EP3152925A2 - Système de haut-parleurs - Google Patents

Système de haut-parleurs

Info

Publication number
EP3152925A2
EP3152925A2 EP15729381.2A EP15729381A EP3152925A2 EP 3152925 A2 EP3152925 A2 EP 3152925A2 EP 15729381 A EP15729381 A EP 15729381A EP 3152925 A2 EP3152925 A2 EP 3152925A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
loudspeaker
array
transducers
loudspeaker system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15729381.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3152925B1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph SLADECZEK
Daniel Beer
Andreas Franck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority to EP17187840.8A priority Critical patent/EP3280161B1/fr
Publication of EP3152925A2 publication Critical patent/EP3152925A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3152925B1 publication Critical patent/EP3152925B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
    • H04R3/14—Cross-over networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/04—Circuit arrangements, e.g. for selective connection of amplifier inputs/outputs to loudspeakers, for loudspeaker detection, or for adaptation of settings to personal preferences or hearing impairments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/303—Tracking of listener position or orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/307—Frequency adjustment, e.g. tone control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2203/00—Details of circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R3/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2203/12—Beamforming aspects for stereophonic sound reproduction with loudspeaker arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2205/00—Details of stereophonic arrangements covered by H04R5/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2205/024—Positioning of loudspeaker enclosures for spatial sound reproduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a loudspeaker system for a vehicle, in particular with a loudspeaker array, in general loudspeaker arrays with a plurality of electro-acoustic sound transducers in different arrangements arrangements arrangement and on a loudspeaker loudspeaker array.
  • Future infotainment systems in vehicles and the associated speaker systems in vehicles must meet demanding tasks in complex traffic scenarios. For this purpose, an absolutely reliable function is assumed, whereby dangers in any driving situations for the driver, e.g. due to malfunction, must be excluded.
  • communication requirements and rapid information provision as well as undisturbed audio playback play an essential role. Not only vehicle noises are to be understood as disturbing signals, but also parallel consumption of different audio contents, such as during simultaneous telephoning and consuming of media content from the point of view of several passengers.
  • Such challenges require system properties that allow individual sonication to limited listening areas, so-called sound or auditory zones.
  • One example is the personalized sounding (using sound zones) by using loudspeakers in the immediate vicinity of the ears of the listener in the respective sound zone, eg by speaker integration in the corresponding head restraints of the respective car seat per hearing zone.
  • loudspeakers in the immediate vicinity of the ears of the listener in the respective sound zone, eg by speaker integration in the corresponding head restraints of the respective car seat per hearing zone.
  • An advantage of this approach is the high acoustic separation from the adjacent sound zones, due to the large difference in hearing distance.
  • a disadvantage of this approach is the high
  • Fluctuations and marked impairment of spatial perception e.g. Loss of stereo images.
  • a second prior art approach relates to the personalized sound zones that may be generated using ultrasound technology.
  • Hörschall is modulated on ultrasound carriers and emitted highly focused on the hearing zones.
  • the basic requirement of this modulation principle is the emission of very high ultrasonic levels, eg greater than 130 dB.
  • the advantage of this approach is that due to the favorable ratios of wavelength to the size of the active "radiating surface", defined by the loudspeaker size or the loudspeaker array size, the ultrasound is emitted in a more focused manner than frequencies of the audible frequency range
  • the disadvantage of this approach is not only that ultrasound can be damaging to health at certain power levels (cf., for this, the use of ultrasound in the medical field for the destruction of kidney stones).
  • the patent document US 2012/0 121 1 13 discloses the use of a further loudspeaker array in a vehicle including a corresponding controller.
  • the advantage over the former approach lies in the more stable sound zone, even when moving the head. Furthermore, no immediate proximity of the seating position to a speaker installation position is necessary. Compared to the latter There is no danger potential here due to the high sound pressure. In addition, a better sound quality compared to this ultrasound approach is achievable.
