EP3156641A1 - Injecteur pour injection de fluides - Google Patents

Injecteur pour injection de fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3156641A1
EP3156641A1 EP15189699.0A EP15189699A EP3156641A1 EP 3156641 A1 EP3156641 A1 EP 3156641A1 EP 15189699 A EP15189699 A EP 15189699A EP 3156641 A1 EP3156641 A1 EP 3156641A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
tip
valve needle
valve seat
projecting part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP15189699.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Francesco Lenzi
Stefano Filippi
Mauro Grandi
Valerio Polidori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH filed Critical Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH
Priority to EP15189699.0A priority Critical patent/EP3156641A1/fr
Publication of EP3156641A1 publication Critical patent/EP3156641A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1866—Valve seats or member ends having multiple cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F02M51/0653—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/188—Spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8053—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving mechanical deformation of the apparatus or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injector for injecting fluid and particularly relates to an injector for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine.
  • Injectors are in widespread use, in particular for internal combustion engines where they may be arranged in order to dose the fluid into an intake manifold of the internal combustion engine or directly into the combustion chamber of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • injectors may be also called injections valves and are manufactured in various forms in order to satisfy the various needs for the various combustion engines. Therefore, for example, their length, diameter as well as various elements of the injector, which are responsible for the way the fluid is dosed, may vary within a wide range.
  • injectors may accommodate an actuator for actuating a valve needle, which may, for example, be an electromagnetic actuator.
  • the respective injection valve may be suited to dose fluids under very high pressure.
  • the pressure may be, for example in the case of a gasoline engine, in the range of up to 400 bar, and in the case of diesel engines in the range of up to 3,500 bar.
  • One object of the invention is to create an injector for injecting fluid that contributes to a precise and reliable injection of fluid.
  • an injector for injecting fluid comprises an injector body and a valve needle.
  • the injector body extends between a fluid outlet end and a fluid inlet end along a central longitudinal axis.
  • the injector body has a cavity and a valve seat.
  • the valve needle is arranged axially movable relative to the injector body in the cavity.
  • the valve needle is operable to seal the injector in a closed position in which a tip of the valve needle is in contact with the valve seat.
  • the valve needle is axially displaceable away from the closed position to unseal the injector.
  • the valve seat comprises an inner wall facing the tip.
  • the inner wall comprises a projecting part with a convex shape.
  • the inner wall of the valve seat comprises the projecting part with the convex shape.
  • the geometry of the inner wall has an annular ring that forms the convex shape.
  • the smaller contact area of the inner wall with the convex shape with the tip of the valve needle allows a higher contact pressure at an equivalent load. This leads to a better sealing and to a reduced leakage. Further, the higher contact pressure allows a fast and effective plastic shape adjustment during run-in.
  • the run-in is conducted at the factory for each injector before delivery to a customer.
  • the projecting part comprises a shape of a torus segment.
  • the geometry of the inner wall comprises a shape of approximately one quarter of a torus in a cross-section along the longitudinal axis.
  • the injector body comprises a first recessed part with a concave shape.
  • the first recessed part is arranged outwards besides the projecting part.
  • the injector body comprises a second recessed part with a concave shape.
  • the second recessed part is arranged inwards beside the projecting part.
  • the projecting part is arranged between the first recessed part and the second recessed part in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.
  • the injector comprises a spring element with a given spring force.
  • the spring element is arranged to exert a preload force on the valve needle to urge the valve needle in the closed position.
  • the spring force is given dependent on the convex shape. Due to the convex shape of the inner wall, it is possible to reduce the preload force of the spring element due to the increased contact pressure. The tip sealing performance remains the same compared to conventional injectors even with a reduced spring load when the inner wall comprises the projecting part with the convex shape.
  • the tip of the valve needle comprises a shape of a sphere segment.
  • the tip of the valve needle is formed as at least a part of a sphere or a ball.
  • the contact pressure between the tip and the valve seat is small and hence the contact pressure is as high as desired.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows an injector 100 for injecting fuel.
  • the injector 100 is designed for injecting fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle and particularly an automobile.
  • the fluid injector 100 has a longitudinal axis 105 and extends between a fluid inlet end 104 and a fluid outlet end 103 of an injector body 101.
  • the injector body 101 surrounds a cavity 106.
  • a valve needle 102 is arranged in the cavity 106.
  • the valve needle 102 is axially movable with respect to the injector body 101.
  • the injector body 102 comprises a valve seat 107 that is arranged at the fluid outlet end 103. Further details of the valve seat 107 are explained with respect to Figure 2 below.
  • the valve needle 102 comprises a tip 108.
  • the tip 108 faces the valve seat 107 at the fluid outlet end 103.
  • the tip 108 is formed as a ball.
  • the tip 108 of the valve needle 102 sealingly rests on the valve seat 107.
  • a fluid flow through an injector nozzle (not explicitly shown) at the valve seat 107 is prevented.
  • a fluid injector through the injector nozzle is permitted when the valve needle 102 is in further positions in which the tip 108 is spaced apart from the inner wall 109.
  • the injector 100 may comprise an electromagnetic actuator or a piezo actuator for moving the valve needle 102 along the longitudinal axis 105 in at least one direction.
  • a spring element 113 is arranged for moving the valve needle 102 in the opposite direction.
  • the valve needle is pressed against the valve seat 107 by the spring element 113, when the actuator is not energized.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the tip 108 and the inner wall 109 of the valve seat 107.
  • Figure 2 only shows one half of the complete cross-section. The other half is designed correspondingly.
  • the tip 108 comprises the shape of a sphere.
  • the tip 108 of the valve needle 102 has the form of a ball with a round outer surface.
  • the inner wall 109 of the valve seat 107 faces the tip 108.
  • the inner wall 109 comprises a projecting part 110.
  • the projecting part 110 has a surface that is in contact with the tip 108 in the closed position.
  • the projecting part 110 is arranged between a first recessed part 111 and a second recessed part 112 along a transverse direction 114. Beginning at the central longitudinal axis 105, along the direction 114 the first recessed part 111 is arranged first, then the projecting part 110 and then the second recessed part 112 behind the projecting part 110.
  • the projecting part 110 comprises the form of a sphere, especially a sphere segment.
  • the inner wall 109 is formed convex in the projecting part 110.
  • the inner wall 109 extends outward in the projecting part 110.
  • the inner wall 109 hollows inward in the recessed parts 111 and 112.
  • the tip 108 that has the shape of a sphere and the inner wall 109 in the projecting part 110 that has a shape of a torus segment are in contact with each other.
  • the geometry of the valve seat 107, especially of the inner wall 109, at the projecting part 110 comprises an annular ring with the shape of approximately one quarter of the torus to form the convex shape.
  • the use of the tip 108 with the shape of a sphere and the valve seat 107 with the convex inner wall 109 allows a desired sealing.
  • the leakage of the injector 100 is reduced when compared to conventional injectors that have a flat or cone-shaped inner wall, which is in contact with the tip of the valve needle.
  • the projecting part 110 of the inner wall 109 it is possible to have a tip leakage in the closed position below 1 mm 3 per minute at 50 bar in standard test fluid.
  • the projecting part 110 of the inner wall 109 it is possible to have a tip leakage in the closed position below 1 mm 3 per minute with a minimum process capability index of 2.
  • the contact area established under a certain load between the tip 108 and the inner wall 109 is smaller than the area established under a same load by conventional injectors.
  • the contact area is approximately 30% less in the case of the same radius for the tip 108 and the valve seat 107.
  • the contact pressure between the valve seat 107 and the tip 108 is higher and the sealing is better.
  • the injector 100 it is possible to increase the maximum working pressure of the injector 100. It is possible to reduce the spring load of the spring element 113 without worsening the tip sealing performances due to the increased contact pressure that is achieved by the convex shape of the projecting part 110. For example, it is possible to reduce the spring load by approximately 30% and in doing so having the same sealing and leakage as conventional injectors. On the other hand it is possible to have a reduced leakage with the same spring load as with conventional injectors. For example, it is possible to have sufficient sealing performances with a reduced spring load and hence have an increased maximum working pressure of 50 bar compared to conventional injectors.
  • the tip 108 has a spherical shape and the projecting part 110 has the shape of the torus segment. Therefore, the contact is in theory just one point or a circular line respectively.
  • the contact pressure between the tip 108 and the valve seat 107 is high. Due to the high contact pressure it is possible to use cheaper materials with a lower quality, for example with a higher roughness at the surfaces before the run-in. During the run-in with the high contact pressure between the valve seat 107 and the tip 108 the deformation of the contact areas is fast and efficient and thus the roughness is sufficiently compensated.
  • Figure 3 shows a diagram that compares the contact area of the injector 100 according to the present application with the contact area of a conventional injector.
  • the curve 201 shows the contact area of the conventional injector that has a flat inner wall of the valve seat.
  • the inner wall of the conventional injector comprises the shape of a cone segment especially at the area, where the tip of the valve needle contacts the inner wall in the closed position. With higher forces, the contact area increases very fast.
  • a curve 202 shows the contact area of the injector 100 with the projecting part 110 of the inner wall 109.
  • the contact area between the valve seat 107 and the tip 108 increases to a lesser extent when the force increases compared to the conventional injector.
  • the sphere to torus type of interaction between the valve seat 107 and the tip 108 leads to a reduction of the tip leak due to the higher contact pressure between the ball of the tip 108 and the inner wall 109 of the valve seat 107. Furthermore, a higher correlation between the micro-profiles of the tip 108 and the inner wall 109 is achieved, in particular under plastic deformation. During run-in, a faster and more effective plastic shape adjustment of the inner wall 109 and the tip 108 is possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP15189699.0A 2015-10-14 2015-10-14 Injecteur pour injection de fluides Ceased EP3156641A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15189699.0A EP3156641A1 (fr) 2015-10-14 2015-10-14 Injecteur pour injection de fluides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15189699.0A EP3156641A1 (fr) 2015-10-14 2015-10-14 Injecteur pour injection de fluides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3156641A1 true EP3156641A1 (fr) 2017-04-19

