EP3468739A1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire des rayures dans le canon d'armes à feu - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire des rayures dans le canon d'armes à feu

Info

Publication number
EP3468739A1
EP3468739A1 EP17730749.3A EP17730749A EP3468739A1 EP 3468739 A1 EP3468739 A1 EP 3468739A1 EP 17730749 A EP17730749 A EP 17730749A EP 3468739 A1 EP3468739 A1 EP 3468739A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrel
tool
electrolyte solution
workpiece
trains
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17730749.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maxim TURLAKOV
Robin GÖHRINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aec Alpen Energy Consulting GmbH
Emag Salach GmbH
Original Assignee
Ritter & Stark GmbH
Emag Salach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ritter & Stark GmbH, Emag Salach GmbH filed Critical Ritter & Stark GmbH
Publication of EP3468739A1 publication Critical patent/EP3468739A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/16—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the shape of the bore
    • F41A21/18—Grooves-Rifling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/005—Machining elongated bodies, e.g. rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/152—Making rifle or gun barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/14—Making holes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing trains in runs of firearms by means of electrochemical metalworking and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the present invention relates to the PECM method and a corresponding device therefor, by means of which in the production of runs a particularly uniform material removal is made possible and thus particularly smooth surfaces can be produced on the inside of the barrel of firearms.
  • Trains are the helical or helical, preferably continuously formed, recesses or grooves formed in the barrel by small arms and in the barrel, which impart a twist about the longitudinal axis of the projectile as it moves through the barrel and thereby stabilize the projectile trajectory.
  • these grooves in the barrel therefore, typically the material is removed in the region of the grooves.
  • the areas left between the trains are called fields.
  • the production of the trains is part of the so-called finishing, that is, the barrel already has its bore and its shape is largely completed. Therefore, it is important that in the production of trains high temperatures that could cause a deformation of the barrel, are avoided as possible.
  • ECM Electrochemical Machining
  • a tool is passed through a tubular workpiece, the barrel, while an electrolyte solution is pumped between the tool and the inner surface of the piece of stock.
  • the method is based on the principle of electrolysis, wherein material is removed from the anode or the metal atoms are ionized and go into solution.
  • a DC voltage source is applied to the tool and workpiece, wherein the workpiece, the barrel, the anode is. From the cathode, the tool, no material is removed.
  • the electrolyte solution acts as a coolant in this process, preventing overheating of the workpiece.
  • the outer surface of the tool facing the inner wall of the workpiece includes a bore surface machining area and bore surface finish and a segmented area for insertion and finish of the grooves integral therewith.
  • the processing and finishing areas of the cathode are made of metal.
  • insulators are provided between the metallic regions.
  • two processing steps are performed simultaneously.
  • this requires an overall larger material removal and leads thus a longer processing time associated with a high energy consumption.
  • the structure of the tool is very complex and the production of the tool so consuming and expensive.
  • the production of the segmented region, in which insulators and metal must be sufficiently stable interconnected to withstand the pressure of the electrolyte flow is very expensive.
  • the ECM process however, sometimes presents difficulties in producing particularly smooth and uniform surfaces, which is critical to their accuracy in particular when machining the inner wall of firearm barrels.
  • the precision of the mechanical processing methods has increased in recent decades so that the ECM method threatens to reach its limits in terms of its precision.
  • a much more precise method, but basically based on the same principle, is the PECM method, where the letter P is interchangeably interpreted for both "Precise” and “Pulsed” ,
  • the PECM method is described, for example, in the scientific publication Modeling and Monitoring Interelectrode Gap in Pulse Electrochemical Machining, Rajurkar et al., Annais of the CIRP Vol. 44/1/1995.
  • the pulsed voltage source allows for improved process control, which can avoid surface defects caused by cavitation and uneven electrolyte flow.
  • An application of this method is described for example in the surface treatment of turbine blades.
  • the advantages of the method can be obtained by reducing the gap width between tool and workpiece during processing.
  • the tool is approximated to the workpiece by the distance corresponding to the removal of material during the time in which no voltage is applied.
  • the tool therefore moves in the direction of the workpiece during each cycle in order to restore the original, very small gap width between the tool and the workpiece. This is shown in FIG. 1 of the cited publication.
  • the PECM procedure can not be applied to the production of trains in running firearms.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide such a more precise method and a corresponding device for carrying out the method, which can be produced and operated at the same time simply and inexpensively.
  • the present invention thus provides, as a first aspect, a method of making trains in barrels of firearms, including a barrel as a workpiece defining an axis in its longitudinal direction and having a longitudinal bore defining an inner wall of the barrel , and a tool comprising a tool head having an outer contour corresponding to the shape of the trains to be made, consisting of an electrically conductive material, wherein an electrolyte solution is passed through the bore of the barrel while the tool is passed through the bore of the barrel.
  • a pulsed electrical voltage is applied to the workpiece and to the tool, whereby the workpiece is the anode and the tool head is the cathode, wherein the barrel is vertically positioned with its longitudinal direction, wherein between the electrically conductive outer contour the tool head and the inner wall of the barrel, there is a gap around the tool head through which the electrolyte solution flows, and wherein the tool is moved through the bore of the barrel while the pulsed voltage is being applied relative to the workpiece while rotating about its axis; whereby the trains are generated on the inner wall of the bore.
  • the vertical orientation of the barrel offers two major advantages. First, gravitation in this arrangement promotes removal of dissolved metal ions and, secondly For example, the negative gravitational effects associated with horizontal alignment, such as sagging of the barrel due to its own weight, are eliminated. Running lengths of 1500 mm and more can be processed without any problems.