  • a disadvantage is the achievable sound focusing, which often results in insufficient channel separation, in particular due to the realizable array dimensions, the achievable sound transducer distances (distance from adjacent electroacoustic transducers) and the number of transducers per array result.
  • US Pat. No. 7,343,020 discloses an automotive audio system with directional planar transducers for generating stereo or surround sounds for each passenger individually.
  • the document US 2003/0021433 discloses a speaker configuration together with a signal processor for stereo channel generation for all passengers individually by using a center speaker.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a concept for a loudspeaker system, in particular for a vehicle loudspeaker system, which avoids the disadvantages described above and thus enables high-quality surround sound generation with good channel separation.
  • An embodiment according to a first aspect includes a speaker system for a vehicle having a speaker array.
  • the loudspeaker array comprises a plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers which can be controlled individually so that a user-specific audio signal for different users at different listening positions in a vehicle interior of the vehicle can be displayed via the plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers.
  • the loudspeaker array or, in the case of inserted sound guides, a sound outlet of the loudspeaker array is in this case in particular between see at least two of the listening positions in the vehicle interior, so for example between the driver and the front passenger seat, arranged.
  • the embodiments of the first aspect are therefore based on the recognition that a loudspeaker system for a vehicle, in particular with regard to channel separation, e.g. when reproducing different audio content at the different listening positions, it can be improved by arranging a loudspeaker array centrally in the sense of centered on all or the relevant listening positions.
  • the loudspeaker array used may have a separate sound lobe for each listening position (or each relevant listening position), e.g. For stereo, build up several separate sound lobes per zone. Due to the central arrangement of the loudspeaker array, e.g.
  • the loudspeaker array is approximately equidistant from each relevant listening position, so that each sound lobe has similar extension and, in particular, that the sound lobes are also oriented in opposite directions with regard to their direction With regard to the channel separation is optimal especially for user-specific audio playback.
  • a preferred positioning of the loudspeaker array would be according to the embodiments in the headliner of the vehicle, in the center console, in the dashboard or in the parcel shelf, according to further exemplary embodiments is particularly important that a distance between the array and the listening positions or at least the relevant listening positions (subset of all listening positions) essentially, ie equal to a different +/- 30%.
  • at least one additional loudspeaker such as, for example, the customary loudspeaker in the door or the mirror triangle and / or a differently positioned additional loudspeaker, may be provided for each listening position.
  • the additional speaker can also be designed as a structure-borne sound converter.
  • the additional loudspeaker is preferably arranged closer to the user than the loudspeaker array.
  • This additional loudspeaker it is possible that the radiated from the additional speaker sound is almost negligible with respect to the other listening positions, since it can be used here with much lower sound levels and large level difference due to large difference in the listening distance.
  • Stereo can also be generated with the aid of the majority of the electroacoustic transducers and the loudspeaker array based on the technique of the acoustic beamforming. In this case, for example, at least two beams (sound lobes) or even a stereo beam are generated per listening position.
  • the sound sources to be generated are positioned virtually in space.
  • the beams are tracked taking into account the seat adjustment and the head position of the handset, so that regardless of the seating position results in a consistently good playback impression.
  • the loudspeaker system comprises a signal processor which, for example for beamforming, individually activates the electroacoustic sound transducer and / or the additional loudspeaker (s).
  • a further embodiment according to a second aspect provides a speaker array having a plurality of first electroacoustic transducers, e.g. small acoustic transducers arranged on a first line and a plurality of second electroacoustic transducers, e.g. large transducers, which are arranged on just the first line.
  • the mean distance between the first electroacoustic transducers is smaller compared to the mean distance between the second electroacoustic transducers.
  • the first electroacoustic sound transducers are arranged in a first area region, while the second electroacoustic sound transducers are arranged in a second area region.
  • the mean density of the arrangement of the first electroacoustic transducers is then greater than the average density of the second electroacoustic transducers (for example, large electroacoustic transducers for the bass section).
