EP3207399A1 - Appareil et procédé permettant de déterminer l'angle de départ pour une transmission de liaison descendante à entrée multiple sortie multiple - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé permettant de déterminer l'angle de départ pour une transmission de liaison descendante à entrée multiple sortie multiple

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Publication number
EP3207399A1
EP3207399A1 EP14796134.6A EP14796134A EP3207399A1 EP 3207399 A1 EP3207399 A1 EP 3207399A1 EP 14796134 A EP14796134 A EP 14796134A EP 3207399 A1 EP3207399 A1 EP 3207399A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
magnitudes
signals
subset
angles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14796134.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jocelyn Aulin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of EP3207399A1 publication Critical patent/EP3207399A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
    • G01S3/74—Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2628—Inverse Fourier transform modulators, e.g. inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to wireless communication and, in particular, to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data using an angle-of-departure selection technique, and mapping the data to be transmitted to these angles and subsequently, transforming the data to signals to be transmitted on transmit antennas in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system having a plurality of antennas.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • Massive MIMO or very large scale MIMO antenna systems is a technique that can offer large network capacities in multi-user scenarios, where the base stations are equipped with a large number of antenna elements simultaneously serving multiple single- antenna users. Additional antenna elements are usually inexpensive, and the additional digital signal processing becomes ever cheaper. However, when there are many antennas, the link between the baseband unit and the remote antenna unit becomes a bottleneck in terms of rate when l-Q (or in-phase and quadrature) antenna data (one stream for each transmit antenna element) needs to be transmitted over this link to a very large number of antennas.
  • a low cost, low complexity solution to this problem is to choose a subset of antenna elements out of the total number of antenna elements.
  • antenna element selection can improve the system performance by exploiting the spatial selectivity, and a subset of antenna elements may be selected and switched to the RF chains.
  • selecting a subset of antennas does not permit the system to benefit from the known benefits of simultaneously using a very large number of antennas elements to transmit (or receive as in Massive MIMO systems.
  • the propagation channel potentially provides much more spatial selectivity, from which the system performance can be improved due to increased energy efficiency since the energy radiated is more focused towards a desired receiver and thereby, reducing interference to other non-intended users.
  • the method in this invention determines subsets of support angles based on uplink signals received at antenna elements of one or more MI MO antenna arrays. The determined support angles can be used for mapping downlink data streams to a subset of the antenna elements of the MI MO antenna array.
  • a multiple-input multiple output (MI MO) downlink (DL) data stream control apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to: obtain uplink signals (UL) received at antenna elements of one or more MI MO antenna arrays, the elements of the MI MO arrays being arranged in one or more rows and columns; transform, for each of a selected number of rows, the number of row signals from spatial domain to a number of first support signals in an angular domain, with each first support signal of a given row being a function of a corresponding first support angle; transform, for each of a selected number of columns, the number of column signals from spatial domain to a number of second support signals in an angular domain, with each second support signal of a given column being a function of a corresponding second support angle; determine first and second sets of support signal magnitudes by determining a magnitude for each or at least part of the first and second support signals; calculate a first average magnitude for each or at least part of the first support angles based on determined magnitudes for first support signals being
  • the at least one processor is configured to use Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) or Discrete Space Fourier Transform (DSFT) in transforming the number of row signals from spatial domain to the number of first support signals in the angular domain, and in transforming the number of column signals from spatial domain to the number of second support signals in the angular domain.
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • DSFT Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • the at least one processor is further configured to determine a first subset of support angle pairs or support angle co-ordinate pairs by combining each angle of the subset of first support angles with each angle of the subset of second support angles.
  • the at least one processor is further configured to: perform a two-dimensional transform from spatial domain to angular domain of the signals of the selected rows and columns using as discrete variables the first support angles and the second support angles represented by the first subset of support angle pairs; determine for each or at least part of the first subset of support angle pairs the magnitude of the corresponding two-dimensional transform; compare the determined two-dimensional transform magnitudes with a third predetermined threshold value; and determine a second subset of support angle pairs or support angle co-ordinate pairs, each of the second subset of support angle pairs having a corresponding two-dimensional transform magnitude exceeding the third threshold magnitude.
  • the at least one processor is further configured to assign a number of downlink (DL) data streams to a corresponding number of support angle pairs for downlinktransmission, wherein each support angle pair is selected from the first or the second subset of support angle pairs.
