Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
  • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
  • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
  • G06F1/263—Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
  • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
  • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
  • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
  • G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
  • H02J1/14—Balancing load and power generation in DC networks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/12—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
  • H02J3/14—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
  • H02J2105/10—Local stationary networks having a local or delimited stationary reach
  • H02J2105/12—Local stationary networks having a local or delimited stationary reach supplying households or buildings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
  • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
  • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
  • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of power management of electrical energy consuming equipment.
• One of the objectives of the present invention is to improve the operating conditions of equipment, consumers of electrical energy, in an installation by optimizing the management of the distribution of the power supply for each of these devices.
• the present invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of data processing centers (or datacenter) to improve the energy efficiency of these centers.
• the present invention finds other advantageous applications in other fields such as, for example, the power management of IT equipment, for example "smart cities” to effectively manage the distribution of energy in buildings.
• desktop load optimization between different sources
• telecommunications centers By data center or data center, it is understood throughout the following description an installation in which are clustered computer equipment (mainframes, servers, storage server racks, network and telecommunications equipment, etc.) whose object is to store data (more or less sensitive) belonging to third parties, subscribers to said datacenter services, in particular to ensure the security and integrity of this data or to support / host processing or application calculations of data.
• clustered computer equipment mainframes, servers, storage server racks, network and telecommunications equipment, etc.
• subscribers to said datacenter services in particular to ensure the security and integrity of this data or to support / host processing or application calculations of data.
• Data processing centers usually also include an emergency power supply and redundancy system for reasons of computer security to prevent the loss of data (stored or processed) and thus to provide subscribers who use such data centers a high level of service quality, as well as a high level of availability.
• Data centers are big consumers of electrical energy.
• a data processing center which we will call in the rest of the datacenter description for more concision, must be able to supply electrical energy to the various computer equipment (and notably the server racks) that compose it), and whatever the circumstances (even in the event of power source or power failure).
• a first approach to ensure the quality of the distribution of electrical energy is to impose specific electrical wiring bays on the different power sources.
• This table can possibly be updated in time according to the powers actually observed and consumed. In this case, it is necessary to recalculate this table and rewire accordingly.
• a second approach consists in generating single-phase lines using three-phase / single-phase converters.
• this has the advantage of reducing the number of electrical transformation stages; only DC voltage is interfaced in similar orders of magnitude.
• the Applicant also observes that the counting of the power consumption actually consumed is made in the existing solutions by the presence of counter on each server bay. This represents a significant material investment, which also requires a skilled workforce.
• the object of the present invention is to improve the present situation.
• One of the objectives of the present invention is to overcome the various disadvantages of the state of the art mentioned above by providing a dynamic mixing equipment (such as for example servers or server arrays in a datacenter) sources power supply.
• a dynamic mixing equipment such as for example servers or server arrays in a datacenter
• equipment By equipment is meant here equipment that requires a power supply to operate.
• the present invention relates in a first aspect to a method of managing the power supply of a plurality of equipment in an installation (for example servers or server racks in a data center or datacenter) .
• each of the equipment for example servers or server arrays in a datacenter
• consumers of electrical energy is electrically connected to a plurality of power supply sources by means of at least one power supply device.
• distribution comprising each of the switching elements interfacing between the equipment and the power sources.
• each of the power sources has a yield curve of its own.
• the switching elements are controlled in real time by control circuits, such as for example programmable logic circuits, and are configured to distribute the electrical energy necessary for the operation of the equipment (for example servers or server bays).
• control circuits such as for example programmable logic circuits, and are configured to distribute the electrical energy necessary for the operation of the equipment (for example servers or server bays).
• this distribution of energy is done according to a nominal allocation.
• This nominal allocation is determined by nominal load plan.
• the method according to the invention is implemented by computer means and comprises during an operating phase the following steps:
• a determination of a load plan by the central unit as a function of at least a subscribed power for a device and a distribution algorithm taking into account the yield curves of each of the sources so as to readjust the allocation nominal sources supplying each of the equipment (eg servers or server racks) by maximizing the efficiency of said sources, or more precisely by maximizing efficiency;
• the present invention by virtue of the combination of these various technical steps, characteristic of the present invention, makes it possible to have dynamic wiring taking into consideration the different powers subscribed for each piece of equipment.
• the load plan will then be modified automatically taking into account this new power subscribed.
• Such dynamic wiring eliminates the static wiring used so far. It is therefore no longer necessary to provide for the manual establishment of a new load plan (or "capacity planning") each time new equipment is commissioned or when a new service subscriber arrives.
