EP3370370B1 - Kommunikationsverfahren für die bestandteile eines stromversorgungsnetzes und vorrichtungen zur umsetzung dieses verfahrens - Google Patents

Kommunikationsverfahren für die bestandteile eines stromversorgungsnetzes und vorrichtungen zur umsetzung dieses verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3370370B1
EP3370370B1 EP18162717.5A EP18162717A EP3370370B1 EP 3370370 B1 EP3370370 B1 EP 3370370B1 EP 18162717 A EP18162717 A EP 18162717A EP 3370370 B1 EP3370370 B1 EP 3370370B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
network
circuit breaker
address
elements
communication
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EP18162717.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3370370A1 (de
Inventor
Thierry Schuffenecker
Roland Kogler
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L12/2807—Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/0806—Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/5014—Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5408—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines using protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5445—Local network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5454—Adapter and plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5458—Monitor sensor; Alarm systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L12/2816—Controlling appliance services of a home automation network by calling their functionalities
    • H04L12/2818—Controlling appliance services of a home automation network by calling their functionalities from a device located outside both the home and the home network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L2012/284—Home automation networks characterised by the type of medium used
    • H04L2012/2843—Mains power line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L2012/2847—Home automation networks characterised by the type of home appliance used
    • H04L2012/285—Generic home appliances, e.g. refrigerators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to domestic and / or industrial electrical energy supply networks and more specifically to a communication method for the constituent elements of an electrical energy distribution network and to devices for implementing the method.
  • the patent EP1349340 also describes a method for controlling a home appliance network comprising an IP sharing unit assigning private IP addresses or port numbers respectively to a large number of home appliances connected to the power supply network.
  • the electrical energy distribution network and its constituent elements such as circuit breakers, switches, electrical outlets etc ... stay completely out of communication protocols.
  • a first system of the type mentioned above is the IN-ONE BY LEGRAND system (registered trademark) marketed by the LEGRAND company.
  • This system allows the integration of a "scenario" control module for switching on or off light points.
  • This system is based on the use of switches that can be remotely controlled by carrier currents or by radio waves ....
  • a specific switch is used that can be controlled manually or by carrier current or, alternatively, a conventional switch is placed behind a micro-box allowing a manual switching circuit (via the switch placed in front of the box) or by power line.
  • This system although it already brings a clear improvement to this need for flexibility in the remote control, does not lead to a complete and completely programmable solution of the various modules of the electrical panel.
  • TéBIS Another known solution is marketed by the HAGER company under the TéBIS brand ...
  • This solution is based on a set of communicating switches and bus output modules for lighting variation making it possible to achieve lighting management or electrical distribution.
  • the communication between these elements is done by radio waves or by a specific bus comprising a crossed pair on which communicates a protocol designated by KNX.
  • a remote control association process facilitates the association of control switches and lighting output models.
  • the known TéBIS solution provides for the communication of switches via an INTRANET network or the INTERNET network by means of a specific box which is a gateway allowing access to a pre-existing LAN ...
  • the patent US6,005,759 describes the organization of a so-called DNP or Distributed Network Protocol network within an electrical power distribution network comprising a set of substations each comprising a LAN (Local Area Network).
  • this patent in no way describes the organization of an architecture based on the IP protocol directly within an electrical distribution network for a “domestic” installation.
  • the patent WO03058481 pursues further the realization of a DNP type network allowing the communication of information concerning devices power distribution premises and integrates the installation of a WEB type server in such a network. But here too, the devices constituting the electrical power distribution network do not communicate by means of the IP protocol. Furthermore, these embodiments in no way concern the installation of a home network at the subscriber's premises.
  • the patent EP1062648 describes the realization of a remote access to electricity meters using the TCP / IP suite. This embodiment neither describes nor suggests the integration of the TCP / IP protocol directly within the domestic energy distribution network and in particular in the various components or modules (circuit breakers, sockets, DCL, etc.). In the patent EP1062648 , we note in particular that the meters communicate via a local bus network designated CEBUS
  • EP1128604 describes a device allowing adaptation to a deployable processor in the field of the construction of management systems for command, regulation, monitoring and / or reporting applications.
  • the equipment includes an interface for connection to an equipment or an application, with other interfaces, connection to a communication network, illustrated by the EIB (Euro installation bus) LON, BACnet, a convergence system or of KNX.
  • EIB Euro installation bus
  • DE102004025056 describes a method and a device for restricting access to a network with media shared by several participants.
  • the method involves assembling a logical network structure by assigning IP addresses to subscribers and monitoring data transmission in the network, eg, household power line system. Monitoring consists of detecting IP addresses to identify subscribers of a different IP network who are subsequently excluded.
  • US2005 / 0180561 describes a method and a device allowing the evolution of an existing service connector (eg LAN, telephone, electrical outlet or TV outlet) within a home by adding an appropriate functionality.
