EP3147420B1 - Disposition pour chauffer, en particulier pour secher, un élément de construction d'un batiment - Google Patents

Disposition pour chauffer, en particulier pour secher, un élément de construction d'un batiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3147420B1
EP3147420B1 EP16190011.3A EP16190011A EP3147420B1 EP 3147420 B1 EP3147420 B1 EP 3147420B1 EP 16190011 A EP16190011 A EP 16190011A EP 3147420 B1 EP3147420 B1 EP 3147420B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diffusion
component
heating system
insulation
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16190011.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3147420A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartwig Künzel
Andreas Zegowitz
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of EP3147420A1 publication Critical patent/EP3147420A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis

Definitions

  • the application relates to an arrangement for heating, in particular for drying, a component of a building.
  • Damp walls and floors after water damage are usually dried by heating the rooms or by infrared heating panels, which heat the surfaces to dry the building components.
  • Underfloor drying systems are used for floors if they contain insulation. Both systems are very energy-intensive and often leave damp spots that cannot be reached by the drying systems, such as the floor-to-wall transition.
  • a device for drying damp building parts such as wall, ceiling, floor or beam areas is known.
  • a heated layer is arranged on the surface of the part of the building to be dried or just in front of it.
  • This layer is a good conductor of heat.
  • the layer is perforated in the form of a lattice.
  • thermal insulation open to diffusion On the side facing away from the part of the building to be dried, there is thermal insulation open to diffusion.
  • the heating mat contains a heating layer applied on one side to a thermal insulation layer and an electrically insulating barrier layer applied to the heating layer.
  • a thermally conductive layer is bonded to the barrier layer.
  • the heat conducting layer of the heating mat is brought into contact with the wall to be heated. As a result, the moisture is pushed through the wall from the heated side of the wall and aired out on the unheated wall side.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve such arrangements.
  • the component is in particular a wall and/or a floor and/or a ceiling. But it can also be a roof or the like. It can basically be understood as any component of a building that may require drying. In many cases it is masonry.
  • the structure has a heating system and diffusion-open insulation.
  • the heating system is designed in such a way that the component can be heated by the heat provided by the heating system.
  • the heater is an electrical resistance heater that can be brought into direct contact with the component.
  • the diffusion-open insulation is arranged or can be arranged in such a way that heat transport of the heat provided by the heating system into the heating system-side environment of the component can be reduced.
  • the permeable insulation is arranged during operation in such a way that heat losses on the heating system side are reduced. It is therefore not primarily a matter of providing diffusion-open insulation on the outside when heating the inside of an outside wall, for example. Rather, to stay with this example, the heating system and the vapor-permeable insulation should be arranged on the inside. It is clear that the diffusion-open insulation must not prevent the heat provided by the heating system from entering the component to be heated.
  • heating system and diffusion-open insulation are preconfigured to form an overall system, which can then be combined with a component as such. This might be preferred.
  • heating system and/or diffusion-open insulation it is possible to flexibly design the heating system and/or diffusion-open insulation. This allows the heating system and the diffusion-open insulation to be adapted to the shape of the component to be heated on site.
  • the AT 507 536 A1 also has electrical resistance heating.
  • a heated layer with good thermal conductivity is provided for distributing the heat.
  • This layer has a number of openings so that the moisture can be removed.
  • the layer is normally a plate.
  • a film can also be used instead of the plate.
  • a loss of thermal conductivity that accompanies this is mentioned as a disadvantage.
  • the thermally conductive layer can be omitted entirely.
  • the heat conduction in the component to be dried is sufficiently high. This is particularly true in view of the diffusion-open insulation, which represents a high level of thermal resistance.
  • the omission of the layer is therefore thermodynamically possible and simplifies the structure.
  • the omission of the layer also facilitates the removal of moisture. Even if the layer according to AT 507 536 A1 Has holes, but it represents a resistance for the moisture to be dissipated.
  • the structure is designed to accelerate the drying of the component.
  • the drying of components is a significant problem. Components are usually heated to dry them.
  • the present structure is therefore fundamentally suitable for this.
  • the heating system does not impede drying.
  • a steam-impermeable heating foil is out of the question for drying applications. Drying is not only important after water damage.
  • the present invention is also suitable for these applications.
  • the structure can also be used to accelerate the reactions of building materials.
  • polymeric sealers set faster when heated.
  • the system can also be used to combat microorganisms through heat treatment.
  • the present heating system can be brought into direct contact with the component.
  • the heating system is installed as close as possible to the component, although direct contact is normally not essential.
  • the diffusion-open insulation leads to a shield, so that the use of the rooms is usually not excluded even during the duration of the drying measures.
  • the use of the rooms is usually severely restricted or excluded.
  • diffusion-open insulation is on a floor
  • additional measures can be taken to ensure that the floor remains accessible. It is conceivable, for example, to arrange a metal grid on the side of the vapor-permeable insulation that is at the top when installed, which is removed from the floor by spacers, so that people who step on the metal grid do not impair or damage the vapor-permeable insulation.
  • the present invention permits energy-efficient drying. This is mainly due to the fact that due to the insulation, primarily only the component to be dried is heated, but not the environment.
  • drying measures known in the prior art such as drying and circulating the air in the building
  • the present invention also allows corners to be dried efficiently. In many cases it also makes sense to combine different drying measures.
  • the drying known in the prior art can be carried out by circulating dry air in the building and in a second phase, the drying according to the present invention can take place.
  • the heating system is formed by electric heating wires.
  • electrical resistance heaters are common and proven. They are therefore also suitable for the present application.
  • heating wires which serve as a heating system, are installed in a diffusion-open fabric or fleece serving as diffusion-open insulation, in particular in a diffusion-open glass fiber fabric or glass fiber fleece.
  • a diffusion-open fabric or fleece serving as diffusion-open insulation, in particular in a diffusion-open glass fiber fabric or glass fiber fleece.
  • the diffusion-open insulation and the heating system are available as one component. It is also ensured that the heating system is open to diffusion, which is necessary for drying. It goes without saying that the heating wires are to be attached on one side, more precisely on the side that faces the component to be dried during installation.
  • a diffusion-open insulation made of mineral fibers serves as the diffusion-open insulation.
