EP3196363A1 - Agencement et procede et d'installation de fondations offshore - Google Patents
Agencement et procede et d'installation de fondations offshore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3196363A1 EP3196363A1 EP16152036.6A EP16152036A EP3196363A1 EP 3196363 A1 EP3196363 A1 EP 3196363A1 EP 16152036 A EP16152036 A EP 16152036A EP 3196363 A1 EP3196363 A1 EP 3196363A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- foundation body
- ballast
- anchor
- foundation
- arrangement according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for installing offshore foundations, in particular of offshore foundations for wind turbines and substations.
- the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement and a method for installing offshore foundations, in which the disadvantages known from the prior art no longer occur or only to a lesser extent.
- the invention relates to an arrangement for the installation of offshore foundations comprising a buoyant foundation body with at least one in the floating state air-filled ballast chamber which is filled to lower the foundation body with ballast, wherein at least one arranged on the ground in the region of the desired installation location of the foundation body anchor and at least one cable pull device is provided, wherein each of the at least one cable pull device is designed to hold a pull cable guided between a common or separate armature (s) and the foundation body during the lowering of the foundation body in such a way under tension that the floating stability is increased Tensile force acts on the foundation body.
- the invention relates to a method for installing offshore foundations with an inventive arrangement, wherein the at least one pull rope is tensioned during the lowering of the foundation body by the cable pulling device to a predetermined nominal tension.
- a sufficient floating stability of the foundation body during the lowering operation is achieved in the at least one traction cable due to the at least one cable pulling device permanently maintained tensile stress.
- the foundation body is permanently pulled down by a pulling force, whereby the point of application for the buoyancy force from an otherwise equilibrium position with the point of application for the weight force in the direction opposite to that through the at least one pull rope in the foundation body introduced tensile force is shifted, so that the foundation body, taking into account the one or more points at which the at least one pull rope acts on the foundation body, stable aligns.
- the present invention provided at least one pull rope does not have to overcome the buoyancy force of the foundation body itself in air-filled ballast chambers. Rather, the actual lowering process, as already known from the prior art, by filling the air-filled ballast chamber with ballast, such as water, sand or concrete.
- ballast such as water, sand or concrete.
- the tensile force to be applied by the at least one pull rope or the cable pull device therefore only has to be sufficient to be able to ensure the above-described stabilization of the floating position of the foundation body during the lowering process.
- the foundation body at the by the anchor predetermined position is installed.
- the foundation body is guided towards the at least one anchor.
- the at least one armature is located at the desired position for the foundation body, it is ensured in the arrangement according to the invention that the foundation body actually also comes to rest at the desired position.
- At least one anchor is a ballast anchor comprising a ballast body.
- a "ballast anchor” is an anchor whose anchor effect is based essentially on its weight or the weight of the ballast body.
- the ballast anchor is in the state of use so only on the ground and in particular has no flukes to dig into the ground or to wedge there.
- the ballast anchor can preferably be kept at a distance from the base by the at least one pull rope on the floating foundation body and be discharged from there via the at least one cable pull device.
- the ballast anchor can first be carried along with the floating base body, while it is floating independently, for example, from a port to the final installation site. At the desired installation location, the ballast anchor can then be lowered to the bottom.
- backwater - that is at standstill of tidal current - and calm weather
- a ballast anchor has a maximum vertical anchor retention force for vertical tension on the anchor, in the simplest case correlated directly with the weight of the ballast anchor.
- the starting from the at least one cable pulling device during the lowering of the foundation body by the tension in the at least one pull rope acting on the ballast anchor vertical tension is less than the maximum vertical anchor holding force to choose, otherwise the ballast anchor would be raised.
- the ballast anchor preferably has at least one ballast-filled ballast chamber and / or ballast trough. If these ballast chambers and / or ballast tubs, for example, after the ballast anchor has been discharged to the ground with ballast, (eg. Water, sand or concrete) filled, thereby the weight of the ballast anchor and thus its maximum Vertikalankerhaltekraft be increased.
- ballast eg. Water, sand or concrete
- the ballast anchor has a circumferential skirt and a negative pressure module on its underside formed to rest on the ground, the negative pressure module being designed to generate a negative pressure during or after the ballast anchor has been deposited on the ground between ballast anchor and ground within the skirt , If a corresponding negative pressure is generated, the ballast anchor is sucked to the bottom in accordance with the suction-bucket principle. This also allows the maximum vertical anchor holding force of a ballast anchor can be increased.
- the vacuum module may be a pump. But it may also be sufficient to provide as a negative pressure module, a check valve whose passage direction leads from the bottom inside the skirt to an area outside the apron.
- the ballast armature preferably has, on its upper side facing the foundation body, a shaping centering the foundation body, which cooperates with a correspondingly inverted shape of the foundation body at its underside facing the ballast anchor.
- the ballast anchor can have a conical elevation on its upper side, which can cooperate with a conical depression in the foundation body. The accuracy of the positioning of the foundation body at the predetermined by the ballast anchor position can be improved.