  • DL downlink
  • the at least one processor is further configured to transform the downlink data streams assigned to the support angles from the angular domain to the spatial domain by use of Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation (IDFT).
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation
  • the at least one processor is further configured to: estimate a new set of first support signal magnitudes based on a plurality of determined sets of first support signal magnitudes corresponding to a plurality of subsequent received uplink signals, the new set of first support signal magnitudes corresponding to a future point in time for receiving an uplink signal; estimate a new set of second support signal magnitudes based on a plurality of determined sets of second support signal magnitudes corresponding to the plurality of subsequent received uplink signals, the new set of second support signal magnitudes corresponding to the future point in time for receiving an uplink signal; and calculate the first and second average magnitudes based on the estimated new first and second support signal magnitudes.
  • the at least one processor is configured to estimate a new set of support signal magnitudes by use of a linear estimation in time based on the determined magnitudes in the plurality of determined sets of support signal magnitudes.
  • the at least one processor is configured to estimate a new set of support signal magnitudes by use of a moving time average or weighted moving time average based on the determined magnitudes in the plurality of determined sets of support signal magnitudes.
  • the at least one processor is configured to: form a time signal matrix representing signal values received by the antenna elements in the selected rows and columns, with rows and columns of the signal matrix corresponding to the selected rows and columns of receiving elements; form a frequency signal matrix by transforming the time signal matrix from spatial time domain to spatial frequency domain; transform the signals of each row of the frequency signal matrix, each of which rows corresponds to a selected row of receiving elements, from the spatial frequency domain to an angular frequency domain; and transform the signals of each column of the frequency signal matrix, each of which columns corresponds to a selected column of receiving elements, from the spatial frequency domain to an angular frequency domain.
  • the transformation of the time signal matrix from spatial time domain to spatial frequency domain may be performed by use of Fourier Transform (FT) or Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) or any other fast implementation of the Fourier Transform, and the transformation from the spatial frequency domain to the angularfrequency domain may be performed by use of Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) or Discrete Space Fourier Transform (DSFT).
  • FT Fourier Transform
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • DSFT Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • a method for determining a subset of support angles for use in transmission of downlink (DL) data streams from a plurality of antenna elements of one or more multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) antenna arrays comprising: receiving at the antenna elements of one or more MIMO antenna arrays one or more uplink signals (UL), the elements of the MIMO array(s) being arranged in one or more rows and columns; transforming, for each of a selected number of rows, the number of row signals from spatial domain to a number of first support signals in an angular domain, with each first support signal of a given row being a function of a corresponding first support angle; transforming, for each of a selected number of columns, the number of column signals from spatial domain to a number of second support signals in an angular domain, with each second support signal of a given column being a function of a corresponding second support angle; determining first and second sets of support signal magnitudes by determining a magnitude for each or at least part of the first and
  • the transformation of the number of row signals from spatial domain to the number of first support signals in the angular domain, and the transformation of the number of column signals from spatial domain to the number of second support signals in the angular domain is performed by use of Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) or Discrete Space Fourier Transform (DSFT).
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • DSFT Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • the method further comprises determining a first subset of support angle pairs or support angle co-ordinate pairs by combining each angle of the subset of first support angles with each angle of the subset of second support angles.
  • the method further comprises: performing a two-dimensional transform from spatial domain to angular domain of the signals of the selected rows and columns using as discrete variables the first support angles and the second support angles represented by the first subset of support angle pairs; determining for each or at least part of the first subset of support angle pairs the magnitude of the corresponding two-dimensional transform; comparing the determined two-dimensional transform magnitudes with a third predetermined threshold value; and determining a second subset of support angle pairs or support angle co-ordinate pairs, each of the second subset of support angle pairs having a corresponding two- dimensional transform magnitude exceeding the third threshold magnitude.
  • the method further comprises assigning a number of downlink (DL) data streams to a corresponding number of support angle pairs for downlink transmission, wherein each support angle pair is selected from the first or the second subset of support angle pairs.
  • DL downlink
  • the method further comprises transforming the downlink data streams mapped to the support angles from the angular domain to the spatial domain by use of Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation (IDFT).
