Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
  • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
  • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
  • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

• Invention relates to equipment for 3D printing of objects with extended range of movement in more axis.
• 3D printing is a process during which a specific device creates three-dimensional objects from suitable material. Printing in layers is operated by the control electronic based on a program model.
• Second type which is used mainly in industrial 3D printers is also using one printhead, but used technology can be different.
• Printhead for the application of a binding agent has thousands of jets.
• Those 3D printers work with a building powder from which a printed object Is created.
• This building powder can be based on ceramics, sand, metal etc.
• Example of a partial solution of the mentioned problem can be the method and device for the creation of three-dimensional objects by 3D printing according to the German patent application DE102010015451.
• the printed 3D object is created from the building powder which is delivered by a supply device in individual layers.
• Shape of the object is formed by a printhead stored on a cantilever frame under defined angle which allows 3D printing of objects with larger dimensions in comparison to current small devices.
• the device for 3D printing according to the invention contributes to the removal of above mentioned disadvantage, because its construction allows operation of all processes of 3D printing simultaneously and in more layers.
• this device is equipped with a printing area which can be moved horizontally or vertically.
• the conveyor for printing which has adjustable angle.
• Main contribution of the invention is that the conveyor for printing with printheads and hoppers and the conveyor belt of a printing area with printed piece or pieces are moving simultaneously during 3D printing.
• the thickness of applied layer and also the angle of a printing area can be adjusted.
• the conveyor for printing can be created from an endless belt with a possibility of the cyclic rotation of hoppers and printheads attached to it during the printing.
• the conveyor for printing can be created from a conveyor with an oscillating movement of hoppers and printheads from one side to other and without the cyclic rotation.
• one printhead has two hoppers.
• the device according to the invention has a dispenser of the building powder for individual printing systems placed above the conveyor for printing.
• This dispenser has a linear routing in order to move and to supply during the printing.
• Data for the operation of a hopper and printhead can be sent using a data cable, but also the wireless Wi-Fi can be used.
• the conveyor for printing can be equipped with a cleaning device for printheads.
• the device for the printing of 3D objects according to the invention is advantageous especially because of its construction which allows continuous printing of more layers without a necessity to stop the device.
• This device (if it is arranged in compliance with the invention) allows especially the acceleration of a production of 3D objects.
• This acceleration is achieved by its different constriction for printing, involvement of more hoppers which create individual layers from the building powder for printing and by involvement of more printheads which create a shape of the object.
• This change requires the hopper with a powder and the printhead to be placed consecutively. Connection of more hoppers and printheads allows that more layers can be printed during one cycle and this is the basis for mentioned acceleration in comparison to current solutions.
• This couple is a couple which creates its one layer and print and they are moving at a particular distance after the previous couple.
• This couple has a linear routing which allows the auxiliary copying of the descending printing area. This is how several layers are created consecutively in the same time without the necessity to stop the device until required thickness of the printed object is reached.
• 3D printing itself is done by the application of the building powder in a thin layer on the printing area by the hopper and following injection of a binding agent or application of a laser on this powder by the printhead. Solid shapes are being formed in areas of the building powder where the binding agent is used. However, the building powder remains powdery in areas of the building powder where the binding agent is not used.
• the chemical binding agent is used and after its application this binding agent is hardened by a heater.
• the lasers are being used - the printhead is emitting laser beams and they fuse the building powder at high temperature which creates a solid shape from it. In areas where such laser was not used the building powder remains powdery.
• Printed object is surrounded by a powdery building powder which was not hardened by a binding agent or laser during the printing and its subsequent removal is done by the suction. Loose material which remains on the printed object even after such suction is removed, e.g. by the brushing.