  • the functionality is provided by the addition of a juxtaposed module, electrically connected and mechanically fixed to the existing connector. Different fixing methods are described.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the object of the present invention is to allow the complete integration of the TCP / IP protocol directly within a domestic or industrial energy distribution network and the constituent elements of this network, such as circuit breakers, electrical outlets and control devices. terminal connection.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method of communication between the constituent elements of an electrical energy supply network. for a domestic or industrial installation, which significantly improves the flexibility and functionality of the network as well as its future expansion possibilities.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to provide an electrical device or module intended for a subscriber electrical panel jointly performing the functions of electrical circuit breaker and router conforming to the IP protocol for a communicating electrical energy distribution network.
  • the IP addresses can be assigned manually or via a protocol such as DHCP, BootP or RARP based on the MAC addresses stored in the first and second memory circuits, respectively.
  • the address assignment is carried out by means of a DHCP server located within a circuit breaker.
  • the exchange of packets is provided by at least one circuit breaker integrating the function of router ensuring the exchange of packets between two subnetworks.
  • the communication between said first element and said second element is effected by powerline carrier current of the CPL (Line Carrier Current) type, which will always be possible as soon as two phase and neutral conductors are available.
  • the communication between said first element and said second element is effected by radio waves.
  • said first constituent element is a switch and said second constituent element is an electrical outlet, for example of the 2P + T type on the wall, or else a socket intended to allow the connection of an electric bulb.
  • the method further comprises a step of communication with a circuit breaker, differential or not, provided with IP communication means and receiving its own IP address.
  • IP commands which are directly conveyed within the network, either by PLC or by radio waves, and which are exchanged by the components of the electrical distribution network which are at the same time servers or IP client.
  • the electrical network of a domestic installation can take advantage of the richness of the IP protocol and, furthermore, which is not a lesser advantage, become completely independent from the suppliers of electrical equipment.
  • the invention allows the possibility of communication between any two elements of the network, therefore allowing a wide variety of new functions.
  • a communicating circuit breaker can now communicate with connection devices or devices connected on its own circuit, thus allowing statistical calculations on consumption, or the reporting of operating conditions or error situations.
  • the communicating elements also having their own IP address become perfectly accessible elsewhere from an Intranet network or from the Internet network and become controllable remotely.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to produce switches, 2P + E sockets for example, and DLC light connection devices for implementing the method.
  • IP packet or IP datagram can allow control of the 2P + T outlet which then becomes a controlled outlet.
  • IP packet or IP datagram can allow control of the light connection device which thus becomes remotely controllable.
  • the circuit breaker thus becomes communicating via the IP protocol, thus opening the way to many new possibilities and functions.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a DHCP, BootP or RARP server, possibly disengageable, making it possible to assign, according to a protocol such as DHCP ( Dynamic Hoste Control Process ) for example IP addresses (IPV4 or IPV6 for example) to the different components of the network.
  • DHCP Dynamic Hoste Control Process
  • IP addresses IPV4 or IPV6 for example
  • the circuit breaker integrates a router provided with means for storing routing tables, in order to ensure the routing of the IP packets generated from and routed to the communication elements belonging to a LAN subnetwork.
  • the circuit breaker comprises means for simultaneously providing all the routing functions required by all the LAN subnetworks such that a single circuit breaker provides routing for the entire electrical network.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a standby mode (Stand-by) making it possible to replace an operational circuit breaker, its own router functions and its routing tables in the event of a malfunction of the latter.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a removable electronic circuit allowing the replacement of defective electronic elements.
  • the figure 1a illustrates a general architecture of a communicating electrical energy distribution network in accordance with the present invention.
  • the example of a single-phase network will be considered more particularly and a person skilled in the art will easily adapt the invention to a three-phase network.
  • the network illustrated - intentionally simplified to facilitate understanding of the principle of the invention consists of a subscriber's electrical panel 1 of the single-phase type, possibly a subscriber's electrical meter 2 and a main differential circuit breaker 3 installed by the national operator - or one of the national operators - distributing electrical energy. It should be noted that, most often, the meter 2 is found relocated outside the subscriber's home.
  • the subscriber panel of the communicating network in accordance with the present invention furthermore comprises a set of communicating circuit breakers 11, 12, 13 and 14 respectively intended for protection against overloading of circuits 110 120, 130 and 140.
  • the communicating circuit breaker 11 is a 16 amp differential circuit breaker, protecting a heating circuit 110 composed of an electric cable having a section of 2.5 mm2 and supplying a radiator 111 via a device of connection 112.
  • circuit breaker 12 is a 16 amp differential circuit breaker protecting a circuit 120 comprising a set of communicating electrical outlets 2P + T 121-124, which will be described below.
