EP3443051A1 - Dispositif et procede de cogeneration de methanol et de methane de synthese - Google Patents
Dispositif et procede de cogeneration de methanol et de methane de syntheseInfo
- Publication number
- EP3443051A1 EP3443051A1 EP17721783.3A EP17721783A EP3443051A1 EP 3443051 A1 EP3443051 A1 EP 3443051A1 EP 17721783 A EP17721783 A EP 17721783A EP 3443051 A1 EP3443051 A1 EP 3443051A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- hydrogenation
- syngas
- methanol
- methanation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
- C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
- C07C29/152—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for hydrogenation of CO2 to produce methanol, a process for hydrogenation of CO2 to produce methanol, a methanol cogeneration device and synthetic methane and a process for cogeneration of methanol and methane. synthesis. It applies in particular to the storage of intermittent electrical energy in the form of a storable chemical product.
- methane is the major constituent of a fossil energy: natural gas; and methanol is mostly made from fossil fuels (coal, oil or natural gas),
- methane allows the production of nitrogenous derivatives (ammonia, urea, nitric acid) allowing the manufacture of fertilizers, for example, and
- CH3OH methanol
- methanol and methane can be synthesized by hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) or carbon monoxide (CO).
- CO2 carbon dioxide
- CO3 carbon monoxide
- Synthesis gas technologies containing CO, CO2, and H2 from biosourced raw materials are currently available. They are for example based on the gasification of biomass or the high temperature electrolysis of a mixture of water and CO2.
- the overproduction of electricity is generally intermittent, the challenge of current technologies is to propose a recovery process capable of managing these fluctuations and intermittency.
- the process since the market and the demand for methanol are not constant, the process must also allow a continuous valuation of electricity surpluses and CO2 emissions in an easily storable and recoverable vector.
- the method must make it possible to guarantee a production stability of a compound having the highest added value.
- thermochemical conversion of a synthesis gas into methanol or synthetic methane there are numerous methods in the technical literature dedicated to the thermochemical conversion of a synthesis gas into methanol or synthetic methane.
- the first methanol synthesis reactor was developed by BASF in 1923 under the name "BASF High Pressure". It was operated at 350 ° C and 250 - 350 bar with a zinc-resistant (sulfur-tolerant) catalyst.
- ICI developed a so-called low-pressure technology, which uses an adiabatic fixed-bed reactor, where the temperature is controlled by injecting different fractions of the recycled gas and gas mixture into different stages of the reactor. while the other part of the mixture is reheated and returned to the top of the reactor.
- Kellogg, Brown and Root now Halliburton have developed adiabatic reactors based on the principle of the TREMP Synthetic Methane Production Reactor (Topsoe's Recycle Energy-Efficient Methanation Process).
- Haldor Topsoe has developed a variant of this process called CMD reactor (Collect
- isothermal reactors for the production of methanol differ in the techniques used to control the exothermicity of the reactions.
- this technological family includes technological subsets that are: the exchanger reactors, where the reaction medium gives up its excess heat by indirect exchange with a coolant contained in tubes passing through the catalytic layer.
- the Tube Cooled Converter Johnson Mattey For example, the Tube Cooled Converter Johnson Mattey.
- BWR boiling water reactors
- the technical literature for example, refers to the "Linde Isothermal Reactor", the “Steam Raising Converter” or the “Radial Steam Raising Converter” by Davy JM (Johnson
- GB 2202531, US4956392, US5512599 and US2007 / 0299146 disclose methods using a cooling device integrated in the reactor without however describing it.
- US5216034 patent proposes to adapt to the fluidized bed the principle of the subdivision of the reactor with intermediate cooling and extraction of the product synthesized between each stage and the final output.
- US20070027220 patent proposes to manage the exothermicity of the reaction by introducing the reagents at a sufficiently low temperature to absorb the excess of thermal energy released by the reaction.
- Methanation discovered in the early twentieth century by the French chemist Paul Sabatier, is to convert the carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst, usually based on nickel (or other metal transition of the periodic table of elements), to produce methane.
- the methanation reaction is also very exothermic.
- the reaction is favored by the pressure and disadvantaged by the temperature.
- the reactor In the case of fixed beds specifically designed for methanation, the reactor generally takes the form of a multitubular reactor; the catalyst being disposed inside the tubes (TWR - Throughwall Cooled Reactor).
- the coolant may be water, an organic liquid or a mixture of body fluids.
- the temperature control is easy and can be ensured by the boiling of the coolant (US 266291 1, US 2740803).
- the catalyst is directly impregnated with the walls of the cooled tubes in order to maximize heat exchange.
