is designated by the reference numeral 39.
- the common working cylinder 20 has two gas chambers 24A and 24B spatially separated by the working piston 21.
- the gas space 24A of the working cylinder 20 is gas-conductively connected via a gas line 18A to a gas space 15A of the first displacement cylinder 10A, which together form an outwardly closed space in which a working gas quantity assigned to the first displacement cylinder 10A is inevitably enclosed to the outside.
- the second gas space 24B of the working cylinder 20 is connected via a gas line 18B to a gas space 15B of the second displacement cylinder 10B. In the second gas space 24B of the working piston 21, the second gas line 18B and the second gas space 15B of the second displacement cylinder 10B a second quantity of working gas is inevitably enclosed to the outside.
- the connecting rod 34 and the connecting rod 23 are rotatably mounted on the same radially eccentrically mounted on the rotary shaft hinge device 33.
- the displacement axis 41 and the working axis 25 are aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation 39 of the rotary shaft.
- a gap 17 A is provided between the first displacement piston 1 1 A and the inner wall of the first displacement cylinder 10 A. Also between the second displacement piston 1 1 B of the second displacement cylinder 10 B, a gap 17 B is provided. Columns 17A and 17B depicted in Fig.
- 3 represent the aforementioned working gas passage, have been shown as a column for simplicity of illustration only, and may generally be used in accordance with the invention, as previously indicated, with one having passages from the hot region to the cold region provided a displacement piston, providing a gap between the displacement piston and the inner wall of the displacement cylinder, a working gas bypass line for deflecting a received in the space between the hot region and the displacement piston working gas around the displacement piston around, so on the other side of the displacement piston, to the space between the displacement piston and the cold area and in the reverse direction, or by any combination thereof.
- the respective displacement piston is provided with passages and regenerator (preferably the passages are filled with a material, preferably steel wool, filled), so that the majority of the displaced working gas through the displacement piston passes through to the other side of the displacement piston and only one, preferably by at least one Order of magnitude, smaller part of the displaced working gas through the gap on the other side of the displacement piston passes.
- passages and regenerator preferably the passages are filled with a material, preferably steel wool, filled
- FIG. 4 an embodiment of the invention of the double-cylinder Stirling engine according to the second alternative is illustrated.
- FIG. 4 to avoid a redundant explanation, only the features of FIG. 4 which are different from FIG. 3 are entered.
- the double-cylinder Stirling engine exemplified in FIG. 4 comprises two spatially separate working cylinders 20A and 20B.
- a first working piston 21 A along the working axis 25 is movable.
- the working piston 21 A is rotatably connected via a working piston rod 22 A with a connecting rod 23 A, which in turn is rotatably mounted on a hinge device 33.
- the second working cylinder 20B comprises a second working piston 21B, which is rotatably connected via a working piston rod 22B to a connecting rod 23B, which in turn is rotatably connected to the articulation device 33.
- a total of three connecting rods 34, 23 A and 23 B are rotatably connected to the articulation device 33.
- the hinge device 33 is designed as a crank and mounted radially eccentrically on a crank wheel 37 which is mechanically connected to the rotatable about the rotation axis 39 rotary shaft.
- Fig. 5 exemplifies a four-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention, which is composed of two double-cylinder Stirling engines according to the invention.
- the reference symbols already explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 denote the same or similar components, so that in order to avoid redundant explanation, only essential differences or further developments of the embodiment with respect to the embodiments described above are to be explained.
- the four-cylinder Stirling engine shown in Fig. 5 comprises a piston rod 40AB (along a first displacement axis 41 AB), at each end of which a displacement piston 1 1 A and 1 1 B is mounted, and a piston rod 40CD (along a second displacement axis 41 CD), at whose ends in each case a displacement piston 1 1 C or 1 1 D is attached.
- the deflection of the displacement piston 1 1 A is offset at any time by half of the stroke of the displacement piston 1 1 A relative to the deflection of the displacement piston 1 1 C. The same applies to the deflections with respect to the displacement piston 1 1 B and 1 1 D.
- a hot region 12A of the first displacement cylinder 10A and a hot region 12C of the displacement cylinder 10C spatially adjacent to the first extension cylinder 10A are preferably formed as a continuous hot plate, as well as the hot regions 12B and 12D are preferably formed as a continuous hot plate are.
