EP3245530A1 - Procédé de surveillance d'une batterie et dispositif de surveillance - Google Patents

Procédé de surveillance d'une batterie et dispositif de surveillance

Info

Publication number
EP3245530A1
EP3245530A1 EP15822944.3A EP15822944A EP3245530A1 EP 3245530 A1 EP3245530 A1 EP 3245530A1 EP 15822944 A EP15822944 A EP 15822944A EP 3245530 A1 EP3245530 A1 EP 3245530A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
value
cell voltage
battery
counter
voltage value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15822944.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Stimm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3245530A1 publication Critical patent/EP3245530A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for monitoring a battery having the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, a monitoring device for a battery with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 9 is disclosed. State of the art
  • lithium-based battery cells are often used, so-called lithium-ion batteries, since these compared to on
  • Nickel or lead-based batteries have the largest available energy density with the lowest weight. In order to achieve the required power and energy data, typically several battery cells are connected in series. Due to the growing demands on the energy content or due to the required higher power, battery cells are also increasingly connected in parallel.
  • Lithium ion batteries have many advantages over batteries based on, for example, nickel or lead, but are also much more expensive than them.
  • a battery for an automobile can cost several thousand euros.
  • the customer is required to ensure that the batteries have a correspondingly long service life and robustness against errors, or that the driver is warned accordingly by the automobile when a fault occurs, for example by an indicator light in the vehicle interior.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are known to be sensitive to deep discharge, overcharge, high temperatures, and very low temperatures. External damage due to over-discharging, overcharging and excessively high temperatures is prevented in practice by appropriate regulation and control systems as well as warning systems. Furthermore, monitoring systems, so-called battery management systems, are used to monitor dangerous states of a battery such as overcharging or over-discharging and to initiate appropriate countermeasures. These systems can also be used to monitor the battery at low
  • metallic lithium is deposited in the battery, which can reduce the life of the battery. Furthermore, at very low temperatures such as -10 ° C, only a low charging current of about 300 milliamperes compared to about 2-5 amperes in a normal temperature range of about 0-40 ° C can be applied.
  • An optimum temperature range of lithium-ion batteries is approximately 18-25 ° C. The normal and optimum temperature ranges depend on other factors such as the materials used for anode, cathode and separator or the intended use and thus the design of the battery and are specified by the manufacturer.
  • DE 10 2010 040 031 A1 discloses a circuit for monitoring the voltage of a cell of a battery energy storage.
  • a level of a voltage is measured, and when exceeding or falling below a reference value, a signal is generated, by which the operating state of the input stage is changed.
  • the expenditure on equipment is to be optimized, since accurate knowledge of a cell voltage value is generally regarded as unnecessary. Rather, it is assumed that the monitoring of an overtained. Underlying a reference value is sufficient to ensure a safe condition of the battery.
  • the document DE 100 45 622 AI further discloses a method for
  • Charge states can be measured by measuring temperature and charging current Reference values are calculated and compared with the current voltage value and thus used to control the accumulator.
  • Occurrence of certain events decrements a counter. If the counter falls below a predetermined value, an alarm can be triggered.
  • This monitoring system serves to alert the customer when the condition of the battery becomes critical, especially when the life of the battery is over, as measured by the state of charge. Furthermore, by the
  • the above disclosures enable monitoring and even control of battery management based on measured values, in part compared to previously determined reference values.
  • the focus is on preventing a total loss of the battery.
  • the focus in the present invention is placed on a
  • a method for monitoring a battery having a plurality of interconnected cell connections, comprising a plurality of interconnected battery cells which is characterized by the following steps.
  • a cell voltage value is measured during a current pulse.
  • a predefinable limit value for the cell voltage value is exceeded, the cell voltage value is corrected by a known maximum possible measurement accuracy for calculating a corrected cell voltage value.
  • the corrected cell voltage value is transferred to a table in a data memory, and the values of a minimum occurring cell temperature and a
  • a counter in a row / column combination assigned to the measurement is increased in the table by a predefinable value, and in a further step, a sum of the counter values for the predefinable number of measurements is compared with a predefinable reference counter value. In a further step, upon reaching or exceeding a predefinable
  • Threshold issued a signal.
  • the current pulse is a charge pulse or a discharge pulse. More preferably, the predetermined limit is 4.0 volts and the maximum possible
  • Measuring accuracy is 100 millivolts.
  • the table comprises, in addition to the predefinable number of measurements and current pulse duration, a predefinable number of voltage values to which the counter exceeds the predefinable value
  • the signal is a warning signal indicating a critical condition of the battery by visual or audible indication.
  • the signal may be a signal that is output to a device that triggers a shutdown of the battery or a portion thereof. More preferably, the threshold is 5 percent before exceeding the reference counter value. Thus, it can be ensured that the battery is not damaged, even if the output signal is disregarded. More preferably, when a final threshold value is exceeded, the battery or a part thereof is switched off. This ensures that if the warning is disregarded at the first threshold value, a further control means is available which, if exceeded, deactivates at least part of the battery in order to prevent damage to the same.
  • a monitoring device for a battery which is adapted to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the monitoring device is integrated in a battery management system. This reduces the space requirement in the vehicle and allows integration into existing, also in the battery management system existing systems and thus the exploitation of any existing facilities such as sensors or measurement technology that can also be used for the purpose of performing the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is an exemplary table for carrying out the invention according to a
  • Batteries according to the invention are preferably in electrical or
  • lithium-ion batteries are used, since these compared to nickel or lead-based batteries the have the largest available energy density at the lowest weight and are thus most suitable for driving a vehicle.
  • lithium-ion batteries are expensive and also sensitive to very high and very low temperatures as well as high voltages, which can greatly affect their life and performance. That is why it is a goal of
  • Invention to provide a monitoring device and a method that provides a cost-effective monitoring of critical conditions of the battery and thus contributes to extending the life of a battery.
  • the knowledge is used that the requirements for accuracy with respect to voltage, current and temperature monitoring for future
  • Control units by the monitoring device according to the invention and the inventive method reduces and thus cheaper
  • Battery management systems can be used. More specifically, the invention is based on the finding that despite a lower accuracy of the measurement of the voltage, current and temperature values, the specifiable cell limits, ie the values up to which a cell still functions safely and does not become defective, can be maintained. This will be clarified by the method according to the invention described below.