- This form of reactor opens the technology towards the notion of intensified reactors.
- reactor cooled by the walls is not to dispose the catalyst in the tubes but instead to integrate a dense bundle of cooled tubes within a catalytic bed (US4636365, US6958153, US4339413).
- the BWR reactor system has also recently been adapted for CO2 methanation and is likely applicable to the methanation of a gasification or co-electrolysis syngas.
- the solutions currently proposed in a fluidized bed are distinguished between them on how to ensure the cooling of the reactor.
- the technical literature describes the Thyssen COMFLUX reactor.
- Exchanger tubes arranged vertically in the reactor and suspended from the sky of the disengagement zone ensures the evacuation of heat (US4539016). Cooling is provided by the boiling of a liquid, which may be water.
- the pilot plant implemented at Gussing by the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) (EP1568674A1, WO2009 / 007061 A1) implemented a cooling system constituted, in a similar manner to the device retained by COMFLUX, by a vertically arranged bundle of tubes. in bed (Schildhauer T., 2010).
- Previous ENGIE (formerly GDF SUEZ) patents concerning fluidized bed methanation mainly offer technical solutions to control the isothermicity of the reactor.
- a first solution is to cool the reactor by superheated steam and a second is to provide cooling by direct injection of liquid water within the fluidized layer.
- Chinese patent application CN104232195A / 2014 mentions a method for producing methanol and liquefied synthetic methane from coke gas (hb, CHU, CO).
- the coke gas is mixed after various purification steps with CO2 contained in the combustion fumes and previously separated by absorption with amines.
- a first reaction step consists in reacting the syngas H2, CO and CO2 to produce CH3OH.
- the excess of syngas is then converted into synthetic methane through two or three reactors positioned in series.
- US2014323600 describes a process for converting carbon monoxide for the conversion of carbon monoxide by hydrogenation to methanol.
- the process utilizes the initial priming of carbon monoxide prior to introduction of the hydrogen dioxide / carbon dioxide mixture into the reactor. Once the reaction conditions are established, the carbon monoxide feed can be removed and any required carbon monoxide supplied by the reactor effluent recycle. The process improves the performance and life of the catalyst.
- the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these disadvantages.
- the present invention provides a cogeneration device for methanol and synthetic methane, which comprises:
- a device for hydrogenating CO2 to produce methanol from a syngas comprising:
- said hydrogenation device comprising:
- hydrogenation a CO2 hydrogenation reactor for producing methanol, hereinafter referred to as "hydrogenation”, comprising:
- a first recirculation pipe cold syngas in excess at the outlet of the condenser, connecting the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the hydrogenation reactor, comprising a recirculator, called the "second recirculator", of said syngas,
- a methanation reactor comprising:
- an output for methanation reaction products comprising at least synthetic methane.
- the methanol production rate can be produced according to a specific demand downstream of the device object of the present invention.
- the hydrogenation device comprises:
- a first recirculation line at least a portion of the hot products of the hydrogenation reaction connecting the reactor outlet, downstream of a junction between the first recirculation pipe, at the inlet of the reactor, downstream a syngas flow measurement point, comprising a recirculator, said "first recirculator", of said part of the reaction products,
- a means for measuring the flow of syngas passing through the inlet of the reactor positioned upstream of a junction between the recirculation line and the inlet of the reactor and control means of the first recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of hydrogenation reaction products determined according to the measured syngas flow rate and a first predetermined setpoint value.
- the device allows the device to guarantee a flow rate through the reactor that is constant with respect to the design assumptions.
- the recirculated gas being at the reaction temperature, no thermal effect is to be expected by the supply of this gas to the reactor.
- These provisions give this device a great flexibility of operation, very important property for operation in line with the intermittency of renewable electricity generation systems.
- the device has a dual flexibility: one relating to the amount of hb available at the input and the other relating to the demand for MeOH output.
- the hydrogenation device comprises a reaction temperature sensor in the or at the outlet of the hydrogenation reactor, the input for syngas of the reactor comprising a heat exchanger whose outlet temperature is determined. depending on the sensed reaction temperature.
- the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises: a second recirculation pipe, at least a portion of the hot products of the methanation reaction connecting the outlet of the methanation reactor to the inlet of the reactor of methanation, comprising a recirculator, called "third recirculator", of said part of the products,
- control means of the third recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of hot methanation reaction products determined as a function of the measured syngas flow rate and a third predetermined setpoint value.
- the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises a water separator contained in the methanation products. These embodiments make it possible to remove water from the synthetic methane stream so as to meet the methane injection specifications on a gas network.
