EP3530871B1 - Dispositif de production ou d'élargissement d'un forage de sol - Google Patents

Dispositif de production ou d'élargissement d'un forage de sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3530871B1
EP3530871B1 EP19157706.3A EP19157706A EP3530871B1 EP 3530871 B1 EP3530871 B1 EP 3530871B1 EP 19157706 A EP19157706 A EP 19157706A EP 3530871 B1 EP3530871 B1 EP 3530871B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
flushing liquid
control unit
pump
flow rate
Prior art date
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Application number
EP19157706.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3530871A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Jenne
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Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
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Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
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Publication of EP3530871A1 publication Critical patent/EP3530871A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for creating or widening an earth borehole, which has a drilling and / or widening tool that is connected to a drive unit via a pulling and / or pushing element and through this at a feed rate through the ground to or from the drive unit the drive unit is movable away.
  • the device also has a pump for conveying a flushing liquid to the drilling and / or expanding tool, the flushing liquid emerging from the drilling and / or expanding tool.
  • a control unit is used to control at least the pump.
  • the invention also relates to a method for generating or widening an earth borehole.
  • a horizontal drilling rig in which a high-pressure pump for supplying flushing fluid to the drill string and a mixing device for processing the flushing fluid with a mixing unit having a mixing pump are arranged on the chassis of the horizontal drilling rig.
  • a drilling rig for creating or widening an earth borehole in which the propulsion of the rod is regulated depending on the torque for rotating the rod.
  • flushing fluid can be conducted through the drill rod to the drill head.
  • Further horizontal drilling rigs with a feed drive for driving a drill rod carrying a drilling tool, which is advanced in the ground with simultaneous rotation with the aid of a feed drive, are from the documents DE 10 2010 004 287 A1 and US 6,189,628 B1 known.
  • document DE 199 01 001 A1 discloses an earth drilling rig in which a drive slide is provided for driving a drill rod which has a corresponding connection for supplying flushing fluid.
  • the volume flow of the flushing fluid generated in the prior art with the aid of the flushing fluid pump and directed through the drill rods to the drilling and / or expanding tool is constant regardless of the advance speed and can be manually specified by an operator, for example by specifying the speed of the drive unit for the pump Pumping the rinsing liquid.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for creating or widening an earth borehole and a method for creating or widening an earth borehole, by means of which an earth bore and the widening of an earth borehole using a flushing fluid is possible simply and efficiently.
  • a device with the features of claim 1 ensures that the volume flow of the flushing liquid, ie the amount of the flushing liquid provided on the drilling and / or expanding tool, is automatically set by the control unit. This takes place in particular in that the volume flow of the flushing liquid is dependent on the feed speed at which the drilling and / or expanding tool is moved through the ground. This ensures that the soil loosened with the aid of the drilling and / or expansion tool is removed from the drilling and / or expansion area with the aid of sufficient flushing fluid and is washed out of the earth borehole. Furthermore, waste of rinsing liquid as a result of an excessively high volume flow at a low feed rate is avoided. Intervention by an operator is also no longer absolutely necessary in order to adapt the volume flow of the flushing liquid to the feed speed of the drilling and / or expanding tool.
  • the tension and / or pressure element is a drill rod composed of several tubular rod sections and if the pump conveys the flushing fluid through the drill rod to the drilling and / or expanding tool. It is particularly advantageous if the pump generates a maximum delivery pressure in the range between 50 bar and 150 bar, in particular 75 bar. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the pump has a delivery rate in the range from 50 to 400 liters of washing liquid per minute, in particular 95 to 150 liters of washing liquid per minute.
  • the drill rod has through the tubular rod sections in the assembled passage a through opening from the end remote from the drilling and / or expanding tool to the end facing the drilling and / or expanding tool, so that the flushing fluid for the drilling and / or expanding tool passes through the rod can be directed.
  • the tension element is designed as a rope, with a separate feed for feeding the flushing fluid to the drilling and / or expanding tool.
  • the separate supply takes place in particular via a hose.
  • control unit changes the volume flow generated by the pump in direct proportion, in particular linearly, to the feed rate. This enables simple control, in particular simple determination of the amount of washing liquid to be provided and conveyed.
  • control unit controls the pump in such a way that the volume flow does not fall below a preset minimum volume flow when the device is in operation. This ensures that flushing liquid is always present on the drilling and / or widening tool or that it escapes so that the drilling and / or widening tool is sufficiently cooled if necessary and the drilling channel is stabilized. This also ensures that the flushing fluid supply line formed by the tubular rod sections does not run empty at a low feed rate or when the system is at a standstill, so that when the advance of the drilling and / or expanding tool starts again, sufficient flushing fluid emerges in the area of the drilling and / or expanding tool and can be increased immediately with increasing feed rate.