  • Embodiments of this second aspect is based on the finding that the arrangement of transducers of different types in an array need not necessarily be uniformly distributed, but that it may even be advantageous if smaller transducers, which are typically used for high frequency ranges a higher "packing density" than larger transducers for lower frequency ranges, since the possibility of high-focussed abstrahiung in the higher frequency range, but also the location for high frequency ranges is better than in the low frequency range.Such a transducer arrangement thus offers the advantage that both a wide frequency range, as well as a possibility for accurate sound focussing can be achieved.
  • an arrangement described above can be done either on a line by framing at least two of the first electro-acoustic transducer by one of the second electroacoustic transducer per side or in the two-dimensional area in a cart.
  • third electro-acoustic sound transducers are provided which fit in a similar arrangement in the array.
  • a similar arrangement means that the average distance between adjacent sound transducers of the same type increases with increasing sound transducer size or that the average density decreases.
  • the speaker array according to this second aspect is suitable for serving as a speaker array in the speaker system according to the first aspect.
  • This is particularly advantageous since the addressed array arrangement with the varying packing density offers the possibility of realizing arrays with a high and adjustable directional characteristic while at the same time having a small installation space, as is required, for example, in a central arrangement in the vehicle interior.
  • a further embodiment according to a third aspect provides a loudspeaker array having a plurality of electro-acoustic sound transducers which are coupled at their sound emission surface with sound guides for sound output or for sound control, wherein each sound guide comprises a sound outlet opening.
  • the plurality of sound outlet openings is arranged so that a mean distance between the sound outlet openings is smaller than a (possible) average distance between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers.
  • the embodiments of this third aspect is based on the finding that in loudspeaker arrays a compact distribution of the individual sound sources, in particular with regard to the selective sound focusing in the sound radiation is to be preferred.
  • funnel-shaped sound guides which are each coupled to an electro-acoustic transducer used.
  • the sound outlet openings of the sound guides are smaller than the sound inlet openings of the sound guides, so that the sound outlet openings can be arranged as a compact field.
  • the directional characteristic for an array coupled with a plurality of sound guides can be improved.
  • the loudspeaker array according to this third aspect can be combined well with the basic idea of the loudspeaker array of the second aspect. Furthermore, use of the sound guides in loudspeaker systems of the first aspect is also possible or advantageous.
  • 1 a is an exemplary diagram of an arrangement of a speaker array in a vehicle according to a first embodiment (mono) of the first aspect;
  • 1 b is a schematic diagram of an arrangement in a vehicle according to another embodiment (partially stereo) of the first aspect;
  • 1 c d schematic diagrams of the arrangement of a loudspeaker array in combination with additional sound transducers in a vehicle according to further embodiments (partially stereo) of the first aspect;
  • FIGS. 1 a-1 d shows a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker array with sound transducers of different types for the loudspeaker system according to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 a-1 d;
  • 2b shows a schematic diagram of a line-shaped loudspeaker array
  • Sound transducers of different types according to an embodiment of the second aspect
  • 2c shows a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker array with areally arranged sound transducers of different types according to a further exemplary embodiment of the second aspect
  • 2d shows a diagram of a loudspeaker array with sound transducers of different types according to an additional embodiment of the second aspect
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker array having a plurality of sound guides according to an embodiment of the third aspect.
  • Fig. 1 a shows a schematically illustrated vehicle interior 10 in plan view with four listening positions 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, each defined by a seat on which the potential listener can sit.
  • the speaker system 1 for the vehicle interior 10 includes a speaker array 20 including the plurality of electro-acoustic sound transducers 20a-20h.
  • the array 20 is arranged relatively centrally relative to the vehicle interior 10, with the result that the array 20 at least between two hearing positions (subset of all listening positions 12a-12d), here even between the four listening positions 12a 12d is arranged.
  • the speaker array is here, for example, the headliner, the center console, but also alternative to call the dashboard or parcel shelf.
  • the loudspeaker array 20 can be installed above or below or even at the level of the listening zones 12a-12d or the ear height of the listener.