  • This insulation can be used in particular together with the above-mentioned permeable fabric or fleece.
  • the fabric or fleece, in which the heating wires are incorporated, is on the side facing the component to be dried in the installed position. This is followed by the mineral fiber insulation on the side facing away from the component in the installation position. This forms a mat that can be used as a compact unit for drying.
  • the heating system and the diffusion-open insulation are arranged in an interior or the exterior of the building.
  • the heating system and the diffusion-open insulation can be arranged outdoors in order to dry a component designed as an outer wall from the outside.
  • the heating system and the diffusion-open insulation can be arranged on the outer wall.
  • both sides are in the interior. It is possible to arrange the heating system and the diffusion-open insulation on one side or on both sides. This also applies to a ceiling forming the component, which at the same time forms the floor for the storey above.
  • the fastening of the heating system and diffusion-open insulation is sometimes a little more difficult on the ceiling, but the impairment for the users is often less than with an arrangement on the floor of the floor above.
  • the heating system is additionally formed by a layer that absorbs solar radiation and the insulation that is open to diffusion by a translucent thermal insulation. It goes without saying that this embodiment only makes sense if the absorbing layer is actually exposed to the solar radiation to a significant extent. As a rule, this is only the case with the side facing the outside, ie the outside, of an outer wall, provided that this is sufficiently oriented towards the sun.
  • the layer absorbing solar radiation can be formed by the surface of the component, ie normally the surface of the outer wall.
  • the thermal insulation that is open to diffusion is impermeable to water. This is particularly important when installed outdoors to prevent exposure to rainwater.
  • a diffusion-open but water-impermeable membrane Such membranes are known in the prior art. Especially with translucent ones Thermal insulation, which is normally arranged outdoors and is therefore exposed to the rain, such permeable and water-impermeable membranes are useful. They can serve as a termination facing away from the component. Of course, such membranes can also be attached to other diffusion-open insulation, such as the mineral fiber insulation described above.
  • the heating system can be regulated, with temperature sensors and moisture sensors in particular being possible in the component and on the component surfaces.
  • a target temperature can be specified in the component that is to be reached.
  • Safety aspects can also be taken into account through the regulation, for example if a certain temperature in the component or in the insulation must not be exceeded for fire protection reasons. It is also conceivable to want to ensure that the building can be used during drying and to regulate the heating system in such a way that no unpleasant overheating of rooms in the building occurs.
  • fastening devices for fastening the heating system and diffusion-open insulation to the component. This can be accomplished with nails, double-sided tape, clamp strips, Velcro, and a variety of other means.
  • the aforementioned embodiments can contribute to the fact that use by less trained personnel or do-it-yourselfers is also possible.
  • a simple attachment can thus facilitate the use of the invention.
  • figure 1 schematic of a building.
  • FIG. 1 Schematically shown building 1 with an interior 2 has as components a floor 3, a ceiling 4, a roof 5 and an outer wall 6.
  • the ceiling 4 also serves as the floor of an attic 7.
  • a heating system 11 with diffusion-open insulation 12 is arranged.
  • the heating system 11 is a flexible electrical heater, more precisely a heating wire that is incorporated into fleece. This is followed by the diffusion-open insulation 12 made of mineral fibers.
  • Such a structure is also used for drying the area 10 of the ceiling 4, both on the side facing the interior space 2 and on the side facing the attic floor 7.
  • a heating wire which is incorporated into fleece, is also provided as a heating system 11 on the outside.
  • a translucent thermal insulation 13 serves as a diffusion-open insulation.
  • a non-illustrated water-impermeable but diffusion-open membrane is arranged on the side of the translucent thermal insulation 13 facing away from the heating system 11. The radiation coming from the sun 14 passes through the translucent thermal insulation and is then absorbed. This means that there is additional heating.
  • a common heating system 11 with diffusion-open insulation 12 is arranged for drying the areas 8 and 9 . Due to the flexible design, the heating system 11 with vapor-permeable insulation 12 can be routed around the corner.
  • the arrows 15 indicate the evaporation that takes place both in the interior 2, the attic 7 and in the environment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Structure, notamment structure flexible, pour chauffer un composant (3, 4, 5, 6) d'un bâtiment (1), configurée pour guider et évacuer l'humidité hors du composant (3, 4, 5, 6) à travers la structure, le composant étant notamment un mur (6) et/ou un sol (3, 4) et/ou un plafond (4), présentant un système chauffant (11) et une isolation ouverte à la diffusion (12, 13), le système chauffant (11) étant configuré de telle sorte que la chaleur fournie par le système chauffant (11) peut réaliser un réchauffement du composant (3, 4, 5, 6), et l'isolation ouverte à la diffusion (12, 13) étant agencée ou pouvant être agencée de telle sorte qu'un transport de chaleur de la chaleur fournie par le système chauffant (11) dans l'environnement côté système chauffant du composant (3, 4, 5, 6) peut être réduit, caractérisée en ce que le système chauffant (11) est un chauffage à résistance électrique qui peut être mis en contact direct avec le composant (3, 4, 5, 6).
  2. Structure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la structure est configurée pour accélérer le séchage du composant (3, 4, 5, 6).
  3. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des fils chauffants sont intégrés dans un tissu ou un non-tissé ouvert à la diffusion servant d'isolation ouverte à la diffusion (12), notamment dans un tissu en fibres de verre ou un non-tissé en fibre de verre ouvert à la diffusion, qui servent de système chauffant (11).
  4. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une isolation ouverte à la diffusion en fibres minérales sert d'isolation ouverte à la diffusion (12).
  5. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le système chauffant (11) et l'isolation ouverte à la diffusion (12, 13) sont agencés dans un espace intérieur ou dans l'espace extérieur du bâtiment.
  6. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le système chauffant (11) est en outre formé par une couche absorbant le rayonnement solaire et l'isolation ouverte à la diffusion est formée par une isolation thermique translucide (13).
  7. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'isolation thermique ouverte à la diffusion (13) est imperméable à l'eau.
  8. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une régulation du système chauffant (11) est possible, des capteurs de température et des capteurs d'humidité étant notamment possibles dans le composant (3, 4, 5, 6) et sur les surfaces du composant.
  9. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des dispositifs de fixation sont présents pour la fixation sur le composant (3, 4, 5, 6).
EP16190011.3A 2015-09-22 2016-09-21 Disposition pour chauffer, en particulier pour secher, un élément de construction d'un batiment Active EP3147420B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015116025.0A DE102015116025A1 (de) 2015-09-22 2015-09-22 Anordnung zur Erwärmung, insbesondere zur Trocknung, eines Bauteils eines Gebäudes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3147420A1 EP3147420A1 (fr) 2017-03-29
EP3147420B1 true EP3147420B1 (fr) 2022-10-26

