EP3227100B1 - Presse für verdichtbare materialien mit zeitgleichem verdichten und ausstossen - Google Patents

Presse für verdichtbare materialien mit zeitgleichem verdichten und ausstossen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3227100B1
EP3227100B1 EP15808730.4A EP15808730A EP3227100B1 EP 3227100 B1 EP3227100 B1 EP 3227100B1 EP 15808730 A EP15808730 A EP 15808730A EP 3227100 B1 EP3227100 B1 EP 3227100B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compacting
block
wall
press
axis
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EP15808730.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3227100A1 (de
Inventor
Gaël CORVEC
François CAMION
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SA Copex
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SA Copex
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3014—Ejection means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3096—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor the means against which, or wherein, the material is compacted being retractable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a press for compactable materials, in particular for household waste. More particularly, the present invention relates to a garbage press in which the compaction and the ejection are carried out along two distinct axes.
  • the document US5558014 describes a press for compactable materials, comprising a compacting chamber, in which the compacting takes place along a first axis.
  • a jack ejects the compacted material block directly out of the press, where it will be able to be circled.
  • a door is actuated by a cylinder to close the compaction chamber once the compacted block of material has been ejected. Alternatively, the door makes it possible to keep the compressed block thus obstructing the compaction chamber, for the compaction of the next block. Strapping does not take place until the transfer has been completed. It is necessary to wait for the complete retraction of the cylinder to be able to start filling. In addition, the circled block will not be moved until later by the next block of compacted material.
  • a complete compaction and binding cycle has a certain duration.
  • JPH04123898 A discloses a compactable material press according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the technical problem which the invention aims to solve is therefore to produce a press making it possible to improve the duration of compaction, ejection and binding of compactable materials.
  • a first object of the invention is a press for compactable materials according to claim 1.
  • the arrangement of this press makes it possible to decouple the compaction and the ejection.
  • the compacting means can release the pressure, to allow the start of operations with a view to filling the chamber. Ejection takes place independently.
  • a strapping device at the exit just after the second location so that the binding, in particular by strapping or packaging, can be done as the ejection progresses, and this independently of and in parallel with the preparation of the new block of compacted materials.
  • This press therefore makes it possible to make certain stages independent and to exercise some in parallel. Time is therefore saved compared to the prior art.
  • the ejection axis is also transverse to the compaction axis. This makes it possible to free up the transfer means more, thus facilitating their access for maintenance. This also avoids successively aligning the compaction line and the ejection and strapping line, thus reducing the bulk when the press is associated with a binding device.
  • the compaction axis, the transfer axis and the ejection axis can be mutually orthogonal.
  • the transfer axis is vertical, and the compaction axis and the ejection axis are horizontal. This makes it possible not to add the stresses of the weight of the compaction elements on the compaction bottom wall against which the compaction force is directed.
  • the first location and the second location are located inside said press. This makes it easier to keep the compacted block of material compacted, until it is ejected.
  • At least one of the compacting means, the transfer means and the ejection means comprises a thrust block intended to come into contact with the compactable and / or compacted materials, and a piston capable of causing the displacement of the thrust block along the corresponding axis.
  • said press comprises two separate hydraulic pressure lines, and in which the compacting means and the ejection means each comprise a piston and a thrust block, called respectively compacting blocks and the compression block. ejection, the piston driving the compacting block and the piston driving the ejection block each being connected on a separate hydraulic pressure line.
  • the transfer means may comprise a thrust block, called a transfer block, and a piston connected to the same hydraulic pressure line as that which is connected to the piston driving the compacting block. This makes it possible to reduce the number of hydraulic lines. The transfer takes place after compaction. It is therefore not necessary to have an independent hydraulic pressure line to actuate the piston driving the compacting block.
  • the press for compactable materials also comprises a bottom compacting wall facing the compacting block, said compacting means comprising a compacting block, for example that referred to above, and means for driving this block moving along the compacting axis.
  • the press may also include a collection housing comprising an inlet opening and an outlet opening, said collection housing being intended to be filled with compactable materials via said inlet opening, the compaction chamber comprising a compaction duct with an inlet and an outlet, this inlet opening onto said collection housing and the outlet opening towards said bottom wall of compaction , said compaction block and its drive means being arranged so that the compaction block can pass through said collection housing, enter said compaction duct and move there towards the bottom wall of compaction, so to allow the compaction of compactable materials located between the compacting block and said compacting bottom wall.