• the method comprises a continuous measurement of the electrical consumption of each of the equipment (for example the servers or the server racks); the determination of the load plan is carried out according to the measured consumptions;
• the switching elements measure by magnetic coupling the power consumption of each of the equipment (for example the servers or the server racks) which they respectively supply;
• the measured power consumption is time stamped and then recorded in a computer file, called log file, periodically transmitted to the central unit; the method includes continuously monitoring the status of each of the power sources to detect the failure of at least one of the power sources;
• the determination of the load plan is carried out according to the states of the sources
• a power source is considered to be in a state of failure when it delivers a voltage outside an interval between a lower threshold of failure and an upper threshold of failure; preferably, the lower failure threshold and / or the upper failure threshold are parameterizable voltage values;
• the method comprises an initialization phase during which, during a subscription step, the nominal load plan is determined according to an electrical power previously subscribed by a subscriber, the subscribed power is also associated with a specified quality of service level;
• the method comprises an interruption of the supply of an equipment (for example a server rack) by said associated power source in case of detection of an abnormal consumption of said equipment, for example when it is strictly greater than 150% of the contract power.
• an equipment for example a server rack
• the object of the present invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a computer program comprising instructions adapted to the execution of the steps of the method as described above, when said computer program is executed by at least one processor.
• Such a computer program can use any programming language, and be in the form of a source code, an object code, or an intermediate code between a source code and an object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
• the object of the present invention relates to a computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded a computer program comprising instructions for carrying out the steps of the method as described above.
• the recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
• the medium may comprise storage means, such as a microelectronic circuit type ROM memory, or a magnetic recording means or a hard disk.
• this recording medium can also be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, such a signal can be conveyed via an electric or optical cable, by conventional radio or radio or by self-directed laser beam or by other ways.
• the computer program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded to an Internet type network.
• the recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which the computer program is incorporated, the integrated circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.
• the subject of the present invention relates, according to a fourth aspect, to a system for managing the power supply of a plurality of devices (for example of the server array type) in an installation (for example of the type data processing center). or datacenter).
• a system for managing the power supply of a plurality of devices for example of the server array type
• an installation for example of the type data processing center). or datacenter.
• said system comprises computer resources configured for the implementation of the steps of the method such as that described above.
• each of the equipment (for example the server racks) is electrically connected to a plurality of power supply sources through at least one distribution device.
• each source has a yield curve of its own.
• each distribution device comprises switching elements making the interface between the equipment and the power supply sources.
• These switching elements are preferably configured to distribute the electrical energy necessary for the operation of the equipment.
• this distribution is done according to a determined nominal attribution.
• the distribution device comprises: a central processing unit configured to determine a load plan as a function of at least one subscribed power for each equipment and a determined distribution algorithm taking into account the yield curves of each sources in order to readjust the nominal attribution of the sources feeding each of the equipment (eg server bays) maximizing efficiency; and
• control circuits configured to control the switching elements in real time in such a way as to dynamically mix the equipment (for example the server racks) on the power sources according to the load plan transmitted by the central unit.
• the switching elements comprise: a semiconductor of the IGBT type (acronym for "Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor” or insulated gate bipolar transistor), and / or
• the dispensing device is configured to deliver single-phase, three-phase and / or four-phase, respectively.
• Such a system also makes it possible to have a disjunction system that can be changed hot without interrupting the entire power supply of the site.
• the subject of the present invention relates, according to a fifth aspect, to a data center or data center-type installation comprising:
• a plurality of equipment including server racks; and a power management system as described above.
• each power source comprises in particular an inverter.
• the object of the present invention makes it possible to provide data centers with a real dynamic wiring of the equipment on the power sources taking into account the subscribed powers, the real energy consumptions, and possibly the states of the sources.
• the present invention makes it possible to optimize the energy efficiency of the datacenters and to guarantee the security, the integrity as well as the availability of the data stored in the datacenters.
• FIGS. 1 and 4 illustrate an example of embodiment that is devoid of any limiting character and on which:
• FIG. 1 represents a schematic view of a power management system for the server arrays of a datacenter according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 represents a flowchart of the steps of the management method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an example of box structure in a distribution cabinet according to an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 4 represents a schematic view of an exemplary distribution cabinet according to an exemplary embodiment.
• the example described here relates more specifically to power management of servers or server arrays in a data center.
• this is a particular application among other possible.
• Design cabling to choose at any time which source supplies which server bay is one of the objectives of the present invention.
• a 200 power management system including computer and electronic means for managing Efficiently distributes the power supply of the server bays BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4 in a data center 300.
• the server racks BS1, BS2, BS3, and BS4 are electrically connected to the supply sources A, B, C and D by means of two distribution devices 100 and 100. ', here distribution cabinets.