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation
  • the step of determining first and second sets of support signal magnitudes further comprises: estimating a new set of first support signal magnitudes based on a plurality of determined sets of first support signal magnitudes corresponding to a plurality of subsequent received uplink signals, the new set of first support signal magnitudes corresponding to a future point in time for receiving an uplink signal; and estimating a new set of second support signal magnitudes based on a plurality of determined sets of second support signal magnitudes corresponding to the plurality of subsequent received uplink signals, the new set of second support signal magnitudes corresponding to the future point in time for receiving an uplink signal; and the step of calculating first and second average magnitudes is based on the estimated new first and second support signal magnitudes.
  • the estimation of a new set of support signal magnitudes is performed by use of a linear estimation in time based on the determined magnitudes in the plurality of determined sets of support signal magnitudes.
  • the estimation of a new set of support signal magnitudes is performed by use of a moving time average or weighted moving time average based on the determined magnitudes in the plurality of determined sets of support signal magnitudes.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates delay in arrival time for a single plane wave impinging on a one- dimensional uniform linear array antenna, or uniform linear array of antenna elements
  • Fig. 2 illustrates delay in arrival time for a single plane wave impinging on a two- dimensional uniform rectangular array antenna or uniform linear array of antenna elements
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating transmission of an uplink signal from a user equipment, receipt of the uplink signal at a base station, determination of support angles at the base station, and use of the support angles for transmission of downlink signals in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing processor configurations blocks of a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of processor configurations of a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention, showing different processing configurations corresponding to part of the configuration blocks of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a block diagram of processor configurations of a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention, showing different processing configurations corresponding to the last block of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 7 is a system diagram illustrating data flow using a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the DL data streams, which are to be transmitted, can be mapped to selected support spectral angles, and then an inverse Fourier transform of the mapped DL signals can be performed from the spectral angular domain to the spatial domain.
  • the resultant output of the inverse Fourier transform can be mapped directly to the antenna ports of a multi-dimensional antenna array.
  • the principles of the present invention may facilitate easier design and implementation of pre-coders by reducing latency and improving accuracy in selection of the spectral angles based on UL signals, which selected spectral angles may have the largest spectral magnitudes, and which selected spectral angles may be used as spectral angles for transmission of data streams on the downlink.
  • a massive MIMO antenna array rather than performing time averaging of the magnitudes of the angular domain signal strength over time, over multiple SRSs, one can perform averaging along one spatial dimension (e.g. vertical) when trying to determine a subset of support spectral angles with largest spectral magnitude in another orthogonal spatial dimension (e.g horizontal). After averaging the spectral magnitude in the angular domain across a spatial dimension (vertical), then one can select a subset of support spectral angles for the given spatial dimension (horizontal) which have the largest spatially (vertical) averaged spectral magnitude.
  • one spatial dimension e.g. vertical
  • a subset of support spectral angles with largest spectral magnitude in another orthogonal spatial dimension (e.g horizontal).
  • a subset of support spectral angles with largest spectral magnitude in another spatial dimension the procedure similar to that just described can be applied, where the spectral magnitudes in the angular domain (vertical spatial dimension) is averaged along the other (horizontal) spatial dimension.
  • a time average or weighted time average of the two dimensional array of spectral magnitudes in the angular domain can be performed to obtain better selection of subsets of support angles corresponding to the largest spectral magnitudes.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates delay in arrival time for a single plane wave impinging on a one- dimensional uniform linear array, ULA, antenna 100.
  • the antenna 100 has five antenna elements, 1-5, arranged along a line, and a signal wave transmitted from a Source, is impinging on the antenna 100 at an angle of arrival ⁇ relative to a direction perpendicular to the antenna 100.
  • the distance between two antenna elements 1 and 2 is d, and there is a delay in arrival time of the signal wave from element 1 to element 2 due to the travelling distance c sin(3).
  • Fig. 2 illustrates delay in arrival time for a single plane wave impinging on a two- dimensional uniform rectangular array antenna 200.
  • the antenna 200 has five rows of equally spaced antenna elements 201 , where the spacing between the elements of rows 201 is given by c H, and five columns of equally spaced antenna elements 202, where the spacing between the elements of columns 202 is given byd V.
  • a signal wave is transmitted from a Source 203, and the signal wave is impinging on the antenna 200 at an angle of arrival ⁇ relative to a direction perpendicular to the rows 201 , and the delay in arrival time of the signal wave from one element to another element in a row is due to the travelling distance dH sin(9H).