  • the compactable materials can be brought directly to the right of the compacting means which, with the same pushing movement, can bring the compactable materials into the compacting chamber and compact them there.
  • the compaction means comprise a compaction block
  • this can advantageously have the same dimensions in section along a plane perpendicular to the compaction axis, as the dimensions of the compaction duct along a plane perpendicular to the compacting axis, with however a play allowing the sliding of the compacting block against the walls of the compacting duct.
  • the transfer means comprise a support and means for driving this support from the first location to the second location, the support and the compacting means being arranged so that when the support is in the first location, the compacting means make it possible to place the block of compacted material on the support.
  • the first location is above the second location, the support forming a freight elevator.
  • the press comprises guide means between the first location and the second location, these guide means being arranged so as to guide the movement of the box between these two locations.
  • These guide means may comprise one or more guide walls against which the box is in sliding contact.
  • the guide means may comprise a guide wall or a set of guide walls, the box being in sliding contact against the one or more. guide walls from the first location to the second location.
  • the press comprises a transfer channel, the walls of which form the set of guide walls above, at least two walls of the transfer channel opposite and facing each other being approximately parallel to each other.
  • the lumen of one of these opposite guide walls allows passage of the ejection means to move the block of compacted material.
  • the lumen of a second of these opposite walls is intended to allow the block of compacted material to pass out of the transfer channel.
  • this transfer channel comprises one or more bottom walls facing the compaction means, in particular perpendicular (s) to the compaction axis and parallel (s) to the axis transfer.
  • the second wall of the safe will thus be able to slide against this or these bottom wall or walls.
  • these bottom walls can withstand the load due to the compaction pressure, when the compaction of the compactable materials is intended to be exerted against a wall of the box.
  • the transfer channel comprises two bottom guide walls, each of these bottom guide walls being formed by a sheet metal plate fixed to said press, so as to form a rail, thus allowing the guide for the trunk, in particular its said second wall.
  • these rails are spaced from one another, the space between these rails extending from the first location to the second location. This makes it possible to leave access for cleaning the press, in particular with a water jet.
  • the two rails can be bolted to said press, in particular on the opposite bottom guide walls. This makes it possible to regularly change these rails according to their wear.
  • Said opposite guide walls may be integral and in line with the walls of the compaction chamber, the bottom wall (s) being fixed to these opposite guide walls. This allows better resistance of the baler when the compaction pressure is exerted on the trunk.
  • the press comprises a cover arranged vis-à-vis the rails so as to cover the space between the rails and access to the safe.
  • this cover will make it possible to stop the projections of liquid and allow them to flow downwards.
  • the press can also include a liquid collection tank, placed under the second location. The cover can for example be arranged so that a liquid flowing against its wall goes into this tank.
  • the compacting means are arranged to be able to exert pressure up to the entry of the “U” -shaped concavity of the trunk. This also allows the compaction pressure to be exerted in the trunk, which can then serve as a bottom and extension of the compaction chamber.
  • the press allows the compacting means to perform a pre-compacting against the fourth wall, then when the concavity returns to the level of the first location, push the block of compacted material in the trunk, then exert additional compaction in the trunk.
  • the box comprises reinforcing ribs outside the concavity, said ribs connecting the walls of the box or some of these ribs to each other and being arranged in the direction of the guide wall (s) of bottom, in particular the rails mentioned above, so that the load resulting from a thrust along the compaction axis is transferred to the bottom guide wall (s), in particular to the rails.
  • the second ribs are also connected to the walls of the box, in particular the fourth and the second walls.
  • the first ribs are vertical and the second ribs are downwardly inclined faces, starting from their junction to the trunk. This allows for easier flow of liquid when the trunk is hosed down.
  • Another object of the invention is a unit for making blocks of compacted and bonded materials, comprising a press according to the invention and a device for binding blocks of compacted material, said binding device having a binding location positioned next to the second location and aligned with the ejection axis, the binding device being adapted to bind a block positioned on the location of binding, said ejecting means being arranged to move the block of compacted material into the binding location as it ejects it from said second location.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a unit for making blocks of compacted and bonded materials according to the invention, comprising a press for compactable materials P according to the invention, associated with a device R for binding compacted blocks of materials.
