EP3411678A1 - Procédé et système pour détecter et quantifier la lumière du jour utilisant des capteurs non optiques - Google Patents

Procédé et système pour détecter et quantifier la lumière du jour utilisant des capteurs non optiques

Info

Publication number
EP3411678A1
EP3411678A1 EP17701725.8A EP17701725A EP3411678A1 EP 3411678 A1 EP3411678 A1 EP 3411678A1 EP 17701725 A EP17701725 A EP 17701725A EP 3411678 A1 EP3411678 A1 EP 3411678A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
daylight
sensor
thermopile
photo
indoor region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17701725.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mathan Kumar GOPAL SAMY
Maulin Dahyabhai PATEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Signify Holding BV
Original Assignee
Philips Lighting Holding BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Lighting Holding BV filed Critical Philips Lighting Holding BV
Publication of EP3411678A1 publication Critical patent/EP3411678A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J1/4204—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors with determination of ambient light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/0228—Control of working procedures; Failure detection; Spectral bandwidth calculation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J1/4228—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors arrangements with two or more detectors, e.g. for sensitivity compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/025—Interfacing a pyrometer to an external device or network; User interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
    • G01J5/0846—Optical arrangements having multiple detectors for performing different types of detection, e.g. using radiometry and reflectometry channels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J5/12—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/11—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the brightness or colour temperature of ambient light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/115—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the presence or movement of objects or living beings
    • H05B47/13—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the presence or movement of objects or living beings by using passive infrared detectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/56—Operating, guiding or securing devices or arrangements for roll-type closures; Spring drums; Tape drums; Counterweighting arrangements therefor
    • E06B9/68—Operating devices or mechanisms, e.g. with electric drive
    • E06B2009/6809—Control
    • E06B2009/6818—Control using sensors
    • E06B2009/6827—Control using sensors sensing light
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds
    • E06B9/28—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable
    • E06B9/30—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable liftable
    • E06B9/32—Operating, guiding, or securing devices therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J2001/4266—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors for measuring solar light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J2005/0077—Imaging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of light management systems and more particularly to a method and a system for controlling light distribution in a space including one or more installed light sources and an external light source.
  • the performance of daylight harvesting lighting control system is tightly linked to the performance of the photo-sensor that senses the ambient light.
  • Low cost photo-sensors in general are inaccurate and deteriorate over the lifetime of the device. Because such sensors measure light (direct/reflected, artificial/natural) accumulated at the photodiode, they cannot distinguish between light from artificial (e.g., luminaires) and natural sources (e.g., sunlight).
  • the photo-sensor responds differently to daylight compared to the artificial light (e.g., such sensors are more sensitive to daylight than artificial light).
  • the response time of electric lights is faster than blinds, it can bridge the gap quickly while the blind system is slowly opening the slats. After the set point has been reached due to the brightening of electric lights, the blinds stop opening further. Thus a steady state is reached where blinds are partially open and electric lights are illuminating at a level that is not optimal for saving energy. This issue can be mitigated if the sensor can distinguish between daylight and artificial light. This will enable the system to realize that the blinds need to open further because there is some room to harvest more daylight - even though the set point may have been reached due to mixed (daylight + artificial) light.
  • many current systems employ data loggers for estimating energy savings potential for occupancy sensing and daylight harvesting lighting control systems. These loggers log the occupancy and illuminance data to find out when the space was unoccupied and lights were left on. Whether lights are turned on or off is estimated based on sudden changes in illuminance. Because the photo-sensor in such current data logger systems cannot distinguish between daylight and artificial light, a sudden change in daylight (e.g., someone closing or opening the blinds, or a cloud passing by) can be improperly interpreted as artificial lights being switched on or off. This issue can be overcome if the system's sensor(s) can distinguish between daylight and artificial lights.
  • daylight e.g., someone closing or opening the blinds, or a cloud passing by
  • a system in which daylight is detected and quantified using a combination of visual and non-visual sensors.
  • an indoor region (a "lighting zone") is monitored with a thermopile array and at least one photo-sensor.
  • the raw sensor outputs of these devices are filtered, processed and operated on by algorithms in real-time.
