EP3535501A1 - Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique à base de matériaux viscoélastiques - Google Patents

Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique à base de matériaux viscoélastiques

Info

Publication number
EP3535501A1
EP3535501A1 EP17797294.0A EP17797294A EP3535501A1 EP 3535501 A1 EP3535501 A1 EP 3535501A1 EP 17797294 A EP17797294 A EP 17797294A EP 3535501 A1 EP3535501 A1 EP 3535501A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damping
viscoelastic
din
visco
elastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17797294.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Achten
Thomas BÜSGEN
Dirk Dijkstra
Roland Wagner
Bettina METTMANN
Nicolas Degiorgio
Peter Reichert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Covestro Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Covestro Deutschland AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Covestro Deutschland AG filed Critical Covestro Deutschland AG
Publication of EP3535501A1 publication Critical patent/EP3535501A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/15—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays consisting of two or more layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/148—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays of different resilience
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
    • B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing

Definitions

  • Visco-elastic damping body based on viscoelastic materials
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a visco-elastic damping body comprising at least one spring element containing at least one viscoelastic material.
  • the invention further relates to a visco-elastic damping body, manufactured or produced by such a method and a solid, comprising or consisting of a plurality of such damping bodies.
  • Damping bodies of the type mentioned can be used for example in mattresses, as described in EP 1 962 644 A2. Therein, a large number of damping bodies are combined as a composite in a mattress.
  • a combination mattress which is composed of a plurality of spring elements, which adjoin one another at their peripheral surfaces and are held together by means of a circulating belt. To secure the band, the spring elements have a groove.
  • the spring elements are made of latex.
  • spring mattresses are known in which introduced into fabric pockets metal springs are provided as spring elements.
  • the metal spring core thus formed is also referred to as Bonnell spring core or pocket spring core.
  • a foam padding is positioned, which is usually made of block foam and has a certain elasticity.
  • foam mattresses with incorporated in the foam core wire springs are known.
  • a padding element for furniture and mattresses is known in which a plurality of spring elements is assembled into a laminar composite.
  • the spring elements are made of sheep wool and filled in preferably made of cotton bags, the upper end faces of the pocket springs form the later load surface.
  • a plurality of spring elements is arranged side by side and connected in individual rows each with each other, preferably sewn together.
  • a pad member for supporting a lying human body known.
  • a mattress part made of elastic material, such as foam, has a plurality of juxtaposed channels, are inserted into the inserts of different elasticity, so that the mattress part on his lying surface locally different Has elasticity ranges.
  • the inserts may consist of an elastic material corresponding to that of the mattress part.
  • DE 10 2015 100 816 B3 describes a method for producing a body-supporting element, such as e.g. a mattress, based on print data using a 3D printer. On the basis of the print data areas of different elasticity can be generated by the formation of cavities of different sizes and / or different numbers by the 3D printer.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide a method for producing a visco-elastic damping body, which allows the production of damping bodies with individually adjustable visco-elastic behavior at the same time high spatial resolution.
  • the generated damping body should be suitable, for example, as a mechanical vibration damper or for use in a mattress.
  • the object is achieved with a visco-elastic damping body of the type mentioned above in that the viscoelastic damping body is produced via a 3D printing process using at least one viscoelastic material at the time of use.
  • the invention thus provides a method for producing a visco-elastic damping body comprising at least one viscoelastic spring element, wherein the method is characterized in that the viscoelastic spring element of at least one viscoelastic material with a tan ⁇ of at least 0.5, determined according to DIN 53535 : 1982-03, constructed and produced via a 3D printing process.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that an individualized adaptation of the damping properties is possible by means of a 3D printing method.
  • Individualized means Here, that not only individual pieces can be produced economically useful, but also that the damping properties of a damping body at different points of the body can be set as desired and with a high spatial resolution.
  • a mattress can be customized to a customer according to the anatomical requirements or needs. For example, in order to achieve an optimal pressure distribution while lying on the mattress, a pressure profile of the body can first be recorded on a sensor surface and the data thus obtained used for the individualization of the mattress. The data is then fed to the 3D printing process in a manner known per se.
  • the 3D printing process may be selected, for example, from Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), Ink Jet Printing, Photopolymer Jetting, Stereo Lithography, Selective Laser Sintering, Digital Light Processing based Additive Manufacturing System, Continuous Liquid Interface Production, Selective Laser Melting, Binder Jetting-based additive manufacturing, Multijet Fusion-based additive manufacturing, High Speed Sintering Process and Laminated Object Modeling.