  • control unit controls the drive unit for driving the drilling and / or expanding tool.
  • the control unit can then control the drive unit in such a way that the feed speed of the drill rod does not increase any further when the maximum volume flow of the flushing liquid that can be achieved with the aid of the pump is reached. This ensures that sufficient flushing liquid is available on the drilling and / or expanding tool for generating or expanding the earth bore, in particular for transporting the soil to be removed from the earth bore.
  • a sensor determines the drilling speed of the drilling tool and / or the retraction speed of the expanding tool as the feed speed and transmits information about the feed speed to the control unit.
  • a sensor can be provided which determines the volume flow of the rinsing liquid generated with the aid of the pump and transmits information about the volume flow to the control unit. In this way, the control unit can correctly determine the feed rate and / or the volume flow of the flushing liquid generated by the pump can be set exactly.
  • control unit regulates the feed rate to a preset setpoint or as a function of a torque applied to rotate the pulling and / or pushing element during drilling or expanding, the torque being determined in particular by the torque required for a hydraulic drive unit to rotate the train - And / or pressure element required working pressure is determined. It is particularly advantageous if the torque is regulated to a preset torque target value and the feed speed of the pulling and / or pushing element is used as a manipulated variable. This makes a simple and special automatic operation of the device possible.
  • a rinsing liquid tank is provided for providing the rinsing liquid and if a sensor detects the level of the rinsing liquid in the rinsing liquid tank and transmits information about the level in the rinsing liquid tank to the control unit.
  • the control unit can then stop the drive of the pulling and / or pressure element or the linkage when the lower limit value is reached or undershot. This ensures that sufficient flushing liquid is available during the drilling process both for cooling the drilling and / or expanding tool, if necessary, and / or for discharging the earth to be excavated from the earth borehole.
  • the rinsing liquid contains water and betonite, water and polymers or water, betonite and polymers. This makes it easy to use flushing fluids that are favorable for earth drilling.
  • a sensor determines the pressure of the flushing fluid between the pump and the drilling and / or expanding tool and transmits information corresponding to the pressure to the control unit.
  • the control unit can then control the pump in such a way that the pump achieves its maximum delivery rate until a preset minimum pressure of the flushing liquid is reached, so that the pump generates the maximum possible volume flow with the aid of this pump.
  • control unit stops the pump after it has been reached of the minimum pressure such that the volume flow of the flushing liquid is reduced to a preset minimum volume flow when there is no advance of the drilling and / or expansion tool. This means that only the minimum volume flow of flushing liquid emerges when there is no advance, so that flushing liquid can be saved.
  • a sensor determines the pressure of the flushing liquid between the pump and the drilling and / or expanding tool and transmits information corresponding to the pressure to the control unit.
  • the control unit can then activate the drive for advancing the drilling and / or expanding tool only after the minimum pressure has been reached. This ensures that the drilling and / or widening tool is not advanced until the minimum amount of flushing liquid emerges from the drilling and / or widening tool. This enables, in particular, simple and, if desired, automatic operation of the device.
  • control unit controls the device only in a first operating mode in such a way that the volume flow of the rinsing liquid can be adjusted, in particular manually, by an operator independently of the feed speed.
  • control unit can control the device in a second operating mode in such a way that the volume flow of the rinsing liquid is changed proportionally to the advance speed, a switchover preferably taking place during operation of the device between the first operating mode and the second operating mode.
  • the device can simply be put into operation in the first operating mode and then switched over to the second operating mode, so that the device can be operated very easily and safely.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a method with the features of claim 14.
  • the method can be developed in the same way as the device, in particular with the features of the dependent claims.
  • FIG 1A a drilling rig 10 for the controlled drilling of a pilot hole is shown.
  • the drilling rig 10 works according to a horizontal drilling method, which we also refer to as Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) method.
  • a horizontal drilling rig available under the trade name Terra-Jet is used for this purpose.
  • Such a horizontal drilling rig is for example from the document DE 101 15 233 A1 known.
  • a rod 14 composed of several rod sections 13 is introduced into the ground 18 in the direction of the arrow PO with the aid of a horizontal drilling device 12 at a starting point 16 with a drill head 20 located on the horizontal drilling device 12 remote end of the rod 14.
