EP3353330A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une matière brute pour la fabrication de composants métalliques présentant des zones de différentes résistances - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une matière brute pour la fabrication de composants métalliques présentant des zones de différentes résistances

Info

Publication number
EP3353330A1
EP3353330A1 EP16760725.8A EP16760725A EP3353330A1 EP 3353330 A1 EP3353330 A1 EP 3353330A1 EP 16760725 A EP16760725 A EP 16760725A EP 3353330 A1 EP3353330 A1 EP 3353330A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
region
starting material
thermal energy
supplied
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16760725.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stéphane GRAFF
Sascha Sikora
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG, ThyssenKrupp AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Publication of EP3353330A1 publication Critical patent/EP3353330A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1294—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a localised treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components with regions of different strength.
  • Components with regions of different strength are used for example in the automotive industry. In such components increased strengths are usually provided in such areas, which should deform only slightly in the event of a crash. In contrast, areas of low strength can deform more in the event of a crash and absorb the high impact energies occurring in the event of a crash.
  • tempering is a hot forming process in which, as a rule, coated starting materials, for example coated forming blanks, are in a temperature range of Heated 880 ° C to 950 ° C and then hot-formed in a forming tool.
  • the forming tool has a plurality of temperature zones, through which the sheet is cooled at different speeds. This creates a component with locally different strength properties. In the rapidly cooled areas, a martensitic material structure is formed, so that these areas have an increased strength. Such areas, which are cooled slowly, have a reduced strength. This method has been well proven in practice, however, it has proved to be disadvantageous that a relatively high amount of time is required to produce the soft areas.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce the time required for the production of metallic components with regionally different strength properties.
  • the object is achieved by a method for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components with areas of different strength, wherein
  • thermal energy is supplied to a first region of the starting material, which is provided uncoated, so that the first region is heated and the material structure in the first region is at least partially converted to austenite, while a second region of the starting material is not thermal Energy is supplied, and
  • the first region is cooled, so that the material structure in the first region is at least partially converted into martensite.
  • the uncoated starting material is hardened in a first region, so that a first region is obtained with an increased strength compared to a second region. It is not necessary to heat the second region and allow it to cool slowly to obtain regions with a reduced strength compared to the first region. As a result, the time required to produce regions with different strength properties can be reduced. Furthermore, a component with regions of different strength can be produced by cold forming, in particular by deep drawing or roll profiling.
  • the uncoated starting material is preferably iron-containing, particularly preferably a steel material.
  • the uncoated starting material may be formed as a hot strip, which is obtained by hot rolling.
  • the uncoated starting material may be a cold strip obtained by cold rolling.
  • the uncoated starting material can be configured as a shaping plate.
  • Such molded blanks can be obtained for example by separating from a hot strip or a cold strip.
  • the molding board already has a two-dimensional basic shape of the component to be produced.
  • the uncoated starting material preferably has no layer applied to the surface of the starting material. Most preferably, the uncoated starting material is not galvanized or galvanized.
  • the use of an uncoated starting material does not have to worry that the heating of the first region and / or the subsequent rapid cooling of the first region will result in undesirable changes to the primary material and / or any coating of the primary material.
  • An advantageous embodiment provides that the thermal energy is supplied via a laser.
  • the laser makes it possible to focus the energy emitted by it on a predetermined area, so that this area heats up.
  • the thermal energy can be supplied via one or more induction coils. Via the induction coil, it is possible to inductively heat the first region.
  • the first region of the starting material is strip-shaped.
  • a strip-shaped starting material such as a hot strip or a cold strip
  • a strip-shaped first region with increased strength can be produced by the strip-shaped starting material is first supplied to a power supply device, such as a laser or an induction coil and is subsequently cooled.
  • the cooling can be done by the strip-shaped starting material is passed to a cooling device after being led to the energy supply.
  • a gaseous and / or liquid cooling medium can be applied to the first region of the starting material in order to cool the starting material in the first region.
  • the first region - which thermal energy is supplied - a plurality of strip-shaped first portions, which are separated by a strip-shaped second portion of the second region - the thermal energy is not supplied to each other.
  • a starting material can be obtained, which has alternating, strip-shaped areas with high and low strength.