  • the term refers centrally to all listening zones 12a-12d or at least to a subset of the listening zones 12a-12d, eg the listening zone 12a and 12b.
  • a sound lobe 22a-22d which is preferably aligned with the listening zones 12a-12d or at least associated therewith, is formed by the loudspeaker array per listening position 12a-12d.
  • the formation of these sound lobes 22a-22d takes place in that the sound transducers 20a-20h of the loudspeaker array 20 are controlled differently, for example taking into account so-called beamforming algorithms, which can also incorporate the radiation characteristic of the individual transducers 20a-20h and the room acoustics influences.
  • beamforming algorithms which can also incorporate the radiation characteristic of the individual transducers 20a-20h and the room acoustics influences.
  • the loudspeaker array 20 is designed to build a separate sound lobe 22a-22d for each listening position 12a-12d, whereby due to the central arrangement each sound lobe 22a-22d is in opposite directions (from the center to the listening positions 12a-12d). 12d).
  • the speaker array 20 is approximately equidistant from each listening location 12a-12d so that each sound lobe 22a-22d has similar characteristics (eg, amplitude and level). , These two properties contribute significantly to the achieved channel separation between channels 22a-22d.
  • An advantage of the beamforming beams 22a-22d is that the channel separation is so good that user-specific audio signals can be generated for the listening zones 12a-12c.
  • the arrangement illustrated even fulfills a second optional specification, namely that the distance between the loudspeaker array 20 and the individual listening positions 12a-12d essentially, ie, with one Tolerance of +/- 30% is the same (central arrangement).
  • the central position of the array 20 also reduces disturbing influences of the room acoustics with respect to the sound zones, eg due to sound reflections on side windows.
  • a sound outlet of a sound guide (see FIG. 3) which is coupled to the loudspeaker array can be positioned centrally or generally between at least two of the listening zones 12a-12d.
  • the sound guide typically comprises a sound conductor coupled to the respective sound transducer 20a-20h per sound transducer 20a-20h, where number of the sound outlet of the sound conductor to form the sound outlet of the sound guide.
  • FIG. 1 b shows the top view of the vehicle interior 10 with the four listening positions 12a-12d and the speaker array 20 of the loudspeaker system 1.
  • the generation of stereo is explained with reference to the position 12a, but can also be transferred to the other listening positions 12a-12d.
  • a double sound lobe comprising the sound lobes 22aL and 22aR is generated for the listening position 12a.
  • the sound lobes 22al and 22ar are aligned once on the left ear (22aL) and once on the right ear (22aR) of the listener at the listening position 12a.
  • the generation of sound channels per listening position 12a-12d is not limited to the number 2 for stereo. Rather, several sound lobes per Hörposi- tion 12a-12d are generated to simulate, for example, surround sound.
  • FIG. 1c and 1d Another embodiment of the speaker system is disclosed in Figures 1c and 1d, in which the central speaker array 20 is combined with at least one supplemental speaker or auxiliary speaker array (or generally with a supplemental speaker system, including at least one auxiliary speaker). Possible positions for the additional loudspeaker (s) are the A-, B-, C-pillar, the headrest or the headliner.
  • Fig. 1 c shows the vehicle interior 10 (top view) with the four listening positions 12a-12d, the centrally arranged speaker array 20 of the speaker system 1 ', wherein the first listening position 12a an additional speaker 30a (here, for example, in the headliner, alternatively B-pillar or Headrest) is assigned.
  • This additional loudspeaker 30a is located at the listening position 12a on a side facing away from the loudspeaker array 20 (here on the left) and is more preferably, but not necessarily closer to the ear than the central loudspeaker array 20. This will then also it is ensured that another optional condition, namely that the additional loudspeaker 30a is arranged closer to a listening position 12a in comparison to the other listening positions 12b-12d, is satisfied.
  • the auxiliary speaker 30a generates a sound lobe 32aL associated with one listening position 12a to one (left) ear of the listener, while the other (right) ear is sounded by the sound lobe 22aR (generated by the speaker array 20).