  • the horizontal drilling device 12 has a pump 42 which sucks flushing liquid 46 from a flushing liquid container 40 via a hose 48 and conveys it into the hollow rod 14 at high pressure.
  • the flushing fluid 46 emerges from the drill head 20 at high pressure.
  • the high pressure and the hard metal teeth of the drill head 20 cut a borehole in the ground 18.
  • the drill head 20 is flattened asymmetrically at its front end and is continuously rotated with the aid of the rod 14 to produce a straight borehole. In the event of a desired lateral movement, upward movement or downward movement, the drill head 20 is stopped in a position suitable for this desired movement and is not rotated further, so that due to the asymmetrically flattened shape of the front end of the drill head 20, a corresponding deflection movement of the drill head 20 takes place in the ground 18.
  • Figure 1B A detailed view of the end of the rod 14 remote from the horizontal drilling device 12 together with the drill head 20 is shown.
  • An electronic probe is arranged in the drill head 20, which can be precisely located from the surface of the earth at any time with the aid of a corresponding locating device, so that the position of the drill head 20 in the earth 18 can be precisely determined at any time.
  • the path of movement of the drill head 20 and thus the course of the drill channel 15 of the pilot hole is controlled simply by stopping the rotation of the drill head 20 via the rod 14 in a controlled manner so that the control surface of the drill head 20 is brought into a position required for the desired movement. Even after the rotation of the drill head 20 has been stopped in a targeted manner, flushing fluid 46 continues to be conveyed through the rod 14 with the aid of the pump 42 and the drill head 20 is further advanced via the rod 14 so that the drilling process can be carried out with the aid of the flushing fluid 46 and the advance of the drill head 20 the desired course of the borehole is continued.
  • HDPE pipes are made of high-density polyethylene, this high-density polyethylene being a thermoplastic with high density, so that the pipes made of HDPE have high toughness and rigidity, very good chemical resistance, good sliding properties, low Moisture absorption, very good processing properties, are very easy to weld and are physiologically harmless.
  • tubes 26 made of other materials, in particular metal can also be drawn in.
  • the horizontal drilling device 12 generates the tensile force required for the expansion process on the rods 14 and continues to guide flushing fluid 46 to the expansion head 24.
  • the flushing fluid 46 at least supports the expansion of the pilot bore and also serves to divert and discharge the excess soil 18 that was loosened during the expansion process, especially in stony soil 18, rubble and rock, at least a part of the soil 18 contacted with the aid of the expansion tool 24 during the expansion process must be removed. This can in particular by the annular gap between the already widened area of the pilot bore designated as the drilling channel 15 and the drawn-in tube 26.
  • the flushing liquid 46 introduced into the annular gap also reduces the skin friction between the pipe 26 and the drilling channel 15.
  • the widening tool 24 has a centering area 25 which, with respect to the widening area 31 of the widening tool 24, is arranged upstream in the direction of movement of the widening tool 24 and essentially corresponds to the diameter of the widened opening.
  • the expansion tool 24 has a large support surface via the centering area 25, via which a counterforce can be provided to the transverse forces acting on the expansion area 31 transversely to the direction of movement P1. A deflection of the expansion tool 24 is thereby effectively avoided in a simple manner, so that the pilot bore or a through opening already present in the ground 18 can be expanded centrally with the aid of the expansion tool 24.
  • the new pipe 26 to be laid in the present case an HDPE pipe, is drawn in.
  • two or more expanding tools 24 can be used one after the other with a diameter of up to 1000 mm.
  • tubes 26 up to a diameter of 800 mm or a tube bundle made up of several tubes are then drawn in.
  • Water with betonite or polymers can be used as the rinsing liquid 46.
  • flushing liquids 46 stabilize the drilling channel 15, reduce the friction between the drill rod 14 and the soil 18 and the friction between the pipe 26 to be pulled in and the soil 18.
  • the flushing liquid 46 is used to remove soil 18 through the pipe 26 which has already been partially drawn in from the drilling channel 15 promoted out.
  • Figure 1D shows an enlarged section of the in Figure 1C The arrangement 10 shown. In this section, the end of the rod 14 remote from the horizontal drilling device 12, the expander head 24 and the pipe 26 already partially pulled into the ground 18 are shown.
  • PLC programmable logic control unit
  • the pump 42 is controllable by the control unit 50 in particular in such a way that the volume flow of the flushing fluid 46 conveyed by the pump 42 and thus exiting at the drilling or expanding head 20, 24 can be controlled.
