Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
  • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
  • F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a chiller operating in the Stirling cycle, of the type comprising: a casing defining an internal volume filled with a fluid, said casing comprising a compression cylinder and a regeneration cylinder; a compression piston movable in translation in the compression cylinder; a regeneration piston movable in translation in the regeneration cylinder; the housing and the compression and regeneration pistons respectively defining a compression chamber, a regeneration chamber, and a reference chamber disposed between the compression and regeneration pistons; a drive crankshaft, comprising a crankpin rotatable relative to the crankcase; and a compression rod coupled to the compression piston and a regeneration rod coupled to the regeneration piston, said rods being rigid, said rods being further coupled to the rotary crank pin; the rotating pin and the compression and regeneration rods being arranged in the reference chamber; the cooler further comprising a fluid flow conduit, a first end of said conduit opening on the compression chamber and a second end of said conduit opening on the regeneration chamber.
• the ideal Stirling cycle comprises the following four phases:
• the present invention aims to provide a device ensuring the passage of fluid between the compression cylinder and the regeneration cylinder, reducing the constraints and associated costs.
• the subject of the invention is a cooler of the aforementioned type, in which the second end of the fluid circulation duct is disposed on the regeneration piston; and said fluid flow conduit comprises a deformable pipe depending on the displacement of the compression piston and / or the regeneration piston, said deformable pipe being disposed in the reference chamber.
• the cooler comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or according to all the possible technical combinations:
• the first end of the circulation duct corresponds to an end of a bore formed in the casing between the compression chamber and the reference chamber, the deformable pipe extending said bore;
• the first end of the circulation duct corresponds to one end of the deformable pipe and is arranged on the compression piston;
• the first connecting rod is connected to the compression piston by a hinge
• the first connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the compression piston;
• the compression piston comprises a curved edge so as to be able to oscillate in contact with the compression cylinder, in a plane comprising an axis of movement of said piston; and the first end of the circulation duct corresponds to an end of a bore formed in the compression piston and the first connecting rod, between the compression chamber and the reference chamber, the deformable pipe extending said bore;
• the deformable pipe is a flexible pipe
• the deformable pipe is formed of rigid sections separated by at least two flexible zones.
• Figure 1 is a sectional view of a cooler according to a first embodiment of the invention
• Figure 2 is a sectional view of a cooler according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a cooler according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a device 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• the device 10 is a cooler operating according to the Stirling cycle.
• the device 10 comprises a housing 12.
• Said housing 12 comprises in particular a body 14 and a cryostat well 16, assembled to one another and defining a volume 18 internal to the housing.
• the internal volume 18 is preferably filled with a high purity gas such as helium.
• the body 14 of the housing defines in particular a first internal wall 20 of cylindrical shape, disposed along a first axis 22 parallel to Z. Said internal wall 20 is said compression cylinder.
• the housing 12 further comprises a flange 24 assembled to the body 14. The flange 24 closes an orifice located at a first axial end of the compression cylinder 20.
• the cryostat well 16 defines a second cylindrical inner wall 26 arranged along a second axis 28 inclined relative to the first axis 22.
• the second axis 28 is parallel to X, ie perpendicular at the first axis 22.
• the second axis 28 is substantially coplanar with the first axis 22.
• the second inner wall 26 is called the regeneration cylinder.
• a first axial end 30 of the regeneration cylinder 26, called the cold end, is closed.
• the cold end 30 is in contact with an element 31 to be cooled by means of the device 10, for example an electronic component.
• the second axial ends of the compression cylinder 20 and the regeneration cylinder 26 communicate with a central space 32 of the housing 12.
• the central space 32 is substantially cylindrical, disposed along a third axis 34 parallel to Y.
• the third axis 34 passes through an intersection of the first and second axes 22, 28, or near said intersection.
• the central space 32 houses a crankshaft system 36, connected to a motor (not shown).
• the crankshaft 36 comprises a motor shaft disposed along the third axis 34.
• On the motor shaft is fixedly mounted an eccentric crankpin 40.
• the crankpin 40 is coupled to a first rod 42 and a second rod 44, said first and second links 42, 44 being substantially disposed in the plane (X, Z) containing the first and second axes 22, 28.
• the first and second links 42, 44 are arranged in a plane parallel to the plane containing the first and second second axis 22, 28.
• the first rod 42 is a rigid piece, mounted on the crankpin 40 via a bearing 43.
• a hinge 45 connects said first rod 42 to a first piston 46, said compression piston.
• the compression piston 46 is movable in translation along the first axis 22 in the compression cylinder 20, which guides the piston 46 during its displacement.
• a leak between the compression cylinder 20 and the central space 32 is as low as possible in order to maintain a good performance of the device 10.
• compression piston can also be applied to a compression membrane.