- the ballast anchor may preferably have a connecting element on its upper side facing the foundation body, with which the ballast anchor can be fastened to the foundation body after complete lowering of the foundation body such that at least part of the weight of the ballast anchor is introduced into the foundation body via the connection element. This ensures that after the lowering of the foundation body, whereby the ballast anchor is no longer needed as an aid for the draining, but whose mass can contribute at least partially as an additional weight in securing the foundation body.
- At least one of the anchors may be a ground anchor or grout anchor.
- a corresponding anchor can be installed in the well known manner at the bottom to be subsequently used in the arrangement according to the invention.
- the at least one armature has a deflection roller for the passage of the pull rope as a loose roller for each pull cable guided over it. If the anchor has one or more corresponding deflection rollers, a pull rope can be guided from the foundation body on the pulley on the armature to the cable device, which reduces the force required by the cable pulling device to produce the desired tension, in particular halved.
- a lifting means distributing the carrying capacity of the pull rope is provided between a pull rope and the anchor.
- a corresponding stop means which, for example, can resemble a lifting harness, the floating stability of the ballast anchor can be improved during its lowering - especially if only one pull rope is provided.
- the cable pulling device is a ship which moves away from the anchor to tension the pull rope.
- at least one of the at least one cable pulling device is a winch.
- the winch is preferably attached to the foundation body itself.
- At least three tension cables spaced apart in the area between the foundation body and the armature are provided. By providing at least three tension cables, the position of the foundation body during the lowering can be controlled controlled.
- the foundation body preferably has a plurality of ballast chambers which can be filled separately with ballast, wherein the ballast chambers may be formed in the foundation body itself or in buoyancy bodies connected to the foundation body. If a plurality of ballast chambers, which can be filled separately with ballast, are provided, it is possible to better control the position of the foundation body during the lowering process.
- ballast chambers are provided in separate buoyancy bodies, the separate buoyancy bodies can be removed after successful draining of the foundation body and subsequently reused.
- a control unit is preferably provided which is designed to control the filling of the at least one ballast chamber of the foundation body and / or the at least one cable pulling device such that during the lowering process of the foundation body the at least one tension cable is below a predetermined desired tensile stress.
- the foundation body is designed for surface foundation or deep foundation and / or the foundation body is produced in concrete, steel or hybrid construction.
- the foundation takes place solely on the basis of the weight of the foundation body and, if applicable, its ballast and / or a ballast anchor fastened thereto, while for deep foundation piles are driven into the soil with which the foundation body is fastened to the ground.
- FIG 1a-d a first embodiment of an inventive arrangement 1 for the installation of offshore foundations is shown.
- the arrangement 1 comprises a buoyant foundation body 10 with a plurality of ballast chambers 11.
- the ballast chambers 11 are filled with air in the floating state, but can be filled with ballast to lower the foundation body 1.
- the arrangement 1 furthermore comprises a ballast armature 20 with a ballast chamber 21 arranged in a ballast body.
- the ballast chamber 21 is designed such that even in the air-filled state, the weight of the ballast armature 20 is greater than the buoyancy force of the ballast armature 20.
- the ballast armature 20 is connected via a traction cable 30 with a arranged on the foundation body 10 winch 40 and can thus be held in a position spaced from the base 90 to the foundation body 10, as shown in FIG FIG. 1a is shown. As a result, the foundation body 10 can be moved together with the ballast anchor 20 by a transport ship 91 to the desired installation site.
- the ballast anchor 20 is lowered by means of the winch 40 onto the base 90 (see FIG. 1b), the discharge preferably taking place during backwater and calm weather.
- the ballast armature 20 during the lowering process starts to roll, on the one hand to choose the lowering speed correspondingly low.
- a stop means 31 in the form of a lifting harness with which the tensile force of the traction cable 30 is distributed to a plurality of connection points on the ballast armature 20.
- ballast chamber 21 of the ballast armature 20 is filled with ballast so as to increase the weight of the ballast armature 20.
- FIG. 1b indicated, in which the ballast chamber 21 is already partially filled.
- the foundation body 10 is drained, in which the ballast chambers 11 of the foundation body 10 are filled with ballast (see Figure 1c ).
- the pull cable 30 is held under tension by the cable winch 40 in such a way that a tensile force acts in the direction of the base 90 on the foundation body 10, which contributes to increasing the floating stability.
- this pulling force is less than the maximum vertical anchor holding force of the ballast anchor 20 to ensure that it does not come off the ground 90.
- inventive arrangement 1 ensures that the foundation body 10 is installed at the predetermined position by the ballast anchor 20 (see Figure 1d ).
- Ballastanker 20 and foundation body 10 have a centering shape with which the relative position of the two components to each other in the installation state of the foundation body ( Figure 1d ). This centering design is in FIGS. 2a-b shown in more detail.
- the ballast armature 20 has on its, the foundation body 10 facing top 22 a cone-shaped elevation 23. At the same time, the foundation body 10 at its, the ballast armature 20 facing bottom 12 has a corresponding cone-shaped recess 13.
- the conical surfaces 13, 23 act as centering surfaces when approaching the foundation body 10 to the ballast anchor 20 during the last phase of lowering the foundation body 10.