  • a cell voltage of a battery during a current pulse for example, a charging pulse, so applied current l> 0 amps, measured. If this measured cell voltage exceeds a predeterminable limit value, for example 4.0 volts, the measured cell voltage is corrected by a so-called "worst-case value.”
  • This "worst-case value” is the maximum possible measurement accuracy which corresponds to the measured voltage Cell voltage is added so that a corrected reading results. The measurement accuracy can be in the range of a few millivolts, depending on which meter is used.
  • This corrected measured value is then stored in a data memory. This
  • Data storage may be provided in or external to a battery management system, as long as it is ensured that the data can be stored thereon and retrieved.
  • Parameter field generated.
  • these measured values ie the minimum occurring temperature and the current are respectively plotted for a predefinable number of measurements and a predefinable duration of a current pulse.
  • the corrected measured value is transferred to the table and a counter, which is assigned to this corrected value in the parameter field in the corresponding row / column combination, is increased by one value, usually by the value "1 ".
  • a signal or a warning is output. Failure to comply with this warning may result in the shutdown of all or part of the battery. This depends on the design of the system. Thus, it can be ensured that before reaching the
  • a measurement is defined as a run, beginning with the measurement of a cell voltage value during a current pulse via the correction of the cell voltage value by a known maximum possible
  • a monitoring device which can carry out the method according to the invention can comprise, for example, a data memory in which the parameter field is stored, as well as an evaluation device which stores the data
  • the monitoring device may be connected to or part of a battery management system.
  • a monitoring device is that a cost-effective device can be used by applying the method according to the invention, since no devices such as sensors, components or evaluation must be used, which have a high or very high measurement accuracy. Furthermore, by using the "worst-case value", ie the correction of the measured cell voltage to the maximum possible accuracy, at least the operating range of the battery can be used, so there are much fewer restrictions in this area, as it Solutions according to the prior art is the case.
  • FIG. 1 shows a table which shows by way of example how values associated with a measured cell voltage can be stored as a parameter field. Furthermore, by way of example, a filled-in area with a number of counters is shown, which have been entered into the respectively appropriate row by a corrected measured value exceeding the reference value. The sum shown in the bottom row is compared with a reference count value, and based on this result, a signal is generated if the reference count value or a
  • the signal can be in the form of a warning light in the interior of the vehicle or as an acoustic signal
  • the signal can also be issued immediately as a control signal, for example, triggers a shutdown of the battery or parts thereof to prevent damage.
  • the configuration of the signal depends on how the system as a whole is designed, in which
  • Threshold is to be warned at which threshold, which may possibly be a second value, a shutdown should be made, or how high the counter sum, etc.
  • a temperature T more precisely a minimum occurring cell temperature is entered at the measured cell voltage, here for example 25 ° C and 40 ° C.
  • the measured cell voltage here for example 25 ° C and 40 ° C.
  • Temperatures may be recorded, such as -10 ° C or other measured minimum temperatures. These depend on the environmental conditions in the measurement, e.g. Measurement in winter or summer, from.
  • a current value occurring at the measured cell voltage is plotted in this table by way of example for values greater than or less than 100 amps at 40 ° C and for values greater or less than 80 amps at 25 °.
  • the corrected reading is 4.3 V. This value was measured at a minimum temperature of 25 ° C. and a current pulse duration of 1 second, the measured current being 100 Thus, in the third column, below the value for 4.3 volts in the row which represents the values for the
  • the sum of the counter values ie the measurements which have delivered a corrected measured value above the predefinable limit value and for which the counter has been increased by the value "l" is formed of 26000 measurements measured above the allowable preset limit
  • This sum of counts is compared to a reference count If the sum of the counts reaches or exceeds a predefined threshold, here is 5% Exceeding the reference counter value, a signal is generated.
  • This signal may be a warning in the form of a warning light in the interior of the automobile, but it may also be an audible signal or other warning signals warning the driver that the battery could be defective.
  • the signal can be output to a device that triggers a shutdown of the battery or a part thereof, if the warning was ignored, ie if the vehicle was not brought to service and the defect was checked and corrected.
  • a device that triggers a shutdown of the battery or a part thereof if the warning was ignored, ie if the vehicle was not brought to service and the defect was checked and corrected.
  • the predetermined limit here 4.0 volts
  • the sum of the counter values is also formed in the last row of the fourth column, here 16, and compared with a reference counter value. Should the sum of the counter values reach or even exceed a predefinable threshold, here 5% before exceeding the threshold
  • This signal can be configured as described above.
  • This signal can be configured as described above.
  • This signal can be configured as described above.
  • the table shown in FIG. 1 merely serves as an illustrative example.
  • Measurements as well as the measured voltage and the predeterminable limit as well as the measuring accuracy can vary independently depending on the given parameters, e.g. which type of battery is chosen, how many
  • Battery cell can be used or which device or method is used or which environmental conditions prevail.
  • a cost-effective system is provided, which at the same time makes it possible to use at least the operating range of the battery used and thus extend the service life of the battery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de surveillance d'une batterie. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à mesurer une valeur de tension de cellule au cours d'une impulsion de courant, lorsque la valeur de tension de cellule devient supérieure à une valeur pertinente prédéterminée, corriger la valeur de tension de cellule d'une précision de mesure maximale possible connue pour calculer une valeur de tension de cellule corrigée, transférer la valeur de tension de cellule corrigée dans une table se trouvant dans une mémoire de données et mémoriser les valeurs d'une température de cellule minimale et une valeur de courant pour la tension de cellule mesurée pour un nombre prédéterminé de mesures et une durée d'impulsion de courant dans la table, incrémenter un compteur dans une des combinaisons de lignes/de colonnes, associées à la mesure de la valeur de tension de cellule, dans la table d'une valeur prédéterminée, comparer une somme des valeurs de compteur pour le nombre prédéterminé de mesures et la durée d'impulsion de courant avec une valeur de compteur de référence prédéterminée et délivrer un signal lorsqu'une valeur de seuil prédéterminée est atteinte ou dépassée. En outre, l'invention concerne un dispositif de surveillance correspondant.
EP15822944.3A 2015-01-13 2015-12-23 Procédé de surveillance d'une batterie et dispositif de surveillance Withdrawn EP3245530A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015200321.3A DE102015200321A1 (de) 2015-01-13 2015-01-13 Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Batterie sowie Überwachungseinrichtung
PCT/EP2015/081181 WO2016113099A1 (fr) 2015-01-13 2015-12-23 Procédé de surveillance d'une batterie et dispositif de surveillance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3245530A1 true EP3245530A1 (fr) 2017-11-22