  • Circuit breaker 13 is a second 10 Amp differential circuit breaker protecting a circuit 130 of luminaires comprising a light connection device assembly (DCL) 131 -134, as well as a communicating switch 135.
  • DCL light connection device assembly
  • Circuit breaker 13 is a third 10-amp differential circuit breaker protecting a lighting circuit 130 comprising a light connection device assembly (DCL) 131 -134, as well as a first communicating switch 135.
  • DCL light connection device assembly
  • the circuit breaker 14 is a fourth differential circuit breaker itself also protecting a lighting circuit 140 comprising a second communicating switch 141 and a light connection device (DCL) 142.
  • DCL light connection device
  • the architecture of the communicating network according to the invention is entirely in accordance with a conventional wired installation, except that the conventional elements such as circuit breakers, sockets, switches and switching devices are replaced.
  • light connection (DCL) the versions which will be presented below.
  • circuit breakers 11-14 all the constituent elements of the network, such as circuit breakers 11-14, electrical outlets 121-123, light connection devices (DCL) 131-134 and 142, as well as the switches 135 and 141 are provided with electronic circuits making it possible to receive an address according to the IP protocol and, as a result, become perfectly communicating within the network itself.
  • DCL light connection devices
  • IP addresses are assigned via a DHCP server which, in a particular embodiment, will be integrated into the subscriber circuit breaker 2, which will also serve as a gateway for the INTERNET network, thus opening the possibility for the national supplier of electrical energy - for example EDF in France - to become very simply an Access Provider for the Internet network (ISP in French or ISP for Anglo-Saxons - Internet Access Provider ), authorizing, as we will see below, a wide variety of new functions for domestic appliances connected to the network.
  • ISP Internet French or ISP for Anglo-Saxons - Internet Access Provider
  • IP protocols such as PING, for example, allowing the accessibility of an element to be tested.
  • a switch and a light connection device become “communicating” and can be associated which allows, very simply, the programming of a switching on or off of a luminaire connected to the terminal connection device by the considered switch.
  • the terminal connection device can then also be “associated” with this new switch and there is The result is then, very simply, a device of the "two-way” type extremely easy to produce and which, moreover, does not require any modification to the network cabling other than the respective replacement of the two switches and of the terminal connection device. by their “communicating” versions in accordance with the present invention. Likewise, a “timer” function could easily be achieved, controlled by the combination of a switch and a communicating socket according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention eliminates the need to carry out specific Ethernet cabling since it will be possible, and this will be particularly visible with the second embodiment described below, to integrate an architecture " communicating ”directly within the electricity network.
  • any domestic electrical appliance simply connected to the network becomes, with the method according to the invention, a communicating element which is integrated into the network and benefits from the possibilities offered by the latter. Indeed, connecting this device to the network will allow it to receive, in addition to the electrical energy required for its operation, the parameters necessary for remote communication (IP address, network mask and gateway) via the Internet network.
  • the method of the invention thus makes it possible to completely combine the distribution of energy and the supply of communication via the domestic energy distribution network and this in a completely transparent manner for the user.
  • the Tébis process from the HAGER company it is in no way necessary for the user to invest in setting up a network, in particular to introduce a "gateway. "in its electrical cabinet, to allow communication via the Internet network.
  • each component of the network for example the switches and lighting connection devices (DCL)
  • DCL switches and lighting connection devices
  • a device for example a household appliance such as a dishwasher that the user will connect to the network via its socket, will automatically receive the necessary configuration parameters via its power supply socket (IP address, network mask and gateway or Gateway address ) to any communication via the Internet network, and in particular to the manufacturer's maintenance servers ...
  • IP address IP address, network mask and gateway or Gateway address
  • the invention has the advantage of rendering completely unnecessary another means of accessing the Internet, in particular based on a subscription with a specific access provider. Furthermore, the invention also does not require the establishment of wireless networks (of the WIFI type) to allow communication via the Internet network since, at any point in the subscriber's home, a domestic device simultaneously receives its current. electrical and communication possibilities via the Internet.
  • the figure 1b illustrates an example of a method of associating a communicating switch with another communicating element, such as a luminaire for example.
  • the procedure starts with a step 1010 corresponding to a command to configure the switch 114.
  • This configuration may result, for example, from a series of ten switchings performed by the user and placing the switch in a configuration mode. .
  • the method then continues with a similar step 1020, of placing the second element - such as a DCL 131 - in a configuration mode.
  • a step 1030 the two elements exchange their respective IP addresses thus creating an association between them.
  • the association information is transmitted by broadcast to the network so as to allow this association to be saved at one or more central points.
  • the method confirms the association made, for example by controlling the flashing of the luminaire.
  • each constituent element of the network has an IP address, it is possible to come and control any element of the network from another element of the network. It will be noted in particular that it is even possible for the switch 141 - arranged in the circuit 140 - to come and control the switching on or off of a luminaire 131 disposed in the circuit 130.
