EP3404342A1 - Kältekreislaufvorrichtung und kältekreislaufsystem - Google Patents

Kältekreislaufvorrichtung und kältekreislaufsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3404342A1
EP3404342A1 EP16885119.4A EP16885119A EP3404342A1 EP 3404342 A1 EP3404342 A1 EP 3404342A1 EP 16885119 A EP16885119 A EP 16885119A EP 3404342 A1 EP3404342 A1 EP 3404342A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hfo
working fluid
refrigeration cycle
mass
hfc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16885119.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3404342A4 (de
Inventor
Hiroki Hayamizu
Masato Fukushima
Hirokazu Takagi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGC Inc
Original Assignee
Asahi Glass Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Glass Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Glass Co Ltd
Publication of EP3404342A1 publication Critical patent/EP3404342A1/de
Publication of EP3404342A4 publication Critical patent/EP3404342A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/003Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing corrosion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/027Condenser control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • F25B2400/12Inflammable refrigerants
    • F25B2400/121Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/02Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021Inverters therefor

Definitions

  • a heat cycle system in another aspect of the present invention is mounted with the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • the compressor 10 plays a role of compressing a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid to form it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid is sent to the condenser 20.
  • the evaporator 40 plays a role of evaporating the refrigerant gas, which is a low-temperature and low-pressure wet vapor sent from the pressure reducing mechanism 30, to thereby form the refrigerant gas into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid.
  • the gaseous working fluid is evaporated due to heat absorbed from its surroundings.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid sent from the evaporator 40 is sucked into the compressor 10, and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid again.
  • a hydrogen fluoride capturing agent for removing hydrogen fluoride from the working fluid may be used. Any agent may be used as the hydrogen fluoride capturing agent as long as it can react with hydrogen fluoride. It is, however, preferable to select an agent in which a byproduct produced by the reaction capturing hydrogen fluoride rarely has an adverse effect within the refrigeration cycle. Among such agents, it is preferable to use one kind of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide which can react with hydrogen fluoride without causing reverse reaction, or a combination of some kinds of those.
  • the tubular member 51a has an upstream tubular member 51b and a downstream tubular member 51c having different tube diameters from each other.
  • the upstream tubular member 51b is arranged to be thicker than the downstream tubular member 51c.
  • the downstream end of the upstream tubular member 51b is connected to the upstream end of the downstream tubular member 51c so as to integrally form the tubular member 51a.
  • the strainer mesh 58 is provided in the upstream tubular member 51b. It is preferable that the strainer mesh 58 is arranged to have finer meshes than the strainer mesh constituting each of the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a, so that sludge can be captured on the upstream side.
  • the tube diameter of the upstream tubular member 51b is larger than the tube diameter of the downstream tubular member 51c. Therefore, the area of the strainer mesh 58 is larger than the area of each of the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a.
  • the strainer mesh 58 can play a role of capturing sludge, and the sludge can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the deoxidizer 57.
  • the inlet-side flow surface 54a and the outlet-side flow surface 55a may be arranged as strainer meshes while the strainer mesh 58 for capturing sludge is further provided on the upstream side.
  • the inlet-side flow surface 54 and the outlet-side flow surface 55 in the deoxidizing portion 50 in FIG. 2 may be arranged as strainer meshes similarly to the inlet-side flow surface 54a and outlet-side flow surface 55a provided in the downstream tubular member 51c in FIG. 4 .
  • a desiccant may be used in place of the deoxidizer 57 as described above.
  • each deoxidizing portion 50, 50a, 50b may be arranged in various configurations as long as the working fluid can pass through the deoxidizing portion 50, 50a, 50b while contacting with the deoxidizer 57 or the desiccant.
  • a suitable configuration may be used in consideration of whether the working fluid is gaseous or liquid, or a configuration which can support both a liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid may be used. The configurations illustrated in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 can be applied to both the liquid working fluid and the gaseous working fluid.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus in the embodiment includes the deoxidizing portion 50 within the refrigeration cycle so that water and oxygen within the refrigeration cycle can be removed to avoid generation of sludge. Accordingly, generation of sludge can be avoided in spite of the use of an HFO which is easily dissolved by water and oxygen as the refrigerant.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus in the embodiment can be used in a heat cycle system such as an air conditioning apparatus.
  • a heat cycle system such as an air conditioning apparatus.
  • the compressor 10, the condenser 20, the pressure reducing mechanism 30, the evaporator 40 and the deoxidizing portion 50 of the refrigeration cycle system in FIG. 1 are applied to a compressor 10a, an indoor heat exchanger 20a, an expansion valve 30a, an outdoor heat exchanger 40a and a deoxidizing portion 50c, respectively, to thereby form an air conditioning apparatus 150.
  • any one of the configurations of the deoxidizing portions 50, 50a and 50b illustrated in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 may be used as the configuration of the deoxidizing portion 50c, or another configuration may be used. Since the deoxidizing portion 50c is provided within the heat cycle system, decomposition of the HFO within the heat cycle can be inhibited to thereby avoid generation of sludge.
  • a fan 160 is provided in the outdoor heat exchanger 40a, and a fan 161 is provided in the indoor unit 150b.
  • the outdoor and indoor units are cooled by the air blown by the fans 160 and 161 respectively.
  • the release valve 159 is provided on the side of the outdoor unit 150a.
  • the release valve 159 is an emergency valve which can release a refrigerant circulating in the passage 61 to the outdoor unit 150a (to the outside of the apparatus).
  • the circulating direction of the refrigerant can be reversed, i.e. cooling and heating operation can be performed, by the switching operation of the four-way selector valve 154. That is, in the air conditioning apparatus 150, the compressor 10a, the outdoor heat exchanger 40a of the outdoor unit 150a (heat source side), the expansion valve 30a, and the indoor heat exchanger 20a of the indoor unit 150b (use side) are connected sequentially to form the working fluid passage 61 in which the working fluid can circulate reversibly.
  • the sensors S1 and S2 are sensors that detect (sense) leakage of the refrigerant to the outside of the passage 61.
  • the sensor S1 is provided inside the outdoor unit 150a.
  • the sensor S2 is provided inside the indoor unit 150b.
  • the control device 170 controls the aforementioned respective members (the compressor 10a, the four-way selector valve 154, the expansion valve 30a, the release valve 159, the outdoor heat exchanger 40a, the indoor heat exchanger 20a, and the fans 160 and 161) based on detection information detected by the various sensors S1 to S8. Specifically, the control device 170 drives and controls the power supply device 172 supplying electric power to the motor of the compressor 10a so as to drive the compressor 10a.