  • the horizontal drilling device 12 preferably has a rotary drive for rotating the rod 14 about a longitudinal axis and the feed drive for moving the rod 14 along its longitudinal axis through the soil 18 together with the drill head 20 or expansion head 24 connected to the end of the rod 14 remote from the feed drive .
  • FIG. 2 show a block diagram with control components for controlling the on a drilling or expanding tool 20, 24 of the drilling rig 10 according to the Figures 1A to 1D the amount of flushing liquid 46 exiting.
  • the control unit 50 is connected to a first drive unit 52 for propelling the rod 14.
  • the drive unit 52 is preferably a hydraulic drive unit, with a first sensor unit 54 detecting the working pressure with which the first drive unit 52 is operated and transmitting information about the pressure to the control unit 50. With the help of the information about the determined pressure, the control unit 50 can directly determine the force with which the rod 14 and the drilling and / or expanding tool 20, 24 connected to the rod 14 through the soil 18 is moved.
  • the control unit 50 is also connected to a second drive unit 56 for rotating the linkage 14.
  • the second drive unit 56 for rotating the rod 14 is also preferably a hydraulic drive unit. Furthermore, a second sensor unit 58 is provided for detecting the torque generated by the drive unit 56 for rotating the linkage 14.
  • the second sensor unit 58 can comprise a pressure sensor which detects the working pressure of the second drive unit 56.
  • the torque transmitted on the drilling and / or expanding head 20, 24 can easily be determined via the known lever arm acting on the linkage 14. The second sensor unit 58 thus determines information about the force acting on the rod 14 to rotate it, the torque acting on the rod 14 and / or the working pressure acting to operate the second drive unit 56 if the second drive unit 56 is designed as a hydraulic drive unit.
  • the pump 42 for pumping the rinsing liquid is connected to the control unit 50 and is activated by the control unit 50.
  • a third sensor unit 60 can be provided for determining the speed of the pump 42 and / or the volume flow of the flushing liquid 46, which transmits information about the speed and / or the volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 through the linkage 14 to the control unit 50, which then compares the determined actual value of the volume flow with a preset target value of the volume flow of the rinsing liquid 46 and, if the actual value deviates from the target value, controls the pump 42 in such a way that the target value deviation of the actual value controls a drive unit of the pump 42 in such a way that the target value deviation is reduced or eliminated.
  • the volume flow of the rinsing liquid is thus regulated to a preset or previously determined setpoint value by the control unit 50.
  • the setpoint value for the volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 is determined in that the control unit 50 is dependent the required volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 is determined from the feed speed of the rod 14 determined with the aid of a sixth sensor unit 64.
  • the setpoint value for the volume flow of the rinsing liquid 46 is automatically changed.
  • the fill level sensor 44 for determining the fill level of the washing liquid in the washing liquid container 40 is connected as a fourth sensor unit to the control unit 50 and transmits information about the filling level of the washing liquid 46 in the washing liquid container 40 to the control unit 50, so that when the value falls below a preset target value, the control unit 50 first drive unit 52 and the second drive unit 56 stops.
  • a fifth sensor unit 62 determines the pressure with which the pump 42 conveys the flushing liquid 46 through the linkage 14.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart for controlling the on the drilling and / or expanding tool of Figures 1a to 1d emerging amount of flushing liquid 46.
  • the process is started in step S10. Subsequently, in step S12, it is checked whether a flushing process is active, ie whether the pump 42 conveys flushing fluid 46 through the rod assembly 14 to the drilling and / or expanding head 20, 24. If this is not the case, step S12 is carried out again. If, however, it is determined in step S12 that the flushing process is active, then in step S14 a check is made as to whether the pressure of the flushing fluid 46 in the linkage 14 determined with the aid of the sensor unit 62 has reached or exceeded a preset minimum pressure. If this is not the case, then in step S16 the pump 42 is activated by the control unit 50 in such a way that this flushing liquid 46 conveys the maximum volume flow into the tubular linkage 14. Then step S14 is carried out again.
  • step S18 the pump 42 is activated by the control unit 50 in such a way that the pump only conveys a preset minimum volume flow of flushing liquid 46 into the linkage 14.
  • the first drive unit 52 and the second drive unit 56 are then released in step S20. This enables the control unit 50 to automatically activate the first drive unit 52 and the second drive unit 56 or, alternatively, to activate them by an operator input on a control panel of the drilling device 12. Subsequently, in step S22, the feed speed of the rod 14 is determined with the aid of the sixth sensor unit 64.
  • control unit 50 calculates the value of the volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 to be generated with the aid of the pump 42.