  • Such starting material can be used in the manufacture of such components for the automotive industry, which absorb impact energy in the event of a crash and thereby deform controlled, such as a crash box or a side member.
  • the alternating strip-shaped regions of different strength can be folded like an accordion in the event of a crash.
  • a plurality of adjacent strip-shaped first sections have an identical center-to-center distance, so that in the event of a crash, substantially uniform wrinkling may occur.
  • the strip-shaped first sections may also have an identical width.
  • a plurality of adjacent stripe-shaped first portions may be formed to have different center-to-center distances. By choosing different center-to-center distances, an uneven folding behavior of the component in the event of a crash can be set.
  • thermal energy is supplied to a third region of the starting material in the first step such that the third region is heated to a higher temperature than the first region and that the third region is likewise cooled in the second step. In this way, a higher proportion of the material structure can be converted to austenite in the third area than in the first area. In the subsequent cooling of the first region and the third region, a higher strength is achieved in the third region than in the first region. In this respect, it is possible to produce in the starting material different areas with individually increased strength.
  • the starting material has a material thickness and the thermal energy is distributed in the first region inhomogeneously distributed over the material thickness.
  • the thermal energy is not distributed uniformly over the entire material thickness supplied, but only a selected portion of the material cross-section is subjected to an increased thermal energy, while another portion of the material cross-section is not or only slightly applied with thermal energy.
  • an area can be produced in the starting material, which has an inhomogeneous distributed over the material thickness strength profile.
  • the inhomogeneous supply of energy preferably takes place via a laser, it being possible to set a maximum of the energy output via an optic of the laser.
  • the material thickness of the starting material is preferably greater than 2 mm, particularly preferably greater than 3 mm.
  • the primary material is transformed by cold rolling and / or by semi-warm rolling.
  • Cold rolling is to be understood in this context as rolling of the starting material at room temperature.
  • semi-hot rolling a rolling of the starting material is understood at a half-warm-rolling temperature which is higher than the room temperature. , wherein the semi-warm-rolling temperature is selected such that the starting material is not austenitized.
  • the starting material can be wound up after the thermal energy has been supplied to the first region, in particular onto a coil. During winding, individual layers of the starting material can come into contact with one another, so that the thermal energy absorbed in the heated first region can be dissipated into other layers of the starting material. As a result, the cooling of the first region can be promoted.
  • the primary material is formed by pressing, in particular in a plate press.
  • thermal energy can be dissipated into a pressing tool, in particular a pressing plate, the press, so that the cooling of the starting material is supported.
  • the pressing tool, in particular the pressing plate is actively cooled.
  • the starting material is coated in a third step following the second step.
  • the surface of the primary material can be protected from corrosion and / or from external influences, without having to fear that the coating will be influenced by the heating and cooling.
  • the starting material is coated electrolytically, for example electrolytically galvanized.
  • the starting material can be fire-coated, in particular hot-dip galvanized.
  • a device for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components with regions of different strength also contributes, comprising:
  • an energy supply device for supplying thermal energy to the starting material, which is uncoated, in a first region, so that the first region is heated and the material structure in the first region is at least partially converted to austenite, while no material is present in a second region of the starting material thermal energy is supplied, and
  • a cooling device for cooling the first region, so that the material structure in the first region is at least partially converted into martensite.
  • the energy supply device preferably has a laser or an induction coil.
  • the device has a conveyor for conveying the semi-finished material in a transport direction.
  • a plurality of energy supply means are provided, which are arranged spaced apart along a transversely, in particular perpendicular, arranged to the transport direction transverse direction, so that the starting material can be passed to the energy supply.
  • a plurality of cooling devices are provided, which are likewise arranged spaced apart along a transverse direction. The cooling devices are preferably arranged such that the starting material conveyed along the transport direction is guided first past the energy supply devices and then past the cooling devices.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device for producing a starting material for the production of metallic components with areas of different strength in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 1 shows by way of example a device 1 by means of which primary materials 10 for metallic components with regions of different strength for the automotive industry are produced.
  • the device 1 is supplied with an uncoated starting material 10, preferably made of a steel material, particularly preferably of a manganese-boron steel, which is designed in strip form.
  • the starting material 10 may be warm act tape or cold strip.