  • the figure 2 illustrates the block diagram of a communicating circuit breaker according to the present invention, such as circuit breaker 11 for example.
  • the circuit breaker 11 comprises the classic elements of an electrical panel circuit breaker, differential or not, comprising an input terminal block for the two main poles PHASE and NEUTRAL and an output terminal block composed of poles 291 and 292 for use.
  • the circuit breaker 11 further comprises a magnetic toroid 210 comprising three windings, namely a phase winding 211, a neutral winding 212 and a detection winding 213.
  • the detection winding 213 is used to supply an electromagnet 220 making it possible to actuate a trip device 230 making it possible to open the phase circuit.
  • a close button 240 enables the circuit breaker to be reset in order to reposition it in normal operating mode.
  • a magneto-thermal tripping device 250 completes the “circuit breaker” part of the device 11.
  • phase and neutral windings serve to circulate a magnetic flux within the toroid 203 which, in principle, cancel each other out in a normal operating situation.
  • the detection coil detects a residual flux which then allows the activation of the electromagnet 220 and, consequently, the tripping of the circuit breaker.
  • the communicating circuit breaker 11 comprises, in addition to its “circuit breaker” functional part, an electronic circuit 260 which, in a particular embodiment, is removable so as to allow easy change in the event of a malfunction.
  • Electronic circuit 260 includes a microprocessor 261 with volatile and non-volatile memory for storing data and firmware instructions. There is thus shown a RAM type memory 263 and a ROM type memory 262 communicating with the microprocessor 261 via a bus 264. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may equally choose other types of memory of the EEPROM type. , FLASH etc ...
  • An I / O 265 input output unit allows communication between the processor with external elements, and in particular a relay control device 241 making it possible to control in software, if necessary, the triggering of the circuit breaker, and also a power line carrier circuit (CPL) allowing bi-directional communication via the phase-neutral circuit.
  • CPL power line carrier circuit
  • the CPL circuit 270 is a circuit which is well known to a person skilled in the art, referred to in Anglo-Saxon literature under the name POWERLINE TRANSCEIVER, which does not require any particular development. It suffices to observe that a circuit generally comprises electronic coupling circuits making it possible to transmit and receive, respectively, data Tx DATA and Rx DATA on the phase and neutral conductors via a modulated carrier, for example according to a modulation of FSK type. Where appropriate, reference may be made to the specifications of the manufacturers of integrated circuits.
  • the electronic circuit 260 further comprises a specific supply circuit 290 making it possible to generate a continuous supply from the current taken from the two PHASE and NEUTRAL poles.
  • the power supply of the circuit 290 is taken directly upstream of the magneto-thermal tripping device 250 so as to put the whole of the circuit breaker off "electrical power network - upon tripping.
  • a battery normally recharged by the electrical network is integrated within the circuit 290, which allows the operation of the intelligent part of the circuit breaker to be maintained even when the latter is in a tripping state.
  • the supply circuit 290 is connected to the PHASE and NEUTRAL poles which are downstream of the magnetothermal tripping device so as to allow the operation of the circuit 260 to be maintained even when the circuit breaker has “tripped”.
  • the electronic circuit 260 of the circuit breaker 111 includes in its read-only memory or ROM 262, in addition to the micro-program instructions allowing the implementation of the procedures described below, a MAC address (MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL) according to the IP protocol, allowing 'uniquely identify the electronic circuit considered. As will be seen later, this MAC address is used during the configuration phases when the circuit breaker 11 is powered up for the first time, before the assignment of an IP address.
  • a MAC address MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL
  • the non-volatile memory also allows the storage of the IP addresses and routing tables of the constituent elements of the domestic or industrial network, so as to allow the circuit breaker 111 to keep a “copy” of all the configuration parameters, as well as association tables (switches - DCL device) also stored in the other circuit breakers.
  • the circuit breaker 11 comprises an integrated WEB server which can access a memory (not shown) allowing the storage of correspondence tables for the MAC or IP addresses of the components of the network. electrical distribution which will be described below.
  • the figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of a wall outlet 121 of the 2P + E type allowing the electrical connection of a domestic appliance.
  • the device comprises a terminal block having the two PHASE and NEUTRAL poles, respectively 301 and 302, and further comprising a terminal for the earth conductor 303.
  • the socket comprises a switch or relay 361 controlled by a circuit. 360 and capable of disconnecting the phase pole in order to disconnect, by software, the domestic appliance connected to it.
  • the socket 121 also comprises an electronic circuit 360 comprising an architecture similar to that already presented for the circuit breaker, and which will be taken up very quickly so as not to overload the presentation.
  • the electronic circuit 360 comprises a microprocessor 361 communicating via its internal bus 364 with the random access memory RAM 363 and the non-volatile memory 362 (ROM or EEPROM), as well as with an input / output unit 365 allowing the control, via the processor, the switch 361 but also the communication with the CPL unit 370 similar to the unit 270 described in relation with the figure 2 .