  • the calculation is based on the direct dependence of the volume flow to be generated on the determined feed rate. This is preferably a linear dependency, at least in a range of the feed speed.
  • step S26 the pump 42 is then controlled by the control unit 50 in step S26 in such a way that the pump 42 is operated at a speed corresponding to the volume flow to be generated.
  • step S28 it is then checked whether the first drive unit 52 and the second drive unit 56 have been stopped. If this is not the case, the sequence is continued in step S22, with steps S22 to S28 being processed again.
  • step S30 a check is made as to whether the drilling process should be ended. If this is not the case, ie if the drilling process has only been briefly interrupted and is to be continued without changing the rods, the sequence is continued in step S18 and the pump 42 is controlled by the control unit 50 in such a way that the preset minimum volume flow of flushing liquid 46 is conveyed into the linkage 14.
  • step S30 If, however, it is determined in step S30 that the end of the drilling process should take place, in particular because the earth drilling or the expansion process has ended or a rod section is to be added to the rod 14 or a rod section is to be removed from the rod 14, the sequence in step S32 finished. After a rod change or after the drilling tool 20 has been replaced by the expanding tool 24, the sequence is started again.
  • the feed speed is regulated as a function of the feed force and / or the feed torque.
  • the volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 conveyed with the aid of the pump 42 can be recorded and regulated to the setpoint value calculated in step S24.
  • a pull rope can also be used, the rinsing liquid then being passed through a hose running additionally to the expanding tool 24 and exiting in the area of the expanding tool 24.
  • an operator in particular a drill master, can, based on his / her experience, set what he sees as the optimal volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 for the concrete present or expected subsurface at a relatively low feed speed.
  • the volume flow of the flushing liquid is also referred to as the flushing performance.
  • the volume flow is at least correctly set when a continuous discharge of drilling mud, ie of flushing liquid mixed with excavated soil 18, takes place at the end of the drilling channel 15.
  • the Control unit 50 with the sequence according to Fig. 3 only in step S22, ie steps S12 to S20 are not carried out.
  • the feed speed can be automatically adapted to the ground with the aid of an assistance system provided by the control unit 50, in particular with the aid of the torque-dependent regulation of the feed speed already mentioned.
  • Such a control is also referred to as automatic drilling.
  • the feed speed is automatically reduced when the ground becomes harder and automatically increased when the ground becomes softer.
  • the repeated sequence of steps S22 to S24 has the result that, with increasing feed speed, the flushing performance, ie. H. the volume flow of the rinsing liquid 46 increases.
  • the rinsing performance is increased at the same time, preferably by the same percentage, i.e. by the same percentage. H. if the feed rate increases by 20%, the flushing performance is also increased by 20%. If the speed decreases by 50%, the washing performance is also reduced by 50%.
  • the flushing performance is preferably reduced only up to a preset minimum volume flow. If the volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 cannot be increased further due to the reaching of the maximum volume flow generated by the pump 46, then the advance speed is not increased any further.
  • the advance speed of the rod 14 can be determined in particular with a displacement sensor or on the basis of the amount of hydraulic fluid used to advance the rod 14, if it the drive unit 56 for advancing the rod is a hydraulic drive.
  • the rinsing liquid container 40 in particular has a capacity in the range from 1 to 5 m 3 . If more rinsing liquid 46 is required, a plurality of rinsing liquid containers 40 can also be provided, which are preferably connected to one another or which can be switched to the pump 42 via the hose 48.
  • the fill level sensor 44 can be designed in such a way that it provides information about the current fill level of the washing liquid 46 in the washing liquid container 40, the control unit 50 then using a preset limit value to check whether this has been reached or undershot.
  • the sensor can only transmit a signal to the control unit 50 when the value falls below a preset limit value, so that the control unit is informed that the preset limit value has been fallen below. If the preset limit value is undershot, the first drive unit 52 and the second drive unit 56 are stopped until there is sufficient flushing liquid 46 in the container again or a further flushing liquid container 40 has been connected to the pump 42.
  • information is preferably output to an operator via an operating unit of the drilling unit.
  • rod sections of 3 m or 4.5 m in length are used. With large drilling rigs, rod sections up to 10 m can also be used.
  • the operator stops the first drive unit 52 and the second drive unit 56 and then stops the pump 42. In other embodiments, an automatic stop of the first drive unit and the second drive unit 52, 56 when one reaches a The drive carriage of the drilling device 12 serving to drive the rod 14 and the subsequent switch-off of the pump 42.
  • the pump 42 is not activated, ie there is no delivery of flushing liquid 46.