  • the auxiliary loudspeaker 30a is not limited to stereo, so the auxiliary loudspeaker 30a may generally serve to support the sound at the listening position 12a (level-up mono).
  • the additional loudspeaker 30a it is advantageous for the additional loudspeaker 30a to be positioned close to the listening position so that the laws of the sound level drop are utilized with the distance, which results in that the sound level of the additional loudspeaker 30a in the associated hearing zone 12a is louder than in the foreign hearing zones 12b-12d. This contributes above all to the increased acoustic separation of the sound zones 12a-12d.
  • the advantages of the additional loudspeaker 30a can be seen in the fact that the sound quality and the spatial impression for the associated sound zone can be exploited by utilizing psychoacoustic effects. be improved.
  • the arrangement of sound transducers 20 or 30a as close as possible to the listening position (here 12a), cf.
  • the proportion of direct sound increases, so that reflections are largely obscured or are negligible.
  • 1 d shows the vehicle interior 10 with a loudspeaker system 1 "in a side view, where the listening position 12b and the listening position 12d are shown, wherein it can also be seen that the loudspeaker array 20 is centrally located above the listening positions 12d and 12b (ie in the For the (audio) listening position 12d, on which the sound lobe 22d is aligned, an additional loudspeaker 30d (here in the parcel shelf for generating the sound lobe 32d) is provided, which in terms of properties and purpose is suitable for the additional loudspeaker 30a from FIG. 1 c corresponds.
  • the seat for the listening position 12b comprises the structure-borne sound exciter 35b
  • the seat for the listening position 12d comprises the structure-borne sound exciter 35d.
  • Each of these structure-borne sound exciters 35b and 35d is mechanically fixed to the seat (seat frame or headrest) for the listening position 12b or 12d (eg via the footwell) connected or generally associated with the location of the listener and trained to output the structure-borne sound 36b and 36d so that he reaches the respective listener.
  • structure-borne noise transducers 35b and 35d are particularly suitable as support in the low-frequency range in which a sound reproduction with small arrays (because of the limited array size) would not be sufficiently focusable.
  • sound decoupling means it can be ensured that the structure-borne sound 36d or 36b in other listening zones, e.g. 12a and 12c is imperceptible, which in turn contributes to increasing the acoustic separation between the sound zones 12a-12d.
  • Fig. 2a shows a loudspeaker array 50 having a plurality of Type A transducers 52a-52d and a plurality of Type B transducers 54a-54d.
  • Type A transducers differ in particular in size, and more typically, but not necessarily in its transmittable frequency range from the B-type electroacoustic transducers 54a-54d, eg> 1000 Hz or 500 Hz, A for the low-frequency range, eg ⁇ 2000 Hz or ⁇ 500 Hz). Further, the directional characteristic of the type A sound transducers 52a-52d may be different from the type B sound transducers 54a-54d.
  • the transducers 52a-52d and 54a-54b are in FIG Formed a line-shaped transducer array 50 and have a total of less sound transducer than in the structure with two parallel arrays of the type A and B of equal length.
  • This array arrangement 50 shown in FIG. 2 a in line form can advantageously be used as arrays for the loudspeaker systems 1, 1 'or 1 "from FIGS. 1 a-1 d.
  • the basic idea of the alternating arrangement can also be applied to sound transducer arrays with more than two different types of sound transducer , so that, for example, a transducer arrangement of A, B, C, A, B, C would be conceivable.
  • Another possible alternative would be the transducer assembly A, A, B, B, A, A, B, B.
  • FIG. 2b shows a loudspeaker array 60 with the sound transducers 52a-52f (type A) and the sound transducers 54a-54f (type B).
  • the sound transducers 52a-52f and 54a-54f are arranged along the line of the array 60 such that a mean distance d B of the sound transducers 54a-54f is smaller than a mean distance d A of the sound transducers 52a-52f, cf.
