EP3404268B1 - Unité de ventilation pour dispositif de réfrigération - Google Patents

Unité de ventilation pour dispositif de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3404268B1
EP3404268B1 EP18172026.9A EP18172026A EP3404268B1 EP 3404268 B1 EP3404268 B1 EP 3404268B1 EP 18172026 A EP18172026 A EP 18172026A EP 3404268 B1 EP3404268 B1 EP 3404268B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
ventilation unit
designed
heat exchanger
air volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18172026.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3404268A1 (fr
Inventor
Oliver Haaf
Thomas Heli
Daniel Gebert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Publication of EP3404268A1 publication Critical patent/EP3404268A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3404268B1 publication Critical patent/EP3404268B1/fr
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/067Evaporator fan units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/06Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5826Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0018Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by fans
    • F24F1/0025Cross-flow or tangential fans
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/43Defrosting; Preventing freezing of indoor units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0681Details thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25D2500/02Geometry problems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilation unit designed for use and for arrangement in a refrigeration system.
  • a protective grille is typically located on the outlet side of the fan. In this area, the very cold air mixes with the air from the adjoining cooling chamber (return flow in the hub area) as the axial fan flows increasingly radially. In high humidity applications, ice or snow-like material can stick to the fan blades or protective grille, also reducing efficiency and flow characteristics. In addition, when the heat exchanger is defrosted and the fan is not running, the ice can fall onto the wall ring of the fan and prevent the fan from restarting due to icing.
  • the necessary defrosting is generally a disadvantageous, complex process that disrupts actual operation and should be avoided as far as possible.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a ventilation unit which overcomes the above disadvantages and can be operated more efficiently and with less defrosting frequency.
  • a ventilation unit designed for use and for arrangement on a refrigeration system with a fan and a heat exchanger arranged in series with the fan, with the fan being designed and arranged opposite the heat exchanger, during operation an air volume flow through the heat exchanger and out of the Promote ventilation unit out.
  • the fan is designed as a diagonal fan. With the diagonal fan, the air volume flow is sucked in axially during operation and blown out diagonally at an angle to the rotation axis of the diagonal fan.
  • the diagonal fan is characterized in an advantageous manner by a high air output even at higher back pressure. This ensures that the blow-out direction of the diagonal fan is always diagonal and not radial, even with the maximum counter-pressures that occur during operation. Its range of throw remains largely unchanged even with a continuously increasing icing heat exchanger, a thermal short circuit due to an external backflow to the intake area of the heat exchanger is prevented. In addition, the resultant increased icing of the heat exchanger is avoided. The defrost cycles heat exchanger are extended.
  • the diagonal fan is designed to draw in the air volume flow axially and blow it out diagonally at an angle of 10-80°, more preferably at an angle of 25-60°, relative to its axis of rotation.
  • the discharge angle of the diagonal fan offers an average value from the outset that can be maintained throughout operation.
  • a favorable embodiment of the ventilation unit provides that the diagonal fan is designed and arranged in the ventilation unit to draw in the air volume flow through the heat exchanger and blow it out of the ventilation unit into an open environment, for example in a cold room.
  • the diagonal fan is therefore downstream of the heat exchanger in terms of flow.
  • the heat exchanger During operation, the heat exchanger generates a flow resistance that increases from an initial flow resistance with a first resistance characteristic curve (A) to an icing resistance with a second resistance characteristic curve (B) due to progressive icing for the diagonal fan.
  • the diagonal fan In the case of the ventilation unit, an embodiment according to the invention is characterized in that the diagonal fan is designed so that its highest efficiency range is in a range of a third resistance characteristic (C) of the heat exchanger, with the third resistance characteristic lying between the first and the second resistance characteristic (A, B).
  • the resistance characteristics (A, B, C) are characterized by a back pressure psf [Pa] that increases over a conveyed air quantity qv [m 3 /h]. The outflow always remains diagonal, even at maximum counter pressures, and does not change in a radial direction, as is the case with axial fans, for example.
  • the heat exchanger is designed according to the invention, the air volume flow to a conveying medium temperature of less than or equal to 15°C, in particular 5°C, to form a cold air volume flow, the cold air volume flow being able to be sucked in and blown out directly by the diagonal fan. Between the heat exchanger and the diagonal fan there are no components that thermally influence the cold air volume flow, the suction through the diagonal fan takes place directly downstream of the heat exchanger.