- a respective crank wheel 37AB or 37CD is fixed centrally.
- On the crank wheel 37AB is mounted radially eccentrically a joint device 33AB whose movement is coupled via a connecting rod 34AB to the piston rod 40AB.
- crank wheel 37CD and one of these associated hinge device 34CD and the piston rod 40CD are provided.
- the working piston of the four-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention in Fig. 5 are not shown.
- the invention provides various embodiments with respect to the number and arrangement of the working cylinder.
- a common working cylinder may be provided, or for each of these displacement cylinders, a separate working cylinder may be provided.
- the invention also includes a four-cylinder Stirling engine in which a common working cylinder is provided for two displacement cylinders of a double-cylinder arrangement, and a separate working cylinder is provided for each of the two other displacement cylinders.
- a common working cylinder is provided for two displacement cylinders of a double-cylinder arrangement
- a separate working cylinder is provided for each of the two other displacement cylinders.
- the power pistons of the four-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention are arranged and mechanically coupled to the displacement piston, that during operation of the four-cylinder Stirling engine constantly at least one of the working piston performs work. Therefore, the four-cylinder Stirling engine does not require a flywheel.
- the displacement axes 41 AB and 41 CD, along which the piston rods 40AB and 40CD can be deflected or moved, are parallel to one another. aligned and perpendicular to the axis of rotation 39 of the total rotational shaft 36.
- the displacement pistons are preferably movable along horizontally oriented displacement axes and / or the working pistons are preferably movable along vertically aligned working axes.
- the orientation of the displacement cylinder and / or working cylinder on which this preferred embodiment is based also applies according to the invention to Stirling engines, which are composed of more than two of the double-cylinder Stirling engines according to the invention.
- the multi-cylinder Stirling engine according to the invention is designed as a radial engine so that at least two pairs of mutually mirror-symmetrical opposite displacement cylinders, ie at least two double cylinders, to a circumferential direction, preferably vertically extending, total rotational shaft to each other, preferably in a same Angle offset.
- the training as a radial engine allows a particularly advantageous arrangement of the total rotational shaft and the moving piston of the multi-cylinder Stirling engine, since thus the effects of the weighting force of the moving parts of the multi-cylinder Stirling engine can be reduced.
- the embodiment of a double-cylinder Stirling engine shown in FIG. 6 essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3. It can be seen that the two displacement cylinders 10A, 10B supply a common double-acting working cylinder 20 or via this via gas lines 18A, 18B are connected.
- each of the displacement cylinders 10A, 10B has its own hot area 12A, 12B and its own cold area 13A, 13B.
- the heating or plate sections designated by the reference symbols 12A, 12B form a common hot region, which can be formed by two hot plates fixed to one another or a common hot plate. It is essential that the common hot area supplies heat to both displacement cylinders 10A, 10B.
- the motion conversion device is adjacent to both displacement cylinders 10A, 10B and not between them.
- the exemplary embodiment of a double-cylinder Stirling engine according to FIG. 7 substantially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4.
- two single-acting working cylinders are connected in gas-conducting manner to one of the displacement cylinders 10A, 10B via a gas line 18A or 18B are.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 substantially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
- the working cylinders are not arranged opposite one another with respect to the displacement axis 41, but instead are located on the same side of the displacement axis 41 and a receiving this level, which also extends perpendicular to a mirror plane to which the displacement cylinder 10A, 10B are arranged mirror-symmetrically.
- the working cylinders 20A, 20B are located next to each other along the displacement axis 41 and are arranged concurrently along parallel, immediately adjacent working axes 25A, 25B.
- the exemplary embodiment of a multi-cylinder Stirling engine shows two double-cylinder Stirling engines interconnected via a common rigid piston rod 40, each being constructed as shown in FIG.
- the motion conversion device is located between the coupled twin Stirling engines, but may alternatively be laterally offset from both.
- the twin-cylinder Stirling engines are characterized in that they each share a common hot area - alternatively, it is possible that both share a cold area.