  • a microprocessor 361 communicating via its internal bus 364 with the random access memory RAM 363 and the non-volatile memory 362 (ROM or EEPROM), as well as with an input / output unit 365 allowing the control, via the processor, the switch 361 but also the communication with the CPL unit 370 similar to the unit 270 described in relation with the figure 2 .
  • the electronic circuit 360 further comprises a power supply circuit 390 making it possible to generate a continuous power supply from the current taken from the two PHASE and NEUTRAL poles. If necessary, a rechargeable battery can be provided allowing the processor 361 to be kept in operation even if the poles 301 and 302 are de-energized by the circuit breaker 12 of the figure 1 .
  • the wall outlet 121 comprises in the ROM memory 362 a MAC address identifying the electronic circuit 360, and means for storing an IP address likely to be assigned by the DHCP server of one. communicating circuit breakers 1, and 11-14.
  • the figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of a light connection device (DCL) 131 allowing the direct connection of a luminaire to the communicating network in accordance with the present invention.
  • the light connection device has a functional architecture very close to that of the 2P + T socket which has just been described. This is how we find the PHASE, NEUTRAL and EARTH poles, respectively 401, 402 and 403, as well as a switch or relay 461 controlled by an electronic circuit 460 making it possible to disconnect the phase from the electrical network.
  • the electronic circuit 460 of the DCL 131 comprises, as for the circuit breaker 110 and the 2P + E outlet 121, a microprocessor 461 communicating via a bus 464 with a volatile RAM memory 463, as well as a non-volatile memory 462 allowing storage. a MAC address as well as an IP address, and an input / output circuit 465 allowing in particular the control of the relay 461 as well as full duplex communication with the CPL unit 470.
  • a power supply circuit 490 generates the supply current necessary for the electronic circuit 460 and may, as for the previous circuits, be equipped with a rechargeable battery.
  • the figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of a communicating switch 141 according to the invention which comprises a phase terminal 501 and a neutral terminal 503.
  • the switch may include an additional terminal to allow the connection of a second electric cable of so as to allow a direct substitution of an already existing simple ignition switch by a communicating switch according to the invention.
  • the two phase terminals will be connected internally so as to allow the direct passage of the electric current whatever is possible of the push button 510.
  • the communicating switch 141 comprises an electronic circuit 560 comprising a microprocessor 561 communicating via a bus 564 with a volatile RAM memory 563, as well as a non-volatile memory 562 allowing the storage of a MAC address as well as an IP address, and an input / output circuit 565 allowing full duplex communication with the CPL unit 570.
  • a supply circuit 590 generates the supply current necessary for the electronic circuit 560 and may, as for the previous circuits, be equipped with a rechargeable battery.
  • the communicating switch 141 which is illustrated in figure 5 is designed to be connected to both phase and neutral poles, which are normally present in a recessed wall box. However, it may happen that in an existing installation, the box in which the conventional switch is housed does not include the neutral conductor.
  • the electronic circuit 560 of switch 141 is removable allowing the appropriate replacement of the electronic part (liable to fail) and / or recharging of the internal battery.
  • all the components of the electronic energy distribution network include an electronic circuit, respectively 160, 260, 360, 460, 560, allowing the storage of the MAC address, of the IP address assigned by the DHCP server operating within the network, as well as the implementation of the configuration, initialization and association procedures which will be described below.
  • all electronic circuits will be implemented by means of wired logic and preferably by integrated or microelectronic circuits ( hardware ) based on microprocessors or microcomputers under the control of micro software ( software ) and all combinations of circuits and intermediate components.
  • the first embodiment which will be described now is particularly suited to the implementation of the method of the invention in a simple installation making it possible to take advantage of the new functionalities resulting from the communicating devices described above.
  • the figure 6A illustrates this first embodiment in which the electrical network, in its entirety, constitutes a single LAN network in which all the components have their own private IP address and can thus communicate with any other components of the network.
  • each of the components obtains its IP address through an address assignment protocol.
  • one of the following protocols used in the field of routers will be adopted, namely the RARP ( Reverse Address Resolution Protocol ) or BootP ( BootStrap Protocol ) or, according to a preferred embodiment, the protocol known as DHCP ( Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ) .
  • RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
  • BootP BootStrap Protocol
  • DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • a server conforming to the chosen protocol ie DHCP, BootP or RARP as appropriate, is inserted into the electrical energy distribution network.
  • the DHCP server will be present in a device simply connected to the electrical network, installed for example in a specific modem router offering access to the Internet network. It should be noted that such a modem will have, compared to already known router modems, a specific PLC interface allowing the IP packets to pass directly over the electrical network.
  • the DHCP server could be present in the main circuit breaker connected to the national electricity supplier, as illustrated in figure 6 .
