EP3352569A2 - Utilisation des dispersion aqueoux aux fibre pour amelioration de lutte antiparasitaire biologique par acarien predateur - Google Patents

Utilisation des dispersion aqueoux aux fibre pour amelioration de lutte antiparasitaire biologique par acarien predateur

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Publication number
EP3352569A2
EP3352569A2 EP16778250.7A EP16778250A EP3352569A2 EP 3352569 A2 EP3352569 A2 EP 3352569A2 EP 16778250 A EP16778250 A EP 16778250A EP 3352569 A2 EP3352569 A2 EP 3352569A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
plant
liquid
fibers
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16778250.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Felix WÄCKERS
Kurt Put
Yves Arijs
Yannick VAN DEN BORRE
Mathias VANDUFFEL
Sander De Vrieze
Tolis PEKAS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biobest Group NV
Original Assignee
Biobest Group NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biobest Group NV filed Critical Biobest Group NV
Publication of EP3352569A2 publication Critical patent/EP3352569A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B05B12/1418—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet for supplying several liquids or other fluent materials in selected proportions to a single spray outlet

Definitions

  • the present invention in general relates to the field of biological plant protection, particularly biological plant protection using predatory mites. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods and compositions to promote the growth and development of the predatory mite population on a plant or plant part, as well as their application in controlling crop pests. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Plant pests such as thrips, spider mites and whitefly cause considerable damage to various plants and crops, resulting in significant economic loss to growers and higher prices for consumers.
  • plant pests may be controlled using chemical pesticides, this is not always possible or desirable. Indeed, the widespread use of chemical pesticides can result in health and environmental problems, and in the appearance of resistant insect varieties.
  • beneficial arthropods such as predatory mites are often used in agriculture for biological control of plant pests such as thrips or spider mites.
  • the predatory mites are applied to the plants manually, via controlled release systems, or via other methods.
  • leaf trichomes particularly non-glandular trichomes like leaf hairs, or (tuft) domatia on plant or plant parts
  • tufts domatia
  • many plants or plant parts lack (non- glandular) leaf trichomes, leaf hairs or (tuft) domatia, such as is the case for certain perennial fruit crops, like cultivated pear, citrus and some grape cultivars, and for certain ornamental plants. Accordingly, the use of predatory mites for protecting plants and plant parts lacking these structures can be problematic, because predatory mite populations are often not able to establish.
  • the present invention relates to novel methods and means to support the biological control of plant pests on a crop plant or ornamental plant or part thereof, particularly a plant or plant part or plant structure lacking leaf trichomes, leaf hairs or domatia, by promoting and/or maintaining the predatory mite population on said plant or plant part, comprising applying a liquid composition comprising a fiber to said plant or plant part.
  • the inventors have found that fibers can be applied onto leaves of a plant via a liquid dispersion of said fibers and when applied as such will promote the maintenance of a predatory mite population on a plant crop.
  • the invention provides methods for increasing the attractiveness of a plant or plant part/structure for a predatory mite population, said methods comprising applying a liquid composition comprising a fiber to said plant or plant part/structure.
  • said liquid composition comprises between 0.01 to 5.0 wt% fibers.
  • the liquid composition is an aqueous composition.
  • the length of the fiber ranges from 0.5 to 100 mm.
  • the fiber is crimped or curled.
  • the fiber has a textured (i.e. uneven) surface.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber further comprises an adhesive compound.
  • the adhesive compound is a sugar, a sugar alcohol, a soluble starch or a derivative thereof, arabic gum, xanthan gum, pectin or colloidal silica.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber further comprises a fungus reducing agent, a pest repellent, and/or a plant metabolism modifying agent.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber is applied by spraying or nebulization.
  • the liquid composition is applied using a motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus as provided herein.
  • the plant is a herbaceous plant, a vine, an ornamental plant or a tree, fruits or fruiting structures, or a plant structure, such as resting structures such as bulbs, tubers roots.