- the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises: a second recirculation pipe, cold synthetic methane leaving the separator, connecting the outlet of the separator and the inlet of the methanation reactor, upstream of the measuring the flow of syngas by the measuring means, comprising a recirculator, called the "fourth recirculator", of said synthetic methane,
- control means of the fourth recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of synthetic methane determined as a function of the measured temperature.
- the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises: a means for measuring a composition characteristic of the synthetic methane leaving the methanation reactor and
- the device which is the subject of the present invention comprises a syngas expander between the hydrogenation device and the inlet of the methanation reactor or downstream of the methanation reactor.
- the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises, upstream of the expander, a heat exchanger whose output temperature is determined as a function of a temperature of the measured syngas, by a means of temperature measurement downstream. of the regulator.
- the present invention aims at a process for cogeneration of methanol and of synthetic methane, which comprises:
- H2 for example from a step of electrolysis of water, H2O, and
- a methanation reaction step carried out by a methanation reactor, comprising:
- an output step for methanation reaction products comprising at least synthetic methane.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention comprises: a step of measuring the flow of syngas passing through the inlet of the methanation reactor positioned upstream of a junction between a second recirculation line connecting the outlet of the methanation reactor to the inlet of the methanation reactor, comprising a recirculator, said "Third recirculator",
- control step of the third recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of methanation reaction products determined as a function of the measured syngas flow rate and of a predetermined predetermined setpoint value
- FIG. 1 represents, schematically, a first particular embodiment of the device that is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 2 represents, schematically and in the form of a logic diagram, a particular sequence of steps of the process of hydrogenation of CO2 to produce methanol which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 3 represents, schematically and in the form of a logic diagram, a particular sequence of steps of the cogeneration process which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 4 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the molar fraction of carbon converted into CH 3 OH or CHU as a function of a recirculation ratio obtained by the implementation of the cogeneration device object of the present invention
- FIG. 5 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the molar fraction of carbon converted into CH 3 OH or CHU as a function of the temperature of the hydrogenation reactor obtained by the implementation of the cogeneration device which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 6 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the Wobbe index and the PCS as a function of a recirculation ratio obtained by the implementation of the cogeneration device object of the present invention
- FIG. 7 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the ratio H2 / CO2 as a function of a temperature of the hydrogenation reactor obtained by the implementation of the hydrogenation device which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 8 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the ratio H2 / CO2 as a function of a recirculation rate obtained by the implementation of the hydrogenation device which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 9 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the temperature at the outlet of the exchanger, upstream of the hydrogenation reaction, as a function of the temperature of the hydrogenation reactor obtained by the implementation of the device.
- FIG. 10 represents, in the form of a graph, an example of the temperature at the exchanger outlet, upstream of the hydrogenation reaction, as a function of the recirculation rate obtained by the implementation of the object hydrogenation device of the present invention.
- each feature of an embodiment being able to be combined with any other feature of any other embodiment in an advantageous manner.
- each parameter of an exemplary embodiment can be implemented independently of other parameters of said exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of one embodiment of the device 100 which is the subject of the present invention.
- the CO2 hydrogenation device 100 for producing methanol from a syngas comprising:
- Dihydrogen 1 1 1, H2 for example from a device for electrolysis of water, H2O, and
- said device 100 comprising:
- a CO2 hydrogenation reactor 105 for producing methanol, called “hydrogenation”, comprising:
- an outlet 1 for products of the hydrogenation reaction comprising at least methanol, CH 3 OH or MeOH,
- means 135 for controlling the first recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of hydrogenation reaction hot products determined as a function of the measured syngas flow rate and a first predetermined value value 140.
- the device 100 comprises, upstream of the input 10 for syngas, a 1 1 1 input for dihydrogen and a 1 12 input for carbon dioxide. Each of these inputs, 1 1 1 and 1 12, is positioned downstream of production, purification and packaging units.
- the flow rate of syngas depends on the electricity available upstream of the device 100, this electricity being converted into hydrogen for example by electrolysis of water.
- the reactor 105 is a fluidized bed or fixed bed reactor partially or totally free of internal cooling tubes. This reactor 105 is configured to perform a hydrogenation reaction converting syngas to methanol and water.
- the catalytic hydrogenation reaction is known to be generally exothermic during the production of methanol. This reaction is favored in a temperature range between 200 and 320 ° C and high pressures generally greater than 70 bar.