Family

ID=55080098

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15822944.3A Withdrawn EP3245530A1 (fr) 2015-01-13 2015-12-23 Procédé de surveillance d'une batterie et dispositif de surveillance

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3245530A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107110917B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015200321A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016113099A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021123863A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Total Se Unité tubulaire de séparation électrochimique et son procédé de fabrication

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10823786B2 (en) 2017-07-28 2020-11-03 Northstar Battery Company, Llc Battery with internal monitoring system
DE102019218333A1 (de) * 2019-11-27 2021-05-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriediagnose für ein elektrisch betriebenes Fahrzeug
DE102020201028A1 (de) * 2020-01-29 2021-07-29 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Batteriepacks und Batteriepack

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DE4007883A1 (de) * 1990-03-13 1991-09-19 Moto Meter Ag Verfahren und batteriepruefgeraet zum bestimmen des zustands einer bleibatterie
CN1144060C (zh) * 1999-03-05 2004-03-31 索尼公司 电池组件、充放电计数和设置电池组件剩余电量的方法
DE10045622A1 (de) 2000-09-15 2002-03-28 Nbt Gmbh Verfahren zur Überwachung der Ladung gasdichter alkalischer Akkumulatoren
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021123863A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Total Se Unité tubulaire de séparation électrochimique et son procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015200321A1 (de) 2016-07-14
CN107110917A (zh) 2017-08-29
WO2016113099A1 (fr) 2016-07-21
CN107110917B (zh) 2021-01-26

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