  • the plant is a pear tree or a Citrus spp. tree.
  • the methods described herein are of particular interest in the biological control of pests on plants or plant structures by predatory mites.
  • the mites can be either naturally occurring on the plant or is a mite population applied to the plant.
  • the methods further comprise contacting said plant with said predatory mite population before, after or simultaneously with the application of the liquid fiber composition.
  • the methods provided herein are used with predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae.
  • liquid compositions comprising a fiber for providing a fiber on a plant or plant structure, preferably wherein the length of the fiber ranges from 0.5 to 100 mm.
  • said liquid composition further comprises one or more of the following compounds: (i) an adhesive compound, (ii) a nutritional source for predatory mites; (iii) a fungal reducing compound; (iv) a pest repellent; (v) a plant metabolism modifying agent.
  • a container comprising said liquid composition.
  • kits for the biological control of pests on a plant or plant structure comprising a fiber composition, preferably a liquid or aqueous fiber composition, and, provided separately, a predatory mite population, or a source thereof.
  • the length of the fiber ranges from 0.5 to 100 mm and/or the fibers is crimped or curled.
  • kits further comprise one or more of the following compounds: (i) an adhesive compound, (ii) a nutritional source for said predatory mites; (iii) a fungal reducing compound; (iv) a pest repellent; (v) a plant metabolism modifying agent.
  • the predatory mite provided in the kit is a member of the family Phytoseiidae.
  • a motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus configured for spraying a liquid fiber composition in an uniform way, comprising: (i) a reservoir configured for containing the liquid to be sprayed, wherein said container comprises an outlet passage for the liquid to be sprayed; a motor powered pump assembly for dispensing the liquid through a spraying means equipped with a spray nozzle, wherein the inlet port of said pump assembly is connected with the outlet passage of said reservoir by tubings and wherein the outlet port of said pump assembly is connected with the spraying means; characterized in that said motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus further comprises a means for regulating or interrupting the liquid flow adapted to avoid fiber induced liquid blockages; and/or a stirring means or a means for suspending the fiber in the liquid solution located in said liquid reservoir.
  • the motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus comprises (a) an axial flow impeller as a stirring means; and/or (b) a spray nozzle having one or more openings with a diameter of 100-150 ⁇ ; and/or (c) a pinch valve or ball valve as a means for regulating or interrupting the liquid flow.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of part of a motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus for use in a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the reservoir of a motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus, adapted for fiber application according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, with a side view shown on the left and a front view on the right.
  • the inventors have found that dispersing the fibers in dry conditions in an air stream was ill suited for the large-scale application of the fibers to the plants: the dry fibers entangle easily or form lumps in applicator devices and the fibers are only loosely attached to the leaves resulting in a very uneven fiber adherence to the plant, or even no adherence. Moreover, the inhalation of the airborne fibers by the operator is an undesired side-effect.
  • the fibers are well dispersed in the liquid: the fibers can be evenly applied with the liquid spray and their application rate can be precisely quantified. In addition, the wet fibers remain better attached to the plant parts.
  • the fibers may provide artificial oviposition sites and shelter for the predatory mites, resulting in a more secure environment for the mites and their eggs.
  • an adhesive compound may be present in the liquid composition comprising a fiber. This allows increasing the adherence between fiber and plant part, thus avoiding the removal of the fibers from said plant by wind or other environmental phenomena. Moreover, in particular embodiments, such as where the adhesive is a sugar, said adhesive can function as a food source for the mites.
  • primordial mite refers to mites who feed on other organisms, in particular arthropods, including thrips, white fly, other mite species and the like.
  • predatory mites comprise phytoseiid predatory mites, i.e. members of the family Phytoseiidae.
  • Phytoseiid predatory mites are widely used for biological control of pests such as spider mites, thrips, and whitefly, particularly in greenhouse crops.
  • the predatory mites are from a genus selected from the group consisting of Euseius, Amblyseius, Neoseiulus, Iphiseius, Indoseiulus, Kampimodromus, Typhlodromalus, Phytoseius and Typhlodromus.
