EP3239607A1 - Pulso-réacteur comprenant une flamme à pulser en particulier pour le traitement thermique de matériau ou la synthèse de matériaux - Google Patents

Pulso-réacteur comprenant une flamme à pulser en particulier pour le traitement thermique de matériau ou la synthèse de matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3239607A1
EP3239607A1 EP17000515.1A EP17000515A EP3239607A1 EP 3239607 A1 EP3239607 A1 EP 3239607A1 EP 17000515 A EP17000515 A EP 17000515A EP 3239607 A1 EP3239607 A1 EP 3239607A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
burner
diffuser
pulsating
vibrating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17000515.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Horst BÜCHNER
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3239607A1 publication Critical patent/EP3239607A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F23C99/003—Combustion process using sound or vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/026—Heating arrangements using combustion heating with pulse combustion, e.g. pulse jet combustion drying of particulate materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/10—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2205/00—Pulsating combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibrating furnace for a material treatment or material synthesis (pulse dryer, pulse combustor, Pulsationsreaktor), the at least one burner, at least one pulsating flame, a combustion chamber and at least one resonant gas column (eg in the combustion chamber or in a resonance tube), in the raw material to be treated can be introduced and removed from it, and a corresponding method for its operation.
  • a material treatment or material synthesis pulse dryer, pulse combustor, Pulsationsreaktor
  • the at least one burner at least one pulsating flame
  • a combustion chamber and at least one resonant gas column eg in the combustion chamber or in a resonance tube
  • combustion process is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the average sizes of the combustion process (such as average flow velocity, mean temperature of the combustion process), with the exception of minor turbulent fluctuations Flame or the exhaust gas flow, mean static pressure in the combustion chamber, etc.), on average on a time-constant basis.
  • the conversion of the fuel used is continuous over time and, as a consequence, also the heat release from the combustion process and the mass flow of exhaust gas arising (combustion products) have constant values for a fixed burner setting.
  • the heat release rate (s) of the flame (s) and thus the thermal firing efficiency of the incinerator as well as the exhaust flow into and out of the combustion chamber and the static pressure in the combustion chamber itself become periodically unsteady, ie oscillating.
  • combustion instabilities often causes a relation to the stationary operation of the furnace changed pollutant emission behavior and causes not only increased noise pollution of the plant environment but also a significantly increased mechanical and / or thermal stress on the plant structure (eg combustion chamber walls, combustion chamber lining, etc.), the up to Destruction of the firing or individual components may result.
  • plant structure eg combustion chamber walls, combustion chamber lining, etc.
  • the raw material may also be a mixture of raw materials.
  • the raw material or the raw material mixture can be present both in solid and in liquid or in gaseous or vaporous form.
  • thermo shock treatment in pulsating hot gas flows.
  • any change in both the mass flows of the abandoned raw materials and the specific material properties of different educts change the amplitude of the vibration of the pulsating hot gas flow at material application and thus the result of the material treatment.
  • flashback is to be understood as follows:
  • a vibratory firing which is driven by the process described above, in particular self-excited combustion instabilities (flame oscillations)
  • combustion instabilities flame oscillations
  • there is a temporal-periodic change in the mass flow of fuel gas / air mixture leaving the burner (For example, in the case of premix combustion) and thus also to a temporal-periodic change in the burner exit velocity (axial velocity component)
  • the flame speed (firing rate) of the effluent from the burner mixture at a constant composition and thus constant air ratio of the premix has a constant value.
  • flashback is understood to mean instantaneous or even permanent burning of the flame within the burner and not, as actually desired, in a raised, stable position axially after burner exit outside the burner.
  • shutting down the equipment due to an unwanted flashback will also result in the material (product) that was last thermally treated and / or synthesized under undefined thermal conditions being rejected.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a device with which the amplitudes of the oscillation of the hot gas flow in the combustion chamber can assume high values during operation of a pulsation reactor in order thus also to be able to increase, for example, the achievable product throughput rates and thus the reactor throughput. and at the same time the risk of accidental kickback of the pulsating flame in the burner is effectively avoided.
  • a method for their operation to be proposed.
  • the burner is designed to produce a pulsating flame to produce a pulsating hot gas flow as a swirl burner and has a diffuser as an element at its outlet.
  • a method according to the invention is therefore distinguished by the fact that the pulsating fuel / air mixture flowing to the pulsating flame is conducted through a swirl burner and a diffuser adjoining it.
  • the diffuser is, in particular, a conical, preferably metal-shaped, diffuser whose free cross-sectional area increases in the axial flow direction.
  • An opening half-angle of the element according to the invention referred to as a diffuser, can be chosen in the range between 3 degrees and 45 degrees.
  • an axial extent of the diffuser can be 0.5 times to 10 times the free diameter of the burner outlet.