  • the pump 42 is controlled by the control unit 50 in such a way that that it is operated at 100% of its delivery capacity.
  • the minimum flushing pressure can be permanently preset or can be changed via an operating unit of the drilling device 12, in particular by an operator input.
  • the minimum flushing pressure can be used in a pilot bore after the Figures 1A and 1B be preset to 20 bar and for an expansion of an existing earth drilling after the Figures 1C and 1D are preferably at 10 bar. This means that the preset minimum flushing pressure for pilot bores is higher than for widening.
  • the first drive unit 52 is activated and the linkage 14 is rotated.
  • the second drive unit 56 is activated and the feed speed is preferably set to the feed speed value before the rod change.
  • the automatic drilling system is then activated so that in particular a torque-dependent setting of the feed rate takes place.
  • control unit 50 can calculate the amount of flushing fluid required to carry out the drilling and / or widening before the start of the drilling process.
  • the control unit 50 serves as an on-board computer for the drilling device 12.
  • the correct required flushing volume results from the volume of the earth borehole to be generated or from the volume of the soil 18 to be excavated when generating the earth borehole or expanding the earth bore and a flushing factor.
  • the flushing factor is also known as the mud factor.
  • a drilling channel 15 with a length of 120 m and a diameter of 260 mm is to be produced using the horizontal drilling method.
  • the total volume is 6,371 l. This result can be rounded up to the nearest 100 liters, for example.
  • the volume V is then multiplied by a flushing factor. It was recognized that the flushing factor depends on the subsoil conditions, ie on the soil 18. A flushing factor of 3 has proven to be beneficial for gravel. For special types of gravel, flushing factors of 4 or 5 have also proven to be beneficial. A flushing factor of 4 has proven to be favorable for sand, and 5 for clay. For special types of clay, flushing factors of 1 to 2 were sufficient. For clay, a flushing factor of 6 has proven to be beneficial.
  • flushing liquid 46 In the case of sandy soil 18 with a flushing factor of 4, the rounded volume of the drilling channel 28 of 6,400 l and a flushing factor of 4 results in a total requirement of flushing liquid 46 of 25,600 l. It is advantageous to provide the flushing liquid 46 as a total amount before drilling begins.
  • mixing systems are also known in which the rinsing liquid 46 is continuously fed in with water and rinsing liquid additives, such as betonite or polymers, be generated.
  • Various mixing stations are known for preparing the rinsing liquid 46.
  • a settling tank can be provided in which the drilling mud settles and the flushing liquid located above is fed back to the drilling device.
  • the creation of an HDD bore with a diameter of 260 mm usually takes place in several steps. For example, a pilot hole with a diameter of 100 mm is created, as shown in FIG Figures 1A and 1B is shown. This is followed by an intermediate expansion to a diameter of 200 mm. This is followed by an expansion with simultaneous pipe retraction to the diameter of 260 mm, as shown in FIG Figures 1C and 1D is shown.
  • the control unit 50 preferably calculates the specific required volume of the flushing fluid 46 to be used for the pilot bore, the intermediate widening and the final widening. For this purpose, the volume of the drilling channel 15 of the pilot bore is calculated according to the formula given above, resulting in a volume of 942 l. This volume can be rounded up to 950 liters, for example.
  • the required flushing volume of flushing liquid 46 is 3,800 l for sandy soil.
  • the control unit 50 controls the pump 42 in such a way that it generates a volume flow of the flushing liquid 46 of 200 l / min at a feed speed of 2 m / min.
  • the control unit 50 continuously calculates the volume flow of the flushing fluid 46 to be generated by the pump 42 as the feed rate changes.
  • the control unit 50 can serve as a controller that controls the pump 42 as an actuator in such a way that the rod 14 and thus the drilling and / or the expander head 20, 24 is supplied with the determined amount of flushing liquid 46 per meter.
  • control unit 50 controls the second drive unit 56 in such a way that it does not increase the feed speed any further.
  • the pump 42 is activated by the control unit 50 in such a way that it conveys a preset minimum amount or a preset minimum volume flow into the linkage 14. If the composition of the soil 18 or the subsoil changes, an operator can change the flushing factor preferably via an operating unit of the drilling device 12, preferably in steps of 0.1.
  • the rinsing liquid 46 usually consists of water and betonite. Polymers can be added to the water instead of betonite or in addition. It is advantageous if the rinsing liquid 46 is mixed in accordance with the subsoil conditions in order to fulfill the above-mentioned tasks.
