Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
  • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
  • H01G11/60—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
  • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
  • H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/20—Semi-lead accumulators, i.e. accumulators in which only one electrode contains lead
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
  • H01M2300/002—Inorganic electrolyte
  • H01M2300/0022—Room temperature molten salts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
  • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
  • H01M2300/0045—Room temperature molten salts comprising at least one organic ion
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Definitions

• the invention is related to the preparation of ionic fluids comprising zinc and alum inium nitrate.
• Said ionic fluids are usable as electrolyte and may be implemented to the present battery technology and super capacitors.
• the medium where the energy storage of battery and super capacitor technologies are made contains water or organic solvent ; or ionic fluid.
• I onic fluids which have larger potential compared to organic solvents, increase energy density in battery and the super capacitor. I onic fluids have an opportunity to be used especially in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell ( DSSC) technology. Deep eutectic solvents which have become a rival to ionic fluids with their ability to reach high conductivity levels and be produced efficiently and in a cost-effective manner, are an attractive fluid technology.
• I n this group involving the mixtures presented in the invention mixtures prepared with Zinc (Zn) and Aluminium (Al) chloride, which have been presented before, have given efficient results. Besides, m ixtures prepared with Zn(N0 3 ) 2 :cholinechloride reached the most efficient conductivity values.
• Deep Eutectic Solvents present a solution close to the performance of ionic fluids with a relatively much easier production process. These solvents made up with the metallic salts used and hydrogen donors, however, show a conductivity a little lower than ionic fluids. Com monly, choline-chloride and urea have been used in these studies by mixing into metal salts.
• US8518298A The invention of this patent document is related to eutectic mixtures containing multivalent metal ions. I n the invention , zinc nitrate is also used in the preparation of eutectic mixtures and this mixture is also of low temperature ionic fluids. Liana Anicai et al . : I n this document ; choline-chloride based ionic fluids are mentioned.
• Nitrate salts of transition metals zinc (Zn) and aluminium (Al) are more viscose at room temperature since they have lower melting points compared to chlorine salts used in the previous studies. For this reason , zinc nitrate (Zn(N0 3 ) 2 ) : Choline-Chloride m ixture gives a higher conductivity value compared to other mixtures.
• AI(N0 3 ) 3 aluminium nitrate (AI(N0 3 ) 3 ) salt used in this study for the first time, was found to be more successful compared to other solvents at the charge and high energy storage density points because of high load carrier complex aluminium ions it contains. For this reason , AI(N0 3 ) 3 :CholineChloride, AI( N0 3 ) 3 : Urea and AI(N0 3 ) 3 : EG is present among the m ixtures presented. These m ixtures give results double the conductivity value Zn(N0 3 ) 2 : CholineChloride mixture has given .
• the abovementioned mixtures can be implemented to the present battery technology and super capacitors, since they do not contain toxic and combustive materials, they can be packed without requiring casing and therefore, can be used in flexible storage means. Also in solar battery usages, the abovementioned mixtures can be used. Hence, electricity as a result of photochemical effect can be obtained by application between the electrodes which will capture light. Due to their conductivity levels being high and they are prepared in an easy manner, by the specified mixture, it can allow the production of cost-effective and efficient solar batteries.
• Zn(N0 3 ) 2 salt is mixed with particular proportions of ethylene glycol ( EG) .
• Mole ratios vary between 4: 1 and 1 :5 for Zn(N0 3 ) 2 : EG.
• conductivity level in the m ixture having 3 : 1 ratio at 20°C is 32 mS/cm .
• I n the mixture having 1 :2 ratio, 37 mS/cm conductivity level is presented.
• the mixture is prepared by stirring in the range of 70-120°C for 70-1000 revolutions/ minute. During the procedure, the effect of humidity should be avoided. The stirring is continued until a colourless and viscose fluid is obtained. This duration varies between 10 m inutes and 2 hours according to mixture proportions.
• AI(N0 3 ) 3 salt is m ixed with particular proportions of choline-chloride, urea and/or ethylene glycol. With these m ixtures, conductivity levels up to 52 mS/cm have been reached.
• Mole ratios vary between 4: 1 and 1 :5 for AI(N0 3 ) 3 : CholineChloride.
• the m ixture is prepared by stirring in the range of 70- 120 °C for 70- 1000 revolutions/minute. During the procedure, the effect of humidity should be avoided. The stirring is continued until a colourless and viscose fluid is obtained. This duration varies between ten m inutes and two hours according to mixture proportions.
• the m ixture is prepared by stirring in the range of 70- 120 °C for 70- 1000 revolutions/minute. During the procedure, the effect of humidity should be avoided. The stirring is continued until a colourless and viscose fluid is obtained. This duration varies between ten m inutes and two hours according to mixture proportions.
• the mixture is prepared by stirring in the range of 70-120°C for 70-1000 revolutions/ minute. During the procedure, the effect of humidity should be avoided. The stirring is continued until a colourless and viscose fluid is obtained. This duration varies between ten minutes and two hours according to mixture proportions.
• Solution Purified Water volume ratios vary between 1 :20 and 6: 1 .
• I t was observed that in the use of ionic fluids prepared in relation to the invention in storage devices where zinc and aluminium electrodes were used, it provided further increase in energy density.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Hybrid Cells (AREA)

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• 2017
  • 2017-03-21 EP EP17721478.0A patent/EP3440731A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-03-21 WO PCT/TR2017/050105 patent/WO2017176229A1/en not_active Ceased

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