Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
  • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/10—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by liquid-circulating or vapour-circulating jackets
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/03—Orientation
  • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/05—Size
  • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
  • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
  • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
  • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/05—Ultrapure fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
  • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
  • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
  • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
  • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
  • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
  • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
  • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
  • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
  • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
  • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
  • F17C2227/0383—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
  • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
  • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
  • F17C2260/056—Improving fluid characteristics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
  • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
  • F17C2265/012—Purifying the fluid by filtering
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
  • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
  • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
  • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
  • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a liquefied fluid storage tank and a cooling device comprising such a tank.
• the invention more particularly relates to a liquefied fluid storage tank comprising a storage wall whose inner surface delimits a storage volume for liquefied fluid, the reservoir comprising a fluid cooling exchanger contained in the reservoir for, in particular, condensing vapors. said fluid.
• the invention particularly relates to a cryogenic fluid reservoir for storing a low temperature gas or gas mixture, for example cryogenic, in particular xenon or any other air gas or the like.
• the cryogenic tanks generally comprise a double wall structure comprising an air gap (for example a pressure of 10 -4 mbar) between the two walls and a thermal insulation (for example a perlite layer and / or a multilayer insulation).
• an air gap for example a pressure of 10 -4 mbar
• a thermal insulation for example a perlite layer and / or a multilayer insulation.
• An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above.
• the tank according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the cooling exchanger comprises a mass of metal, in particular aluminum, wherein at least one conduit of a heat transfer fluid circuit is integrated for cooling said mass and in that the mass is in contact and fixed on the outer surface of the storage wall.
• embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features: the mass is in contact and fixed on the external surface of the upper part of the storage wall,
• the mass is in contact with the storage wall over an area of between 0.04 and 4 m 2
• the mass has a volume constituting 8 and 10,000kg
• the mass has a mass heat capacity (densities multiplied by heat capacity at constant pressure) of between 7 and 9000 kJ.m- 3 .K -1 and a thermal conductivity of between 180 and 220 W. m- 1 K -1
• the mass is connected to the outer wall and led (s) by casting metal in liquid form at melting temperature on the storage wall and around the duct or ducts, that is to say that the duct or ducts are embedded in the mass, the mass being overmolded on the outer wall and the ducts,
• the reservoir comprises at least one metal plate fixed on the outer surface of the storage wall and protruding transversely with respect to this wall, the at least one plate comprising at least one curvature or cutout, the mass being overmolded on the portion of outer wall comprising the plate or plates, that is to say that the plate or plates are embedded in the mass,
• the reservoir comprises an outer wall arranged spaced around the storage wall, the space between said walls being kept under vacuum at a pressure below atmospheric pressure and comprising a thermal insulation layer,
• the reservoir comprises one or more ducts producing several loops or laces within the mass
• the transversely projecting plate means that the plate is not completely parallel to the outer surface of the wall, for example the plate is perpendicular to the outer surface of the wall at the place considered,
• the reservoir comprises a fluid circuit comprising a fluid withdrawal pipe contained in the volume delimited by the storage wall and a fluid return pipe to the volume defined by the storage wall;
• the withdrawal pipe comprises an exchanger; for heating the withdrawn fluid and in that the return pipe comprises a cooling exchanger returned to the reservoir, the withdrawal and return lines connected to an application or a unit for purifying the fluid of the reservoir by forming a circulation loop for the fluid in which the fluid is withdrawn via the withdrawal line, purified in the application or the purification unit and returned to the reservoir via the return line.
• the invention also relates to a device for cooling a user apparatus by transferring frigories between a liquefied fluid and said user device, the device comprising a liquefied fluid storage tank storing a cryogenic fluid from: xenon, neon, or any other cryogenic fluid a fluid transfer circuit to and from the reservoir comprising a system of pipes and valves, the reservoir being in accordance with any of the above characteristics or hereafter, the device comprising a source of fluid coolant such as liquid nitrogen, the at least one conduit of the coolant circuit being connected to said source of heat transfer fluid.
• a source of fluid coolant such as liquid nitrogen
• the invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features.
• FIG. 1 represents a vertical, schematic and partial sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a reservoir according to the invention
• FIG. 2 represents a vertical sectional view, diagrammatic and partial, illustrating the use of a tank according to the figure in an installation
• FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic and partial vertical sectional view of the upper part of a reservoir of the type of FIG. 1 according to an advantageous embodiment
• FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the tank storage wall of the type of that of Figure 4 according to an advantageous embodiment.
• the liquefied fluid storage tank shown in FIG. 1 conventionally comprises a storage wall 1, for example of generally cylindrical shape, whose internal surface delimits a storage volume for liquefied fluid (cryogenic fluid stored in liquid / gas equilibrium).
• a storage wall 1 may be housed in an outer wall with an insulation system between the walls 1, 5 (vacuum and thermal insulation layer).
• the storage wall 1 can also be housed in a vacuum chamber or a cold atmosphere for isolating as much stored fluid as possible from the heat inputs.
• the tank has for example a volume of 50 to 1000 liters, for example 300 liters.
• the reservoir can in particular store xenon in the liquid phase at a temperature of -101 ° C. under 1.5 bar absolute (in two-phase liquid-gas equilibrium).
• the tank stores 200kg of xenon.
• the reservoir comprising an exchanger 2 for cooling the fluid contained in the reservoir to condense vapors of said fluid.
• the cooling exchanger 2 comprises a mass 3 of metal, for example aluminum, in which is integrated at least one duct 4 of a coolant circuit for cooling said mass 3.