  • the signal wave is impinging on the antenna 200 at an angle of arrival ⁇ relative to a direction perpendicular to the columns 202, and the delay in arrival time of the signal wave from one element to another element in a column is due to the travelling distance c V sin(9V).
  • the present invention covers embodiments, for which the rows and columns of antenna elements may be arranged at an angle to each other, and they may be arranged perpendicular to each other, but the angle need not be perpendicular, and other angles can be used, such as 60 degrees, 45 degrees, or 30 degrees. Also for the arrangement of elements within different rows, the elements of a given row may be staggered to the left or right with respect to the elements of one or more neighboring rows. The elements in the different columns can also be staggered with respect to the elements of one or more neighboring columns. When signals are received from several MIMO antenna arrays, the arrays may preferably be arranged in the same plane, i.e. co-planar.
  • the present invention also covers embodiments, for which the rows and columns of antenna elements are not perpendicular. If they are not perpendicular, then a first angle of arrival, azimuth angle, can be estimated or determined from signals received at row elements; then a second angle of arrival can be estimated or determined from signals received at column elements, where the columns may be at angle different to 90 degrees (diagonal columns) relative to the rows. An elevation angle can now be determined based on the second angle of arrival obtained from the column elements and based on the first angle of arrival, azimuth, obtained from the row elements. If there are only rows of elements, then an angle of arrival can be determined only from the row elements.
  • the downlink data signal streams which can be mapped to these support spectral angles ⁇ * , can be transformed from the angular to the spatial domain via an inverse discrete Fourier transform.
  • the streams output of the inverse Fourier transform can then be mapped to antenna ports to be sent on the downlink.
  • the incoming signal wave has an angle of arrival, AoA, of ⁇ ⁇ relative to a direction perpendicular to the rows 201 , and there is a delay in arrival time r ⁇ of the signal wave from one element to another element in a row due to the difference in travelling distance dH sm(0 H ).
  • the incoming signal has an angle of arrival ⁇ ⁇ relative to a direction perpendicular to the columns 202, and there is a delay in arrival time ⁇ ⁇ of the signal wave from one element to another element in a column is given by the travelling distance dV
  • the uplink received signal from each antenna element, in the (M + 1 ) ⁇ (1 ⁇ 2 + 1 ) antenna array is given by the respective entry in the matrix R(f) which is given by s(t) - s ⁇ t + M 2 T H )
  • Step 1 of the procedure: For each row, r, of antennas elements, transform the received and detected signals, ⁇ s rn (t), n 1, ... , M 2 + 1 ⁇ , where n is the column index in the matrix in equation (1 ), from the spatial time domain to an angular frequency domain or spectral angular domain, where the signals are a function of both frequency and an angle.
  • This can be done in two steps, by first transforming the signals from the spatial time domain, equation (1 ) to the frequency domain or spatial frequency domain, equation (2). The next step is then to transform the signals from the spatial frequency domain, equation (2), to an angular frequency domain or spectral angular domain.
  • equation (2) can be transformed to the angular frequency domain by use of Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT, or Discrete Space Fourier Transform, DSFT, and a number of discrete variables or discrete angles 6 k .
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • DSFT Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • the number of discrete variables 6 k can be set equal to the number of elements in a row, which equals the number of columns M2 + 1 , and 6 k is set to k 2 ⁇ / ⁇ 2, where k goes from 0 to M2.
  • r is the row index of a two-dimensional antenna array and k is the index of the discrete variable or angle ⁇ as in 6 k , and by use of DFT, or DSFT on equation (2), then for each row r, a number of first support signals in the angular domain is obtained, where each first support signal is a function of a discrete first support angle 9 k :
  • Equation (3) gives M2 + 1 values for r (0 fe ), one for each antenna element in a row.
  • the discrete variable or angle 0 k is not the actual angle of arrival, AoA, but may be considered as an effective angle, which is related to the angle of arrival.
  • the magnitude of the each value X r (6 k ) is a function of the delay time ⁇ ⁇ , which again is a function of angle of arrival of the incoming signal.
  • the magnitude of X r (6 k ) will vary for different values of 6 k and for different angles of arrivals, AoA.
  • the selected rows, for which the row signals are transformed holds the same number of equally spaced apart elements, and the number of row signals are transformed from spatial domain to an equal number of first support signals in an angular domain, where each first support signal of a given row may be a function of a corresponding first support angle 6 k , with the number of first support angles being equal to the number of elements in the row.
