EP3207167A2 - Revêtement pour composants de moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Revêtement pour composants de moteurs à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP3207167A2
EP3207167A2 EP15781911.1A EP15781911A EP3207167A2 EP 3207167 A2 EP3207167 A2 EP 3207167A2 EP 15781911 A EP15781911 A EP 15781911A EP 3207167 A2 EP3207167 A2 EP 3207167A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
internal combustion
combustion engines
mass fraction
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15781911.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Hanke
Leander Schramm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH filed Critical KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Publication of EP3207167A2 publication Critical patent/EP3207167A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0031—Matrix based on refractory metals, W, Mo, Nb, Hf, Ta, Zr, Ti, V or alloys thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F02F3/12—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating for components of internal combustion engines, in particular for cylinder and / or piston surfaces, according to the features of the preambles of the independent claims.
  • This coating for components of internal combustion engines is suitable for example as a corrosion and wear-resistant cylinder surface for low friction in internal combustion engines.
  • This corrosion and wear resistant cylinder surface for low friction in internal combustion engines is in turn particularly suitable for use in diesel engines.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved corrosion and wear resistant cylinder surface for low friction in internal combustion engines.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that a coating for components of internal combustion engines, in particular for cylinder and / or piston surfaces is proposed, wherein the coating chromium with a mass fraction between 1 and 30%, preferably between 5 and 20%, in particular 1 1%, wherein the coating iron having a mass fraction of between 0 and 50%, preferably between 15 and 35%, in particular with 25%, wherein the coating carbides and / or oxides with a mass fraction between 0 and 50%, preferably between 15 and 35%, in particular with 25% and wherein the coating has a solid lubricant with a mass fraction of between 0 and 30%, preferably between 5 and 15%, in particular with 10%.
  • the chromium content increases the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • the coating according to the invention leads to an improvement in the exhaust gas behavior and to a reduction in fuel consumption.
  • the oxides are aluminum oxide and / or zirconium oxide. Oxides lead to an improvement in the wear resistance of components of internal combustion engines, in particular of cylinder and / or piston surfaces.
  • the invention provides that the carbides are chromium carbide and / or boron carbide. Carbides lead to an improvement in the wear resistance of components of internal combustion engines, in particular of cylinder and / or piston surfaces.
  • the invention provides that the solid lubricant is molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide and / or iron oxide.
  • Solid lubricants lead to an improvement in the sliding friction of components of internal combustion engines, in particular of cylinder and / or piston surfaces.
  • the invention provides that the coating has pores. Pores lead to an improvement in the sliding friction of components of internal combustion engines, in particular of cylinder and / or piston surfaces by the inclusion of lubricants from the lubrication circuit of the Internal combustion engine. Pores form a reservoir for lubricant during operation of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the risk of lack of lubrication between the friction partners piston and cylinder wall is significantly reduced. The risk of failure of the internal combustion engine, which has components provided with the coating according to the invention, is reduced.
  • the invention provides that the pores have a pore area greater than 1000 ⁇ 2 , preferably between 250 and 1500 ⁇ 2 , preferably between 500 and 1000 m 2 .
  • the pore surface is a measure of the contact points between stored in the pores lubricant and the respective friction partner.
  • the invention provides that the pores have an average pore volume between 1000 and 60000 m 3 , preferably between 2000 and 40 000 m 3 , in particular between 6000 and 10000 m 3 .
  • the pore volume defines the absorbency of lubricant in the surface of the coating.
  • the coating has a top roughness depth of less than 0.30, preferably less than 0.20, in particular less than 0.10.
  • the invention provides that the coating has a core roughness depth of less than 0.40, preferably less than 0.30, in particular less than 0.20.
  • a corrosion and wear resistant cylinder surface and / or surface of a piston for low friction internal combustion engines obtained by a wire spraying method having a chromium content in the range of 1% to 30%, preferably 9% to 13%, again preferably 1 1%, and other solids contents, in total 100%, dissolved.
  • the coating according to the invention can be made, for example, using a wire-spraying process, e.g. PTWA be applied to components of internal combustion engines with alloyed solid wires, or with filler-filled filler wire and smooth honing.
  • a wire-spraying process e.g. PTWA be applied to components of internal combustion engines with alloyed solid wires, or with filler-filled filler wire and smooth honing.
  • a PTWA (Plasma Transferred Wire Are) coating system is a system for coating bores with a diameter of 65 to 350 mm.
  • the spray additive is fed in wire form.
  • the nozzle unit may consist of a thorium-doped tungsten cathode, an air-cooled pilot nozzle made of copper and an electrically conductive wire-shaped filler material which is fed perpendicular to the pilot nozzle.
  • the plasma gas a mixture of hydrogen and argon, is supplied through bores located tangentially to the periphery in the cathode holder.
  • the position of the cylinder bores creates a gas flow twisted along the cathode, which escapes through the nozzle at high speed.
  • the process is started by a high-voltage discharge which ionizes and dissociates the plasma gas between the pilot nozzle and the cathode.
  • the plasma thus generated flows through the nozzle orifice at high speed and expands along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
  • the plasma is transported to the perpendicular to the nozzle continuously supplied wire filler material, whereby the electric circuit is closed.
  • Melting and atomization of the wire are influenced in two ways.
  • the wire is on the one hand by high currents, for example, with 65 to 90 amps, resistance heated.
  • the impact of the plasma on the preheated wire ensures its melting and atomization.
  • a source of plasma gas for generating a plasma gas stream
  • a nozzle body having a nozzle opening through which the plasma gas stream is passed as a plasma jet to a wire end
  • a second electrode disposed in the plasma gas stream prior to entering the nozzle orifice are concerned with such devices.
  • the plasma jet emerging from the nozzle opening strikes the end of the wire and there causes the wire to melt off with the arc and to remove the molten wire material in the direction of the surface to be coated.
  • Secondary air jets are provided around the nozzle orifice to form a secondary gas jet which strikes the material melted from the wire end to effect an acceleration of transport toward the surface to be coated and a secondary atomization of the molten wire material.
  • Today's internal combustion engines or their engine blocks can be made of a metal or light metal, such. Cast aluminum, in particular aluminum blocks have on their cylinder bores an iron or metal layer. The metal layer may be thermally sprayed.
  • thermal spraying processes in addition to two-wire arc spraying (TWA), HVOF spraying and plasma powder spraying, the above-mentioned processes are known as plasma wire spraying or PTWA (Plasma Transferred Wire Are).
  • a coating of the cylinder bores by means of the plasma wire spraying method, ie with the PTWA is advantageous because it is possible to produce a coating which has a positive effect on a reduced wear factor, on an extended service life of the internal combustion engine with lower oil consumption compared to conventional ones Linings with cast-in liners made of gray cast iron material.
  • a coating for components of internal combustion engines, in particular for cylinder and / or piston surfaces according to the invention may have the following composition, the content of the respective substance in the coating is as Chromium content 1 to 30%, preferably 1 1%, solids content such as alumina, zirconium oxide, chromium carbide, boron carbide 0 to 50% total content, preferably 25%, solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, iron oxide 0 to 30% preferably 10%.
  • the honing structure within the cylinder running surface is carried out, for example, as follows R. pk ⁇ 0, 1, R.k. ⁇ 0.4, R.vk. from the porosity of the carving layer.
  • exhaust gas recirculation takes place only in the partial load range, since the engine runs particularly lean here. For cold start, warm-up and full load exhaust gas recirculation does not make sense. Exhaust gas recirculation sometimes takes place at idle, but only for a limited time. A return of the exhaust gases at full load would lead to black smoke formation and loss of performance due to the lack of air produced.
  • a reduction of the combustion temperature always results in a reduction of the NOx content in the exhaust gas.
  • the following table compares the coatings 1, 2 and 3 according to the invention for components of internal combustion engines, in particular for cylinder and / or piston surfaces. All coatings lead to a reduction in the friction between the cylinder wall and the piston. The coatings 2 and 3 additionally increase the corrosion resistance of components for internal combustion engines.
  • a chrome diamond coating (GDC @) has extremely low wear rates, excellent frictional / sliding properties and very accurate, permanent formability.
  • PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
  • DLC Amorphous Carbon Layer (English: diamond-like carbon)