  • the press P comprises a compacting chamber 16, formed by a compacting duct 15, horizontal in the example illustrated.
  • This duct begins with an inlet 19 and ends with an outlet 18, leading to a location E 1 , inside the press P.
  • the press P Upstream of the compaction duct 15, the press P comprises a collection housing 6, the walls of which are aligned and in the extension of those of the compaction duct 15. In this example, it is raised in height by a rise 4. At the top of the latter is the filling opening 5 of the collection housing 6, through which the compactable materials will be poured.
  • This collection housing 6 has an opening upstream, closed on this figure 1 by a compacting block 14. The inlet 19 of the compacting duct 15 opens into the collection housing 6.
  • the press P also includes compacting means.
  • the latter comprise a thrust block, hereinafter compaction block 14, actuated by a drive means, formed by a jack 10.
  • compaction block 14 extends longitudinally along a compaction axis 1, aligned with the collection housing 6. and the compaction duct 15.
  • the jack 10 is able to move the compaction block longitudinally through the collection housing 6, to make it pass through the compaction duct 15, therefore the compaction chamber 16, up to the outlet 18. from the compaction duct 15, therefore up to location E 1 .
  • the compacting means 10, 14 are able to push the compactable materials poured into the collection space 6, inside the compacting chamber 16, then to exert a compacting pressure, in this compacting chamber. 16 along a compaction axis 1.
  • they will be able to compact these compactable materials into a block of compacted materials and position this block of compacted materials in a first location E 1 , still along an axis 1.
  • a box 40 in the upstream position comprises a first wall, here horizontal, forming a support.
  • the support is at location E 1 .
  • This first wall 41 is intended to receive the block of compacted materials, which will have been pushed by the compacting block 14 to location E 1 .
  • This box 40 is connected to a drive means, a transfer cylinder 20 in this example.
  • This transfer cylinder 20 extends longitudinally along a transfer axis 2, vertical in the example illustrated.
  • the compaction axis 1 and the transfer axis 2 are distinct and for example intersecting. They are also transverse to each other, in particular perpendicular in this example.
  • this transfer jack 20 and the box 40 form transfer means, arranged to be able to cause the movement of the compacted material block along the transfer axis 2, from the first location E 1 to a second location, not visible. in figure 1 but located on a lower floor in this example.
  • the trunk 40 thus forms a thrust block. It also forms a freight elevator in this example where the transfer axis 2 is vertical, the box 40 being intended to lower the block of compacted material.
  • the second location is located just upstream of a final outlet 36 of the press P, below location E 1 in this illustration.
  • the second location is between this final outlet 36 and a thrust block, called the ejection block (not visible on the figure 1 ), able to be driven in movement by an ejection cylinder 30.
  • the latter and the final outlet 36 are aligned along an ejection axis 3, according to which the ejection cylinder is able to move the ejection block .
  • the jack 30 by driving the ejection block is able to eject a compacted block which would be positioned on the location E 2 .
  • the ejection axis 3 is distinct from the compaction axis 1 and from the transfer axis 2. It is also transverse to the transfer axis 2 and in particular secant to the latter.
  • the box 40 also has a second wall 42 of the box, facing the outlet 18 and the compaction block 14, when the box 14 is in the upstream position, as in figure 1 .
  • the first trunk wall 41 being at the location E 1 , it is located between the outlet 18 of the compacting duct 15 and this second trunk wall 42.
  • the trunk thus forms a cavity extending the compaction chamber 16.
  • the compaction block 14 is able to compact the compactable materials against this second wall 42 of the trunk, as will be explained below.
  • the press P comprises a main part 7 forming a compact block, comprising the compaction duct 15, the opening 18 of which can be seen, the collection housing 6 and, behind the latter in this figure, an extension for support the jack 10.
  • This block embodiment and in particular numerous spacers and reinforcing ribs, form a particularly strong structure in the direction of pressure along the compacting axis 1.
  • the exterior of the compaction chamber 16 is referenced 17 on this figure 2 .
  • the outlet 18 of the compacting duct 15 opens into a transfer channel 26, extending along the transfer axis 2, ie vertically in this example, and from the first location E 1 to the second location E 2 .