Family

ID=54324875

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15189699.0A Ceased EP3156641A1 (fr) 2015-10-14 2015-10-14 Injecteur pour injection de fluides

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3156641A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19726991A1 (de) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Ventil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ventilsitzes für ein Ventil
EP1321661A2 (fr) * 2001-12-22 2003-06-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne
DE10307932A1 (de) * 2003-02-25 2004-10-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10341790A1 (de) * 2003-09-10 2005-04-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102004050046A1 (de) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102007013247A1 (de) * 2007-03-20 2008-09-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dichtkante für Kegelsitzventil
US20090090794A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Low pressure fuel injector
DE102008054840A1 (de) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE112013004206T5 (de) * 2012-08-27 2015-06-25 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19726991A1 (de) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Ventil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ventilsitzes für ein Ventil
EP1321661A2 (fr) * 2001-12-22 2003-06-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne
DE10307932A1 (de) * 2003-02-25 2004-10-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10341790A1 (de) * 2003-09-10 2005-04-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102004050046A1 (de) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102007013247A1 (de) * 2007-03-20 2008-09-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dichtkante für Kegelsitzventil
US20090090794A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Low pressure fuel injector
DE102008054840A1 (de) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE112013004206T5 (de) * 2012-08-27 2015-06-25 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil

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