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un revêtement pour composants de moteurs à combustion interne, en particulier pour des surfaces de cylindres et/ou de pistons, contenant du chrome dans une fraction massique de 1 à 30 %, de préférence de 5 à 20 %, notamment de 11 %, du fer dans une fraction massique de 0 à 50 %, de préférence de 15 à 35 %, notamment de 25 %, des carbures et/ou des oxydes dans une fraction massique de 0 à 50 %, de préférence de 15 à 35 %, notamment de 25 %, et un lubrifiant solide dans une fraction massique de 0 à 30 %, de préférence de 5 à 15 %, notamment de 10 %.
EP15781911.1A 2014-10-17 2015-10-16 Revêtement pour composants de moteurs à combustion interne Withdrawn EP3207167A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014115176 2014-10-17
PCT/EP2015/074064 WO2016059237A2 (fr) 2014-10-17 2015-10-16 Revêtement pour composants de moteurs à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3207167A2 true EP3207167A2 (fr) 2017-08-23

Family

ID=54337264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15781911.1A Withdrawn EP3207167A2 (fr) 2014-10-17 2015-10-16 Revêtement pour composants de moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20170234264A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3207167A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN107075655A (fr)
DE (1) DE102015220251A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2017004776A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016059237A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016205199A1 (de) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Gleitlack für die Beschichtung von Motorkolben
US20220048146A1 (en) * 2017-07-21 2022-02-17 Awa Forged Composites, Llc Method of Designing and Producing Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Pistons
CN110904402A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-03-24 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 一种自润滑减摩涂层及喷涂方法
CN111926231B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2021-08-03 湘潭大学 制备氧化物弥散强化MoNbTaVW难熔高熵合金方法
CN113502447A (zh) * 2021-07-21 2021-10-15 昆明理工大学 一种发动机缸孔内壁取代缸套的涂层及其喷涂工艺

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US8794540B2 (en) * 2010-01-12 2014-08-05 General Electric Company Wire arc spray system using composite wire for porous coating, and related method
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DE102011002501A1 (de) 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Ford-Werke Gmbh Vorrichtung zum thermischen Beschichten einer Oberfläche
DE102012018276A1 (de) * 2012-09-14 2014-05-15 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Verschleißschutzschicht für Kolbenringe

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016059237A2 (fr) 2016-04-21
US20170234264A1 (en) 2017-08-17
DE102015220251A1 (de) 2016-04-21
MX2017004776A (es) 2017-07-27
WO2016059237A3 (fr) 2016-06-09
CN107075655A (zh) 2017-08-18

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