  • This corridor 26 comprises lateral guide walls 27 and 28, on either side of the outlet 18. They are intended to guide the box 40 during its transfer between these two locations E 1 and E 2 .
  • the lateral guide wall 27 on the right in this figure comprises at the lower level a slot 33, intended to allow the ejection cylinder 30 to pass.
  • the other lateral guide wall 28 also comprises at the lower level also, the final output 36 of the press P.
  • a beam 23 connects the guide walls 27 and 28.
  • the beam is used to position the transfer cylinder 20, through a hole 25.
  • the figures 3 and 4 illustrate the box 40. It comprises a lower part formed by the first wall 41 of the box, the second wall 42 of the box and a third wall 43 of the box. These three walls form a “U” -shaped portion of the box, of which the first and third box walls form the branches. Thus, these three walls form a concavity capable of receiving a block of compacted material.
  • the concavity is closed on the sides by the guide walls 27 and 28, when the box 40 is in the upstream position.
  • the dimensions of this cavity in a plane perpendicular to the compaction axis 1 correspond approximately to that of the outlet 18 of the compaction duct 15.
  • the box 40 comprises a fourth box wall 44, extending from the edge of the third box wall 43 defining the free end of the branch of the “U” -shaped portion, ie at the mouth of the concavity. In this example, it extends upwards and perpendicularly to the third wall 43 of the trunk.
  • this fourth trunk wall 44 and the space at the rear thereof forms an upper part of the trunk 40, and has a housing 46 for accommodating the transfer cylinder 20.
  • the figures 5 and 6 illustrate the main part 7 and the box 40 assembled, the latter being housed inside the transfer channel 26.
  • the box 40 is shown there in the downstream position, ie on the lower floor in the example illustrated.
  • the transfer cylinder 20 is located above the box 40.
  • the transfer piston 22 that it comprises is released from the piston body 21 of this transfer cylinder, to bring the concavity of the box 40 to the second location E 2 .
  • the transfer piston 22 is able to be retracted, to bring the concavity of the box 40 to the first location E 1 .
  • the jack can be placed under the trunk. In this case, it works in the opposite way, namely that it deploys to bring the concavity of the trunk to the first location E 1 and folds back to bring it to the second location E 2 .
  • the realization with the transfer cylinder 20 located above the trunk nevertheless has the advantage of leaving a free space under the location E 2 , which makes it easier to fit a collecting tank 66 there (visible in particular by figure 1 ), capable of collecting the juices flowing from the block of compacted materials. This is particularly useful when compacting household waste.
  • the fourth trunk wall 44 closes the outlet 18 of the compaction duct 15. It then defines a bottom wall of the compaction chamber 16, against which the compaction means 10, 14 will be able to compress the compactable materials.
  • the compacting axis 1 is horizontal. This allows only the force generated by the compacting means, in this example by the compacting jack 10 via the compacting block 14, to be transferred to the box 40.
  • the weight of the compacting means 10, 14, does not refer to this fourth wall 44 of the trunk. This facilitates the production of the box 40 in which this fourth trunk wall 44 forms the wall against which the materials are compacted.
  • the transfer channel 26 comprises two bottom walls, forming two rails 13, fixed on the main part 7 of the press P, in particular at the end of the guide walls 27 and 28, in particular on the fixing plates 29.
  • These rails 13 are for example sheet metal plates bolted to the fixing plates 29. They partially protrude towards the transfer axis 2. These parts of these rails 13 will form two guide walls of the box 40, against which will slide. runners 48 of the safe 40. The latter form an extension of the second wall 42 of the safe, at the rear and outside of the safe 40. They also extend into the upper part of the safe, and are connected to the fourth wall 44 of the trunk via the side walls 45a and 45b. There is therefore contact between the pads 48 and the rails 13 over the entire height of the boot, which improves guidance.
  • the box will also transfer the load resulting from the compaction force F on the rails 13 via these pads 48.
  • the rails 13 are plane as well as the fixing plates 29.
  • these bolts can be removed, either to change the rails 13, or to change the pads 48, which can for example be formed of beams, vertical in this example.
  • the rails 13 and the fixing plates 29 can be perpendicular to the compaction axis 1. Their mutual fixing will thus be able to withstand higher compaction forces F.
  • the sliding surface of these pads 48 can also be flat and perpendicular to the compaction axis 1.
  • the box 40 comprises reinforcing ribs.