• system 200 may comprise more than two distribution cabinets.
• the power sources A, B, C and D are inverters each having their own yield curve. Of course, other types of power sources may be considered.
• the cabinets 100 and 100 ' serve as "Power Switch” and comprise each of the boxes 10, 20 and 10', 20 '(called “SWitching Units” or SWU).
• switching elements respectively (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) and (11 ', 12', 13 ', 14'; 21 ', 22', 23 ' , 24 ') which interface server arrays BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4 with power sources A, B, C and D (see Figure 3).
• these switching elements (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) and (11 ', 12', 13 ', 14'; 21 ', 22', 23 ', 24' ), also known as "SWitching Elements" or SWE, are intended to distribute the electrical energy required for the operation of server bays BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4.
• control circuits (15, 16, 17, 18; 25, 26, 27, 28) and (15 ', 16', 17 ', 18'; 25 ', 26', 27 ', 28 '), here for example of the type programmable logic circuit that provide in real time to the SWE distribution instructions of the power supply defined by a load plan.
• the switching elements (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) and (11 ', 12', 13 ', 14', 21 ', 22 ', 23', 24 ') distribute the electrical energy necessary for the operation of each server rack BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4 according to a nominal load plan; we also talk about nominal allocation.
• This nominal load plan can be determined as follows:
• a step S0 is provided during which the subscriber who subscribes to a data storage or application hosting service with a datacenter 300 selects a quality of service associated with the security level that he wants for his data.
• This quality of service is directly related to the redundancy of the power sources, and therefore to an electric power. We talk about subscribed power.
• the Applicant submits that the present invention is particularly relevant in a datacenter 300 where there is a large part of "application calculations" and little storage of data: in fact, the consumptions are in this case less constant.
• a “level 3" (or “level 2”) server may still be functional after three failures (high reliability) (or two failures) while a “level 1" server remains functional after a only failure and out of service from the second failure.
• the subscriber here has the opportunity to subscribe to a level of availability adjusted to best his needs.
• each cabinet 100 and 100' thus recover all the powers subscribed by all subscribers and calculates according to this information a first load plan, said nominal.
• This load plan therefore corresponds to the nominal allocation of power sources A, B, C and D to each of the server bays BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4. It is therefore this initial phase PO which makes it possible to assign the power sources A, B, C and D to the different server bays.
• the central unit 30 (30') then sends to each outlet of the boxes 10 and 20 (10 'and 20') the nominal power sources to be affected as well as the various scenarios of failure associated with power sources.
• the nominal load plan and the different failure scenarios are thus stored in each box 10 and 20 (10 'and 20') on programmable logic circuits 15, 16, 17, 18; 25, 26, 27, 28 (15 ', 16', 17 ', 18', 25 ', 26', 27 ', 28').
• circuits are preferably of the FPGA type and can thus manage in real time the security protocols and allocation of sources.
• the load plan is recalculated by the central unit to take into account this power change. Taking into account during operation (here the PI phase) actual power consumption of the bays and source conditions to dynamically evolve this load plan is one of the objectives of the present invention.
• each cabinet 100 and 100 ' comprises for this purpose a measurement module 50 and 50' which, during a step S2, measures by magnetic coupling the power consumption of each of the server bays BS1, BS2 , BS3 and BS4.
• the switching elements that perform this measurement by magnetic coupling.
• resistive measurement for example by "shunt" resistors.
• log file This power consumption measured continuously throughout the operation is time stamped and stored in a computer file, called log file, transmitted periodically (for example every minute) to the central unit 30.
• the central unit 30 processes in a step S3 all the received log files to then determine a new load plan to readjust the nominal allocation of the power sources A, B, C and D to each of the server arrays BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4 so as to control the switching elements in order to carry out the dynamic mixing S4 of the server arrays BS1, BS2, BS3 and BS4 on the power sources A, B, C and D.
• the central unit 30 calculates during operation (for example periodically, at regular time interval) a new load plan as a function of the powers subscribed (and associated changes). and actually measured actual consumptions as well as a determined distribution algorithm taking into account the yield curves of each of sources A, B, C and D.
• This new load plan then readjusts the nominal allocation of said power sources to each of the server bays maximizing efficiency.
• the distribution algorithm has the yield curve of each source according to its load. It should be noted here that yield curves are not necessarily identical between all sources.
• the algorithm also has powers subscribed by each of the subscribers for each of the bays and the consumption measured for each bay (and therefore the overall consumption).
• this overall consumption can be the subject of a specific measurement.
• the method of assigning different sources can be done in different ways.