  • each first support signal of a given row may be a function of a corresponding first support angle 6 k , with the number of first support angles being equal to the number of elements in the row.
  • the rows do not need to hold the same number of elements, nor do the row elements need to be equally spaced apart, since the granularity of the DSFT can be adjusted.
  • the resultant number of transformed first support signals and corresponding first support angles can then be determined by the selected granularity of the DSFT. The same goes for the selected columns.
  • Step 3 Each entry in the matrix of equation (4) represents the magnitude of a first support signal at a given first spectral angle. Perform a column average of the entries of the matrix of equation (4):
  • first support spectral angles 6 j where the magnitude of the averaged signal strength of equation (5) exceeds a threshold.
  • This subset of first support spectral angles can be used where, for example, each DL data stream is mapped to a unique spectral angle for DL transmission.
  • Such a subset of first support spectral angles is given by:
  • Steps 1 to 3 identify the support or indices of first support spectral angles along any given row of matrixX w above.
  • Step 4 a similar procedure is employed for identifying the support or indices of second support spectral angles along any given column of matrix X w defined below.
  • Steps 4, 5 and 6 Employ procedures similar to Steps 1 , 2 and 3, by Fourier transforming signals along a column of antenna elements and subsequently performing averaging along the horizontal (row) dimension.
  • Step 4 Let c be the column index of the two-dimensional antenna array and k is the index of a discrete angle ⁇ as in 6 k above, then for each column c of antenna elements, a number of second support signals in the angular domain is obtained, where each second support signal is a function of a discrete second support angle 6 k , where 6 k is set to k 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , where k goes from 0 to M.
  • Step 6 Each entry in the matrix of equation (8) represents the magnitude of a second support signal at a given second support angle. Perform a row average for the entries of the matrix of equation (8):
  • Step 7 For a number of subsequent in time received uplink sounding reference signals, perform the steps 1 -2 and 4-5 both for rows and columns, thereby obtaining a corresponding number of first and second support signal magnitudes, X w equation (4) and X w equation (8), and estimate a new set of first support signal magnitudes based on the determined number of first support signal magnitudes, and estimate a new set of second support signal magnitudes based on the determined number of second support signal magnitudes.
  • the estimation of the new sets of first and second support signal magnitudes can be performed by use of linear estimation in time and/or by use of moving time average or weighted moving time average.
  • the resulting set A is a first subset of support angle pairs or support angle co-ordinate pairs, where each pair comprises a first support angle from subset ⁇ and a second support angle from subset C.
  • the number of angle pairs of subset A is a combination of each angle of the subset s of first support angles with each angle of the subsets of second support angles.
  • the angle pairs of the first subset of support angle pairs A can be used for mapping to downlink, DL, data streams, where each of a number of DL data streams are mapped to a corresponding support angle pair selected from the first subsets.
  • the angle pairs of the second subset of support angle pairs A * can now be used for mapping to DL data streams, where each of a number of DL data streams are mapped to a corresponding support angle pair selected from the second subset A * .
  • Step 10 Map downlink, DL, data streams to selected co-ordinate pairs of the second subset of support angle pairs A * .
  • the pairs of support angles, A * have been determined in the angular frequency domain obtained by use of Discrete Fourier Transform DFT, or Discrete Space Fourier Transform, DSFT.
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • DSFT Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • IDSFT Inverse Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • Step 1 1 Perform Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform IDFT, or Inverse Discrete Space Fourier Transform, IDSFT, on the mapped DL data streams.
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform
  • IDSFT Inverse Discrete Space Fourier Transform
  • the mapped DL data streams which have now been transformed to the spatial frequency domain, need to be transformed to the spatial time domain, which can be done by use of Inverse Fourier Transform, IFT.
  • IFT Inverse Fourier Transform
  • Step 12 Perform Inverse Fourier Transform IFT from frequency to time domain, on the mapped DL data streams, which have been transformed to the spatial frequency domain.
  • the transformed and support angle mapped DL data streams can be mapped to physical antenna ports of one or more MIMO antenna arrays for downlink transmission.