  • ribs 56 perpendicular to the compaction axis 1, some 53 of the previous ribs being referred to these perpendicular ribs 56.
  • the illustrated example includes all of these ribs.
  • the box 40 comprises in particular "L" shaped ribs parallel to the compaction axis 1 and to the transfer axis 2.
  • the branches of the "L” are fixed below the first wall 41 of trunk 40 and behind the second trunk wall 40. This increases the resistance of the trunk, improving thus the possibility of carrying out the compaction also against the second wall 42 of the box 40.
  • An intermediate rib 56 perpendicular to the compaction axis 1 is formed by an upper portion of a plate, the lower portion of which forms the second wall 42 of the trunk.
  • the lateral "L" ribs 50 extend along and are fixed to this intermediate rib 56. Brackets 57 extending horizontally can reinforce the links between them.
  • the load transfer from the fourth wall 44 of the box is done in particular via the side walls 45a and 45b of the box 40, fixed to this fourth wall 44 and to the pads 48.
  • the fourth trunk wall 44 to said intermediate rib 56 via vertical ribs 53, 55a.
  • the latter can also or alternatively be connected to the external face, namely that outside the concavity, of the third wall 43 of the trunk. This reinforces the resistance of the fourth wall 44 of the trunk to the compaction force F.
  • Transverse ribs 54 in particular perpendicular to the vertical ribs 53, 55a, can join them together.
  • vertical lateral ribs 53 in the form of a frame directly join the fourth chest wall 44 and the intermediate rib 56. They can be on either side of a central vertical rib 55a in support or fixed to the cylindrical wall. of the housing 46 for the piston 22 of the transfer cylinder 20. Diametrically opposed to this wall, a vertical rib 55b extends to the intermediate rib 56, for example by being aligned with the central "L" rib 51 .
  • rails 13 allow better management of load transfers.
  • These rails 13 are spaced and spaced apart transversely. They thus provide access to the trunk 40, even when the press P is assembled. This makes it possible to clean the back of the trunk with a water jet.
  • the transverse ribs 52 can be, as in the example illustrated, oriented downwards starting from the walls of the box 40, to facilitate the evacuation of the cleaning water or the juices resulting from the compression of household refuse.
  • the figures 7 to 13 illustrate how the press P compacts compactable materials, in particular household waste 0.
  • the household waste 0 has been poured inside the collection housing 6.
  • the compaction cylinder 10 is folded up, its compaction piston 12 being retracted into its piston body 11.
  • the box is on the upper floor, its first wall 41, and therefore its concavity, being at the first location E 1 .
  • the box 40 is lowered to the lower floor by the transfer jack 20, bringing the concavity to the second location E 2 .
  • the fourth trunk wall 44 then closes the outlet 18 of the compaction duct 15, and then forms a bottom wall of the compaction chamber 16.
  • the compaction jack 10 is deployed along the compaction axis 1 and drives the compaction block 14 in motion through the collection housing 6, pushing the household waste inside the compaction duct 15, and driving them through this duct to the fourth trunk wall 44. Then the jack exerts a compacting pressure, compressing and compacting the household waste 0 against this fourth wall 44. The force exerted is transferred by the various ribs via the pads 48 against the rails 13. A first block of compacted material B 1 is obtained, as can be seen in figure 8 .
  • the transfer cylinder 20 folds up and raises the trunk to the first floor.
  • the concavity of the trunk again faces the opening 18 of the compaction duct 15.
  • the compaction piston 12 is then deployed further out of the piston body 11.
  • the stroke of this piston 12 is such that when it is fully extended, the compaction block 14 stops at the level of the piston. outlet 18 of the compacting duct 15.
  • means for controlling the compacting cylinder 10 are able to control the output of the compacting piston 12 so that the compacting block 14 stops at this output 18.
  • the compacting means 10, 14 also make it possible to move the first block of compacted material B 1 on the first location E 1 , on the first wall 41 of the trunk.
  • this displacement of the first block of compacted material B 1 can be followed by a sub-step for finalizing the compaction, in the concavity.
  • the concavity serves as an extension of the compaction chamber, the second trunk wall 42 playing the role of the bottom wall of the compaction chamber 16.