  • the release valve 159 is openably/closably provided in the pipeline 58 branching from the passage 61 to the outside of the unit. The release valve 159 is normally closed. The release valve 159 is opened by the control device 170 when an avoiding operation is performed.
  • the four-way selector valve 154 is set as illustrated by the solid line in FIG. 5 .
  • the indoor heat exchanger 20a serves as the condenser 20 in FIG. 1
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 40a serves as the evaporator 40 in FIG. 1 .
  • a refrigeration cycle is established.
  • the pressure of the high pressure refrigerant is reduced by the expansion valve 30a to be formed into a low pressure refrigerant (at a dot d4 in FIG. 5 ). Then, the low pressure refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 40a.
  • the low pressure refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 40a absorbs heat from the outdoor air and is evaporated.
  • the evaporated low pressure refrigerant passes through the four-way selector valve 154, and is sucked into the compressor 10a via the dot d1 in FIG. 5 . Then, the sucked low pressure refrigerant is compressed and discharged again as a high pressure refrigerant. This operation is repeated to perform the heating operation of the air conditioning apparatus 150.
  • the working fluid used in the invention preferably contains HFO-1123, and may further contain, if necessary, optional components that are described later.
  • the content of HFO-1123 based on 100 mass% of the working fluid is preferably 10 mass% or more, more preferably from 20 to 80 mass%, further more preferably from 40 to 80 mass%, and still further more preferably from 40 to 60 mass%.
  • the working fluid used in the present invention preferably contains HFO-1123.
  • any optional compounds that are usually used as working fluids may be contained as long as they do not impair the effect of the present invention.
  • optional compounds include HFCs, HFOs (HFCs each having a carbon-carbon double bond) other than HFO-1123, and other components that can be vaporized or liquefied together with HFO-1123.
  • Preferred optical components are HFCs, and HFOs (HFCs each having a carbon-carbon double bond) other than HFO-1123.
  • the inlet temperature for example, in the evaporator decreases so that frosting is more likely to occur.
  • a working fluid flowing in a heat exchanger and a heat source fluid such as water or air are made to flow as counter-current flows against each other in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Since the temperature difference of the heat source fluid is small in a stable operation state, it is difficult to obtain a heat cycle system with a good energy efficiency in the case of a non-azeotropic mixture fluid with a large temperature gradient. Accordingly, when a mixture is used as the working fluid, it is desired that the working fluid has an appropriate temperature gradient.
  • HFC-32 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and HFC-125
  • HFC-32 1,1-difluoroethane
  • HFC-143a 1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • HFC-134 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC-134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC-125 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and HFC-125
  • HFC-32 1,1-difluoroethane
  • HFC-143a 1,1,1-trifluoroethane
  • HFC-134 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC-134a 1,1,1,2-
  • the coefficient of performance can be improved when the content of HFO-1234yf or HFO-1234ze falls within the range of from 1 to 99 mass%.
  • the working fluid in the composition range (S) is extremely low in GWP and small in temperature gradient.
  • refrigeration cycle performance high enough to replace the R410A in the background art can be exhibited also from the viewpoint of the coefficient of performance, the refrigeration capacity and the critical temperature.
  • the total content of HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf in 100 mass% of the working fluid is more preferably from 80 to 100 mass%, further more preferably from 90 to 100 mass%, and particularly preferably from 95 to 100 mass%.
  • composition range (P) the abbreviation of each compound designates the proportion (mass%) of the compound to the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf and HFC-32.
  • R a composition range
  • M a composition range
  • the total amount of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf and HFC-32 described specifically is more than 90 mass% and 100 mass% or less based on the entire amount of the working fluid for the heat cycle.
  • the working fluid having the above composition is a working fluid having respective properties of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf and HFC-32 in a balanced manner, and avoiding defects of the respective components. That is, the working fluid is a working fluid which has a low GWP and ensures durability while having a small temperature gradient and having a high performance and efficiency when used for the heat cycle, and thus, favorable cycle performance is obtained by the working fluid.
  • the upper limit of the temperature gradient is decreased, and the lower limit of the product of the relative coefficient of performance and the relative refrigeration capacity is increased.
  • another working fluid used in the present invention contains HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125 and HFO-1234yf. With this composition, flammability of the working fluid can be controlled.
  • the proportion of the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125 and HFO-1234yf is more than 90 mass% and 100 mass% or less based on the entire amount of the working fluid, and the proportion of HFO-1123 is 3 mass% or more and 35 mass% or less, the proportion of HFC-134a is 10 mass% or more and 53 mass% or less, the proportion of HFC-125 is 4 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less, and the proportion of HFO-1234yf is 5 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less, based on the total amount of HFO-1123, HFC-134a, HFC-125 and HFO-1234yf.
  • Such a working fluid is a working fluid being non-flammable, having excellent safety, having less influence on the ozone layer and global warming, and having excellent cycle performance when used for a heat cycle system.
  • the working fluid used in a composition for the heat cycle system in the present invention may contain carbon dioxide, a hydrocarbon, a chlorofluoroolefin (CFO), a hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) and the like, other than the aforementioned optional component.
  • CFO chlorofluoroolefin
  • HCFO hydrochlorofluoroolefin
  • the other optional component a component which has less influence on the ozone layer and has less influence on global warming is preferred.
  • hydrocarbon examples include propane, propylene, cyclopropane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane and the like.
  • hydrocarbons One kind of such hydrocarbons may be used alone or two or more kinds of them may be used in combination.
  • the working fluid contains a hydrocarbon
  • its content is less than 10 mass%, preferably from 1 to 5 mass%, and more preferably from 3 to 5 mass%, based on 100 mass% of the working fluid.
  • the content of the hydrocarbon is equal to or more than the lower limit, the solubility of a mineral refrigerator oil in the working fluid is more favorable.
  • the CFO examples include chlorofluoropropene, chlorofluoroethylene and the like.
  • the CFO is preferably 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (CFO-1214ya), 1,3-dichloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (CFO-1214yb) or 1,2-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethylene (CFO-1112).
  • the working fluid contains the CFO
  • its content is less than 10 mass%, preferably from 1 to 8 mass%, and more preferably from 2 to 5 mass%, based on 100 mass% of the working fluid.
  • the content of the CFO is equal to or more than the lower limit, the flammability of the working fluid can be easily controlled.
  • the content of the CFO is equal to or less than the upper limit, favorable cycle performance is likely to be obtained.
  • HCFOs may be used alone or two or more kinds of them may be used in combination.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP16885119.4A 2016-01-12 2016-12-22 Kältekreislaufvorrichtung und kältekreislaufsystem Withdrawn EP3404342A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016003873 2016-01-12
PCT/JP2016/088446 WO2017122517A1 (ja) 2016-01-12 2016-12-22 冷凍サイクル装置及び熱サイクルシステム