- the reactor technologies generally used are classified into two families:
- the adiabatic reactors requiring several stages coupled in series with intermediate cooling to reach a satisfactory hydrogenation and the isothermal reactors making it possible to achieve a satisfactory hydrogenation in a single step by extracting the reaction heat integrated in the reactor 105 through exchange surfaces.
- the reactor 105 implemented by the present embodiment can be classified among the "isothermal" reactors.
- the cooling does not require the installation of submerged surfaces or just requires a partial installation to ensure the heat exchange with the catalytic layer.
- Outlet 1 of reactor 105 carries mainly water and methanol as well as excess syngas.
- the excess of CO2 and H2 is consistent with the equilibrium of the hydrogenation reaction which depends on the operating conditions of temperatures and pressures.
- the syngas flow rate variations, due to inconstant production parameters, can have a significant impact on the hydrodynamic and consequently thermal regime of the hydrogenation reactor 105.
- the present invention aims, for this purpose, a set formed by the recirculation line 120, the recirculator 125, the syngas flow measurement means 130 at the inlet 10 of the reactor 105 and the control means 135 of the recirculator 125.
- the set has flexibility in a much wider range with a quasi-constant flow rate and thus a high conversion stability to the hydrogenation reactor 105.
- the first recirculation pipe 120 is, for example, a bypass of all or part of the flow from the reactor 105 to the inlet 1 10 of the reactor 105.
- This first pipe 120 comprises a recirculator 125, the recirculator 125 being, for example:
- a mechanical booster comprising a speed variator or
- an assembly comprising a constant speed mechanical booster and a flow control system.
- Recirculating a hot recirculation fluid with a composition equivalent to the composition within the reactor 105 through the hydrogenation reactor 105 has no impact on the thermal and thermochemical equilibrium of this reaction but maintains a hydrodynamic flow rate. stable.
- This recirculation is regulated by a control loop comprising the input syngas flow measurement means 130 of the reactor 105 and the control means 135 of the recirculator 125.
- the measuring means 130 is, for example, a flowmeter configured to perform a measurement of the flow rate of syngas passing through the inlet 1 upstream of the recirculation of the hot reaction products.
- the control means 135 is, for example, an electronic control circuit configured to compare the measured flow rate and a first predetermined value, corresponding to the design flow rate of the hydrogenation reactor 105.
- the control means 135 controls the recirculation of all or part of the flow of hot products of the hydrogenation reaction in the reactor 105 so that the inlet flow 1 10 of this reactor 105 is close to the nominal flow rate of this reactor 105.
- the device 100 comprises a condenser 145, hydrogenation reaction products leaving the reactor 105, positioned downstream of a junction between the recirculation pipe 120 and the reactor. reactor outlet 1, to separate at least the methanol and water from syngas in excess following the hydrogenation reaction.
- This condenser 145 is, for example, a cooling condenser configured to act at a temperature permitting separation by condensation (-5 ° C. to 60 ° C.) of the methanol and water of the excess incondensable reagents.
- the temperature of the flow leaving the condenser 145 is less than or equal to the dew point temperature of methanol and water under the operating conditions of the hydrogenation reactor.
- the energy recovered in the condenser 145 by cooling the hydrogenation reaction products corresponds to the heat of the conversion reactions in the hydrogenation reactor 105, supplemented by the latent heats of vapor / gas phase change (vaporization / condensation) of the methanol and water.
- the condenser 145 may be for example a single condensing unit (exchanger or quench by water injection) or a set of exchangers in series or parallel allowing the recovery of heat at different temperatures.
- the device 100 comprises:
- a first recirculation pipe 150 cold syngas in excess at the outlet of the condenser 145, connecting the outlet 155 of the condenser and the inlet 1 of the hydrogenation reactor 105, upstream of the measurement point of the syngas flow by the means 130 of measurement, comprising a recirculator 160, called “second recirculator" of said syngas,
- means 165 for measuring the flow rate of methanol condensed by the condenser 145 and a means 170 for controlling the second recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of products in excess of the hydrogenation reaction determined as a function of the condensed methanol flow rate measured and a second predetermined value 175.
- the first pipe 150 is, for example, a bypass of all or part of the incondensable flow from the condenser 145 to the inlet 1 10 of the reactor 105.
- This first pipe 150 comprises a recirculator 160, the recirculator 160 being, for example:
- a mechanical booster comprising a speed variator or
- the syngas is completed by a flow corresponding to the recirculation of a portion of the incondensable reagents recovered at the outlet of the condenser 145, the other outlet of the condenser 145 containing mainly methanol and water in the liquid phase.