  • the block of compacted material B 1 is kept compacted between the first 41, second 42, and third 43 walls of the box 40, the concavity thus forming a holding clamp. It is also kept compacted laterally by the guide walls 27 and 28 and upstream by the compacting block 14.
  • the first block of compacted material B 1 is ready to be ejected and the steps for the next compacting will be able to begin.
  • the ejection cylinder 30 is therefore actuated, pushing the ejection unit 34 (visible in particular by figure 10 ). The latter will gradually push the first block of compacted material B 1 along the ejection axis 3 and out of the press P, through the final outlet 36.
  • a binding device R in particular strapping, which will gradually strap or wrap the first block of compacted material B 1 as it is released.
  • the compaction cylinder 10 is folded back to bring the compaction block 14 downstream of the collection housing 6. While the ejection and possibly the binding of the first block of material compacted B 1 continue, the collection housing is again filled with household waste 0, as can be seen in figure 12 .
  • the compaction cylinder deploys again and compacts the household waste 0 in the compaction chamber 16 against the fourth wall 44 of the trunk.
  • a second block of compacted materials B 2 is ready to be transferred to the threshold of the outlet 18 of the compacting duct.
  • the press P therefore made it possible to compact a second block of compacted materials B 2 at the same time as the ejection, and possibly the binding, of a first block of compacted materials B 1 .
  • the compaction of a block of material takes place in parallel with the ejection and strapping of the block of the previous compacted materials.
  • the ejection and the strapping are done in a way in masked time, compared to the duration of the compaction. This makes it possible to gain in productivity.
  • the press P can include a collecting tank 66 with a drain spout 68.
  • the press P can include a cover 60 behind the box 40, to hide the space between the rails 13 and stop squirting.
  • This cover 60 can be vertical; this allows the juice to flow downwards to the collecting tank 66.
  • the cover may end at the bottom with a return 61 towards the tank 66 and up to the top thereof.
  • the press P can also include a flow ramp 62, under the collection housing 6 and the compacting duct 15, declining towards the tank 66, to recover the juice resulting from the displacement and compacting of the household waste 0. This can indirectly flow into an intermediate ramp 64, entering into the tank 66.
  • the horizontal arrangement of the compacting axis 1 and vertical of the transfer axis 2 facilitates this recovery of the juices, and therefore the use for compacting household waste.
  • this press is however not limited to household waste but to all compactable materials, for example metals, such as aluminum scraps.
  • the press P can include a computer connected to the hydraulic pressure lines allowing the operation of the various jacks, 10, 20, 30.
  • This computer can adapt the operating cycles, in particular the durations of the compaction force or the amplitude. of this force, depending on the type of compactable material.
  • It can also be connected to the binding device, in particular the strapping device, to configure the number of strapping. The latter can be done by means of polyester strap or metal wire.
  • the compaction pressure exerted during compaction in the trunk 40 is 20 kg / cm 2 .
  • the force exerted will be greater or less depending on the dimensioning of the compaction chamber.
  • the width of the compaction duct is between 1000 and 1400 millimeters (mm), and its height between 700 and 1100 mm.
  • the dimensioning will be adapted during the design of the press according to the size of the blocks which one wants to obtain. Depending on these dimensions and the materials the jacks will develop more or less force.
  • Overall the transfer force is 2-3 times that of the ejection force, and the compaction force is 1.5-2 times that of the transfer force.
  • the maximum force developed by the compaction cylinder can be between 120 and 350 tons. Of course these values are indicative.
  • the press according to the invention makes it possible to produce blocks of a better density than that of the prior art. Particularly at the end of the strapping, the blocks have more homogeneous dimensions and density.