  • the tool is moved through the bore of the barrel during the production of the trains by means of an electronic control relative to the workpiece.
  • an improved precision and reproducibility can be achieved
  • the pulsed voltage has time intervals in which the direct current flows alternately and does not flow.
  • the time interval in which the direct current does not flow cooperates with the rate at which the electrolyte solution is pumped through the barrel so that the electrolyte solution within the gap is exchanged during this time interval. This improves the surface quality of the inner wall of the channel, since there are no uncontrolled differences in the concentration of metal ions dissolved out of the workpiece within the gap, which could result in uneven electrolysis.
  • the electrolyte solution is adjusted to a specific temperature before being pumped into the barrel. This also contributes to the improved surface quality and reproducibility of the result.
  • the electrolyte solution flows in the same direction in which the tool is guided through the barrel during the production of the trains.
  • the electrolyte solution can also flow in the opposite direction in which the tool is guided through the barrel during the production of the trains. In this way, despite the opposite concentration gradient of the dissolved metal ions within the gap in the vertical direction, a comparable surface finish is achieved.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for making trains in barrels of firearms in which at least one barrel to be machined as a workpiece can be vertically received in the device with its longitudinal direction.
  • the device has at least one upper and at least one lower receptacle, by means of which the at least one barrel can be fastened, wherein the device has means for passing, preferably for pumping, an electrolyte solution through the at least one barrel and wherein the device comprises means for performing a tool through the at least one run having.
  • the tool can be guided at the same time through the barrel, in which the electrolyte solution passed through the barrel, preferably pumped.
  • the device has means for applying a pulsed electrical voltage to the workpiece and the tool, at least while the tool is being guided through the barrel.
  • the device is configured so that it can carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the device has means for passing compressed air through the at least one run.
  • the distance between the at least one upper receptacle and the at least one lower receptacle is variable. More preferably, the lower receptacle is attached to a height-adjustable mounting device. This can be processed with the same device different lengths runs. In addition, the installation and removal of the barrel is particularly user-friendly.
  • the device further comprises means for passing a further fluid in addition to the electrolyte solution through the at least one run.
  • the further fluid is preferably purified water, with which the electrolyte residues can be flushed out and any salt residues in the interior of the barrel can be avoided in a particularly simple manner or removed without residue.
  • the at least one upper receptacle and the at least one lower receptacle have ports through which the electrolyte solution and optionally the compressed air and the further fluid can be pumped.
  • the connections can thus remain as they are when changing the workpiece.
  • the new workpiece is simply inserted into the receptacles or fixed in it and the production of other trains can be done without delay or join.
  • the receptacles in the region of the connections have controllable valves.
  • a permanent, constant pressure can be applied to the respective supply lines for the liquids or the compressed air and the passage of the respective medium through the barrel can be done by a central control of the valves.
  • the device has an electronic control. As already described in connection with an embodiment of the method according to the invention, this increases the reproducibility of the result. At the same time, this increases the user-friendliness.
  • the device has a measuring device with which conclusions about the progress of the production of the trains can be made on the basis of the used electrolyte solution.
  • probes or electrodes may be provided for the measurement of the concentration of certain ions in the electrolyte solution. Based on the difference in concentration of the spent solution compared to the fresh initiated or transmitted solution statements about the depth of the trains during the current processing process or can be made online.
  • the means for passing the tool through the at least one run may further rotate the tool about the longitudinal axis of the barrel. This ensures an increase in process reliability and process stability.
  • At least two runs can be taken in the device and processed simultaneously.
  • this can be a central electrolyte, fluid and compressed air supply are provided, the valves can be controlled separately in the recordings of the individual processing units. This increases efficiency and lowers the cost of making trains in runs of firearms.
  • the device further comprises the tool, the tool having a tool rod and a tool head.
  • the tool head is formed from an electrically conductive, metallic material and has on its during the manufacture of the trains of the inner wall of the barrel facing peripheral surface on spiral elevations.
  • the tool head has no insulators between the spiral projections. It has been shown that the surface quality is not affected by such much cheaper tool heads.
  • the term "vertical" is understood to mean the corresponding orientation relative to the earth's surface.
  • FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a device according to an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of a device according to an embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a device according to a
  • Fig. 4 is a view of a tool according to an embodiment and an enlarged section of the tool head of the device according to the invention and
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 with two processing units 2, 3.
  • the right unit 2 is occupied by the corresponding components of the device according to the invention.
  • the left-hand unit 3 is not occupied in the example of use of the device 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, but can be equipped accordingly, so that a parallel running production can take place with the units 2 and 3.
  • the barrel 6 is clamped vertically in the receptacles 4, 5.
  • the type of attachment in the recordings is not particularly limited. As shown in Fig.
  • the barrel 6 can be inserted from the front into the receptacle 5 and can be held in a form-fitting manner at the intended location in the receptacle 5, for example, the barrel 6 engage in a suitable holder ,
  • the barrel 6 by a vertical method of the lower receptacle 5, as illustrated in Fig. 2 with the corresponding arrows, upwards to move into a provided for the barrel 6 opening of the upper receptacle 4, by means of which the barrel 6 is then held.
  • the lower sliding receptacle 5 is locked (not shown).