  • the starting material 10 is provided wound on a coil 2. During processing, the starting material 10 is unwound from the coil 2 and conveyed via a conveying device, not shown, in a transport direction T.
  • the starting material 10 is initially passed by means of the conveyor to a plurality of energy supply means 3, via which a first region 5 of the starting material 10 thermal energy is supplied.
  • the first region 5 is heated above the Ac1 temperature of the starting material 10, preferably above the Ac3 temperature of the starting material 10, and the material structure in the first region 5 at least partially, preferably completely, turns into austenite.
  • the energy supply devices 3 introduce the thermal energy exclusively into the first region 5 of the starting material 10.
  • a second region 6 of the starting material 10 which does not reach the area of influence of the energy supply devices 3 when the starting material 10 passes the energy supply devices 3, is not subjected to thermal energy. This means that in the second region - in contrast to the first region - no transformation of the material structure into austenite occurs.
  • the energy supply means 3 are arranged spaced apart on a straight line which runs along a transverse direction Q, which is arranged perpendicular to the transport direction T.
  • the energy supply devices 3 each have a laser or an induction coil. Due to the spaced arrangement of the energy supply means 3, a first region 5 is generated, which has strip-shaped first sections 5.1, 5.2, which are each separated by a strip-shaped second section 6.1 of the second region 6.
  • adjacent strip-shaped first sections 5.1, 5.2 have different center-to-center distances.
  • strip-shaped sections of the first region 5 can be produced which have identical center-to-center distances.
  • the starting material 10 is guided past several cooling devices 4.
  • the cooling devices 4 By means of the cooling devices 4, the heated first region 5 of the starting material 10 is cooled in such a way that the material structure in the first region at least partially changes into martensite. Thus, a first region 5 is obtained, which has a relation to the second region 6 increased strength.
  • the cooling devices 4 are arranged spaced apart on a straight line which runs along a transverse direction Q, which is arranged perpendicular to the transport direction T. The distances of the cooling devices 4 are selected such that a section 5.1, 5.2 of the first region 5 is supplied to a cooling device 4 after being heated by an energy supply device 3.
  • a gaseous and / or liquid cooling medium is applied to the starting material 10, in particular the first region 5 of the starting material 10.
  • the uncoated starting material 10 is cured in the first region 5, wherein the second region 6 is not cured and substantially retains its original strength. Heating of the second region 6 is not required.
  • the starting material 10 is cold-rolled and / or semi-hot rolled.
  • the starting material 10 is coated (galvanized), for example by an electrolytic coating process or fire-coating.
  • the thermal energy is introduced differently via a plurality of energy supply devices 3 in such a way that a higher temperature is achieved in a third region than in the first region 5.
  • a temperature between the Ac1 temperature and the Ac3 temperature and in the third range a temperature above the Ac3 temperature of the starting material 1 can be set.
  • a higher portion of the structure is austenitized than in the first region 5.
  • both the first region 5 and the third region are cooled, so that in the first region 5 and in the third region a martensitic Material structure is formed, wherein the third region has a relation to the first region increased strength.
  • the thermal energy in the first region and / or in the third region can be supplied in an inhomogeneous manner over the material thickness of the starting material 10.
  • an inhomogeneous distributed over the material thickness strength profile can be generated.
  • the supply of energy is preferably carried out via a laser, wherein a maximum of the energy output can be adjusted via an optical system of the laser.
  • the laser can be focused such that a maximum of the supplied thermal energy is arranged in an inner region of the starting material. This is a first region and / or third Beriech generated in which the surfaces of the semi-finished material have a lower strength than the inner region.
  • a starting material 10 is used, which is designed as an uncoated molding board.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une matière brute pour la fabrication de composants métalliques présentant des zones de différentes résistances, procédé selon lequel, dans une première étape, de l'énergie thermique est apportée à une première zone de la matière brute qui est produite de manière non revêtue, de telle sorte la première zone est chauffée et que la structure de matière dans la première zone est transformée au moins partiellement en austénite, tandis qu'aucune énergie thermique n'est apportée à une deuxième zone de la matière brute, et dans une deuxième étape, consécutive à la première étape, la première zone est refroidie, de telle sorte que la structure de matière dans la première zone est transformée au moins partiellement en martensite. L'invention concerne également un dispositif correspondant.
EP16760725.8A 2015-09-22 2016-09-06 Procédé de fabrication d'une matière brute pour la fabrication de composants métalliques présentant des zones de différentes résistances Withdrawn EP3353330A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015116014.5A DE102015116014B3 (de) 2015-09-22 2015-09-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vormaterials für die Herstellung von metallischen Bauteilen mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Festigkeit
PCT/EP2016/070929 WO2017050559A1 (fr) 2015-09-22 2016-09-06 Procédé de fabrication d'une matière brute pour la fabrication de composants métalliques présentant des zones de différentes résistances