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EP16190011.3A Active EP3147420B1 (fr) 2015-09-22 2016-09-21 Disposition pour chauffer, en particulier pour secher, un élément de construction d'un batiment

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EP (1) EP3147420B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015116025A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3147420T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019101111A1 (de) 2019-01-16 2020-07-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Aufbau zur Trocknung eines Bauteils eines Gebäudes
DE102019106325A1 (de) * 2019-03-12 2020-09-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Aufbau zur konvektiven Trocknung einer eingebauten Dämmschicht in Umschließungsflächen eines Raums
CN116427561B (zh) * 2023-04-24 2025-07-22 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种地下装配式剪力墙防水结构及其使用方法
CN117646525A (zh) * 2023-10-31 2024-03-05 厦门理工学院 一种清理大跨度屋顶内部隔热海绵板积水装置及方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT408557B (de) * 1998-05-25 2002-01-25 Heinz Eggert Thermische niedertemperatur-mauertrocknung
DE10320240A1 (de) * 2003-05-07 2004-12-02 Wolf Gmbh Feuerfeste Produkte Verfahren zum Trocknen von feuchten Wänden von Gebäuden und Heizmatte hierfür
AT507536A1 (de) * 2008-02-27 2010-05-15 Oskar Mag Pankratz Vorrichtung zum trocknen von feuchten stellen von wand- decken- boden- oder balkenbereichen in gebäuden

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DK3147420T3 (da) 2022-11-07
DE102015116025A1 (de) 2017-03-23
EP3147420A1 (fr) 2017-03-29

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