  • mite species suitable for use in the presently disclosed biological control methods and means include Euseius stipulatus, Eusius galicus, Amblyseius cucumeris, Typhlodromus pyri, Amblyseius swirskii, and Iphiseius degenerans.
  • said mite population is applied to said plant before or after applying the liquid fiber composition as described herein.
  • the predatory mite population is a natural mite population.
  • the present invention provides methods for increasing the attractiveness and suitability of a plant for a predatory mite, the methods comprising applying a liquid composition comprising a fiber to a plant or part thereof. Indeed, it has been found that applying a liquid composition comprising a fiber to a plant, will increase the attractiveness of the plant for the predatory mite. More particularly, it has been found that the number of eggs laid by the predatory mites on the leaves increased after having applied fibers to the plant in this manner. Accordingly, the invention provides methods for increasing the reproduction rate of a predatory mite on a plant.
  • the application also provides methods for the biological control of pests on a plant by predatory mites, which methods comprise applying a liquid or aqueous composition comprising a fiber to a plant or part thereof.
  • said methods also comprise introducing a mite population on said plant or part thereof.
  • the present invention relates to methods for promoting or maintaining a predatory mite population on a crop plant, comprising applying a liquid fiber composition to a plant or part thereof and introducing a mite population on said crop plant or part thereof.
  • the mite population may be introduced on or allowed to contact with said plant or part thereof before, after or simultaneously with the step of applying the liquid fiber composition to said plant or part thereof.
  • the method for the biological control of pests on a plant by predatory mites comprises applying, for instance by spraying, a liquid composition comprising a fiber to said plant or part thereof, wherein mite eggs are attached to said fiber prior to fiber application/spraying.
  • the present invention provides a method for promoting or maintaining a predatory mite population on a plant comprising applying a liquid fiber composition to a plant or part thereof wherein said plant contains a predatory mite population.
  • fibers are applied onto a plant using a liquid carrier.
  • liquid is used to describe a physical state that is fluid without being gaseous.
  • a liquid can flow freely and has a definite volume.
  • Preferred liquid carriers include water, oil, including but not limited to vegetable oil, glycerol and the like.
  • the liquid composition comprising fibers is an aqueous composition comprising fibers, with the aqueous phase acting as carrier.
  • aqueous as used herein means that more than 50 percent by volume is water, preferably more than 60, 70, 80 or 90 percent by volume is water, such as 100 percent by volume is water.
  • Aqueous compositions may further comprise organic liquids which are miscible with water.
  • Natural fibers include cellulose based fibers, like cotton fibers, hemp, kapok, or jute fibers, flax fibers, and the like, animal hair like wool or alpaca, arthropod produced fibers, such as silk, but also feathers.
  • Synthetic fibers include polyamide fibers, such as nylon, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polylactide fibers, fibers made from regenerated cellulose, and the like. The fibers may have a coarse or smooth surface.
  • said fiber is particularly suitable as an oviposition substrate.
  • said fiber is easily dispersible in an aqueous solution.
  • said fiber is an acrylic or polylactide fiber.
  • the fibers may be present in the liquid composition as individual, isolated fibers or structured in threads, yarns, fiber clusters or attached to a joint base.
  • the fibers are crimped or curled.
  • the crimping or curling may be a natural characteristic of the fiber or may be the result of mechanical crimping, spiral crimping, or another type.
  • a fiber may have a combination of two or more types of crimping.
  • the crimping or curling of the fiber may occur when the fiber is in the dry state, such as when the liquid carrier has evaporated or drained away.
  • the fibers have a textured (uneven) surface, which may provide better suited oviposition sites for the predatory mites population.
  • the fibers may be hollow or solid.
  • the fibers are porous or hollow having an internal cavity, wherein the internal cavity optionally comprises one or more components, including but not limited to an adhesive agent, a food source, a pheromone, fungal reducing compound; a pest repellent; a plant metabolism modifying agent, etc, advantageously allowing the controlled release of said component within the cavity.