  • FIG 4 shows a diagram with the course of the amount of flushing fluid used as a function of the feed speed of the drilling or expanding tool 20, 24 of the drilling system 10 according to one embodiment.
  • the feed speed is shown on the x-axis and the volume flow of the rinsing liquid on the ⁇ -axis.
  • a minimum volume flow V ⁇ min is generated with the aid of the pump 42.
  • the volume flow V ⁇ is increased linearly until the pump 42 has reached its maximum delivery rate.
  • the maximum volume flow V ⁇ max that can be generated with the aid of the pump 42. In the present exemplary embodiment, this is the case at a feed speed v 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif pour produire ou élargir un forage dans le sol,
    avec un outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24), qui est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de traction et/ou de pression (14) à une unité d'entraînement (56) et peut être déplacé par celle-ci à une vitesse d'avance (v) à travers le sol (18) en direction de l'unité d'entraînement (56) ou à distance de l'unité d'entraînement (56),
    avec une pompe (42) pour refouler un liquide de lavage (46) pour l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24), dans lequel le liquide de lavage (46) sort au niveau de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24),
    avec une unité de commande (50) pour commander au moins la pompe (42), dans lequel l'unité de commande (50) règle le débit volumique (V), produit par la pompe (42), du liquide de lavage (46) en fonction de la vitesse d'avance (v), caractérisé en ce
    que l'unité de commande (50) détermine la quantité de liquide de lavage (46) nécessaire pour un forage ou pour un élargissement d'un forage par section de trajet à partir d'au moins un paramètre du forage ou de l'élargissement à produire et
    que l'unité de commande (50) commande la pompe (42) de telle sorte que le débit volumique (V) du liquide de lavage (46) est réglé en fonction de la vitesse d'avance (v), de sorte que la quantité déterminée de liquide de lavage par section de trajet sort au niveau de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction et/ou de pression est un train de tiges (14) composé de plusieurs sections de tiges tubulaires, et que la pompe (42) refoule le liquide de lavage (46) à travers le train de tiges (14) vers l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement, dans lequel la pompe (42) produit de préférence une pression de refoulement maximale dans la plage comprise entre 50 bar et 150 bar, en particulier 75 bar, et présente de préférence une puissance de refoulement maximale dans la plage de 50 à 400 litres par minute, de préférence 95 ou 300 litres par minute.
  3. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (50) modifie le débit volumique (V) produit par la pompe (42) de manière directement proportionnelle, de préférence de manière linéaire, par rapport à la vitesse d'avance (v).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (50) commande la pompe (42) de telle sorte que le débit volumique (V), lors du fonctionnement du dispositif (10, 12), ne passe pas au-dessous d'un débit volumique minimal (Vmin) préréglé.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande commande la pompe de telle sorte qu'une dépendance linéaire du débit volumique (V) dans la plage entre un débit volumique minimal préréglé et un débit volumique maximal préréglé par rapport à la vitesse d'avance (v) dans la plage de l'arrêt jusqu'à une vitesse d'avance maximale préréglée ou dans la plage entre une vitesse d'avance inférieure préréglée jusqu'à une vitesse d'avance maximale préréglée est présente, dans lequel de préférence le débit volumique minimal préréglé, le débit volumique maximal préréglé, la vitesse d'avance inférieure préréglée et la vitesse d'avance maximale préréglée peuvent être réglés et/ou modifiés en particulier par l'intermédiaire d'une unité de commande utilisateur.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (50) commande l'unité d'entraînement (56) pour l'entraînement de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24), dans lequel l'unité de commande (50) commande l'unité d'entraînement (56), de telle sorte que la vitesse d'avance (v) du train de tiges (14), lorsque le débit volumique maximal (Vmax) pouvant être atteint à l'aide de la pompe (42) est atteint, n'est pas augmentée davantage.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur détermine la vitesse d'avance de l'outil de forage (20) et/ou la vitesse d'insertion de l'outil d'élargissement (24) comme vitesse d'avance (v) et transmet une information concernant la vitesse d'avance (v) à l'unité de commande (50) et/ou qu'un capteur détermine le débit volumique du liquide de lavage (46) produit à l'aide de la pompe (42) et transmet une information concernant le débit volumique à l'unité de commande (50) .