  • the diffuser can be positioned directly after a swirl generator on the burner. But it is also possible initially to provide at the outlet of the swirl generator nor a cylindrical tube element, which is then followed in the axial flow direction of the diffuser.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that when using a pulsating premix spiral flame or a pulsating, fast mixing diffusion swirl flame as the "drive" of a vibrating or pulsation reactor to produce the pulsating hot gas stream required in this for the material treatment or synthesis a burner outlet designed as a diffuser, with the correct choice of diffuser length and diffuser opening angle, will automatically prevent flashback of the pulsating flame into the burner - even at very high amplitudes of the combustion oscillation in the combustion chamber.
  • One possible explanatory model of the effect of the invention as an autoadaptive flashback fuse is based on the fact that in the upstream traveling of the pulsating flame in the moments of low burner Ausström Ober vibration period, the flame itself blocks a part of the free flow cross-sectional area of the diffuser. This is based on the finding that, in the case of a swirl burner, the area occupied by the flame or the internal backflow zone of the swirl flow, which is subject to the flame (perpendicular to the axial direction), is substantially independent of the outflow velocity of the fuel gas / air present in the axial direction of the burner -Gemisches is.
  • the problem of unwanted flashback by the pulsating flow in a vibrating or pulsation reactor is only relevant if the flame is fully pre-mixed (fuel and combustion air are spatially mixed with each other before the burner molecularly) or if they burns as a fast-mixing diffusion flame. In the latter case, e.g. a nozzle mixing flame, in the fuel and combustion air only within the burner - preferably at the burner outlet - are merged.
  • the fuel and combustion air separated 2 or pre-mixed fuel / air mixture 2 is supplied via at least one line not shown here.
  • fuel By fuel is meant e.g. Fuel gases such as natural gas, methane, hydrogen or liquid fuels such as alcohol, etc.
  • combustion air is generally understood in the context of the present invention, an oxidizing agent, which provides the oxygen required for combustion. In addition to air, this includes, for example, pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, etc.
  • This combustion air stream or this fuel / air mixture is conducted via a swirl generator 3 within the swirl burner 1, so that the mass flow 5 flowing out of the burner outlet 4 has a rotational movement 6 in the circumferential direction (tangential velocity component or "swirl") apart from a movement in the axial direction.
  • the mass flow 5 flows into a diffuser 7.
  • the walls of the diffuser have a substantially conical shape with an opening half-angle 8.
  • This opening half-angle 8 is in a range between 3 ° and 45 ° and is measured with respect to the axial direction.
  • the burner outlet 4 has a substantially circular cross-section and may have an axial extent 9, which is preferably approximately in the range between 0 and 0.5 m.
  • the axial length 10 of the conical or frusto-conical diffuser 7 may have an amount of about 0.1 to 1 m. It is thus based on the dimensions of the burner outlet 4 between about 0.5 times and 10 times the free diameter of the burner outlet.
  • a swirl flame 12 is formed in the mass flow 5 from the outflowing fuel / air mixture.
  • This swirl flame 12 is characterized in particular by a central greedström which is an important characteristic of a spin-stabilized flame.
  • the flame 12 burns in a pulsating manner into a combustion chamber (not shown here), which adjoins the diffuser 7 in terms of flow, and generates there a swinging hot gas flow.
  • This hot gas flow is required to give up a lot of material for material treatment or material synthesis.
  • This material after being treated or synthesized in the hot gas flow, is finally separated again, for example, in a cyclone or a hot gas filter, which are also not shown.
  • the pulsation of the flame 12 is self-excited and acts in the composite burner - flame - combustion chamber - reaction chamber - separator on the incoming mass flow 5 back.
  • the mass flow emerging from the burner has a time-dependent - usually approximately sinusoidal - time course).
  • the axial velocity of the burner exit flow (axial flow component of the burner outflow) changes, while at the same time the flame speed 14 of the forming flame 12 remains constant.
  • the flame speed is the speed at which the flame 12 opposes the outflow direction of the incoming fuel / air mixture spreads in this.
  • the flame 12 is essentially constant in its geometric dimensions transversely to the outflow direction, regardless of its axial position. This is related to the special properties of a spin-stabilized flame, as already mentioned above.
  • the free annular surface 17 as explained due to the shape of the diffuser 7 is smaller than the free annular surface 15 in the position 2.
  • the axial flow velocity U 1 increases in the same, of the characterized by the central remindströmzone spin-stabilized flame 12, non-permeable surface in the Position 1, the axial flow velocity U 1 and thus there also increases the axial pulse current ⁇ . 1
  • the axial pulse current ⁇ 1 is thus greater than the axial pulse current ⁇ 2 .
  • the wall 16 of the diffuser 7 and the wall 18 of the burner outlet 4 either uncooled or as in the Fig. 2 can be seen on the left side, may be provided with a cooling 19, which is for example caused by a stream 20 of air or water, which is passed through the cooling 19.
  • the device described here and its operation make it possible to set the oscillation amplitude of a vibrating fire reactor to high values, in particular during idling of the system (ie without material feed), without having to carry the risk of a flashback in the burner, since such a flashback by the invention provided on the swirl burner used diffuser is reliably prevented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
EP17000515.1A 2016-04-28 2017-03-29 Pulso-réacteur comprenant une flamme à pulser en particulier pour le traitement thermique de matériau ou la synthèse de matériaux Withdrawn EP3239607A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016005155.8A DE102016005155B4 (de) 2016-04-28 2016-04-28 Schwingfeuerreaktor mit pulsierender Flamme und Verfahren für eine thermische Materialbehandlung oder Materialsynthese