  • a process will then perform on-sight estimation of the zone's exposure to daylight (e.g., "yes/no"), level of daylight (e.g., "high/medium/low”), and estimated daylight intensity (e.g., "700 lux").
  • calibration of the sensors is performed after the system is installed.
  • measurements of light level and thermopile array readings at different dimming levels with (say, at mid-day) and without (say, at night) presence of daylight are then developed from these data points that can estimate: a) Whether daylight is present or not given the data from photo-sensor and
  • thermopile array A simple threshold-based approach can be followed.
  • a simple binary decision tree (BDT) classifier shall be developed using the data collected in the step above. When daylight is present, the BDT classifier shall generate one of the labels (high, medium, low), based on recent real-time data, to qualitatively measure the daylight. Some of the cut values or supervised labels required can be developed apriori.
  • a more sophisticated regression model can be developed (either on-site or off-site) to estimate the amount of daylight (in lux) present in the zone of measurement.
  • This model again exploits light dimming level, photo-sensor level, and thermopile readings.
  • Alternative embodiments would learn this on-sight after installation or pre-calculate before installation.
  • PIR Pyroelectric Infrared
  • a PIR sensor detects motion when voltage generated by its pyroelectric sensor crosses a certain threshold.
  • this threshold is a factory setting - meaning they are not learned on-site after installation. Due to lack of adaptive threshold, PIRs are error-prone. This is especially true when the difference between foreground and background temperatures fluctuate (e.g., ceiling and floor in the case of a ceiling mounted sensor). For example, long exposure of a zone to high levels of daylight may increase the background temperature and hence result in erroneous PIR output.
  • Embodiments of the invention can calibrate this factory-set threshold (in volts) dynamically by knowing how much daylight is available in the zone.
  • the current invention can be utilized to provide a dynamic PIR detection threshold (e.g., changing to 1 .5V from 1 .3V, as discussed below) to improve occupancy detection when daylight is present.
  • the proposed system can be stand-alone or embedded in room luminaires.
  • Additional embodiments of the invention enable a number of applications for connected lighting as follows: 1 ) Better real-time control of artificial lights through better estimation of daylight; 2) Better blind control based on improved estimate of heat gain entering the indoor space; 3) Improved PIR occupancy sensor's fidelity by dynamically controlling sensor thresholds depending on infrared radiation due to daylight.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary configuration where the invention's sensing system is deployed in a typical office building.
  • Figure 2 is a flowchart indicating the method employed by an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the configuration of an experimental room in which concepts of the invention's sensing system was tested.
  • Figure 4 is a graph depicting the results from a daylighting experiment using a commercial thermopile array.
  • the main elements of one embodiment of the current invention include: a) A sensing system in which a combination of visual and non-visual (e.g., thermal) sensors are integrated to detect overall light and temperatures of objects in the region being viewed.
  • a combination of visual and non-visual (e.g., thermal) sensors are integrated to detect overall light and temperatures of objects in the region being viewed.
  • KPIs KPIs from the raw sensor measurements.
  • KPIs KPIs to include, but be limited to:
  • this decision algorithm comprises us of:
  • one embodiment of the invention employs dynamic thresholding applied to PIR sensors depending on the information provided by one or more thermopile sensors.
  • the detection threshold for PIR sensors shall be increased slightly (e.g., 1 .5V instead of 1 .3V) to avoid false positives.
  • a sensory system is employed to measure ambient parameters such as light intensity, air temperature, infrared temperature, occupant presence, etc.
  • An on-board micro controller is directly interfaced with the sensors where each sensor is sampled and processed.
  • the list of sensors include, but are not limited to: photodiode, thermopile, thermistor, humidity sensor, etc.
  • the sensor system can be standalone or embedded in a luminaire. Further, the sensor system may be connected to a central controller or cloud where collective processing may be performed.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment where the proposed sensing system is deployed in a typical office building. In this setup, two sensor units 101 , 102 are placed in the ceiling while one 103 is placed along a back wall, facing an exterior window 1 10.
  • the window 1 10 When exposed to Sun, the window 1 10 allows daylight to penetrate into the space and heats up objects (floor, table, air etc.) inside the building.
  • the proposed system can instantaneously and quantitatively detect the presence of daylight (indicated by the area 1 12 appearing between the two dashed lines) in the sensor view regions (indicated by the areas 1 14 and 1 1 6 each appearing between two dotted lines corresponding to photosensor 1 (104) and photosensor 2 (106), respectively).
  • each sensor unit comprises a thermopile array, (107 and 108, respectively).
  • a thermopile is a non-contact sensor that measures absolute temperature using infrared radiation emitted by a heat source.
  • a thermopile array is a 2D arrangement of thermopiles.
  • a typical 8x8 thermopile array sensor divides the viewing area into 8x8 cells and provides 64 absolute temperatures per measurement, one for each cell.