  • the average distance of the type B d B transducer is also smaller than the average mean distance d AB of all the transducers used (see FIGS. 2 a and 2 b).
  • Such a configuration of the mean distance d B in relation to the mean distance d A can be realized by the corresponding sequence of the different sound converters 52a-52f and 54a-54f.
  • one possible implementation would be the combination of the acoustic transducers in the form of A, A, B, A, B, B, B, A, B, A, A.
  • the array 60 shown in Figure 2b in the interior 60i four B-type transducers, cf. 54b-54e, each framed by a type A transducer (see Figures 52c and 52d) per side, this arrangement again being framed by a respective type B transducer (see Figures 54a and 54f).
  • This entire sound transducer arrangement is then in turn framed by two sound transducers of the type A (compare 52a, 52b, 52e and 52f) on each side.
  • Such a distribution can also be described in other words as logarithmic or at least approximately logarithmic.
  • this sound transducer arrangement of the array 60 it is possible to ensure that a high density of type B sound transducers operating in the high-frequency range and having a good setting of the emission characteristic is present in the interior area (see area marked with the reference number 60i). This applies in particular in comparison to the outer area or the outer areas 60a.
  • the two system-immanent conditions can be taken into account, namely that for the focused radiation, the loudspeaker array 60 should be larger than the wavelength, which is particularly problematic for the low-frequency reproduction due to the size of the sound transducer 54a-54h, and that at the same time for error-free reproduction, the spacing of adjacent loudspeakers should be smaller than the wavelength, which is problematical in particular for high-frequency reproduction due to the size of the sound transducers 52a-52h.
  • the principle of the quasi-logarithmic arrangement described in FIG. 2b is also applicable to flat sound transducers. Arrays transferable, as shown in Fig. 2c.
  • Figure 2c shows an array 70 having a type B central transducer 54e surrounded by a total of eight type B sound transducers 54a-54i around (ie one on each side).
  • a 3 ⁇ 3 field is generated by electroacoustic transducers 54a-54d of type B by the electroacoustic transducers 54a-54d.
  • This 3x3 array of acoustic transducers 54a-54i is located at the center of gravity of the array surface 70 with respect to the entire transducer array 70. This center of gravity is indicated by reference numeral 70i.
  • the 3x3 field of the sound transducers 54a-54i is in turn surrounded by the sound transducers 52a-52h, type A.
  • the mean distance of the sound transducers 54a-54i which is referred to as density due to the two-dimensionality, is smaller than the average distance of the sound transducers 52a-52h in the outside area 70a. That is, the density in the inner region 70i is higher as compared with the density of the outer region 70a (defined by the number of acoustic transducers 52a-52h and 54a-54i per area). Even with this surface arrangement, therefore, a small sound transducer distance can lead to highly focused emissions in the sound transducers 54a-54i for the high frequency ranges and a design-related larger sound transducer distance (for focused radiation) for the lower frequency ranges (see Sound Transducers 52a-52h). be achieved.
  • planar sound transducer arrangement was explained only in the form of a checkerboard pattern of the sound transducer array 70, it should be noted that other planar arrangements, eg concentric arrangements, with concentration of sound transducers of a certain type (B) in a certain area, eg in the center
  • concentration of sound transducers of a certain type (B) in a certain area eg in the center
  • the arrangement of A / B type transducers does not necessarily have to be symmetrical, so too would be an asymmetric arrangement, ie a slightly offset tweeter array (see 54a 52i-52h)
  • a reduction of artifacts in the emission function as a result of points of discontinuity can be achieved, for example, edge reflection in the case of tweeters, which are central placed on the housing front.
  • the loudspeaker arrays 60 and 70 can be used as arrays for the embodiment of FIG. 1 ad and have advantages with respect to the loudspeaker array of FIG. 2a with respect to the directivity, especially in the beamforming for adjusting the directional characteristic both in the low-frequency and in the high-frequency range and can also help to avoid spatial aliasing effect.