  • the fibers can be characterized in size and/or shape. This further emphasizes that the fibers envisaged are non-soluble fibers in that it is required that their shape is substantially maintained in the liquid composition.
  • the fiber length ranges from about 0.1 to 100 mm or 0.5 to 25 mm, more preferably ranges from about 1 or 2 mm to about 10 or 15 mm.
  • the fibers may have a circular or other cross-sectional shape, such as elliptical, multi- lobed and the like.
  • the average fiber diameter is in the range of about 0.5 to about 100 microns.
  • the fiber has a linear density between 0.5 and 4000 dtex, more preferably has a linear density between 0.5 and 200 dtex, such as between 0.5 and 5 dtex or between 50 and 150 dtex.
  • Tex is a unit of measure for the linear mass density of fibers and is defined as the mass in grams per 1000 meters. The most commonly used unit is actually the decitex, abbreviated dtex, which is the mass in grams per 10,000 meters.
  • dtex is the mass in grams per 10,000 meters.
  • the fiber content of the aqueous composition provided herein ranges from 0.01 to 5.0 wt%, more preferably ranges from 0.01 to 1 .0 or 2.0 wt%, even more preferably ranges from 0.02 to 0.5 wt%, most preferably ranges from 0.025 to 0.2 wt%. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fiber content in the aqueous fiber composition is about 0.05 wt%.
  • the liquid or aqueous composition comprising a fiber as provided in particular embodiments of the methods and means of the present invention further comprises an adhesive compound for improving the adherence of the fiber to the plant or part thereof.
  • said adhesive compound is a natural, water soluble adhesive agent.
  • Preferred adhesive compounds include water-soluble starch and derivatives thereof, sugars or sugar alcohols, such as sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, trehalose, galactose, raffinose, mannitol or sorbitol, Arabic gum, xanthan gum, pectin, colloidal silica...
  • the adhesive compound is present in the solution at a concentration of 0.1 to 50 wt%, such as 0.1 to 10 wt% or 15 wt%, more preferably is present in a concentration of 0.5 to 3 wt%, even more preferably is present in a concentration of about 1 .0 to 2.0 wt%.
  • said adhesive may also act as a nutritional source for the predatory mites.
  • the aqueous composition comprising a fiber as provided herein may further comprise an additional nutritional source that is not an adhesive.
  • said liquid composition does not comprise pollen, as pollen tend to form lumps in an aqueous environment, thus negatively affecting the quality, shelf life and application of the pollen and/or the fibers.
  • a fungus reducing agent may be added to the liquid fiber composition, particularly aqueous fiber composition provided herein.
  • a fungus reducing agent is any agent reducing fungal growth for example by slowing or preventing fungal growth such as by interfering with fungal metabolism or reducing fungal growth by destruction of fungal biomass.
  • the fungus reducing agent may comprise chemical fungus reducing agents such as a natural or synthetic fungicide, for example a natural fungicide selected from citral, neral, 2,3-epoxyneral, geranial, farnesal, oacaradial, ⁇ - acaradial, or natamycin (pimaricin).
  • a biological fungus reducing agent such as a microbial antagonist or a population of fungivorous mites may be introduced in said plant.
  • a pest repellent agent may be added to the liquid fiber composition.
  • the pest repellent may comprise natural or synthetic chemical repellentia such as essential oils or other aromatic compounds.
  • the liquid composition comprising fibers further includes one or more components modifying plant metabolism or promoting plant growth, such as a fertilizing compound, a plant hormone or an elicitor of plant resistance to disease and/or pests.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber is applied to a plant or part thereof.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber is applied to a plant part or plant structure, i.e. one or more plant parts/structures selected from leafs, stem, trunk, shoots, buds, fruits or fruiting structures, flowers or flowering structures, or resting structures such as bulbs, tubers roots.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber is applied to the upper side and the underside of the leaves or other plant part in about equal proportions, or stated differently, after application about 40-60% of the fibers is present on each side of the leaf.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber is applied preferentially to the upper side or underside of the leaves or other plant part, or stated differently, after application, one side of the leaves or other plant part have about 60 to 100% of the fibers present. Indeed, it has been found that at least some predatory mites prefer the underside of the leaves for laying eggs, such that application of the fibers to the underside of the leaves further promotes the number of eggs laid on the plant. Accordingly, in particular embodiments, the fibers are applied more extensively to the underside of the leaves or other part of the plant.