- FIG. 3 a further embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention is shown. Since this embodiment, in particular with respect to the feasible installation process substantially with that of FIGS. 1a-d matches and also in connection with FIGS. 2a-b has explained design, reference is made to the explanation there for explanation. In the following, only the differences from the above will be discussed.
- each of the three tension cables 30 has its own independently controllable winch 40, which are uniformly distributed over the circumference of the foundation body 10.
- a guide roller 24 is provided for each of the traction cables 30.
- the traction cables 30 are each guided by a deflection roller 24 and fastened with their remote from the winch 40 end directly on the foundation body 10.
- the ballast armature 20 has on its underside 25 designed to rest on the base 90, a circumferential skirt 26.
- a pump is provided as a negative pressure module 27, with the after placing the ballast armature 20 on the base 90 within the skirt 26, a negative pressure between ballast anchor 20 and ground 90 can be generated so as to increase the Vertikalankerhaltekraft the ballast armature 20.
- the ballast anchor 20 On its upper side 22 facing the foundation body 10, the ballast anchor 20 has a connection element 28. With this connecting element 28, the ballast anchor can be fastened to the foundation body 10 after it has been lowered such that at least part of the weight of the ballast anchor 20 is introduced into the foundation body 10 via the connection element 28. The weight of the ballast anchor 20 may then contribute at least partially as an additional weight to secure the foundation body 10.
- the lowering process of the foundation body 10 can be very precisely controlled via a control unit, not shown, in particular undesirable changes in position of the foundation body 10 can be counteracted. If the foundation body 10 has separately ballast chambers 11 which can be filled with ballast, the control unit can also control the filling of the individual ballast chambers 11 during the lowering process.
- FIG. 4 a further embodiment of an arrangement 1 according to the invention is shown, which basically in the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1a-d oriented. In the following, therefore, only the differences from this embodiment will be discussed, while otherwise reference is made to the above statements.
- a ground anchor 20 ' is provided, which is fixed in the known manner in the base 90 and has a deflection roller 24. About this guide roller 24, a pull cable 30 is guided, which is fixedly connected at its one end to the foundation body 10. At its other end, the pull rope is attached to a towboat 40 '.
- the towboat 40 'so removed from the installation site for the foundation body 10 that the pull cable 30 is always below a predetermined tension.
- the foundation body 10 is formed for surface formation. It is but of course also possible that the foundation body 10 is formed for deep foundation and, for example, has quiver for receiving foundation piles.
- the foundation body 10 may be made in concrete, steel or hybrid construction. As a ballast, for example, water, sand or concrete can be used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK16152036.6T DK3196363T3 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLING OFFSHORE FOUNDATIONS |
| PL16152036T PL3196363T3 (pl) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Układ oraz sposób instalacji fundamentów morskich |
| LTEP16152036.6T LT3196363T (lt) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Pakrantės pamatų montavimo komplektas ir būdas |
| EP16152036.6A EP3196363B1 (fr) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Agencement et procede d'installation de fondations offshore |
| PT16152036T PT3196363T (pt) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Montagem e procedimento para instalação de fundações offshore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16152036.6A EP3196363B1 (fr) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Agencement et procede d'installation de fondations offshore |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3196363A1 true EP3196363A1 (fr) | 2017-07-26 |
| EP3196363B1 EP3196363B1 (fr) | 2018-11-21 |
Family
ID=55182262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16152036.6A Active EP3196363B1 (fr) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | Agencement et procede d'installation de fondations offshore |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3196363B1 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK3196363T3 (fr) |
| LT (1) | LT3196363T (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL3196363T3 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT3196363T (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113323006A (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 福建永福电力设计股份有限公司 | 一种海上风电吸力桩与导管架拼装辅助装置及拼装方法 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2901957A1 (de) * | 1979-01-19 | 1980-07-24 | Strabag Bau Ag | Versetzbare kuenstliche insel und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
| DE102012021001A1 (de) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-10 | N.Prior Energy Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Gründung für Offshore-Windenergieanlagen |
-
2016
- 2016-01-20 LT LTEP16152036.6T patent/LT3196363T/lt unknown
- 2016-01-20 PL PL16152036T patent/PL3196363T3/pl unknown
- 2016-01-20 EP EP16152036.6A patent/EP3196363B1/fr active Active
- 2016-01-20 PT PT16152036T patent/PT3196363T/pt unknown
- 2016-01-20 DK DK16152036.6T patent/DK3196363T3/en active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2901957A1 (de) * | 1979-01-19 | 1980-07-24 | Strabag Bau Ag | Versetzbare kuenstliche insel und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
| DE102012021001A1 (de) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-10 | N.Prior Energy Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Gründung für Offshore-Windenergieanlagen |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113323006A (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 福建永福电力设计股份有限公司 | 一种海上风电吸力桩与导管架拼装辅助装置及拼装方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL3196363T3 (pl) | 2019-07-31 |
| LT3196363T (lt) | 2019-04-10 |
| PT3196363T (pt) | 2019-02-26 |
| DK3196363T3 (en) | 2019-03-18 |
| EP3196363B1 (fr) | 2018-11-21 |
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