  • the subscriber panel 1 comprises at least one circuit breaker which integrates a DHCP server 600 capable of assign a new address as soon as a new element - designated a DHCP client - requests it.
  • the local supplier when it does not provide such a service, it will be one of the communicating circuit breakers 11, 12, 13 or 14 which will fulfill the role of DHCP server.
  • FIG. 6B shows a procedure comprising the following steps implemented when starting a communicating circuit breaker, for example circuit breaker 14.
  • the procedure comprises a first step 61 during which the electronic circuit 260 launches an internal test procedure after start-up (Power On Self Test)
  • the communicating circuit breaker 14 transmits its own MAC address in BROADCAST so as to communicate it to all the components of the electrical energy distribution network.
  • a step 63 the communicating circuit breaker 14 starts a time delay comprising a random delay.
  • the use of a random delay ensures that a single communicating circuit breaker will activate its own DHCP server even when the user turns on all the circuit breakers at the same time.
  • a step 64 the communicating circuit breaker 14 performs a test to verify the response to its DHCP request.
  • step 63 If a response has intervened before the expiration of the period provided for in the time delay in step 63, then the communicating circuit breaker 14 deactivates its own DHCP server in a step 65.
  • the method goes to a step 66 during which it activates its own DHCP server.
  • a DHCP server operates transparently for the user who therefore does not have to worry about constituting an accessory LAN network, as is the case for the TéBis system from the HAGER company.
  • each circuit breaker also integrates a router function.
  • the figure 7 illustrates a second more sophisticated and more advantageous embodiment which is more particularly suitable for complex installations, such as industrial installations.
  • the present invention makes it possible, and this is a considerable advantage, to segment the unitary electrical network (since it consists only of two PHASE and NEUTRAL conductors in the case of a single-phase network) so that they no longer correspond, as is the case with the first embodiment described above, to a single LAN, but on the contrary to a combination LAN subnetworks, which may advantageously - but not exclusively - correspond to the main lines.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve this segmentation as will now be seen with the illustrative example of the figure 7 .
  • circuit 110 thus corresponding to network 10.0.1.0; circuit 120 corresponds to network 10.0.2.0; circuit 130 corresponds to network 10.0.3.0; circuit 140 corresponds to network 10.0.4.0, etc ...
  • circuit breakers in the electrical panel - such as circuit breakers 701-704 from the figure 7 - now include a router function allowing the passage of IP packets or data grams from one subnet to another, and are themselves organized within a specific LAN, such as for example 10.0.5.0 in the figure 7 , so as to constitute a core network ( Core Network ) whose function will be to route the IP packets emanating from a first circuit to a second circuit and, moreover, making it possible to route IP packets from the elements of the network to the INTERNET network and, conversely, to allow the routing of IP packets from the INTERNET network directly within the electrical circuits.
  • Core Network Core Network
  • all the router functions implemented in the different sub-segments could be concentrated in a single circuit breaker router, which will include a processor and software which will allow the instantiation of several router functions.
  • the circuit breaker-router 701 thus protects the circuit 110 comprising the radiator 111 and the connection device 112; Likewise, the router circuit breaker 702 protects the circuit or main line 120 comprising the communicating electrical outlets 2P + T 121-124; The router circuit breaker 703 protects the circuit 130 comprising the light connection devices (DCL) 131 -134, and the communicating switch 135; and finally, the router circuit breaker 704 protects the lighting line body 140 comprising the second communicating switch 141 and the light connection device (DCL) 142.
  • the circuit breakers routers could advantageously be produced in accordance with the hardware architecture described in relation to the figure 2 .
  • the non-volatile memory (EEPROM or FLASH) 262 can integrate the routing tables allowing the exchange of IP packets between the different LAN circuits.
  • these routing tables will be constituted either manually or dynamically and, in this particular case, by means of a routing protocol of the RIP ( Routing Information Protocol ) type, the specification of which can be found in RFC 1058 (Hedrick 1988).
  • these routing tables include the IP address of the destination network and the IP address of the “ next-hop ” router on the path to the destination network.
  • the architecture of this second embodiment described above provides great flexibility in controlling the electrical distribution network and in providing a large number of functionalities which become possible.
  • the addressing system that allows the second embodiment considerably facilitates the location and identification of the different elements of the energy distribution network. Indeed, it becomes very easy to identify, if necessary, all the elements belonging to the same electrical circuit and protected by the same circuit breaker. In particular, when the router circuit breaker integrates the DCHP function, it becomes easy, in the second embodiment, to identify the elements belonging to the same circuit since, de facto, they belong to the same LAN (or virtual LAN) and are will be assigned an address belonging to the same address range.
  • a single router circuit breaker - for example the router circuit breaker 701 - implements all the virtual routing functions allowing the routing of the packets within the electrical installation and, in particular , contains all of the routing tables in its internal memory.