  • the density can reach 1 t / m 3 depending on the compactable materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P), umfassend:
    - eine Verdichtungskammer (16),
    - Verdichtungsmittel (10, 14), die dazu in der Lage sind, in der Verdichtungskammer einen Verdichtungsdruck entlang einer Verdichtungsachse (1) auszuüben, wobei die Verdichtungsmittel dazu bestimmt sind, verdichtbare Materialien (O) zu einem Block verdichteter Materialien (B1, B2) zu verdichten und diesen Block verdichteter Materialien an einer ersten Stelle (E1) zu positionieren,
    - Transportmittel (20, 40), die so angeordnet sind, dass sie dazu in der Lage sind, die Bewegung des Blocks verdichteter Materialien entlang einer Transportachse (2) und von der ersten Stelle zu einer zweiten Stelle (E2) zu bewirken, wobei die Transportachse in Bezug auf die Verdichtungsachse quer ist,
    - einen Endausgang (36) der Presse,
    - Auswurfmittel (30, 34), die so angeordnet sind, dass sie dazu in der Lage sind, den Block verdichteter Materialien entlang einer Auswurfachse (3), die sich von der Verdichtungsachse und der Transportachse unterscheidet, in Bezug auf die Transportachse quer verläuft und mit dem Endausgang ausgerichtet ist, zu bewegen, um den Block verdichteter Materialien von der zweiten Stelle weg und aus der Presse heraus zu bewegen, und wobei die Transportmittel einen Träger (41) und Mittel (20) zum Antreiben des Trägers von der ersten Stelle (E1) zur zweiten Stelle (E2) umfassen, wobei der Träger und die Verdichtungsmittel so angeordnet sind, dass, wenn sich der Träger an der ersten Stelle befindet, die Verdichtungsmittel (10, 14) das Ablegen des Blocks verdichteter Materialien (B1, B2) auf dem Träger ermöglichen,
    wobei die Presse einen Kasten (40) umfasst, der Folgendes aufweist:
    - eine erste Wand (41), die den Träger ausbildet,
    - eine zweite Wand (42), die direkt mit der ersten Wand verbunden ist und den Verdichtungsmitteln (10, 14) gegenüberliegt, wobei sich der Träger zwischen der zweiten Wand und den Verdichtungsmitteln befindet,
    - eine dritte Wand (43), die direkt mit der zweiten Wand verbunden ist und der ersten Wand gegenüberliegt, wobei die zweite Wand die erste und dritte Wand miteinander verbindet, um einen "U"-förmigen Teil auszubilden, der eine Konkavität definiert, die in der Lage ist, verdichtete Materialien aufzunehmen, wobei die zweite Wand ungefähr senkrecht zur Verdichtungsachse (1) ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kasten ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - zwei Teile, einen unteren Teil, der durch die Konkavität ausgebildet ist, und einen oberen Teil oberhalb der dritten Wand (43) des Kastens,
    - eine vierte Wand (44), die sich im oberen Teil befindet, mit der dritten Wand (43) verbunden ist und sich von einem Rand der dritten Wand im Bereich des Eingangs der Konkavität quer zur Verdichtungsachse (1) erstreckt,
    wobei der Kasten so angeordnet ist, dass, wenn der Träger an der zweiten Stelle (E2) angeordnet ist, die vierte Wand den Verdichtungsmitteln (10, 14) gegenüberliegt, sodass die Verdichtungsmittel die verdichtbaren Materialien (O) gegen die vierte Wand verdichten können.
  2. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Auswurfachse (3) ebenfalls quer zur Verdichtungsachse (1) verläuft.
  3. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Transportachse (2) vertikal ist und die Verdichtungsachse (1) und die Auswurfachse (3) horizontal sind.
  4. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei zumindest die Verdichtungsmittel, die Transportmittel und/oder die Auswurfmittel einen Schubblock (14, 40, 34) umfassen, der dazu bestimmt ist, mit den verdichtbaren (O)und/oder verdichteten (B1, B2) Materialien in Kontakt zu kommen, und einen Kolben (12, 22), der dazu in der Lage ist, die Bewegung des Schubblocks entlang der entsprechenden Achse (1, 2, 3) zu bewirken.
  5. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Presse zwei getrennte hydraulische Druckleitungen umfasst und wobei die Verdichtungsmittel und die Auswurfmittel jeweils einen Kolben (12) und einen Schubblock umfassen, die als Verdichtungsblock (14) bzw. Auswurfblock (34) bezeichnet werden, wobei der den Verdichtungsblock antreibende Kolben (12) und der den Auswurfblock antreibende Kolben jeweils an eine getrennte hydraulische Druckleitung angeschlossen sind.
  6. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach Anspruch 5, ferner umfassend eine Verdichtungsbodenwand (42, 44) gegenüber dem Verdichtungsblock (14), wobei die Verdichtungsmittel einen Verdichtungsblock (14) und Mittel (10) zum Bewegen dieses Blocks entlang der Verdichtungsachse (1) umfassen.