  • the methods provided herein wherein the composition further comprises an adhesive compound will promote adherence of the fibers to the underside of the plants. In particular embodiments, the methods for application of the liquid composition ensure uniform distribution of the composition over the targeted plant or plant part.
  • the invention relates to applying a liquid composition comprising fibers to a plant part. More particularly this encompasses ensuring that the liquid composition is deposited directly onto the plant or plant part.
  • the liquid composition comprising a fiber is applied to the plant by spraying.
  • the liquid composition is suitable for being applied by spraying or nebulization.
  • Suitable spraying systems include but are not limited to moveable spraying systems comprising a reservoir for carrying the liquid composition, such as portable by hand or on the back, or moveable via a trolley, trailer or tractor, or sprinkle systems.
  • the liquid fiber composition provided herein can be applied by a moveable motor driven liquid sprayer, including but not limited to a portable motor driven backpack liquid sprayer, a motor driven trolley liquid sprayer or a motor driven trailer/tractor liquid sprayer.
  • a motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus ensures a deep penetration of the liquid composition in the tree canopy and generates a turbulent air stream comprising the liquid.
  • the aqueous fiber composition of the present invention forms multiple small aerosol droplets, which due to the turbulent stream (which moves the tree leaves) and the small droplet size allow fiber deposit on both the upper side and underside of the leaves throughout the plant.
  • Alternative methods for depositing a liquid composition on a plant or part thereof can also be provided such as dripping, pouring, or applying with specific means such as a brush, pipette, sponge etc;
  • the methods provided herein also involve the introduction of a predatory mite population on said plant.
  • the term "introducing” as used herein in the context of introducing predatory mites refers to the introduction of predatory mites on or near a plant, organism or item to be protected from pests.
  • the methods involve contacting a mite population or one or more individuals of a mite population with a plant or a plant part thereof.
  • introducing a predatory mite population may comprise contacting or inoculating a plant or part thereof with sexually mature adults from both sexes. Additionally or alternatively, individuals of both sexes of other life stages, e.g. eggs, larvae and/or nymphs, which can mature to sexually mature adults can also be used.
  • the predatory mite population can be introduced via the liquid fiber composition as provided herein, wherein mite eggs are attached to said fiber.
  • the liquid fiber composition as provided herein does not comprise living mites, in particular does not comprise larvae and/or nymphs or adult mites.
  • liquid fiber composition comprising a fiber, and optionally an adhesive as described for use in the methods herein above.
  • said liquid fiber composition may comprise one or more of the following agents, as described herein:
  • an adhesive compound preferably a natural, water soluble adhesive agents.
  • Preferred adhesive compounds include water-soluble starch and derivatives thereof, sugars or sugar alcohols, such as sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, trehalose, galactose, raffinose, mannitol, sorbitol, and the like;
  • the present invention further provides a container comprising a liquid or aqueous composition comprising a fiber as provided herein and as described above.
  • said container comprising a liquid or aqueous composition as provided herein is a part of a spraying apparatus.
  • said container comprising a liquid or aqueous fiber composition corresponds to the reservoir or liquid holding means of a spraying apparatus.
  • said spraying apparatus is a motor driven liquid spraying apparatus, in particular is the motor driven liquid spraying apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention, as detailed below.
  • the composition is distributed and/or stored as a dry composition, for mixing with a liquid before use.
  • the dry composition comprises a fiber and an adhesive.