• the compression piston 46 defines a compression chamber 48 located in the compression cylinder 20 between the flange 24 and said compression piston 46.
• the compression chamber 48 has a variable volume as a function of the displacement of the piston 46.
• the second connecting rod 44 is a rigid piece, a first end of which is articulated on a finger 49 of the first connecting rod 42 and a second end is articulated on a second piston 50, called the regeneration piston.
• the regeneration piston 50 is movable in translation along the second axis 28 in the regeneration cylinder 26.
• the regeneration piston 50 comprises a base 52, articulated to the second connecting rod 44.
• the piston 50 further comprises a tube 54 which extends from the base 52 into the regeneration cylinder 26, towards the cold end 30.
• the interior of the tube 54 is lined with a porous material (not shown) capable of heat exchange with the fluid that passes through due to the movement of the compression piston 48.
• the porous material is formed, for example a stack of metal grids.
• the clearance between the regeneration piston 50 and the regeneration cylinder 26 may be greater than the clearance between the compression piston 46 and the compression cylinder 20.
• the regeneration piston 50 defines a regeneration chamber, or expansion chamber 56, located in the regeneration cylinder 26 between the cold end 30 and said regeneration piston 50.
• the regeneration chamber 56 has a variable volume depending on the displacement piston 50.
• the compression piston 46 and the regeneration piston 50 also define a pressure reference chamber 58, in which the system is arranged. crankshaft 36 and the connecting rods 42, 44.
• the central space 32 is notably included in the reference chamber 58.
• Said chamber 58 has a variable volume as a function of the displacement of the pistons 46, 50.
• the device 10 further comprises a conduit 60 for fluid circulation, providing a pneumatic connection between the compression chamber 48 and the regeneration chamber 56. More specifically, a first end 62 of the conduit 60 opens on the compression chamber 48 and a second end 64 of the conduit 60 opens on the base 52 of the regeneration piston 50.
• the second end 64 is formed by an axial tapping, parallel to X, through the base 52 of the piston 50.
• the second end 64 is connected to a pipe 66 disposed in the reference chamber 58.
• the pipe 66 bypasses the axis 34 of rotation of the crankshaft 36 and is connected to a bore 68 formed in the housing 12 substantially parallel to the compression cylinder 20.
• the bore 68 opens into the chamber 48 at the first end 62 of the conduit 60.
• the pipe 66 is deformable as a function of the displacement of the regeneration piston 50.
• the pipe 66 is a flexible pipe, for example a pipe of reinforced plastic material or not.
• the pipe 66 is formed of rigid sections separated by at least two flexible zones.
• Figure 2 shows a sectional view of a device 1 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• the device 1 10 is a cooler operating according to the Stirling cycle, similar to the device 10 of FIG.
• the elements common to the devices 10 and 1 10 are designated by the same reference numbers.
• the above description of the device 10 applies to the device 1 10, with the exception of the characteristics of the conduit 60 for fluid circulation between the compression chamber 48 and the regeneration chamber 56.
• conduit 60 of the device 1 10 has a second end 64 which opens on the regeneration chamber 56 via an axial tapping in the base 52 of the regeneration piston 50, as well as in the device 10.
• the conduit 60 of the device 1 10 has on the other hand a first end 162 opening on the compression chamber 48. Unlike the first end 62 of the device 10, the first end 162 is not formed in the housing 12. The first end 162 is formed by an axial tapping, parallel to Z, in the compression piston 46. The first 162 and second 64 ends of the conduit 60 of the device 1 10 correspond to the ends of a pipe 166, disposed in the reference chamber 58 and connected to the regeneration piston 50 and the compression piston 46.
• the pipe 166 is deformable as a function of the displacement of the regeneration piston 50 and the compression piston 46.
• the pipe 166 is a flexible pipe; according to an alternative embodiment (not shown), the pipe 166 is formed of rigid sections separated by at least two flexible zones.
• Figure 3 shows a sectional view of a device 210 according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• the device 210 is a cooler operating according to the Stirling cycle, similar to the devices 10 and 1 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the elements common to the devices 10, 1, 10 and 210 are designated by the same numbers. reference.
• device 10 applies to device 210, except for the following features:
• the device 210 comprises a compression piston 246 movable in translation in the compression cylinder 20.
• a radial edge 247 of the piston 246, in contact with said cylinder 20, has a convex section in a plane passing through the first axis 22 of movement of the piston 246.
• a seal between the compression cylinder 20 and the radial edge 247 of the piston 246 is obtained by means of a flexible radial seal (not shown) carried by the piston.
• the piston 246 is for example similar to the piston described in the document US5231917.
• crankshaft system 36 of the device 210 comprises a first rigid link 242.
• a head 243 of the first connecting rod 242 is coupled to the eccentric crank pin 40 of the crankshaft 36.