  • FFF Fused Filament Fabrication
  • Ink Jet Printing Photopolymer Jetting
  • Stereo Lithography Stereo Lithography
  • Selective Laser Sintering Digital Light Processing based Additive Manufacturing System
  • Continuous Liquid Interface Production Selective Laser Melting
  • Binder Jetting-based additive manufacturing Multijet Fusion-based additive manufacturing
  • High Speed Sintering Process High Speed Sintering Process and Laminated Object Modeling.
  • FFF fused filament fabrication
  • the plastic can be used with or without further additives such as fibers FFF machines belong to the machine class of 3D printers
  • This process is based on the liquefaction of a wire-shaped plastic or wax material by heating, during which the material solidifies Material is applied by extrusion with a freely movable heating nozzle in relation to a production level, either the production level can be fixed and the nozzle is freely movable or a nozzle is fixed and a substrate table (with a production level) can be moved or both elements, nozzle and Production levels are v
  • the speed with which the substrate and nozzle can be moved relative to one another is preferably in a range from 1 to 200 mm / s.
  • the layer thickness is depending on the application in a range of 0.025 and 1.25 mm, the exit diameter of the material jet (
  • the individual layers combine to form a complex part.
  • the structure of a body is carried out by repeating regularly, one line at a time working plane (formation of a layer) and then the working plane "stacking" is shifted upward (forming at least one further layer on the first layer), so that a shape is formed in layers
  • Exit temperature of the substance mixtures from the nozzle can For example, be 80 ° C to 420 ° C. It is also possible to heat the substrate table, for example at 20 ° C to 250 ° C. As a result, too rapid cooling of the applied layer can be prevented, so that a further, applied thereto layer sufficiently connects to the first layer.
  • the visco-elastic damping body according to the invention can have its damping properties in any desired spatial direction.
  • the type of deformation is secondary.
  • the visco-elastic damping body can be subjected to, inter alia, compression, tension, torsion or bending deformation and dampen it.
  • a visco-elastic damping body in the sense of the present invention may, for example, consist of different space-oriented and directionally dependent spring elements in their spring and damping effects, which in turn are based on energy-elastic materials with tan ⁇ ⁇ 0.5 and at least one viscoelastic material ⁇ > 0, 5 at operating temperature, for example 25 ° C, are constructed.
  • the spring force acting in the volume of space is governed by the material moduli and geometry factors, such as e.g. the wall thickness and spatial orientation of the spring elements determined.
  • the damping is controlled by the damping component of the viscoelastic spring element as well as the length and design as well as the proportion of the total modulus of the viscoelastic spring elements.
  • the arrangement of different geometric damping body and other by definition of energy elastic spring elements and possibly additional deformation-limiting elements in the space enclosed by the damping body (closed or open) allows the targeted construction of symmetrical but also asymmetrically acting visco-elastic 3D damping bodies.
  • the individual spring elements can be mechanically coupled or mechanically coupled and stationary.
  • all these spring elements are produced by means of additive 3D printing production methods.
  • Various additive manufacturing technologies can be used in parallel or in series.
  • the modulus or the "spring force" of the damping body according to the invention is given by its compressive strength according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1 for soft elastic foams with low density and DIN EN ISO 3386-2 for soft elastic foams with high density as compression resistance in kPa.
  • the compression hardness of the damping body according to the invention is for example in the range of 0.01 to 1000 kPa.
  • the compression hardness according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1: 2010-09 des Damping body of the invention at a compression to 40% of its original height in the range of 0.1 to 500 kPa, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 100 kPa.
  • Viscoelasticity refers to a partially elastic, partially viscous material behavior. Visco-elastic substances thus combine features of liquids and solids in themselves. The effect is time, temperature and frequency dependent and occurs in polymeric melts and solids such. As plastics but also other materials.
  • the elastic portion basically causes a spontaneous, limited, reversible deformation, while the viscous portion basically causes a time-dependent, unlimited, irreversible deformation.
  • the viscous and elastic component is different in different visco-elastic materials, and the nature of the interaction differs.
  • elastic behavior is represented by a spring, the hook element, and viscous behavior by a damping cylinder, the Newton element. Visco-elastic behavior can be modeled by combining two or more of these elements.
  • Kelvin body in which the spring and damping cylinders are connected in parallel. Under load, z. B. by stretching, the deformation is decelerated by the damping cylinder and limited by the spring in their extent. After a discharge, the body returns due to the hook element back to its original position.
  • the Kelvin body thus deforms as a function of time, like a liquid, but limited and reversible like a solid.