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un contenant de liquide de lavage (40) destiné à fournir le liquide de lavage (46) est prévu, qu'un capteur (44) détecte le niveau du liquide de lavage (46) dans le contenant de liquide de lavage (40) et transmet une information concernant le niveau dans le contenant de liquide de lavage (40) à l'unité de commande (50), que l'unité de commande (50), lorsqu'une valeur limite inférieure préréglée du niveau est atteinte, arrête l'entraînement pour l'avance de l'élément de traction et/ou de pression (14) lorsque la valeur limite inférieure est atteinte ou n'est pas atteinte.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le liquide de lavage (46) contient de l'eau et de la bentonite et/ou un polymère.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur détermine la pression du liquide de lavage entre la pompe (42) et l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24) et transmet une information correspondant à la pression à l'unité de commande (50), que l'unité de commande (50) commande la pompe (42) de telle sorte que la pompe (42) fonctionne à sa puissance de refoulement maximale jusqu'à ce qu'une pression minimale préréglée du liquide de lavage (46) soit atteinte.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (50) commande la pompe (42) une fois la pression minimale atteinte, de telle sorte que le débit volumique (V) du liquide de lavage (46) est réduit à un débit volumique minimal préréglé, lorsqu'aucune avance de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24) ne s'effectue.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur détermine la pression du liquide de lavage (46) entre la pompe (42) et l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24) et transmet une information correspondant à la pression à l'unité de commande (50), de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (50) n'active l'unité d'entraînement (52) pour l'avance de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24) qu'une fois la pression minimale atteinte.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (50) commande le dispositif (10, 12) dans un premier mode de fonctionnement, de telle sorte que le débit volumique (V) du liquide de lavage (46) peut être réglé indépendamment de la vitesse d'avance (v), et que l'unité de commande (50) commande le dispositif (10, 12) dans un deuxième mode de fonctionnement, de telle sorte que le débit volumique (V) du liquide de lavage (46) est modifié (v) de manière proportionnelle par rapport à la vitesse d'avance, dans lequel de préférence un basculement pendant le fonctionnement du dispositif (10, 12) entre le premier et le deuxième mode de fonctionnement s'effectue.
  14. Procédé pour commander un dispositif pour produire ou élargir un forage dans le sol,
    selon lequel un élément de traction et/ou de pression (14) relié à l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24) est déplacé à l'aide d'une unité d'entraînement (52) à une vitesse d'avance (v) en direction de son axe longitudinal à distance de l'unité d'entraînement (52) ou en direction de l'unité d'entraînement (52),1
    selon lequel un liquide de lavage (46), qui sort au niveau de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24), est refoulé vers l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24),
    selon lequel le débit volumique (V) du liquide de lavage (46) sortant au niveau de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24) est réglé en fonction de la vitesse d'avance (v), caractérisé en ce
    que la quantité de liquide de lavage (46) nécessaire à un forage ou à un élargissement d'un forage par section de trajet est déterminée à partir d'au moins un paramètre du forage ou de l'élargissement à produire, et
    qu'une pompe (42) pour refouler le liquide de lavage (46) commande de telle sorte que le débit volumique (V) du liquide de lavage (46) est réglé en fonction de la vitesse d'avance (v) de sorte que la quantité déterminée de liquide de lavage par section de trajet sort au niveau de l'outil de forage et/ou d'élargissement (20, 24).
EP19157706.3A 2018-02-22 2019-02-18 Dispositif de production ou d'élargissement d'un forage de sol Active EP3530871B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018104020.2A DE102018104020A1 (de) 2018-02-22 2018-02-22 Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen oder Aufweiten einer Erdbohrung

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EP3530871A1 EP3530871A1 (fr) 2019-08-28
EP3530871B1 true EP3530871B1 (fr) 2020-09-23

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19901001C2 (de) 1999-01-13 2002-09-12 Terra Ag Fuer Tiefbautechnik S Erdbohranlage mit Gestängewechsler
US6315062B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-11-13 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Horizontal directional drilling machine employing inertial navigation control system and method
EP1252413A2 (fr) * 2000-01-12 2002-10-30 The Charles Machine Works Inc Systeme destine a automatiquement percer et aleser des trous de sonde
DE10115233C5 (de) 2000-05-11 2011-09-15 TERRA AG für Tiefbautechnik Horizontalbohranlage
DE102010004287A1 (de) 2010-01-11 2011-07-14 TERRA AG für Tiefbautechnik Verfahren und Anordnung zum Herstellen und/oder Aufweiten einer Erdbohrung
DE102015107194A1 (de) 2015-05-08 2016-11-10 TERRA AG für Tiefbautechnik Bohranlage zum Erzeugen oder Aufweiten einer Erdbohrung im Erdreich und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Vorschubantriebs einer solchen Bohranlage

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