  • the concentration of Type B transducers at the center 60i and 70i and from the Type A outdoor transducers 60a and 70a achieved by the transducer arrays 60 and 70 can also be achieved by a two-level transducer arrangement as discussed with reference to FIGS Fig. 2d will be described.
  • FIG. 2d shows a loudspeaker array 80 with a plurality of sound transducers 52a-52h (type A), which are arranged linearly (directly) next to one another in a first plane. Furthermore, the acoustic transducer array 80 comprises a plurality of sound transducers 54a-54h (type B) which are likewise arranged adjacent to one another (adjacent to one another) in a line-shaped manner. These two transducer types 52a-52h and 54a-54h are arranged in two different planes, ie one behind the other or else offset or one above the other.
  • the type B transducers which are thus preferably arranged with a smaller average distance d B , are positioned in the center of the type A sound transducer arrangement so that this embodiment of the loudspeaker array also has a concentration of Sound transducer for the high frequency range in the center can be done.
  • the single transducers 52a-52h and 54a-54h have complex directional characteristics, e.g. can be assigned by sound guides or by the transducer itself.
  • a further embodiment relates to a combination of several line arrays, such as e.g. the arrays 50 and 60, so that a planar loudspeaker array is formed.
  • the line arrays 50 or 60 may have a different number of sound transducers here, so that, for example, different lengths of the line arrays result.
  • the sound transducer spacings per line array e.g. due to the fact that different types of transducers are used vary.
  • each line array may include different types of transducers therein, wherein the combination of line arrays of one type per line array is preferable.
  • An exemplary embodiment is characterized in that two line arrays with the acoustic transducer type A include three line arrays with the acoustic transducer type B.
  • a planar loudspeaker array is formed in which a certain type of sound transducers is concentrated in the center.
  • FIG. 3 shows a loudspeaker array 90, here embodied as a combination of eight sound transducers 52a-52h of the same type. Each of these sound transducers 52a-52h or, to be precise, the diaphragm 56 of the sound transducers 52a-52h is coupled on its radiating side with a sound guide 92a-92h.
  • These sound guides 92a-92h are funnel-shaped and optionally curved elements, so that the sound outlet openings (compare reference numeral 94) of the sound guide 92a-92h are smaller (in all or at least one dimension) than the sound inlet openings (see reference numeral 56). on the side of the electroacoustic transducers 52a-52h.
  • the funnel of the sound guide 92a-92h is designed so that the sound input 56 is offset compared to the sound outlet openings 94, wherein depending on the combination with a sound transducer 52a-52h a different dislocation ratio is used, so that the total surface of the sound outlet openings can be reduced overall ,
  • the sound outlet openings 94 of the wave guides 92a-92h can tightly next to one another by an average distance s d are disposed.
  • a very small mean distance d s between the sound outlet openings 94 is achieved, resulting in an improved adjustable directional characteristics (due to the reduction of Schallabstrahl S by the compact Distance d s of the sound outlet openings 94 or due to the reduced virtual sound transducer distance d s ) and better positioning of the arrays (eg in the vehicle) contributes.
  • the combination of the sound guide 92a-92h with one of the loudspeaker arrays 50, 60, 70 or 80 is possible, so that use of the sound guide is also possible for the exemplary embodiments of the loudspeaker system 1, 1 'or 1 "from FIGS
  • a signal control device may also be provided comprising the array 20 and the extended arrays 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 according to the principles described above (see listening zone mono 12a-12d or stereo reproduction of listening zone 12a-12d). controls and thus allows the formation of the appropriate number of high-focussed Schallabstrahlungsbeams 22a-22d, 22aL, 22aR.
  • fading-in of other audio information e.g. in infotainment signals or telecommunication audio to a particular listening zone, e.g. the driver listening zone 12a, can be understood.
  • the loudspeaker system may comprise a frequency divider or a processor configured to convert the input signal, if it only has one auditory content (ie one content for a person at a respective listening / seating position), to the middle and higher frequencies the array, for example, in the way that beam forms can be operated to provide and output the low frequencies to the structure-borne sound transducer of the respective sitting position.