  • the other 702-704 routers structurally identical to the latter, also include a copy of the routing tables implemented in the operational router and are configured in a standby mode ( stand-by in the English literature) in order to to take over as soon as the operational router 701 fails.
  • the “routing” function which is no longer operational within the circuit breaker 701 can be logically replaced by one of the circuit breakers on standby, for example the circuit breaker 702 which takes over. the relay after an activation phase.
  • This same circuit breaker can also warn the user of the failure by any appropriate means, or even by an email sent directly to the user's address.
  • Circuit breakers 702-704 can detect a failure of operational circuit breaker 701 by any suitable polling mechanism.
  • the circuit breakers routers comprise a removable electronic circuit arranged in a drawer and comprising all the electronic elements, such as the processor 261, the memory 262 or 263 of the figure 2 etc ...
  • the circuit breakers routers comprise a removable electronic circuit arranged in a drawer and comprising all the electronic elements, such as the processor 261, the memory 262 or 263 of the figure 2 etc ...
  • the figure 8 illustrates the procedure implemented in a communicating circuit breaker allows to acquire, when it is powered up, the information necessary to put it in a standby or (stand-by) mode, while waiting for operational mode.
  • This procedure is implemented in particular when installing and connecting for the first time a communicating circuit breaker according to the present invention. This is also the procedure that is implemented when, following a physical failure of the removable electronic module 260 housed in a receptacle of the circuit breaker - in the manner of the old “fuses” well known to the uses, a new one is inserted. electronic module intended to replace the faulty module.
  • the procedure begins following an initialization step 81 during which the electronic circuit performs a series of internal tests or POST tests.
  • the electronic circuit 260 transmits its MAC address in BROADCAST mode.
  • a communicating circuit breaker already comprising an active DHCP server since it is assumed that a communicating circuit breaker already comprising an active DHCP server is operational, the newly installed and connected module 260 receives its IP address and stores it in its non-volatile memory.
  • the method generates a request aiming to obtain a copy of the memory of the operational router, and of information stored in this router comprising, in particular, the various routing tables as well as the VLAN ( Virtual Lan ) configurations.
  • the operational circuit breaker transmits this copy of the configuration information, including in particular the routing tables, and this information is received and stored in the non-volatile memory of the circuit breaker 114 in a step 85.
  • the newly installed circuit breaker 114 self-configures itself in a standby mode, similar to the mode in which the other circuit breakers are already located awaiting activation of their routing functions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verfahren zur Kommunikation zwischen zwei Elementen, die konstitutiv für ein elektrisches Energieverteilungsnetz einer einphasigen oder dreiphasigen Haushalts-oder Industrieanlage sind, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Zuweisen einer ersten IP-Adresse an ein erstes Bestandteilselement des Verteilungsnetzes, wobei das erste Element ein Wandschalter (141) mit einer ersten elektronischen Schaltung (560) ist, dieerste Speicherschaltungen (563, 564) umfasst, die für die Speicherung der ersten IP-Adresse konfiguriert sind, die während einer Phasenkonfiguration zugewiesen wird;
    - Zuweisen einer zweiten IP-Adresse an ein zweites konstitutives Element des elektrischen Energieverteilungsnetzes, bei dem das zweite Element eine 2P+E-Wandsteckdose (121) oder eine Lichtanschlussvorrichtung (LCD - 131) ist, die eine zweite elektronische Schaltung (360, 460) mit zweiten Speicherschaltungen (362, 363, 463, 465) umfasst, die für die Speicherung der zweiten IP-Adresse konfiguriert sind, die während einer Konfigurationsphase zugewiesen wurde;
    wobei die Konfiguration die MAC-Adresse des Schalters (141) und die MAC-Adresse der 2P+E-Wandsteckdose (121) oder derLichtanschlussvorrichtung (LCD 131) zur Zuweisung einer IP-Adresse verwendet;
    - Aufbau, nach der Konfigurationsphase, einer Kommunikation zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element des Verteilungsnetzes für elektrische Energie, bei der die erste und die zweite IP-Adresse ausgetauscht werden, um eine Zuordnung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element zu schaffen, die die Steuerung der 2P+E-Wandsteckdose (121) oder der Lichtanschlussvorrichtung (LCD-131) durch den Wandschalter (141) über den Austausch von IP-Paketen ermöglicht, wobei die Kommunikation zwischen dem Schalter (141) und dem 2P+E oder der Lichtanschlussvorrichtung (DCL 131) über eine Funkfrequenzkommunikation erfolgt.
  2. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die IP-Adresszuweisung mittels eines DHCP-, BootP- oder RARP-Protokolls unter Verwendung von MAC-Adressen - Media Access Control - der ersten und zweiten konstituierenden Elemente des Netzwerks durchgeführt wird, wobei die MAC-Adressen in den ersten bzw. zweiten Speicherschaltungen gespeichert werden.