  • a thermopile is fundamentally different from a pyroelectric (PIR) sensor, which only measures a temperature gradient. PIRs are insensitive to stationary occupants while thermopiles can detect non-moving individuals, as the measured absolute temperature (human body temperature) in the viewing region will be higher than that of environment.
  • PIR pyroelectric
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart depicting the method for detecting the presence of daylight in real-time, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the sensors are periodically sampled (step 205) and then filtered (step 210) to remove unwanted noise in the signal.
  • the filtered signals are then analyzed to identify if there are any occupants in the space (step 215). For example, when a zone observes both occupant and daylight, the signal source due to any occupants will dominate that of daylight. Such signals can be separated using sophisticated filters. To avoid this bias, the embodiment filters out detected occupants from the measurements. In simple cases, this means just removing the thermopile pixels (or elements) from the measurement that are impacted by occupants (step 220).
  • thermopile sensor view region there are also other standard techniques where differential operations can remove bias due to occupants without incurring significant pixel loss.
  • a number of parameters are then determined such as air temperature (Ta), median object temperature (M1 , M2) from each thermopile array, etc. This information is then used to detect whether daylight is present or not in a thermopile sensor view region.
  • Ta air temperature
  • M1 , M2 median object temperature
  • Mi is the median pixel temperature of thermopile i
  • Ta is the average air temperature computed from sensors placed in different locations.
  • k, c are coefficients that are either hard-coded or learned during training
  • daylight is determined to be present in each area being monitored by a thermopile array.
  • the level of daylight is then estimated using solar heat gain.
  • solar heat gains are typically computed using solar irradiance, a window heat transfer function and a space transfer function.
  • Embodiments of the invention extract this information from the thermopile measurements where calibration is performed prior to installation, and the transfer coefficients are learned on-site. For usage in various control techniques, embodiments of the current invention will thereby characterize daylight (if present) into one of high, medium, and low categories.
  • embodiments of the invention employ a regression model learned either on-site or off-site.
  • the amount of daylight entering the space is then estimated using data obtained from thermopile arrays and photo-sensors.
  • thermopile arrays were placed in an indoor space which has a south facing window 330.
  • the sensors were placed facing each other along the east 315 and west 325 walls of the room.
  • a data measurement was carried out for about 30 minutes where during the first 15 minutes (1 6:00 to 1 6:15) the window was blocked completely preventing daylight entry into the space.
  • the window blocks were removed exposing the room to solar radiation.
  • sensor 2 (320) had direct exposure to solar radiation 340 while sensor 1 (310) was exposed to the wall (325) that received direct irradiance.
  • Fig. 4 show the results from the above experiment as a function of time.
  • the graph shows the median temperatures of each (64 pixel) thermopile array measured every second during the experiment. It can be observed that both sensors show detectable increase/decrease in median temperature in presence/absence of daylight respectively. The intensity of temperature increase depends on the sensor's exposure (orientation, in this case). For example, the median temperature of sensor 2 (item 320), directly exposed to solar irradiation, is increased by about 9 degrees F; while that of sensor 1 (item 310) rose about 4 degrees F.
  • the experimental results illustrated in Fig. 4 provide two examples of the invention's ability to detect sunlight using one or more thermopile arrays.
  • Embodiments of the invention have various applications in HVAC systems.
  • thermostats are set to standard cooling/heating setpoints and are often unchanged.
  • a number of factors determine optimal setpoints in order to achieve improved comfort and increased energy savings in buildings.
  • solar heat gain due to incoming daylight increases air temperature of a thermal zone.
  • this can be used to reduce cooling load by lowering the heating setpoint by a few degrees.
  • this heat gain adversely impacts cooling systems which can be again mitigated by adjusted setpoints for increased comfort or by adjusting blinds for increased energy savings for cooling.
  • Embodiments of the invention will help making such choices of dynamically adjusting thermostat setpoints in real-time as an estimate of daylight entering the space can be determined (and from which determination, solar heat gain can be estimated more accurately).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système correspondant dans lesquels l'éclairement global d'un environnement est analysé afin de détecter et de quantifier la composante de lumière du jour de l'éclairement. L'invention utilise une combinaison de capteurs visuels et non visuels et un algorithme de traitement de signaux qui filtre et analyse les données de capteur.
EP17701725.8A 2016-02-05 2017-01-30 Procédé et système pour détecter et quantifier la lumière du jour utilisant des capteurs non optiques Withdrawn EP3411678A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662291647P 2016-02-05 2016-02-05
EP16165981 2016-04-19
PCT/EP2017/051924 WO2017134012A1 (fr) 2016-02-05 2017-01-30 Procédé et système pour détecter et quantifier la lumière du jour utilisant des capteurs non optiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3411678A1 true EP3411678A1 (fr) 2018-12-12