  • the storage modulus is very small compared to the loss modulus
  • the loss modulus is very small compared to the storage modulus.
  • Visco-elastic materials have both a measurable storage modulus and a measurable loss modulus. If the storage modulus is greater than the loss modulus, it is called solids, otherwise liquids.
  • the loss factor is therefore a measure of the damping of a visco-elastic body.
  • the damping tan ⁇ of the damping body according to the invention is at a compression or tensile deformation in the direction of action preferably at 0, 5 to 2, in particular at 0.5 to 0.9, preferably 0.5 to 0.8, measured according to DIN 53535: 1982 -03: testing of rubber and elastomers; Basics for dynamic test methods.
  • the compression hardness according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1 is preferably in the range 0.5-100 kPa and the damping in the range 0.1-1.
  • the permanent deformation is determined according to DIN ISO 815-1: 2010-09: Elastomers or Thermoplastic Elastomers - Determination of Compression Set.
  • the standard determines the compression set (DVR) at constant strain.
  • DVR compression set
  • a DVR of 0% means that the body has fully recovered to its original thickness, a DVR of 100% says the body was completely deformed during the trial and shows no reset.
  • the indefinite term “a” generally stands for “at least one” in the sense of “one or more.” The person skilled in the art understands, depending on the situation, that not the indefinite article but the specific article “a” in the sense of “1” is meant must or the indefinite article “a” in one embodiment, the specific article “a” (1) includes.
  • the damping body has a compression set after a 10% compression of ⁇ 5%, measured according to DIN ISO 815-1, in particular of ⁇ 3%, preferably of ⁇ 2%. This is advantageous since such a damping body has the same resiliency for each new load. In the case of a mattress, visible pressure marks are avoided as far as possible.
  • the damping body can have a damping tan ⁇ of 0.05 to 2 in a compression or tensile deformation in the direction of action, in particular from 0.1 to 1, measured according to DIN 53535: 1982-03.
  • the damping of the damping body may be different than that of the individual damping element.
  • This can be realized by combining damping elements with different damping behavior and spring elements with the damping bodies according to the invention in such a way that the aforementioned values for the damping body in its entirety correspond to the abovementioned values.
  • the damping body is configured partially or completely as an open-cell hollow body and provided with at least one passage opening and preferably exhibits an attenuation tan ⁇ of 0.1-1 measured according to DIN 53535 in the event of a compression or tension deformation in the direction of action.
  • the volume of the damping body may be, for example, 1000L to 100mL, especially 700L to 1L, most especially 500L to 2L.
  • Open damping body can be produced during manufacture or else only after the production of the hollow body.
  • the latter can be realized, for example, by chemical dissolution or melting of a sacrificial material from the construction volume of the damping body.
  • sacrificial material is meant a material that is not part of the finished damping body, but is used only during the manufacture of the damping body, for example, to support structures during the layered construction with the damping body forming building material / materials by a 3D printing process or the To allow overhang production.
  • sacrificial materials for example, waxes having a lower melting point than the building material (s) or materials that are soluble in a different solvent than the building material (s) are used.
  • water-insoluble polyvinyl alcohol PVA
  • HIPS high impact polystyrene
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • a damping body according to the invention may preferably have a compressive strength according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1 with a compression to 40% of its original height of 0.01 to 1000 kPa and / or a damping tan ⁇ according to DIN 53535 of 0.1 to 1 and / or a Compression set to DIN ISO 815-1 after 10% compression 5%. Preferably after ⁇ 20% compression ⁇ 8% and most preferably after 40% compression ⁇ 15%.
  • a further preferred embodiment is directed to the production of a 3D damping body wherein the 3D damper element has a permanent deformation after 40% compression of ⁇ 10% of the original component height.
  • the visco-elastic damping body is characterized by an elastic modulus according to DIN EN ISO 604: 2003-12 of the structural materials used of ⁇ 2 GPa, in particular from 1 to 1000 MPa, preferably 2-500 MPa
  • Such a damping body can be produced for example by a method according to the invention which comprises at least one of the following steps:
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention comprises, in addition to one of the above steps I) to IV), one of the further steps:
  • more than one cushioning body is interconnected via bridging materials to form a product having viscoelastic properties such as, for example, a mattress, a seat, a helmet, a shoe.
  • the damping body contains at least one elastic material with a modulus of elasticity in preferred direction of compression of ⁇ 2 GPa and a material-specific damping tan ⁇ at operating temperature, in particular at 25 ° C, of ⁇ 0.2 wherein the damping body in its entirety Modulus in preferred direction of deformation and at operating temperature of ⁇ lGPa and a tan ⁇ > 0.2.