- the methanol flow measurement means 165 condensed by the condenser 145 is, for example, a flow meter configured to perform a measurement of the volume flow rate of methanol and water leaving the condenser 145 and a liquid chromatography for measuring the volume concentration. methanol from these condensed products.
- the flow rate of methanol is determined by the product between the volume flow rate of methanol and water discharged from the condenser 145 and the volume concentration of methanol.
- This measurement can also be carried out by a simple measurement of the volume flow rate of methanol after separation (not shown) of methanol and water for example through a distillation column.
- the control means 170 is, for example, an electronic control circuit configured to compare the measured flow rate and a second predetermined value, corresponding to a consumption of methanol measured downstream of the device 100 or to a methanol production guideline.
- the device 100 makes it possible to adjust the production rate of this higher-value compound at a rate corresponding to this demand.
- the excess syngas can be used in other applications and, in particular, in the generation of synthetic methane as described below.
- the other function of the recirculator 160 is to compensate for the pressure losses (pressure losses) mainly generated by the exchanger 185, the hydrogenation reactor 105 and the condenser 145.
- the recirculation of cold syngas in the reactor 105 makes it possible to ensure the isothermicity of this reactor 105 by simply "thermal flywheel" of the cold recirculation flow.
- the device 100 comprises a reaction temperature sensor 180 in the or at the outlet of the hydrogenation reactor 105, the input 10 for syngas of the reactor comprising a heat exchanger 185 whose output temperature is determined as a function of the sensed reaction temperature.
- the recirculation of cold syngas at the inlet of the hydrogenation reactor 105 can lead to a thermal imbalance of the reactor over or under cooling as a function of the operating temperature of the hydrogenation reactor 105.
- the recirculated cold syngas flow resulting from the mixture passes through, in these modes of embodiment, the heat exchanger 185 whose outlet temperature is regulated so as to obtain a constant hydrogenation reaction temperature.
- the sensor 180 is, for example, a temperature sensor positioned in the outlet 1 or in the reactor 105.
- FIG. 1 also shows a particular embodiment of the device 200 which is the subject of the present invention.
- This device 200 of cogeneration of methanol and synthetic methane comprises:
- a methanation reactor 205 comprising:
- an inlet 210 for part of the hydrogenation products comprising at least excess syngas following the hydrogenation reaction
- an outlet 215 for methanation reaction products comprising at least synthetic methane.
- the excess of syngas at the outlet of the condenser 145 is on the one hand recirculated in the first recirculation pipe 150 as a function of the demand for methanol and on the other hand for the co-production of synthetic methane. in the device 200.
- the syngas excess is generally recycled upstream of the process to form part of the reagents used for the production of methanol or simply purged by associated removal.
- the choice of the recirculation of this excess gives rise to a constant production which does not offer to the technology of flexible character and does not allow its adaptation to the market.
- the device 200 here makes it possible to valorize the excess as syngas for the production of synthetic methane.
- the reactor 205 is, for example, a fixed-bed methanation reactor, with a wall-cooled bed, with boiling water or preferably with a fluidized bed.
- the exchange surfaces of this reactor 205 may be partially or completely suppressed.
- the device 200 comprises:
- a second recirculation pipe 220 at least a portion of the hot products of the methanation reaction connecting the outlet of the methanation reactor to the inlet of the methanation reactor, comprising a recirculator 225, called the "third recirculator", of said part of hot products,
- the flow rate of the syngas is entirely a function of the residual amounts of hb and CO2 consecutive to the upstream stage of methanol production, this stage being a function of the demand for methanol.
- this stage being a function of the demand for methanol.
- the flow rate of syngas to be methane can be drastically reduced.
- the flow of syngas is completed by a hot recirculation directly from the outlet 215 of the reactor 205 through the second conduit 220 recirculation.
- the fact of using a hot recirculation fluid does not cause thermal imbalance of the reactor 205 but makes the device 200 very flexible.
- the second recirculation conduit 220 is, for example, a bypass of all or part of the flow from the reactor 205 to the inlet 210 of the reactor 205.
- This second conduit 220 comprises a recirculator 225, the recirculator 225 being, for example:
- a mechanical booster comprising a speed variator or
- an assembly comprising a constant speed mechanical booster and a flow control system.
- Recirculating a hot recirculation fluid with a composition equivalent to the composition within the reactor 205 through the methanation reactor 205 has no impact on the thermal and thermochemical equilibrium of this reaction, but makes it possible to maintain a stable hydrodynamic flow rate. .
- This recirculation is regulated by a control loop comprising the input syngas flow measurement means 230 of the reactor 205 and the control means 235 of the recirculator 225.