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3404342A1 true EP3404342A1 (de) 2018-11-21
EP3404342A4 EP3404342A4 (de) 2019-08-28

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EP16885119.4A Withdrawn EP3404342A4 (de) 2016-01-12 2016-12-22 Kältekreislaufvorrichtung und kältekreislaufsystem

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180320942A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3404342A4 (de)
JP (1) JPWO2017122517A1 (de)
CN (1) CN109073295A (de)
WO (1) WO2017122517A1 (de)

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CN114656927A (zh) 2019-01-30 2022-06-24 大金工业株式会社 含有制冷剂的组合物、以及使用该组合物的冷冻方法、冷冻装置的运转方法和冷冻装置
CN113366268A (zh) 2019-02-05 2021-09-07 大金工业株式会社 含有制冷剂的组合物以及使用该组合物的冷冻方法、冷冻装置的运转方法和冷冻装置
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JPWO2021019687A1 (de) * 2019-07-30 2021-02-04
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EP3118542B1 (de) * 2014-03-14 2021-05-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kühlkreisvorrichtung
EP3121243A4 (de) * 2014-03-17 2017-11-08 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Arbeitsmedium für wärmekreisläufe, zusammensetzung für wärmekreislaufsysteme und wärmekreislaufsystem

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EP3404342A4 (de) 2019-08-28
CN109073295A (zh) 2018-12-21

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