  3. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die Adresszuweisung mittels eines DHCP-Servers erfolgt, der sich innerhalb eines Leistungsschalters befindet.
  4. DasVerfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Netz in LAN-Teilnetze unterteilt ist und dass der Austausch der Pakete durch mindestens einen Leitungsschutzschalter gewährleistet wird, der die Funktion eines Routers integriert, der den Austausch von Paketen zwischen zwei Teilnetzen gewährleistet.
  5. DasVerfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem mindestens ein Leitungsschutzschalter (702-704) als Router konfiguriert ist, in dessen internem Speicher eine Routing-Tabelle gespeichert ist.
  6. DasVerfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei der/die mindestens eine(n) als Router arbeitende(n) Leitungsschutzschalter (702-704) dank eines Polling-Mechanismus einen in einem Leitungsschutzschalter auftretenden Fehler erkennen kann/können.
  7. Ein Schalter, der für die Implementierung der in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 definierten Methode geeignet ist, bestehend aus:
    - Mittel zum Anschluss an das elektrische Netz;
    - Mittel zum Speichern einer von einem DHCP-Server zugewiesenen IP-Adresse;
    - Mittel zur Erzeugung von IP-Paketen zum Zweck des Aufbaus einer Kommunikation.
  8. Eine Wandsteckdose, geeignet zur Durchführung des in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 definierten Verfahrens, bestehend aus:
    - einem Klemmenblock, der den Anschluss an das elektrische Netzwerk ermöglicht;
    - einem Steckverbinder, der den Anschluss eines Netzsteckers ermöglicht;
    - Mittel zur Speicherung einer IP-Adresse;
    - Mittel zur Erzeugung von IP-Paketen zum Zweck der Herstellung der Kommunikation mit anderen Elementen.
  9. Eine Lichtanschlussvorrichtung, die für die Durchführung des in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 definierten Verfahrens geeignet ist, bestehend aus:
    - einen Klemmenblock, der den Anschluss an das elektrische Netzwerk ermöglicht;
    - einen Verbinder, der den Anschluss einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung ermöglicht;
    - Mittel zur Speicherung einer IP-Adresse;
    - Mittel zur Erzeugung von IP-Paketen zum Zweck der Herstellung der Kommunikation mit anderen Elementen.
  10. Leitungsschutzschalter für eine elektrische Schalttafel, der zur Durchführung des in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 definierten Verfahrens bestimmt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er umfasst:
    - eine Eingangsklemmenleiste, die den Anschluss von mindestens zwei Leitern ermöglicht, z.B. einem PHASEN-Leiter und einem NEUTRALEN Leiter;
    - einem geschützten Ausgangsklemmenblock mit mindestens zwei Drähten;
    - Mittel zur Speicherung einer IP-Adresse und Kommunikationsmittel, die den Austausch von IP-Paketen über das elektrische Netzwerk mit anderen Elementen oder Modulen des genannten Netzwerks ermöglichen.
  11. Der Leitungsschutzschalternach Anspruch 10, der außerdem einen DHCP-, BootP- oder RARP-Server umfasst, der wahlweise deaktiviert werden kann und die Zuweisung von IP-Adressen, insbesondere für die Elemente des elektrischen Energieverteilungsnetzes, ermöglicht.
  12. Der Leitungsschutzschalter nach Anspruch 11, ferner umfassend einen Router, der mit Mitteln zur Speicherung von Routing-Tabellen versehen ist, um dasRouting der IP-Pakete sicherzustellen, die von den zu einem LAN-Subnetz gehörenden Kommunikationselementen erzeugt und zu diesen geleitet werden.
  13. Der Leitungsschutzschalter nach Anspruch 12 enthaltend Mitteln zur gemeinsamen Gewährleistung aller Routing-Funktionen, die von allen LAN-Teilnetzen, aus denen das elektrische Netz besteht, benötigt werden.
  14. Der Leitungsschutzschalter nach Anspruch 13, mit deaktivierbaren Leitungsfunktionen und einem Bereitschaftsmodus, Stand-by, der es ermöglicht, einen funktionsfähigen Leitungsschutzschalter im Falle einer Fehlfunktion desselben zu ersetzen.
  15. Der Leitungsschutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine abnehmbare elektronische Schaltung aufweist, die den Austausch defekter elektronischer Elemente ermöglicht.
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FR2930693B1 (fr) 2016-10-21
US9160411B2 (en) 2015-10-13
US20110040419A1 (en) 2011-02-17
FR2930693A1 (fr) 2009-10-30
EP3370370A1 (de) 2018-09-05
EP2110959A1 (de) 2009-10-21
WO2009143940A1 (en) 2009-12-03
EP2110959B1 (de) 2018-03-21

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