  7. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Verdichtungskammer (16) ein Sammelgehäuse (6) umfasst, das eine Einfüllöffnung (5) umfasst, wobei das Sammelgehäuse dazu bestimmt ist, über die Einfüllöffnung mit verdichtbaren Materialien (O) befüllt zu werden, wobei die Verdichtungskammer einen Verdichtungskanal (15) mit einem Einlass (19) und einem Auslass (18) umfasst, wobei der Einlass in das Sammelgehäuse mündet und der Auslass in Richtung der Verdichtungsbodenwand (42, 44) mündet,
    wobei der Verdichtungsblock (14) und seine Antriebsmittel (10) so angeordnet sind, dass der Verdichtungsblock das Sammelgehäuse durchqueren, in den Verdichtungskanal eintreten und sich darin in Richtung der Verdichtungsbodenwand bewegen kann, um die Verdichtung der verdichtbaren Materialien, die sich zwischen dem Verdichtungsblock und der Verdichtungsbodenwand befinden, zu ermöglichen.
  8. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Presse Führungsmittel zwischen der ersten Stelle (E1) und der zweiten Stelle (E2) umfasst, wobei die Führungsmittel so angeordnet sind, dass sie die Bewegung des Kastens (40) zwischen den beiden Stellen führen, wobei die Führungsmittel eine oder mehrere Führungswände (27, 28, 13) umfassen, gegen die der Kasten in Gleitkontakt steht.
  9. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Führungsmittel zwei Schienen (13) umfassen, die jeweils durch eine an der Presse befestigte Blechplatte ausgebildet sind.
  10. Presse für verdichtbare Materialien (P) nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Schienen (13) voneinander beabstandet sind und wobei gegenüber den Schienen eine Abdeckung (60) angeordnet ist, um den Raum zwischen Schienen abzudecken.
  11. Presse nach Anspruch 9, wobei der Kasten (40) außerhalb der Konkavität Verstärkungsrippen (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55a, 55b, 56, 57) umfasst, wobei die Rippen die Wände des Kastens oder einige dieser Rippen miteinander verbinden und in Richtung der Schienen (13) angeordnet sind, sodass die aus einem Schub entlang der Verdichtungsachse (1) resultierende Last auf die Schienen übertragen wird.
  12. Einheit (U) zur Herstellung von Blöcken (B1, B2) verdichteter und gebundener Materialien, umfassend eine Presse (P) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche und eine Vorrichtung (R) zum Binden der Blöcke verdichteter Materialien, wobei die Bindevorrichtung eine Bindestelle aufweist, die neben der zweiten Stelle (E2) angeordnet und mit der Auswurfachse (3) ausgerichtet ist, wobei die Bindevorrichtung in der Lage ist, einen an der Bindestelle positionierten Block (B1, B2) zu binden, wobei die Auswurfmittel (30, 34) angeordnet ist, um den Block verdichteter Materialien an die Bindestelle zu bewegen, wenn sie ihn aus der zweiten Stelle auswirft.
EP15808730.4A 2014-12-01 2015-11-24 Presse für verdichtbare materialien mit zeitgleichem verdichten und ausstossen Active EP3227100B1 (de)

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FR1461750A FR3029137B1 (fr) 2014-12-01 2014-12-01 Presse a materiaux compactables, avec compactage et ejection en parallele
PCT/FR2015/053204 WO2016087748A1 (fr) 2014-12-01 2015-11-24 Presse a materiaux compactables, avec compactage et ejection en parallele

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DE2344698C2 (de) * 1973-09-05 1975-06-12 Mageba S.A., Buelach (Schweiz) Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Müll
JPH04123898A (ja) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-23 Miike Tekkosho:Kk 廃棄物の減容固形化装置
AU3138895A (en) * 1994-08-05 1996-03-04 Fishburne International, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing compressed fibers
JP3802124B2 (ja) * 1995-03-16 2006-07-26 可明 高倉 廃棄物プレス装置
US5558014A (en) 1995-04-05 1996-09-24 Lindemann Recycling Equipment, Inc. Method and apparatus for baling loose materials

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FR3029137B1 (fr) 2017-05-19
WO2016087748A1 (fr) 2016-06-09
EP3227100A1 (de) 2017-10-11
ES2891739T3 (es) 2022-01-31
FR3029137A1 (fr) 2016-06-03

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