  • the ventilation unit is characterized in that the diagonal fan and the heat exchanger are connected to one another by a housing, the housing forming a closed flow channel for the air volume flow or the cold air volume flow.
  • the ventilation unit is designed as an integral structural unit for holistic arrangement and attachment to the refrigeration system.
  • the integral unit can be pre-assembled and delivered as a whole. Only the electrical connection has to be made to the cold rooms. This reduces the probability of errors during assembly.
  • the heat exchanger is designed as an evaporator.
  • the ventilation unit also includes a (flow) guide device which is arranged in a blow-out section of the diagonal fan and is designed to deflect the air volume flow blown out in a diagonal direction by the diagonal fan into an axial direction.
  • the diagonal blow-out direction of the diagonal fan can thereby be deflected into an axial blow-out flow direction and thus the throw of the diagonal fan can be increased.
  • the guide device can be implemented by parts of the housing or by guide bodies such as guide plates or the like that can also be fastened to the diagonal fan.
  • the guide device is formed in one piece on the diagonal fan, so that the number of parts is minimized.
  • a protective grille or access protection can also be arranged on the diagonal fan.
  • the guide device partially converts the swirl of the air volume flow generated by the diagonal fan into static pressure and thereby increases the pressure increase, efficiency and throw of the diagonal fan.
  • the diagonal fan is designed with a co-rotating cover disk that covers the fan blades.
  • the ventilation unit can also be designed in such a way that the flow is guided in the fixed housing and the diagonal fan has a wing end similar to an axial fan. A gap is then provided between the impeller and the fan blades.
  • FIG 1 the basic inventive structure of the ventilation unit is shown schematically, but to illustrate the fluidic problems with an axial fan 11 following a heat exchanger 10. Shown is a frozen state of the heat exchanger 10 and a resulting essentially radial outflow of the axial fan 11. About the with The flow path 8 shown by the arrows leads to a thermal short circuit, in which the air blown out of the axial fan 11 returns to the intake area of the heat exchanger. In addition, there is an inflow 9 on the outlet side in the hub region of the axial fan 11, which is overlaid by the outflow. From the actual purely axial outflow provided in the frost-free state, as exemplified in figure 2 is shown, when the heat exchanger is iced up, there is nothing or hardly anything left.
  • a ventilation unit 1 is shown schematically in the iced state with a diagonal fan 2 and a heat exchanger 3 arranged in series therewith and designed as an evaporator.
  • the heat exchanger 3 and the diagonal fan are connected to one another via a housing 5 forming a flow channel. Both the diagonal fan 2 and the heat exchanger 3 are inserted and fastened in the housing 5, so that the ventilation unit is an integral structural unit.
  • a protective grille 19 is arranged on the outlet section of the diagonal fan 2 .
  • the ventilation unit 1 is designed for use and for arrangement in a refrigeration system.
  • the diagonal outflow path 7 is marked with arrows.
  • the heat exchanger 3 cools the air volume flow to a conveying medium temperature of less than or equal to 15° C., in particular less than or equal to 5° C., to form the cold air volume flow, which is sucked in directly by the diagonal fan 2 .
  • the ventilation unit 1 according to the invention figure 3 with the diagonal fan 2 is opposite to the in figure 1
  • the embodiment shown can be designed with an axial fan 10 in a way as is shown in figure 4 is shown using a diagram of the conveyed air volume qv [m 3 /h] versus the pressure psf [Pa].
  • the fan characteristics 11', 2' of the axial fan 11 are off figure 1 and the diagonal fan 2 off figure 3 and three characteristic resistance curves A, B, C resulting from different icing states of the heat exchanger 3.
  • the flow resistance of the heat exchanger 3 increases during operation due to progressive icing from an initial flow resistance with a first resistance characteristic A for the diagonal fan to an icing resistance with a second resistance characteristic B. In the state of the second resistance characteristic, a defrosting process of the heat exchanger 3 is initiated.
  • the diagonal fan 2 on the other hand, is designed to have its highest efficiency range in a region of the third resistance characteristic C of the heat exchanger 3 due to its diagonal blowing direction, with the third resistance characteristic C lying between the first and second resistance characteristic curves A, B.
  • the resistance characteristics A, B, C are characterized by a back pressure psf [Pa] that increases over a conveyed air quantity qv [m 3 /h].
  • the ventilation unit 1 according to the invention with the diagonal fan 2 can be operated over a longer period of time and with higher efficiency in the area of the resistance characteristic C with a correspondingly large flow rate compared to a structure with the axial fan 11, which only works as designed in the area of the resistance characteristic curve A.