• Fig. 1 example of the construction for the continuous multilayer printing of 3D objects with the angular arrangement and horizontal movement of the printing area
• FIG. 3 detail of the arrangement of a hopper and printhead
• Fig. 4 - exemplary execution of the device for the continual multilayer printing of 3D objects with the parallel (horizontal) arrangement and vertical movement of the printing area
• Fig. 5 - exemplary execution of the device for the printing of 3D objects with the parallel (horizontal) arrangement without the rotation of hoppers and printheads
• Fig. 6 - exemplary execution of hoppers and printheads for the printing of 3D objects with the parallel arrangement and the oscillating movement of hoppers and printheads.
• the printing area is 18 with applied building powder 1 movable on the conveyor belt 7 on the drawing 1 in the direction of the arrow marked on the drawing 2.
• the conveyor 6 for printing is angularly placed and its movement is done using a cogwheel 12 derived from the drive ⁇ . of the conveyor for printing.
• Hoppers 17 are applying the building powder 15 in individual layers 20 (see drawing 4) on the printing area 18 (drawing 2) and the printheads are releasing the binding agent on individual layers 20 by their 4 systems of jets (drawing 4) and this binding agent is drying. This is how the 3D object 19 (drawing 2) is created.
• the hopper 17 is applying the layer with the thickness 25 which is evened out by the compounder of a surface 27 and subsequently the printhead 4 applies the binding agent through its jets.
• the principal of the application of more layers 20 is drawn on the drawing 4.
• the table 21 is moving and it has the same function as the conveyor belt 7 on the drawing 1.
• the hopper 17 and the printhead 4 copy such descending of the table 21.
• Descending and ascending of the hopper ⁇ 7 and printhead 4 in relation to the printing area 18 on the drawing 2 allows movement of the linear routing 26 (on the drawing 3) which is part of the printing conveyor 6 (drawing 2).
• Distance of the printhead 4 from the applied layer 25 is monitored by the sensor 24 (drawing 3). After the printing is done the hopper 17 and printhead 4 return using their linear routing 26 to their original locations.
• the thickness of a layer 25 is adjusted (see the drawing 3) and the angle a (see the drawing 2). If the angle a is greater than the angle ⁇ movement of the linear routing 25 on the drawing 3 is limited. You can have same results if you lower the angle J3 in relation to the angle a (drawing 2). Under the angle J3 the conveyor 6 for printing is placed. Under certain conditions when the angle js greater than J3 movement of the linear routing 26 might not be used during the printing (see the drawing 3). Those appropriate conditions are adapted for the regulation of speed of the application of the building powder 15 by the hopper 17 and speed of the movement of the conveyor belt 7 or table 21 which is driving into the container 22 for printing.
• Dispenser 10 on the drawing 1 is moving on its linear routing 1 attached on the holder 2. This dispenser 10 refills the building powder 15 to hoppers 17 (see the drawing 2) through the hopper blades 16 powered by the drive 9 of hopper blades.
• Conveyor 6 for printing is also equipped with the cleaning device 13 of the printheads 4.
• Binding agent for printing, operating data and electric energy for the printheads 4 and hoppers 17 is transferred through the energy chain 5 with the input 14- Binding agent for the printheads 4 is released through the inlet vent 23 on the drawing 3.
• the conveyor 6 for printing consists of the conveyor with the oscillating movement of the hoppers 17 and printhead 3 from one side to the other.
• this principle of the printing is different because the hoppers 14 and printheads 4 are not rotating cyclically, but they are only moving in the direction of marked arrows from one side to the other on the linear routing together with the dispenser 10.
• Solution according to the invention can be used especially in the mechanical engineering, civil engineering, health care. It can be used especially for the creation of complicated shapes and parts which cannot be created using the conventional methods - machining, injecting or casting from steel or plastic.
• multilayer 3D printing can be also used for the creation of ordinary shapes using the powdered building material which ensures required quality of any material after printing together with the binding agent or laser.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (7)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2015
  • 2015-03-24 CZ CZ2015-205A patent/CZ2015205A3/cs unknown
• 2016
  • 2016-03-07 WO PCT/CZ2016/050007 patent/WO2016150409A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2016-03-07 EP EP16717234.5A patent/EP3274157A1/en not_active Withdrawn

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