- a significant advantage in the multi-cylinder Stirling engine shown is that all displacement cylinders 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D share a common, double-acting working cylinder 20 - in concrete terms, the displacement cylinders 10A, 10D oriented in the same direction over each a gas line 18A, 18D connected to a common gas space 24A and the other two displacement cylinder 10b and 10c via a respective gas line 18B, 18C with the opposite, common gas space 24B of the common working cylinder 20.
- the embodiment shown is alternatively also with separate, simple acting working cylinders 20 realized.
- the shown multi-cylinder Stirling engine is scalable, in particular analogous to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, in that two or more double-cylinder Stirling engines coupled in each case via a common piston rod are moved along the (common) seed) axis of rotation 39 are arranged side by side and drive the common axis of rotation 39.
- a multi-cylinder Stirling engine which is exemplified here as a four-cylinder Stirling engine, but in principle is arbitrarily expandable to other double-cylinder Stirling engines.
- the two double-cylinder Stirling engines arranged along the common piston rod 40 have a common cold region 13B, 13C.
- the dual cylinder Stirling engines each have a common hot region 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D, respectively.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014107308.8A DE102014107308B4 (de) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Doppelzylinder-Stirling-Motor, Mehrzylinder-Stirling-Motor sowie Elektroenergie-Erzeugungssystem |
| PCT/EP2015/060670 WO2015177035A1 (de) | 2014-05-23 | 2015-05-13 | Doppelzylinder-stirling-motor, mehrzylinder-stirling-motor sowie elektroenergie-erzeugungssystem |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3146190A1 true EP3146190A1 (de) | 2017-03-29 |
| EP3146190B1 EP3146190B1 (de) | 2018-11-28 |
Family
ID=53274504
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15725538.1A Active EP3146190B1 (de) | 2014-05-23 | 2015-05-13 | Doppelzylinder-stirling-motor, mehrzylinder-stirling-motor sowie elektroenergie-erzeugungssystem |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3146190B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014107308B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015177035A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021175353A1 (de) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-09-10 | Jochen Benz | Stirlingmotor |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2700131T3 (es) | 2013-07-17 | 2019-02-14 | Tour Engine Inc | Válvula de transferencia de corredera de carrete en motor de ciclo dividido |
| US10253724B2 (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2019-04-09 | Tour Engine, Inc. | Variable volume transfer shuttle capsule and valve mechanism |
| WO2020097569A1 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-14 | Tour Engine, Inc. | Transfer mechanism for a split-cycle engine |
| US20220042497A1 (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-02-10 | Navita Energy, Inc. | Enhanced low temperature difference-powered devices, systems, and methods |
| CN113565647B (zh) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-09-12 | 杨士中 | 一种y型斯特林发动机 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE490930C (de) * | 1930-02-03 | Joseph Koenig | Heissluftmaschine mit einem Arbeitszylinder und zwei Verdraengerzylindern | |
| US3994136A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1976-11-30 | Josam Manufacturing Co. | Hot gas engine |
| JPS59203853A (ja) * | 1983-05-04 | 1984-11-19 | Shisei Fujita | スタ−リング機関 |
| DE3723950A1 (de) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-08-11 | Helmut Prof Dr Krauch | Regenerative waermemaschine mit einem hypozykloidischen exzenter-kurbelgetriebe |
| JP4630626B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社サクション瓦斯機関製作所 | 熱機関 |
| DE202009000309U1 (de) * | 2009-01-12 | 2009-04-23 | Schmid, Josef | Additor Stirlingmotor und Auftrieb |
| DE202009016564U1 (de) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-04-15 | Merling, Eduard, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) | Wärmekraftmaschine nach Stirling-Prinzip |
| FI20140044L (fi) * | 2014-02-17 | 2015-08-18 | Seppo LAITINEN | Monivaiheinen polttomoottori jossa on vaiheittain toimiva mäntä |
-
2014
- 2014-05-23 DE DE102014107308.8A patent/DE102014107308B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-05-13 EP EP15725538.1A patent/EP3146190B1/de active Active
- 2015-05-13 WO PCT/EP2015/060670 patent/WO2015177035A1/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021175353A1 (de) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-09-10 | Jochen Benz | Stirlingmotor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3146190B1 (de) | 2018-11-28 |
| DE102014107308B4 (de) | 2020-12-17 |
| DE102014107308A1 (de) | 2015-11-26 |
| WO2015177035A1 (de) | 2015-11-26 |
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