  • the barrel is now in the desired position for processing and the production of the trains can be carried out according to the method of the invention.
  • any other suitable type of attachment is possible.
  • 5 is preferably provided for the lower receptacle as a vertically movable or displaceable, sufficiently stable steel construction as a mounting device 5b, in which the barrel is received.
  • the mounting device 5b is fastened, for example, to a wall by means of a displaceable rail.
  • the steel construction has steel plates with a thickness of over 10 mm.
  • the receptacles 4, 5 connections 4a, 5a are provided.
  • the respective supply lines or hose lines (not shown) for supplying electrolyte solution, optionally water and compressed air are connected.
  • the construction of the recordings 4, 5 is massive, since they must withstand high pressures.
  • the tool through the upper receptacle 4, the tool must be inserted into the barrel and moved therein. This requires a seal of all pressure-loaded components with each other.
  • the receptacles 4, 5 made of solid metal, more preferably steel.
  • the tool bar 9 is preferably guided by one or more sealing rings, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • suitable electrolyte solutions are not particularly limited. In principle, all solutions customary in the ECM method and PECM method can be used.
  • the pulsed electrical voltage is also not particularly limited. Typical areas for this are known in the art, these, among other things, depending on the type of metal of the barrel 6, and the caliber and the peripheral surface of the tool head 10. According to a preferred embodiment, however, the time intervals of the on-time and off-time of the voltage and thus the direct current flow are adjusted so that it comes as possible to no cavitation effects and, further such that the speed of the electrolyte flow in the gap is sufficient to during the Off Time to replace the electrolyte solution in the gap.
  • the exact configuration of the outer contour of the tool head 10 or the design of the spiral elevations 1 1 on this is also not particularly limited and depends on the requirements and the intended use of the firearm. However, the tool head preferably has no insulators.
  • a tool 8 comprising a tool head 10, which has an outer contour corresponding to the shape of the trains to be produced, consisting of an electrically conductive material, is first clamped into the device 1 or fastened in the device 1 according to the flow diagram shown by way of example in FIG.
  • the mounting device 5b has moved downwards on the lower receptacle.
  • the barrel is first attached to the lower receptacle S1 and by raising the mounting device 5b, the barrel is fixed with its upper end to the upper receptacle S2, by being pushed into a designated opening in the upper receptacle.
  • the mounting device 5b is then locked for safety.
  • an electrolyte solution is passed through or conveyed through the bore of the barrel 6, which is vertically positioned in the units 4, 5 with its longitudinal direction.
  • the tool 8 is guided into the bore of the barrel 6 S4.
  • a pulsed electrical voltage with which a correspondingly pulsed direct current is generated S5.
  • the workpiece 6 forms the anode and the tool head 10 forms the cathode.
  • a circumferential around the tool head 10 gap is formed between the electrically conductive outer contour of the tool head 10 and the inner wall of the barrel. Through this flows the electrolyte solution.
  • the tool 8 is moved during the application of the pulsed voltage relative to the workpiece or barrel 6 through the bore of the barrel 6 while simultaneously rotating about the axis A S5. By removing the material by means of the electrochemical reaction while the trains are generated on the inner wall of the bore of the barrel 6.
  • the tool 8 is moved during the manufacture of the trains by means of an electronic control relative to the workpiece 6 through the bore of the barrel 6.
  • the pulsed voltage has time intervals in which the direct current flows alternately and does not flow, with the time interval in which the direct current does not flow at such a speed the electrolyte solution is passed through the run 6 or cooperates cooperates, that the electrolyte solution is exchanged within the gap during this time interval.
  • the electrolyte solution is adjusted to a specific temperature before being introduced into the barrel 6.
  • the electrolyte solution is moved in the same direction through the barrel 6, in which the tool 8 is guided through the barrel 6 during the production of the trains.
  • the electrolyte solution may be moved in the opposite direction to the tool 8 as it passes through the barrel 6 during the formation of the trains.
  • the production of the trains in the barrel 6 is completed.
  • the pulsed voltage is switched off S6, the electrolyte flow is switched off S7 and the barrel is flushed together with the tool with water and / or air to remove residues of material and electrolyte from the barrel and tool as far as possible S7.
  • the tool 8 is returned to the starting position S8 and the barrel 6 or the barrels 6 after the assembly device 5b has been lowered and released from the receptacles 4, 5 of the device 1 S9.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de produire des rayures dans le canon d'armes à feu comprenant un canon (6) en tant que pièce (6), lequel définit un axe A dans le sens de sa longueur et présente un alésage orienté dans le sens de sa longueur et définissant une paroi intérieure du canon, et un outil (8) présentant une tête d'outil (10) qui présente un contour extérieur correspondant à la configuration des rayures à produire et composé d'un matériau électroconducteur. Une solution d'électrolyte est pompée à travers l'alésage du canon (6) tandis que l'outil (8) est guidé à travers l'alésage du canon (6), une tension électrique pulsée par laquelle est généré un courant continu est appliquée à la pièce (6) et à l'outil (8), la pièce (6) représentant l'anode et la tête d'outil (10) représentant la cathode, le canon (6) est positionné verticalement par rapport au sens de sa longueur, entre le contour extérieur électroconducteur de la tête d'outil (10) et la paroi intérieure du canon (6) est ménagée une fente qui entoure la tête d'outil (10) et à travers laquelle s'écoule la solution d'électrolyte, et l'outil (8) est déplacé à travers l'alésage du canon (6) par rapport à la pièce (6) pendant l'application de la tension pulsée en même temps qu'il tourne autour de l'axe A, de sorte que les rayures sont produites sur la paroi intérieure de l'alésage. L'invention concerne également un dispositif permettant la mise en œuvre du procédé.
EP17730749.3A 2016-06-09 2017-06-09 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire des rayures dans le canon d'armes à feu Withdrawn EP3468739A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/AT2016/000062 WO2017210709A1 (fr) 2016-06-09 2016-06-09 Dispositif de configuration de l'appareil de réalisation de rayures dans des canons d'armes à feu par processus pecm
PCT/EP2017/064189 WO2017212051A1 (fr) 2016-06-09 2017-06-09 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire des rayures dans le canon d'armes à feu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3468739A1 true EP3468739A1 (fr) 2019-04-17