- the measuring means 230 is, for example, a flowmeter configured to perform a measurement of the flow rate of syngas passing through the inlet 210 upstream of the recirculation of the hot reaction products.
- the control means 235 is, for example, an electronic control circuit configured to compare the measured flow rate and a third predetermined value, corresponding to the design flow rate of the methanation reactor 205.
- control means 235 controls the recirculation of all or part of the product flow of the methanation reaction in the reactor 205 so that the inlet flow rate 210 of this reactor 205 is close to the nominal design flow of the reactor. this reactor 205.
- the device 200 comprises a water separator 245 contained in the methanation products.
- This separator 245 is configured to cool the synthesis gas below the dew point of the water which is substantially separated from the reaction product stream in liquid form.
- the heat usually extracted within the methanation reactor 205 is also extracted and potentially recovered in the same separator 245.
- the cooling of the gas through the separator 245 is between -5 and 60 ° C., and preferably between 5 and 40 ° C. C to remove more water contained in the synthesis gas.
- the device 200 comprises:
- a second recirculation pipe 250 cold synthetic methane at the outlet of the separator 245, connecting the outlet of the separator 245 and the inlet 210 of the methanation reactor 205, comprising a recirculator 255, called a "fourth recirculator", of said synthetic methane ,
- means 265 for controlling the fourth recirculator 255 configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of synthetic methane determined as a function of the measured temperature.
- the second pipe 250 is, for example, a bypass of all or part of the flow from the separator 245 to the inlet 210 of the reactor 205.
- This second pipe 250 includes a recirculator 255, the recirculator 255 being, for example:
- a mechanical booster comprising a speed variator
- the syngas is completed by a flow corresponding to the recirculation of a part of the cold synthetic methane recovered at the outlet of the separator 245.
- the means 260 for measuring the temperature at the outlet or in the reactor 205 is, for example, a temperature probe positioned in the outlet 215 or in the reactor 205.
- the control means 265 is, for example, an electronic control circuit configured to compare the measured temperature with a predetermined value corresponding to a nominal operating temperature of the reactor 205.
- the recirculation of the cooled synthesis gas has a double effect on the composition of the synthesis gas produced and on the cooling system of the reactor 205.
- the device 200 comprises:
- the measuring means 270 is, for example, configured to measure the PCS or the composition of the synthetic methane. Such a measurement means 270 is, for example:
- a chromatograph configured to carry out gas chromatography to measure its composition (CHU, C n H m , H2, CO, CO2, N2) and an electronic circuit for calculating the PCS of the synthetic methane according to this composition or a " calorimeter "to directly measure the PCS of synthetic methane.
- the control means 275 is, for example, an electronic control circuit configured to compare the value of the composition characteristic with the fourth predetermined value 280. Depending on the result of this comparison, the control means controls the partial or total opening or closing of a valve positioned on the inlet 1 12 for carbon dioxide.
- This chain thus has the advantage of producing a synthesis gas directly to the natural gas recovery specifications due to a regulation of the input CO2 flow rate.
- the fourth predetermined value 280 is set so as to produce a synthetic methane whose characteristics are close to the properties of the natural gas.
- the flux PCS is, for example, too small compared to the fourth predetermined value
- an increase in the flow rate of the CO2 flow control valve is put in place in order to allow a conversion of the excess H2 which may have a impact on the quality of synthetic methane.
- This regulation allows a continuous adjustment of the quality of the synthetic methane and avoids the installation of the complex and expensive steps of the specifications (membrane, absorption, etc.) to separate the H2 and / or CO2 in excess.
- the action on CO2 flow rather than H2 is preferred because H2 hydrogen production is generally a function of the amount of low cost electricity available on the grid whereas CO2 is a related reagent available in generally higher proportions. important.
- the device 200 comprises an expander 285 of the syngas between the CO2 hydrogenation device 100 to produce methanol and the inlet 210 of the methanation reactor 205 or downstream the methanation reactor 205.
- the operating pressure (injection, mobility) of the synthetic methane is not always in agreement with the operating pressure of the device 100.
- a pressure adjustment step may be necessary.
- the expander 285 is positioned upstream of the methanation reactor 205.
- the methanation reaction must be provided at a very high pressure (greater than 70 bar) with the mechanical design difficulties that this may cause. If the choice is to produce a synthetic methane at a lower operating pressure than that of the hydrogenation stage, an expansion of the excess syngas is required. This rolling can lead to a sudden cooling of the Joule-Thompson synthesis gas.
- the device 200 comprises, upstream of the expander 285, a heat exchanger 290 whose output temperature is determined as a function of a temperature of the measured syngas, by a means 295 for measuring the temperature downstream of the regulator.