• a foot 245 of the first connecting rod 242 is fixedly mounted on the compression piston 246.
• the first rod 42 is articulated on the compression piston 46.
• the device 210 comprises a conduit 60 for fluid circulation between the compression chamber 48 and the regeneration chamber 56.
• the conduit 60 of the device 210 has a second end 64 which opens on the regeneration chamber 56 via an axial tapping in the base 52 of the regeneration piston 50, as well as in the devices 10 and 1 10.
• second end 64 is connected to a pipe 66 disposed in the reference chamber 58.
• the pipe 66 bypasses the axis of rotation of the crankshaft 36 and is connected to a bore 268, formed in particular inside the rigid rod 242 and compression piston 246.
• a first end 269 of the bore 268 opens into the reference chamber 58, close to the big end 243.
• a second end 262 of the bore 268 forms an axial stitch in the piston 246 and opens into the compression chamber 48.
• the second end 262 is located near the first axis 22 of the compression cylinder 20.
• the pipe 66 is deformable as a function of the displacement of the regeneration piston 50 and the compression piston 46.
• the pipe 166 is a flexible pipe; according to an alternative embodiment (not shown), the pipe 166 is formed of rigid sections separated by at least two flexible zones.
• the eccentric crank pin 40 is rotated by the crankshaft drive shaft 36 about the axis 34. Via the first rod 42, 242 and the second rod 44 respectively, the rotation of the crank pin 40 is converted. in reciprocating rectilinear movements of the compression piston 46, along the first axis 22, and the regeneration piston 50, along the second axis 28.
• the movements of the pistons 46, 50 are of quasi-sinusoidal type.
• the movements of the pistons 46, 50 are out of phase with each other by about 90 °, that is to say that one of the two pistons 46, 50 is halfway when the other of said two pistons is at one end of its course.
• the compression piston 46, 246 moves along the first axis 22, towards the flange 24.
• the compression chamber 48 has almost reached its minimum volume.
• the helium contained in said chamber reaches a maximum pressure range and is driven into the regeneration piston 50 via the conduit 60.
• Said regeneration piston is then substantially halfway in the regeneration cylinder 26 and moves in the opposite direction at the cold end 30.
• the helium passes through the tube 54 of the piston 50 and cools in contact with the heat exchanger contained in said tube.
• the regeneration piston 50 continues its course in the regeneration cylinder 26 until a maximum expansion of the regeneration chamber 56.
• the compression piston 46, 246 moves in the compression cylinder 20 so as to increase the volume of the compression chamber 48, decreasing the pressure of the helium.
• the return of the regeneration piston 50 combined with the further expansion of the volume of the compression chamber 48, causes the helium to cross in the opposite direction the tube 54.
• the helium then recovering heat and rising in temperature before returning to the compression chamber 48 through the conduit 60.
• the compression piston 46, 246 continues its stroke until a maximum expansion of the compression chamber 48, then starts in reverse to compress the fluid again and complete the cycle.
• the rotary movement of the crankpin 40 is communicated to the first connecting rod 242, itself attached to the compression piston 246.
• the convex edge 247 of said piston allows said piston 246 to oscillate slightly in a plane ( X, Z), while remaining in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 20, during the stroke of said piston along the first axis 22.
• the convex edge 247 makes it possible to eliminate the articulation 45 between the piston 46 and the connecting rod 42, such that described for devices 10 and 1 10.
• the deformable pipe 66, 166 of the conduit 60 allows a transfer of the gas stream without losses.
• This characteristic allows, between the piston 50 and the regeneration cylinder 26, a clearance greater than the devices as described in the document US Pat. No. 5,351,173.
• this characteristic makes it possible to eliminate complex and bulky mechanical parts, and in particular to reduce the length cryostat well.
• Chillers according to the invention such as devices 10, 1 10, 210 therefore imply easy manufacture and maintenance.
• the second end 64 of the duct 60 is formed by a radial, and not axial, stitching on the regeneration piston 50.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Compressor (AREA)
• Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2015
  • 2015-03-13 FR FR1500486A patent/FR3033629B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-03-14 KR KR1020177025684A patent/KR102444439B1/ko active Active
  • 2016-03-14 EP EP16712751.3A patent/EP3268679B1/de active Active
  • 2016-03-14 SI SI201630263T patent/SI3268679T1/sl unknown
  • 2016-03-14 CN CN201680015320.1A patent/CN107407509B/zh active Active
  • 2016-03-14 US US15/556,617 patent/US10465947B2/en active Active
  • 2016-03-14 TR TR2019/07138T patent/TR201907138T4/tr unknown
  • 2016-03-14 WO PCT/EP2016/055432 patent/WO2016146572A1/fr not_active Ceased
• 2017
  • 2017-09-12 IL IL254443A patent/IL254443B/en unknown

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