Family

ID=56799144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17730749.3A Withdrawn EP3468739A1 (fr) 2016-06-09 2017-06-09 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire des rayures dans le canon d'armes à feu

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11181333B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3468739A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202017007570U1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2017210709A1 (fr)

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EP3960348A1 (fr) 2020-08-31 2022-03-02 Blueacre Technology Limited Dispositif et procédé pour l'usinage électrochimique d'une pièce à usiner
RU206559U1 (ru) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-15 АКЦИОНЕРНОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО "АКЦИОНЕРНАЯ КОМПАНИЯ "ТУЛАМАШЗАВОД" (АО "АК "Туламашзавод") Заготовка ствола под нарезы
DE102023115250B4 (de) * 2023-06-12 2025-02-20 Extrude Hone Gmbh Elektrochemische Bearbeitungsvorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von langgestreckten Werkstücken sowie Anlage mit einer solchen elektrochemischen Bearbeitungsvorrichtung
DE102024112515A1 (de) * 2024-05-03 2025-11-06 Extrude Hone Gmbh Rifling-Kathode, Verfahren und Vorrichtung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202017007570U1 (de) 2022-10-11
US11181333B2 (en) 2021-11-23
WO2017210709A1 (fr) 2017-12-14
WO2017212051A1 (fr) 2017-12-14
US20190154383A1 (en) 2019-05-23

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