  • Step 13 Map transformed and support angle mapped DL data streams to physical antenna ports of one or more MIMO antenna arrays for downlink transmission.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating transmission of an uplink signal from a user equipment 301 , where the user equipment can be a mobile phone or unit and the uplink signal a sounding reference signal, SRS.
  • the uplink signal SRS is received at a base station, and the base station holds a control apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention, whereby the base station is configured for determination of support angles to be mapped to downlink signals 302.
  • the control apparatus of the base station is further configured to map the support angles to the DL signals, transforming the mapped DL signals, and forwarding the transformed DL signals to antenna ports of one or more Ml MO antenna arrays 303.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing processor configurations blocks of a control apparatus 400 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the control apparatus 400 is configured to obtain one or more uplink, UL, signals, which are received at antenna elements of one or more Ml MO antenna arrays.
  • the apparatus 400 is configured to perform processing for transforming the obtained UL signals from time domain to frequency domain, which may include use of FT.
  • the apparatus is configured to perform spatial processing for transforming the frequency signals of block 402 from frequency to an angular domain, which may include use of DFT.
  • the apparatus is configured to select pairs of subset support angles based on the transformed signals of block 403.
  • the apparatus is configured to map pairs of selected support angles to downlink, DL, signals or DL data streams.
  • the apparatus is configured to transform the mapped DL signals from angular frequency domain to spatial time domain, which may include us of IDFT an IFT, and in block 407 the apparatus is configured to map the transformed DL signals from block 406 to physical antenna ports.
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of processor configurations of a control apparatus 500 according to an embodiment of the invention, showing different processing configurations corresponding to configuration blocks 401 -404 of Fig. 4.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to obtain one or more uplink, UL, signals, which are received at antenna elements of one or more MIMO antenna arrays.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to perform a Fourier transformation, FT, on the obtained UL signals, to obtain the result of equation (2) and thereby transform the received UL signals from spatial time to spatial frequency domain.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to perform Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT, or Discrete Space Fourier Transform, DSFT, on the rows and columns of the Fourier Transform of equation (2) and thereby transform the signals of equation (2) from spatial frequency domain to angular frequency domain.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to select the rows of the transformed signals of block 503 to obtain a number of first support signals, each being a function of a corresponding first support angle, corresponding to the results of equation (3) in the above Step 1.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to select the columns of the transformed signals of block 503 to obtain a number of second support signals, each being a function of a corresponding second support angle, corresponding to the results of equation (7) in the above Step 4.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to determine or estimate magnitudes of the first and second support signals corresponding to the results of equation (4) in Step 2 and equation (8) of Step 5.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to repeat steps 1-2 and 4-5 for a number of subsequent in time received uplink sounding reference signals, S S, thereby obtaining a corresponding number of first and second support signal magnitudes, corresponding to X w of equation (4) and X w of equation (8), block 507, and to estimate new sets of first and second support signal magnitudes based on the determined plurality of first and second support signal magnitudes, block 508.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to calculate average magnitudes for the first and second support signals based on the obtained magnitudes from block 506 or 508, corresponding to equation (5) of Step 3 and equation (9) of Step 6, and the apparatus 500 is further configured to compare the obtained average magnitudes with predetermined threshold magnitudes, corresponding to part of equation (6) of Step 3 and part of equation (10) of Step 6.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to select a first subset of pairs of first and second support angles, being determined by the first and second support angles, for which the average magnitudes of the corresponding first and second support signals are larger than the predetermined threshold magnitudes, corresponding to the selected first and second subsets of support angles of equation (6) of Step 3 and equation (10) of Step 6, and further configured to index the selected first and second support angles in sets of support angles, corresponding to Step 8.
  • the apparatus 500 is configured to reduce the first subset of pairs of first and second support angles, to thereby determine a reduced, second subset of pairs of first and second support angles, which is described in Step 9 and equations (1 1 ), (12), and (13).
  • Fig. 6 is a block diagram of processor configurations of a control apparatus 600 according to an embodiment of the invention, showing different processing configurations corresponding to block 303 of Fig. 3.
  • the downlink signals or data streams to be transmitted are received at block 601 .
  • the apparatus 600 is configured to map pairs of selected support angles to downlink to the DL signals or data streams.
  • the apparatus 600 is configured to transform the mapped DL signals back from angular frequency domain to spatial frequency domain, which may include IDFT.
  • the apparatus 600 is configured to forward and map the transformed DL signals, which are mapped to support angles, to antenna ports of one or more MIMO antenna arrays for downlink transmission.