  • a frequency divider or a processor configured to convert the input signal, if it only has one auditory content (ie one content for a person at a respective listening / seating position), to the middle and higher frequencies the array, for example, in the way that beam forms can be operated to provide and output the low frequencies to the structure-borne sound transducer of the respective sitting position.
  • the crossover or the audio processor is designed to provide the middle and higher frequencies of all the audio content to be reproduced to the array kind that by beamforming the audio content separated for the different listening zones at the different listening positions are played, while the lower frequencies are separated separated and forwarded to the different structure-borne sound transducers of different seats or listening positions. All in all, this offers the advantage that the middle and higher frequencies for the different listening positions are reproduced by means of the array, while the low frequencies are only displayed locally via the structure-borne sound transducer.
  • the background to this procedure is that, in particular, the depth frequencies can not be directed so well over arrays, so that separation of these by beamforming often causes difficulties.
  • a loudspeaker array having a plurality of first electroacoustic sound transducers arranged in a first areal area and a plurality of second electroacoustic sound transducers arranged in the first areal area. In this case, an average density of the first electroacoustic sound transducer is smaller than an average density of the second electroacoustic sound transducer.
  • a loudspeaker array having a plurality of electroacoustic sound transducers which are coupled to first sound guides for sound output in a first area, wherein each sound guide comprises a sound exit opening.
  • the majority of the sound exit openings are arranged such that a mean distance (d s ) between the sound outlet openings is smaller than a possible mean distance (d A ) between the juxtaposed electroacoustic transducers.
  • the geometric orientations of the baffles Ier 20a-20h in the loudspeaker array 20 shown in the schematic sketches are not fictitious and do not necessarily conform to reality.
  • the orientations of the individual sound transducers 20a-20h may vary accordingly or even vary from position to position (heavily tilted to the first side, tilted to the first side, down, tilted to the second side, heavily tilted to the second side).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)

Abstract

Système de haut-parleurs pour véhicule, comprenant un ensemble de haut-parleurs composé d'une pluralité de transducteurs électro-acoustiques pouvant être excités individuellement, de sorte qu'un signal audio spécifique d'utilisateur peut être restitué par l'intermédiaire de la pluralité de transducteurs électro-acoustiques à différents utilisateurs en différents points d'écoute dans un habitacle du véhicule. L'ensemble de haut-parleurs ou une sortie acoustique de l'ensemble de haut-parleurs est disposé(e) en particulier entre au moins deux points d'écoute dans l'habitacle du véhicule, p. ex. entre le conducteur et le siège passager avant.
EP15729381.2A 2014-06-05 2015-06-05 Système de haut-parleur Active EP3152925B1 (fr)

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DE102014210821 2014-06-05
DE102014217344.2A DE102014217344A1 (de) 2014-06-05 2014-08-29 Lautsprechersystem
PCT/EP2015/062588 WO2015185727A2 (fr) 2014-06-05 2015-06-05 Système de haut-parleurs

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EP17187840.8A Division EP3280161B1 (fr) 2014-06-05 2015-06-05 Système d'haut-parleurs
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EP (2) EP3280161B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6286583B2 (fr)
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CN (1) CN106664489B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014217344A1 (fr)
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CN106664489B (zh) 2018-10-16
KR20170015371A (ko) 2017-02-08
KR102077486B1 (ko) 2020-02-17
CN106664489A (zh) 2017-05-10
DE102014217344A1 (de) 2015-12-17
EP3280161B1 (fr) 2022-01-19
JP6286583B2 (ja) 2018-02-28
US9854363B2 (en) 2017-12-26
WO2015185727A2 (fr) 2015-12-10
WO2015185727A3 (fr) 2016-03-17
US20170085990A1 (en) 2017-03-23
EP3152925B1 (fr) 2019-07-10
EP3280161A1 (fr) 2018-02-07
JP2017523654A (ja) 2017-08-17

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