- This exchanger 290 and the temperature control system associated therewith are not required when the trigger 285 is made downstream of the methanation 205.
- the flow is first preheated through an exchanger 290 and then expanded to a pressure slightly greater than the target operating pressure of the synthetic methane (injection, mobility) in order to compensate for the losses of loads through the various equipment up to the methane recovery station.
- the preheating is configured to achieve, at the outlet of the expander 285, a temperature above the dew point temperature of the CO 2 under the pressure conditions under consideration.
- the value of the outlet temperature of the exchanger 290 is determined as a function of the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means 295.
- This measuring means 295 is, for example, a temperature sensor positioned in the output line of the expander 285.
- FIG. 2 diagrammatically and in the form of a logic diagram of steps shows a particular embodiment of the method 300 that is the subject of the present invention.
- This method 300 of hydrogenation of CO2 to produce methanol from a syngas comprising:
- H2 for example from a step of electrolysis of water, H2O, and
- a step 315 of exit for products of the hydrogenation reaction comprising at least methanol, CH3OH or MeOH,
- a step 325 for controlling the first recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of hot products of the hydrogenation reaction determined as a function of the measured syngas flow rate and of a first predetermined setpoint value and a first recirculation step 330, of at least a portion of the hot products of the hydrogenation reaction in the recirculation line.
- the method 300 comprises a step 335 of condensation of the hydrogenation products to condense methanol and water.
- the method 300 comprises:
- the method 300 comprises:
- This method 300 is realized, for example, by the implementation of the device 100 as described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 3 diagrammatically and in the form of a logic diagram of steps shows a particular embodiment of the method 400 that is the subject of the present invention.
- This method 400 of cogeneration of methanol and synthetic methane comprises:
- a methanation reaction step 405 carried out by a methanation reactor comprising:
- the method 400 comprises:
- a step 425 for controlling the third recirculator configured to control the recirculation of a quantity of methanation reaction products determined as a function of the measured syngas flow rate and a third predetermined setpoint value
- the method 400 comprises a step 435 for separating water contained in the methanation products.
- the method 400 comprises:
- the method 400 comprises:
- a step 475 for regulating a flow rate of CO2 injected into the inlet 310 for syngas of the hydrogenation reactor 305 this regulation step being controlled as a function of the measured characteristic and of a fourth predetermined value.
- the method 400 comprises a step 460 for relaxing the syngas between the method 200 hydrogenation and the entry 410 of the methanation reaction 405 or downstream of the methanation reaction 405.
- the process 400 comprises, upstream of the expansion step 460, a heat exchange step 455 whose output temperature is determined according to a measured syngas temperature, during a temperature measurement step 465, downstream of the expansion step 460.
- This method 400 is realized, for example, by the implementation of the device 200 as described with reference to FIG.
- Figures 4 to 10 are intended to allow the feasibility assessment of the method 400 object of the present invention.
- Figures 4 and 5 show the evolution of the molar fraction of carbon converted to methane and methanol according to the recirculation ratio also called "split factor". This ratio corresponds to the molar fraction of excess cold syngas after the condensation step 145, recirculated by the first pipe to the inlet of the exchanger situated upstream of the hydrogenation reactor 105.
- a split factor of 20% means that 80% of the molar flow of syngas in excess of the hydrogenation reaction is dedicated to the production of synthetic methane while 20% of this same stream is recirculated upstream of the hydrogenation reactor to meet the demand in methanol.
- the adjustment of this split factor is a key element in adapting the production of the process that is the subject of the present invention to the market demand for methanol.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 shows that the implementation of the method and device that are the subject of the present invention make it possible to make the production of methanol more flexible by acting on the recirculation ratio of the excess syngas.
- the system's rangeability over the methanol flow is between 37 and 97% conversion of the carbon entering in the form of CO2 by the stream 1 12 in methanol.
- the main function of the heat exchanger positioned upstream of the hydrogenation reactor is to maintain the isothermicity of the reactor without immersion of exchange tubes in the catalytic layer.
- this exchange must make it possible to regulate the temperature of the flow entering the hydrogenation reactor.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 are intended to visualize the temperature range to be provided at the outlet of this exchanger to guarantee the isothermicity of the hydrogenation reactor.
- the method as well as the device object of the present invention has a very high flexibility.
- This method and this device make it possible in particular to easily adjust methanol production to demand while smoothing the availability of renewable electricity.
- the reactors used for the application of this process do not require the complex integration of exchangers in the catalytic layer.