  • the composition comprising an adhesive and a fiber is provided for mixing with a liquid to obtain a liquid composition.
  • the concentration of the adhesive on the fibers is between 80% and 100%.
  • methods for producing the liquid fiber composition provided herein which comprise combining fiber and an adhesive with a liquid.
  • kits comprising (i) a fiber composition, which upon addition of water or another liquid yields the liquid fiber composition as provided herein, and (ii) a predatory mite population or a source thereof. It will be understood that in particular embodiments, the predatory mite population is provided separately from said fiber composition.
  • said kit comprises a liquid or aqueous fiber composition as provided herein.
  • the fiber composition in the kit comprises a natural or synthetic insoluble fiber, which may have a smooth or coarse surface, which may be solid or hollow and/or which may be crimped or curled.
  • natural fibers include cellulose based fibers, like cotton fibers, hemp or jute fibers, flax fibers, and the like.
  • synthetic fibers include polyamide fibers, such as nylon, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, fibers made from regenerated cellulose, and the like.
  • the fiber length ranges from about 0.5 to 100 mm, more preferably ranges from about 1 or 2 mm to about 10 or 15 mm.
  • the average fiber diameter is in the range of from about 0.5 to about 100 microns.
  • said fiber composition may comprise one or more of the following agents, as described herein:
  • an adhesive compound preferably a natural, water soluble adhesive agents.
  • Preferred adhesive compounds include water-soluble starch and derivatives thereof, sugars or sugar alcohols, such as sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, trehalose, galactose, raffinose, mannitol, sorbitol, and the like;
  • the predatory mite population or source thereof is a container comprising a predatory mite population or source thereof.
  • the container may be of any type which is suitable for restraining mite individuals. It may be open, or closed.
  • the shape of the container is not critical, and may for example be cuboid, cylindrical, etc.
  • the container does not have a fixed shape, and may for example comprise a bag. If closed, the container may comprise means which facilitate exchange of metabolic gases and heat between its interior and its exterior, such as ventilation holes, which may be covered e.g. with e mesh to prevent the escape of individuals of the mite population from the container.
  • the container is adapted to the (controlled) release of mobile stages of the predatory mite in a plant.
  • the container may be provided with one or more apertures which can be opened and closed.
  • said source of a predatory mite population comprises sexually mature adults from both sexes, and/or individuals of both sexes of other life stages, e.g. eggs, larvae and/or nymphs, which can mature to sexually mature adults; and/or fertilized female predatory mites.
  • the inventors have found that particular methods of spraying the composition comprising fibers described herein on the plants are particularly effective for ensuring adequate fiber application to the plants of interest. Accordingly, another aspect of the present invention provides a device for applying the fiber compositions provided herein.
  • the present invention also provides a moveable motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus, preferably a trailer or trolley motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus or a portable motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus, such as a motor driven backpack liquid sprayer apparatus, adapted to spray the aqueous composition comprising fibers as provided herein in a uniform way.
  • a moveable motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus preferably a trailer or trolley motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus or a portable motor driven liquid sprayer apparatus, such as a motor driven backpack liquid sprayer apparatus, adapted to spray the aqueous composition comprising fibers as provided herein in a uniform way.
  • Said motor driven liquid spraying apparatus comprises (i) a reservoir or container (1 ) configured for containing the liquid to be sprayed, in particular the liquid fiber composition as provided herein, wherein said container (1 ) comprises an outlet passage for the liquid to be sprayed; (ii) a motor powered pump assembly (not shown in figure 1 ) for dispensing the liquid through a spraying means, typically through a manually controlled wand (not shown in figure) equipped with a spray nozzle, wherein the inlet port of said pump assembly is connected with the outlet passage of said reservoir by tubings and wherein the outlet port of said pump assembly is connected with the dispensing wand; further comprising (iii) means for regulating or interrupting the liquid flow adapted to avoid fiber induced liquid blockages, preferably a pinch valve or a ball valve (2); and/or (iv) a stirring means or a means for suspending the fiber in the liquid solution (3), preferably an axial-flow or radial-flow impeller, more preferably an axial-flow imp
  • the spray nozzle has one or more openings that correspond to the size of the fiber.