  • the apparatus is configured to transform the mapped DL signals back from the spatial frequency domain to spatial time domain, which may include IFT, before the mapped DL signals are finally transmitted, and in block 606 the apparatus is configured to map the transformed DL signals from block 605 to physical antenna ports for downlink transmission, TX in DL.
  • Fig. 7 is a system diagram illustrating data flow using a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • uplink sounding reference signals UL S S 701
  • UL S S 701 are received by antenna elements of one or more MIMO antenna arrays, and forwarded to a base station comprising a control apparatus according to embodiment of the invention.
  • the received UL SRS signals are processed by the control apparatus at 702 in order to determine first and second support signals with corresponding first and second support angles.
  • the obtained first and second support signals are further processed by the control apparatus at 703 in order to determine or select a subset of pairs of first and second support angles, and pairs of the selected subset of support angles 704, 705 are mapped to downlink, DL, data streams 706.
  • IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform
  • IFT Inverse Fourier Transform
  • One effect of the present invention is that the latency can be reduced in obtaining subsets of support spectral angles for data transmission in massive MIMO systems.
  • the latency is reduced from the duration of the need to receive multiple sparse SRSs to the duration of receiving a single SRS.
  • the large size of a massive MIMO antenna array can be used to improve accuracy of selecting the subset of support spectral angles with the largest spectral magnitudes. This method facilitates the use of massive MIMO for data transmission in 3GPP LTE-Advanced systems and beyond.
  • the principles of the present invention can be applied to systems where massive MIMO antennas are used in a wireless network, where there is channel state information of the uplink channel when channel reciprocity holds, or where there is channel state information of the downlink channel when channel reciprocity does not hold.
  • the principles of the present invention can be applied to two or more antenna arrays or be applied to sub-arrays within an antenna array.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de commande de flux de données de liaison descendante (DL) à entrée multiple sortie multiple (MIMO) conçu pour déterminer un sous-ensemble des premier et second angles de support ou des paires d'angle de support à utiliser dans une transmission de liaison descendante à partir d'éléments d'antenne de réseaux d'antennes MIMO. Les sous-ensembles d'angles de support sont déterminés à partir d'un ou de plusieurs signaux de liaison montante (UL) reçus au niveau des éléments d'antenne des réseaux d'antennes MIMO. Les éléments des réseaux MIMO sont disposés en rangées et en colonnes inclinées entre elles. L'appareil de commande transforme des signaux reçus par des éléments de rangée et de colonne à partir du domaine spatial vers des premier et second signaux de support, respectivement, dans un domaine angulaire. Chaque signal de support est fonction d'un angle de support correspondant, et l'amplitude des signaux de support est fonction de l'angle d'arrivée des signaux UL. Sur la base des amplitudes des signaux de support, l'appareil de commande détermine des sous-ensembles de paires d'angles de support.
EP14796134.6A 2014-11-12 2014-11-12 Appareil et procédé permettant de déterminer l'angle de départ pour une transmission de liaison descendante à entrée multiple sortie multiple Withdrawn EP3207399A1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2014/074323 WO2016074706A1 (fr) 2014-11-12 2014-11-12 Appareil et procédé permettant de déterminer l'angle de départ pour une transmission de liaison descendante à entrée multiple sortie multiple

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EP3361649B1 (fr) * 2017-02-08 2021-05-26 Vodafone GmbH Procédé de sélection de faisceau de faible complexité
US12032054B2 (en) * 2021-09-21 2024-07-09 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Multi-stage angle of arrival estimate in vehicle radar system

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WO1999014870A2 (fr) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Adaptive Telecom, Inc. Procede spatio-temporel pratique de radiocommunication permettant d'augmenter de la capacite de communication amcr
US6489923B1 (en) * 1999-09-16 2002-12-03 Nortel Networks Limited Position location method and apparatus for a mobile telecommunications system
GB0102316D0 (en) * 2001-01-30 2001-03-14 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Radio communication system
US7327983B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2008-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. RF-based antenna selection in MIMO systems
WO2008023315A2 (fr) * 2006-08-21 2008-02-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Signalement de commentaires de domaine de transformation pour une communication mimo
JP5066234B2 (ja) * 2010-08-18 2012-11-07 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ アンテナ装置

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