  • the absolute difference is characterized by the fan characteristics 11', 2' of the axial fan 11 and the diagonal fan 2 in the diagram.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning Room Units, And Self-Contained Units In General (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Unité de ventilation (1), réalisée pour être mise en œuvre et disposée sur une installation frigorifique, comprenant un ventilateur et un échangeur thermique (3) disposé en série avec le ventilateur, dans laquelle le ventilateur est réalisé et disposé par rapport à l'échangeur thermique (3) pour refouler en cours de fonctionnement un débit volumique d'air à travers l'échangeur thermique (3) et hors de l'unité de ventilation, dans laquelle le ventilateur est réalisé sous forme de ventilateur diagonal (2) et aspire en cours de fonctionnement le débit volumique d'air axialement et le purge diagonalement selon un angle par rapport à son axe de rotation (RA), dans laquelle l'échangeur thermique (3) est réalisé pour refroidir le débit volumique d'air à une température d'agent de refoulement de ≤15 °C afin de former un débit volumique d'air froid, dans laquelle le débit volumique d'air froid peut être aspiré et purgé directement par le ventilateur diagonal (2), et
    l'unité de ventilation comprenant en outre un dispositif de guidage qui est disposé dans une partie d'éjection du ventilateur diagonal (2) et est réalisé pour dévier dans une direction axiale le débit volumique d'air purgé par le ventilateur diagonal (2) dans la direction diagonale,
    caractérisée en ce que le ventilateur diagonal (2) présente un disque de recouvrement solidaire en rotation, et en ce que l'échangeur thermique (3) génère pour le ventilateur diagonal (2) en cours de fonctionnement par un givrage progressif une résistance à l'écoulement traversant augmentant d'une résistance à l'écoulement initial ayant une première courbe caractéristique de résistance (A) à une résistance au givrage ayant une deuxième courbe caractéristique de résistance (B), et le ventilateur diagonal (2) est conçu par sa direction de purge diagonale pour présenter sa plage d'efficacité maximale dans une zone d'une troisième courbe caractéristique de résistance (C) de l'échangeur thermique (3), dans laquelle la troisième courbe caractéristique de résistance (C) est située entre la première et la deuxième courbe caractéristique de résistance (A, B), et dans laquelle les courbes caractéristiques de résistance (A, B, C) sont caractérisées par une contre-pression psf [Pa] augmentant pour une quantité d'air refoulée qv [m3/h].
  2. Unité de ventilation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le ventilateur diagonal (2) est réalisé pour aspirer axialement le débit volumique d'air et pour le purger diagonalement selon un angle de 10 à 80°, en particulier selon un angle de 25 à 60°, par rapport à son axe de rotation (RA),
  3. Unité de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le ventilateur diagonal (2) est réalisé et disposé dans l'unité de ventilation (1) pour aspirer le débit volumique d'air à travers l'échangeur thermique (3) et pour le purger de l'unité de ventilation (1) dans l'environnement libre.
  4. Unité de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le ventilateur diagonal (2) et l'échangeur thermique (3) sont reliés ensemble par un carter (5) qui forme un canal d'écoulement fermé pour le débit volumique d'air.
  5. Unité de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée sous la forme d'une unité constructive intégrale pour une disposition globale et une fixation à l'installation frigorifique.
  6. Unité de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'échangeur thermique (3) est réalisé sous forme d'évaporateur.
  7. Unité de ventilation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de guidage est réalisé d'un seul tenant sur le ventilateur diagonal (2).
  8. Unité de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de guidage est réalisé pour convertir un déport du débit volumique d'air généré par le ventilateur diagonal (2) partiellement en pression statique.
  9. Unité de ventilation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 4 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le carter (5) forme un guidage d'air pour le débit volumique d'air généré par le ventilateur diagonal (2).
EP18172026.9A 2017-05-19 2018-05-14 Unité de ventilation pour dispositif de réfrigération Active EP3404268B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017111001.1A DE102017111001A1 (de) 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 Ventilationseinheit für Kälteanlagen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3404268A1 EP3404268A1 (fr) 2018-11-21
EP3404268B1 true EP3404268B1 (fr) 2023-02-01

Family

ID=61497789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18172026.9A Active EP3404268B1 (fr) 2017-05-19 2018-05-14 Unité de ventilation pour dispositif de réfrigération

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20180335244A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3404268B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN207050304U (fr)
DE (1) DE102017111001A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3404268T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2942180T3 (fr)

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DE102018211808A1 (de) * 2018-07-16 2020-01-16 Ziehl-Abegg Se Ventilator und Leiteinrichtung für einen Ventilator
DE102018132002A1 (de) * 2018-12-12 2020-06-18 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Ventilationseinheit
US11371761B2 (en) * 2020-04-13 2022-06-28 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Method of operating an air conditioner unit based on airflow

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3404268T3 (da) 2023-04-03
DE102017111001A1 (de) 2018-11-22
US20180335244A1 (en) 2018-11-22
CN207050304U (zh) 2018-02-27
EP3404268A1 (fr) 2018-11-21
ES2942180T3 (es) 2023-05-30

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