  • the one or more openings of the spray nozzle have a diameter of 100-150 ⁇ .
  • the ratio of the diameter of the impeller (d), in particular an axial flow impeller, to the diameter or width of the reservoir (1 ) (D) ranges from about 0.3 to about 0.6, preferably ranges from about 0.4 to about 0.5 ( Figure 2).
  • the impeller is positioned at a distance (C) from the bottom of the reservoir (1 ) ranging from about 1/3 of the impeller diameter to about 1 ⁇ 2 of the reservoir diameter or reservoir width.
  • the impeller is configured to limit or to avoid the fibers sticking or adhering to the impeller.
  • the reservoir (1 ) comprises baffles attached to the wall of the reservoir to interrupt the circular flow induced by the impeller, particularly in cylindrical reservoirs, and to promote the even dispersion of the fibers in the reservoir.
  • Said motor powered pump assembly may comprise an internal combustion engine or may be electric powered, such as a battery operated motor assembly.
  • said motorized liquid sprayer apparatus comprises fixing means to securely attach the sprayer apparatus to the back of a person, such as straps which may be attached to the upper and optionally also the lower portions of the sprayer apparatus.
  • the methods and means for the biological control of plant pests by predatory mites described herein may thus be used for protecting any plant, organism or item for which biological control of pests, more particularly mites is desired.
  • said plant is a herbaceous crop, a vine, an ornamental plant or a tree crop plant.
  • the methods and means of the present invention is particularly suited for the biological protection of plants or plant structures having little or no domatia or trichomes, in part having little or no non-glandular trichomes, such as hairs.
  • Exemplary plants include herbaceous crops, such as some brassicas, grape, ornamental plants, such as roses, or tree crops (e.g. pear trees, Citrus spp.).
  • Example 1 Behaviour of predatory mites on plants without trichomes
  • first set up two groups of six plants were used.
  • first group 5 leaves of each citrus plant were inoculated with 4 fibers of about 1 - 1 .5 cm and 5 predatory mites were introduced on each leaf with fibers.
  • second (control group) 5 leaves were marked on each citrus plant, no fibers were applied and 5 predatory mites were introduced on each marked leaf. Plant pollen were provided as a source of nutrients for the mites.
  • a third setup the mite egg laying on the top or underside of a leaf of a citrus plant was evaluated.
  • Three groups of six plants were used: a first group was used as the control group and no fibers were applied to the leaves, but 5 leaves were marked & 5 predatory mites were introduced on the marked leaves.
  • the top surface of 5 leaves of each plant were inoculated with 4 fibers of about 1 - 1 .5 cm and 5 predatory mites were introduced on each leaf with fibers.
  • the third group was treated as the second group, but with the fibers applied on the underside of the leaves.
  • plant pollen were provided as a nutritional source for the mites.
  • spraying systems in agriculture such as spray booms and spray wands have color coded nozzles (SO 10625:2005).
  • plants were sprayed with a 0.05wt% fiber-in-water dispersion, using a Birchmeier Profi Star 5 hand spraying system with Blue nozzle wherein all filters were removed from the hand spraying system, including the filter from the spraying wand/spraying nozzle. Spraying was at a pressure of 4 bar. Care was taken to fully disperse the fiber in the water by shaking the sprayer before use.
  • DralonX fibre (0.05 wt%) in water; (2) DralonX fibre (0.05 wt%) in water + 1 % starch; (3) DralonX fibre (0.05 wt%) in water + 0.5% sugar; (4) DralonX fibre (0.05 wt%) in water + 1 % sugar.
  • composition was sprayed over a group of six citrus plants (height 40 cm) using a Birchmaier Profi Star 5 sprayer with gray nozzle.
  • the effect of the wind was simulated using a Makita BUB182 blower, positioned at 2m of the plants. 5 leaves were marked and the number of fibers were counted before and after the blowing treatment.