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3239607A1 true EP3239607A1 (fr) 2017-11-01

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EP17000515.1A Withdrawn EP3239607A1 (fr) 2016-04-28 2017-03-29 Pulso-réacteur comprenant une flamme à pulser en particulier pour le traitement thermique de matériau ou la synthèse de matériaux

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US (1) US20170314778A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3239607A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016005155B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018211652A1 (de) * 2018-07-12 2020-01-16 Ibu-Tec Advanced Materials Ag Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Partikeln
DE102020204199A1 (de) * 2020-03-31 2021-09-30 Glatt Ingenieurtechnik Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Reaktorsystem
GB2607736B (en) * 2021-06-08 2024-09-11 Hydrogen Tech Llc Burner assemblies and methods
DE102021115957B3 (de) 2021-06-21 2022-10-20 Horst Büchner Vorrichtung zum Vorwärmen metallischer Werkstücke, insbesondere der Endstücke von miteinander zu verschweißenden Bahnschienen
ES2999292T3 (en) 2022-01-27 2025-02-25 Ekonek Innovacion En Valorizacion Desubproductos S L Pulse combustion dryer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3276505A (en) * 1963-02-23 1966-10-04 Huber Resonant burner
DE19545310A1 (de) * 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Asea Brown Boveri Vormischbrenner
EP2092976A1 (fr) * 2008-01-30 2009-08-26 IBU-tec advanced materials AG Procédé de fabrication de particules fines

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19934612A1 (de) * 1999-07-23 2001-01-25 Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag Verfahren zur aktiven Unterdrückung von strömungsmechanischen Instabilitäten in einem Verbrennungssystem sowie Verbrennungssystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP2107310A1 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brûleur

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3276505A (en) * 1963-02-23 1966-10-04 Huber Resonant burner
DE19545310A1 (de) * 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Asea Brown Boveri Vormischbrenner
EP2092976A1 (fr) * 2008-01-30 2009-08-26 IBU-tec advanced materials AG Procédé de fabrication de particules fines

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DE102016005155B4 (de) 2024-05-08
US20170314778A1 (en) 2017-11-02
DE102016005155A1 (de) 2017-11-02

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