• the selected assignment algorithm may be the following. initially, a calculation of the ideal load of each source according to criteria defined by the manager of the site (will to balance the sources between them, or then to place them at points of optimum efficiency, or other). This step consists of macroscopically distributing the total load of the site.
• a distribution of the bays one by one in the sources in order to load them up to the loads calculated during the first stage consists of the microscopic distribution of the bays on the sources.
• the load plan can be updated automatically according to the actual consumption of the different bays.
• This measured consumption also allows the FPGA of each switching element to apply safety rules and to interrupt the supply of a source in the event of abnormal overconsumption and thus not endanger the overall operation of the installation.
• the consumption log files allow the central unit 30 (or 30 ') to control two applications:
• the switching elements are semiconductors of the IGBT type and / or electronic components of the TRIAC type.
• the selection of these switching elements (or SWE) is based on the model of the SWU box and the maximum current to be delivered.
• these switching elements are controlled by an FPGA type circuit which guarantees the conduction state or not of the IGBTs or TRIACs, and also manages them.
• Such a circuit also provides real-time protection of the installation.
• the FPGA circuit allows a cut of the power source in a few nanoseconds only, which ensures the good operation of the site as a whole with an impossibility of effect cascade. Considering the state of the power sources is also one of the other objectives of the present invention.
• a power source is in a state of failure when it is out of the expected characteristics, for example when it delivers a voltage outside an interval corresponding here to a predetermined template.
• the criterion of validity of a source is based on the belonging of the different phases to templates.
• Respecting these templates also makes it possible to monitor the temporal compliance of the electrical phases.
• a monitoring module 40 (or 40 ') is provided which continuously monitors, during a step S1, the state of each of the power sources A, B, C and D to detect a possible failure of at least one of the power sources A, B, C and D.
• This information is then transmitted to the central unit 30 (or 30 '), but also to all the switching elements and this in real time.
• the central unit 30 determines the load plan as a function of the powers subscribed, the consumption of the measured server arrays and the states of the sources A, B, C and D.
• the central unit 30 (or 30 ') will also be able to set a suitable decision in case of detection of over-consumption of a server rack.
• an interruption S2 'of a SWE output supplying an array may be provided in the event of detecting an abnormal consumption of said array (for example strictly greater than 150% of its maximum subscribed power).
• Dynamic brewing therefore takes into consideration both the actual power consumption of each of the server bays and the state of each power source, which significantly improves the energy efficiency of the data center.
• Such brewing can then significantly increase the rate of availability of servers.
• SWU boxes being of several types and function of the server technologies used, it is provided in the context of the present invention to have in the same distribution cabinet 100 boxes 10 and 20 serving single-phase, three-phase or four-phase.
• the objective of this optimization phase is to distribute the different loads on the sources in order to optimize the efficiency of the inverters by placing themselves at their maximum efficiency and also by balancing the phases of each source as much as possible.
• the dynamic mixing of the power switch allows this optimization as and when the consumption of the bays is changing.
• the yield is no longer sustained and imposed by the initial mixing.
• the nominal assignments can then be updated according to the instantaneous consumptions of the bays.
• a system 200 capable of managing several power sources A, B, C and D dynamically. Thanks to the dynamic mixing of the bays on the sources, it becomes possible to reassign the corresponding plug to another available source.
• the server array in question preserves its redundancy.
• Such a module (not shown here) manages the quality of service at the server scale and not at the bay level.
• the system 200 according to the present invention is therefore intended to monitor and order the electrical traffic.
• the dynamic stirring proposed in the context of the present invention thus offers a high energy efficiency.
• the ability to put a source into operation by a software setting offers the ability to install these sources gradually and not upon delivery of the data center.
• the dynamic stirring solution proposed in the context of the present invention thus notably has the following advantages: a valuation of the backup capacity of the site (extension of 50% of the capacity);

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Power Sources (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
• Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-12-17 FR FR1562692A patent/FR3045972B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-12-16 AU AU2016374574A patent/AU2016374574B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2016-12-16 HK HK18114514.8A patent/HK1255375A1/zh unknown
  • 2016-12-16 SG SG11201805548QA patent/SG11201805548QA/en unknown
  • 2016-12-16 CN CN201680079969.XA patent/CN108604796A/zh active Pending
  • 2016-12-16 US US16/063,037 patent/US20180364777A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-12-16 JP JP2018551496A patent/JP2019506130A/ja active Pending
  • 2016-12-16 EP EP16822436.8A patent/EP3391496A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-12-16 WO PCT/EP2016/081547 patent/WO2017103185A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2016-12-16 CA CA3008693A patent/CA3008693A1/fr not_active Abandoned

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