  • Example 4 Fiber application via a motorized backpack spraying apparatus
  • Motorized sprayers that are portable on the back of a person are widely used in orchards for spraying crop trees. Indeed, trees are characterized by thick stems, lots of leaves and a small number of trees per area.
  • a motorized sprayer apparatus particularly with air assistance, is ideally suited for the spraying of a liquid on both sides of the leaf, including those leaves in the center of the tree. Indeed, a turbulent air stream comprising the liquid is generated which leads to the formation of multiple small aerosol droplets, which are attracted by the leaves. The turbulent air stream also moves the leaves and branches in different directions, ensuring an excellent dispersion of the sprayed liquid throughout the tree.
  • the inventors have looked at the motorized spraying apparatus for applying the fibers to the crop plants.
  • Dralon X is an acrylic fiber.
  • the type II fibers were synthetic polylactide fibers.
  • the different fibers were attached on a plastic plate and placed in a circle or equidistant from a central point.
  • Female mites (Amblyseius swirskii ) and Typha pollen as a food source were placed in the central area.
  • the fiber preference for egg laying was assessed by counting the number of eggs on the different fibers.
  • Type 11.2 Synthetic fiber, 100 dtex (textured fiber)
  • Type 11.3 Synthetic fiber, 160 dtex
  • Type I & Type II fibers were further assessed, wherein the different fibers were placed in a hexagon formation, alternating between type I & Type II, with 15 female mites and pollen placed in the center. Unhatched eggs were counted after 2 and 13 days. Table 4. Number of eggs per fiber type
  • the best fibers for oviposition were the type 11.1 50 dtex & and II.2 100 dtex synthetic fibers.
  • Type II.2 fiber had a different fiber outline/shape, indicating that fiber architecture may play a role as well.
  • Type II.2 fibers either straight or curled, were attached on a plastic plate and placed equidistant from a central point.
  • Female mites Amblyseius swirskii
  • Typha pollen as a food source were placed in the central area.
  • the preference for egg laying was assessed by counting the number of eggs on the different fibers after 1 day and after 2 days. Table 5. Number of eggs per fiber type

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des procédés pour la lutte biologique contre les parasites agricoles en favorisant la croissance et le développement d'acariens prédateurs par l'augmentation l'attractivité de la plante à l'acarien prédateur, en particulier dans le cas de plantes ne présentant pas de trichomes. Lesdits procédés comprennent l'application d'une composition fibreuse liquide, comprenant de préférence un agent adhésif approprié, à une plante ou à une partie de celle-ci et la mise en contact d'une population d'acariens prédateurs avec ladite plante.
EP16778250.7A 2015-09-25 2016-09-23 Utilisation des dispersion aqueoux aux fibre pour amelioration de lutte antiparasitaire biologique par acarien predateur Withdrawn EP3352569A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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NL2015508A NL2015508B1 (en) 2015-09-25 2015-09-25 Improved plant biological control by predatory mites.
PCT/EP2016/072645 WO2017050950A2 (fr) 2015-09-25 2016-09-23 Lutte biologique améliorée pour les végétaux à l'aide d'acariens prédateurs

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CN109699593B (zh) * 2019-03-14 2024-02-13 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 一种果树害螨的饲养装置及使用方法
CN111700037B (zh) * 2020-06-24 2022-04-01 潮州中天农业科技有限公司 一种捕食螨数量检测方法
EP4245131A4 (fr) * 2020-11-13 2024-02-28 Chuetsu-Pulp and Paper Co., Ltd Dispersion liquide destinée à être utilisée en amélioration d'environnement et procédé pour l'amélioration d'un environnement
CN112827695A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-25 安徽省文胜生物工程股份有限公司 一种提高稻虾产量的生物助剂的配料装置及其使用方法
CN112913789B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2022-06-03 贵州大学 一种以香蒲花粉为饲料的捕食螨饲养方法

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