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3411678A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108700456A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017134012A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11414926B2 (en) 2019-02-20 2022-08-16 Mechoshade Systems, Llc Maintenance and operation of a window shade system
ES2896070T3 (es) * 2019-09-04 2022-02-23 Rade Tecnologias Sl Sistema y método para proporcionar información sobre presencia en un espacio
CN110887572B (zh) * 2019-12-02 2021-03-09 中国船舶工业系统工程研究院 一种基于温度测量的用于反演太阳辐照的凸台装置
CN117501075A (zh) * 2021-06-23 2024-02-02 三菱电机株式会社 温度测量装置、温度测量方法以及电气设备

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3805165B2 (ja) * 2000-04-26 2006-08-02 三菱電機株式会社 人体検知装置及び空気調和装置
EP3723457B1 (fr) * 2011-11-03 2022-09-07 Digital Lumens Incorporated Procédés, systèmes et appareil d'éclairage intelligent
WO2013140292A2 (fr) 2012-03-20 2013-09-26 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Procédé de commande de l'angle et de la hauteur des lames de store d'un store à un seul moteur
US9271375B2 (en) * 2013-02-25 2016-02-23 Leviton Manufacturing Company, Inc. System and method for occupancy sensing with enhanced functionality
JP6820742B2 (ja) * 2013-08-15 2021-01-27 シグニファイ ホールディング ビー ヴィＳｉｇｎｉｆｙ Ｈｏｌｄｉｎｇ Ｂ．Ｖ． 照明制御装置
US9814410B2 (en) * 2014-05-06 2017-11-14 Stryker Corporation Person support apparatus with position monitoring

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WO2017134012A1 (fr) 2017-08-10
CN108700456A (zh) 2018-10-23

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