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3353330A1 true EP3353330A1 (fr) 2018-08-01

Family

ID=56877046

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16760725.8A Withdrawn EP3353330A1 (fr) 2015-09-22 2016-09-06 Procédé de fabrication d'une matière brute pour la fabrication de composants métalliques présentant des zones de différentes résistances

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20180274051A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3353330A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2018532882A (fr)
KR (1) KR20180055864A (fr)
CN (1) CN108026602B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015116014B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017050559A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170247774A1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Continuous tailor heat-treated blanks
DE102018121770A1 (de) * 2018-09-06 2020-03-12 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Bandes aus umwandlungsfähigem Stahl als Vormaterial für ein Bauteil mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Festigkeiten
CN208797098U (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-04-26 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 极片辊压装置
AT16583U3 (de) * 2019-09-06 2020-12-15 Voestalpine Krems Gmbh Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung mindestens eines, zumindest in einem Teilabschnitt gehärteten Stahlprofils
CN112481466B (zh) * 2020-10-30 2022-10-28 四川惊雷科技股份有限公司 碳钢-不锈钢复合板的补救热处理工艺

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JPH06330165A (ja) * 1993-05-14 1994-11-29 Mazda Motor Corp プレス成形品の製造方法
DE19743802C2 (de) * 1996-10-07 2000-09-14 Benteler Werke Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formbauteils
JP2001150050A (ja) * 1999-11-25 2001-06-05 Nippon Steel Corp 金属管のハイドロフォーム加工法
JP2001234234A (ja) * 2000-02-25 2001-08-28 Fuji Electronics Industry Co Ltd 板状ワークの高周波焼入装置
JP3910396B2 (ja) * 2001-10-09 2007-04-25 高周波熱錬株式会社 鋼板の高周波焼入装置
DE102007024797A1 (de) * 2007-05-26 2008-11-27 Linde + Wiemann Gmbh Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Profilbauteils, Profilbauteil und Verwendung eines Profilbauteils
DE102008049178B4 (de) * 2008-09-26 2018-02-22 Bilstein Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Festigkeit aus Kaltband
AT509596B1 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren zum erwärmen eines formbauteils für ein anschliessendes presshärten sowie durchlaufofen zum bereichsweisen erwärmen eines auf eine vorgegebene temperatur vorgewärmten formbauteils auf eine höhere temperatur
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015116014B3 (de) 2017-01-26
JP2018532882A (ja) 2018-11-08
CN108026602B (zh) 2020-07-28
WO2017050559A1 (fr) 2017-03-30
CN108026602A (zh) 2018-05-11
US20180274051A1 (en) 2018-09-27
KR20180055864A (ko) 2018-05-25

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