- the object of the present invention can therefore be perfectly integrated into an "intermittent" sector such as power to gas / liquid.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1653340A FR3050206B1 (fr) | 2016-04-15 | 2016-04-15 | Dispositif et procede d'hydrogenation pour produire du methanol et dispositif et procede de cogeneration de methanol et de methane de synthese |
| PCT/FR2017/050899 WO2017178769A1 (fr) | 2016-04-15 | 2017-04-14 | Dispositif et procede de cogeneration de methanol et de methane de synthese |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3443051A1 true EP3443051A1 (fr) | 2019-02-20 |
Family
ID=56263920
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17721783.3A Pending EP3443051A1 (fr) | 2016-04-15 | 2017-04-14 | Dispositif et procede de cogeneration de methanol et de methane de synthese |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3443051A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3050206B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017178769A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7432997B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-24 | 2024-02-19 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 合成物生産システム及び合成物生産方法 |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2662911A (en) | 1948-10-01 | 1953-12-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Temperature control in the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide |
| US2740803A (en) | 1950-01-19 | 1956-04-03 | Ruhrchemie Ag | Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide with indirect heat exchange cooling |
| DE2651567A1 (de) | 1976-11-12 | 1978-05-24 | Didier Eng | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einstellen und konstanthalten der temperatur beim methanisieren |
| DE3007202A1 (de) | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-10 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Methanol-reaktor |
| DE3217066A1 (de) | 1982-05-06 | 1983-11-10 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Reaktor zur durchfuehrung katalytischer reaktion |
| JP2560311B2 (ja) | 1987-02-27 | 1996-12-04 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | メタノ−ルないし混合アルコ−ルの製造法 |
| GB9023465D0 (en) | 1990-10-29 | 1990-12-12 | Shell Int Research | Process for the production of methanol |
| JPH07126201A (ja) | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-16 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | メタノール製造方法 |
| GB9723669D0 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 1998-01-07 | Univ Aberdeen | Skin penetration enhancing components |
| GB9904649D0 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-04-21 | Ici Plc | Methanol synthesis |
| EP1350560A1 (fr) | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-08 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Echangeur de chaleur en plaques pour un réacteur avec lit catalytique |
| EP1568674A1 (fr) | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-31 | Paul Scherrer Institut | Procédé de préparation de méthane |
| EP1600208A1 (fr) | 2004-05-24 | 2005-11-30 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Echangeur de chaleur à plaques |
| US7579383B2 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2009-08-25 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Fluid bed methanol synthesis |
| US7615578B2 (en) | 2006-06-26 | 2009-11-10 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Fast fluid bed methanol synthesis |
| CA2693459A1 (fr) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Paul Scherrer Institut | Procede destine a produire un melange gazeux riche en methane a partir de gaz de synthese contenant du soufre provenant d'une gazeification |
| EP2070590A1 (fr) | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-17 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Système de support de plaques d'échanges thermiques dans des réacteurs chimiques isothermes |
| CN101293812B (zh) * | 2008-06-16 | 2011-03-30 | 中国石油和化工勘察设计协会煤化工设计技术中心 | 含甲烷合成气联产甲醇和天然气技术 |
| CN101550052B (zh) * | 2008-11-19 | 2013-04-03 | 新奥新能(北京)科技有限公司 | 含甲烷合成气生产甲醇联产甲烷工艺 |
| DE102009059310A1 (de) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-30 | Solar Fuel GmbH, 70565 | Hocheffizientes Verfahren zur katalytischen Methanisierung von Kohlendioxid und Wasserstoff enthaltenden Gasgemischen |
| GB201120398D0 (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-01-11 | Air Fuel Synthesis Ltd | Carbon dioxide convertion process |
| CN103524299B (zh) * | 2012-07-06 | 2017-08-25 | 杭州林达化工技术工程有限公司 | 一种合成甲醇和合成甲烷联产设备 |
| AU2012385744B2 (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2017-06-01 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Process and reaction system for the preparation of methanol |
| DE102012218526A1 (de) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-17 | Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines methanhaltigen Erdgassubstituts und zugehöriges Energieversorgungssystem |
| CN104232195B (zh) | 2013-06-18 | 2017-02-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种利用焦炉气联产甲醇和合成天然气的方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-04-15 FR FR1653340A patent/FR3050206B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-04-14 WO PCT/FR2017/050899 patent/WO2017178769A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-04-14 EP EP17721783.3A patent/EP3443051A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3050206B1 (fr) | 2018-05-11 |
| FR3050206A1 (fr) | 2017-10-20 |
| WO2017178769A1 (fr) | 2017-10-19 |
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