• the mass 3 is in contact and fixed on the outer surface of the storage wall 1.
• This arrangement thus forms a condenser which makes it possible to liquefy or reliquefy (see solidify) the cryogenic fluid of the reservoir in a safe and controlled manner without auxiliary circuit.
• the "hot” fluid is neither aspirated nor directed into an external cooling circuit.
• the vapors are condensed on site directly in the tank whose storage wall 1 is cooled to a controlled temperature and serves as a heat exchange surface.
• the mass 3 is in contact and preferably fixed on the upper part of the storage wall 1.
• This heat exchanger 2 can be welded or poured directly onto the outer face of the storage wall 1.
• the storage wall 1 in stainless steel, steel or any other suitable material
• the storage wall 1 is directly cooled and transmits its frigories to the vapors it contains. This creates a condensation process that naturally moves the fluid in the storage volume (especially if the exchanger is placed at the top). This generates an energy saving.
• the exchanger 2 comprises for example one or more coils 4 (tubular ducts) integrated in the mass 3 or matrix having a high thermal conductivity.
• coils 4 tubular ducts
• two parallel circuits of conduits 4 are integrated in the mass 3.
• the mass 3 may comprise a solid block of aluminum (or any other suitable metal or alloy).
• This mass is traversed (via the conduits 4) by a refrigerant circulated in pipes 4 implanted therein.
• This cooling heat transfer fluid can thus extract as many calories to the mass 3 installed and the wall 1 of the tank that it takes to vaporize and heat up to its outlet temperature.
• This architecture significantly increases the flexibility of use of such a tank and in particular of the heat exchanger compared to the prior art.
• the operating pressure range of the exchanger is significantly enlarged compared to any other exchanger.
• this exchanger 2 it is possible to operate this exchanger 2 over a very wide temperature range, for example from 4.5K to 300K, because of its great thermal inertia.
• setting this temperature parameter is moreover to choose the desired temperature on the wall 1 storage tank (and vice versa).
• the minimum recommended mass temperature is -1 10 ° C (triple point xenon temperature).
• the possible temperature range for the cooled wall 1 extends from the value of the triple point of the condensate to that given by the maximum permissible pressure.
• the refrigerant is chosen accordingly.
• This heat transfer fluid may be for example liquid nitrogen at -188 ° C (85K) for example at a rate of 1 gram per second.
• the nitrogen can be vaporized (for example at a temperature of -103 ° C. (170K).
• the structure of the exchanger also makes it possible to adapt the power of the heat exchange, defined by the difference between the temperature of change of state of the hot fluid in the tank delimited by the wall 1 and the temperature of the mass 3. This power is also dependent on the coolant flow rate.
• the heat capacity of the assembly gives a significant thermal inertia to the system. This ensures temperature stability and therefore pressure in the tank. In general, the large amount of frigories stored within the assembly ensures the thermal stability of the system.
• the invention makes it possible to control and control the power of the heat exchange.
• the invention makes it possible to substantially increase the cooling energy stored in the materials, which makes it possible to eliminate the impact of any thermal disturbance.
• the mass 3 is in contact with the storage wall 1 on an area of between 0.04 and 4 m 2 .
• the mass 3 can have a volume constituting 8 to 10,000kg.
• the mass 3 has a thermal capacity which can be between 7 and 9000 kJ.m “3 .K “ 1 and a thermal conductivity between 180 and 220W.m “1 .K “ 1 .
• the mass 3 is preferably connected to the outer wall 1 and the (x) conduit (s)
• the upper surface of the storage wall 1 may comprise at least one fixed metal plate 7 (for example by welding) on the outer surface of the storage wall 1 and protruding transversely with respect to this wall 1. These plates 7 comprising at least one curvature or cut (see Figure 4).
• the mass 3 is overmolded on the outer wall portion 1 comprising the plate or plates 7.
• the plates 7 are embedded in the mass (3) and via their non-rectilinear shape (hook for example) provide a mechanical catch between the mass 3 and the storage wall 7, in particular in case of differential expansions between these two elements.
• the reservoir preferably comprises an outer wall 5 arranged spaced around the storage wall. The space between said walls 1, 5 is kept under vacuum at a pressure below atmospheric pressure and houses a layer 6 thermal insulation.
• the reservoir may comprise a fluid circuit comprising a pipe 8) for withdrawing fluid contained in the volume defined by the wall 1 of storage and a pipe 9 for returning fluid to the volume defined by the wall 1 of storage.
• the withdrawal pipe 8 may comprise a fluid heat exchanger 10 withdrawn and the pipe 9 of return can include a heat exchanger 1 1 returned to the tank. That is to say, the withdrawal lines 8 and return 9 depending on the application or the purification member 12 forming a circulation loop for the fluid in which the fluid is withdrawn and heated (vaporized ) via the withdrawal pipe 8, purified in the purification member and cooled (condensed) and returned to the tank via the return line 9.
• the tank may comprise a system of valves and in particular safety valves not shown for the sake of simplification.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2015
  • 2015-09-15 FR FR1558629A patent/FR3041061B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-08-02 CN CN201680053021.7A patent/CN108040488B/zh active Active
  • 2016-08-02 EP EP16757701.4A patent/EP3350501B1/de active Active
  • 2016-08-02 WO PCT/FR2016/052003 patent/WO2017046463A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2016-08-02 ES ES16757701T patent/ES2831180T3/es active Active
  • 2016-08-02 US US15/759,964 patent/US10781975B2/en active Active

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