  • the spring element is designed such that the damping body has a compression hardness of 0.1 to 500 kPa, measured according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1, in particular 0 0.5 to 100 kPa.
  • a single or a plurality of spring elements which are part of the damping body at the application temperature which is preferably in the range of 10-40 ° C has a modulus of elasticity in the preferred direction of deformation, for example 10 Pa to 2GPa.
  • the spring element may be formed, for example, as a compression spring, tension spring, leg spring, torsion spring, coil spring, diaphragm spring, leaf spring, disc spring, air spring, gas spring, ring spring, Evolutfeder or coil spring.
  • a part of the spring elements may consist of metallic materials in a particular embodiment. In this case, several of the aforementioned types can be used in a damping body, for example, to establish a different suspension behavior at different points of the damping body.
  • a multiplicity of elastic and viscoelastic spring elements are connected in parallel and / or sequentially to one another and at least partially coupled to one another. These are understood to mean elastic and viscoelastic spring elements which can not be deformed independently of each other.
  • the coupling with each other for example, by known joining techniques such as gluing or welding or already in the manufacturing process in such a way that the individual elements are in advance of each other.
  • the tensile modulus of the materials of the damping element used may be ⁇ 250 GPa, measured according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009-12, in particular from 0.05 to 150 GPa.
  • the material can be reinforced in the pulling direction by carbon, aramid or glass fibers in order to achieve excellent tensile stabilities in addition to the damping in the main deformation direction.
  • the damping body can be constructed either from one or else from two or more different materials, for example from 2 to 10 different materials, in particular from more than 3 different materials, for example from 3 to 8 different materials.
  • Various spring elements may be constructed of the same or different materials.
  • the curing of the materials used can be carried out by cooling of metals or thermoplastics, by cold or hot polymerization, polyaddition, polycondensation, addition or condensation or by electron or electro-magnetic radiation initiated polymerization.
  • the material of the spring elements can be selected independently from metals, plastics and composites, in particular from thermoplastically processable plastic formulations based on polyamides, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyimides, Polyetherkethonen, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene and / or crosslinked materials based of polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polysilicones, polyacrylates, polyesters, rubber materials and mixtures and copolymers of at least two of these.
  • the material of the spring element and the damping element is particularly preferably selected from thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), cycloolefinic copolyesters (COC), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetheramide ketone (PEAK), polyetherimide (PEI) (eg Ultem), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polylactate (PLA), polymethyl methacrylate ( PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyacrylate, celluloid or a mixture of at least two thereof.
  • the material is selected from a group consisting of TPE, TPU, PA, thermo
  • Also used may be materials selected from reactive cure systems.
  • the material of the spring element and / or the damping element may contain at least one additive, such as.
  • additives such as.
  • fibers UV curing agents, peroxides, diazo compounds, sulfur, stabilizers, inorganic fillers, plasticizers, flame retardants and anti-oxidants.
  • additives are Kevlar, glass, aramid or carbon fibers rayon, cellulose acetate, and / or common natural fibers (eg flax, hemp, coco, etc.).
  • the substance mixtures may also contain reinforcing particles, in particular selected from inorganic or ceramic nanopowders, metal powders or plastic powders, for example of S1O 2 or Al 2 O 3 , AlOH 3 , carbon black, TIO 2 or CaCCb.
  • mixtures of substances z.
  • peroxides diazo compounds and / or sulfur.
  • reaction resins mixtures of two or more reaction resins may be mixed in advance or may be mixed on the substrate.
  • the order can be made in the latter case, for example, from different nozzles.
  • the curable compositions may be of different nature, but under the conditions of the method according to the invention must be liquid or viscous extrudable or liquid vertikbare plastic compositions. These may be thermoplastics, silicones or even hardenable Reactive resins act, for. B.
  • the generation of the damping body according to the invention is generally carried out in layers. After application of a first layer and, if necessary, after application of additional layers to produce a surface section, the applied material can be used in reactive systems, for. B. by cold or hot polymerization or polyaddition or polycondensation, addition (eg., PU addition) or condensation or initiation by electron or electro-magnetic radiation, in particular UV radiation, are cured. Thermosetting plastic mixtures can be cured by a corresponding IR radiation source.
  • DE 199 37 770 A1 discloses a two-component system comprising an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component. From both components, droplet jets are generated, which are aligned so that they unite into a common droplet jet. In the common droplet jet, the reaction of the isocyanate component with the isocyanate-reactive component begins.
  • the common drop steel is directed onto a support material where it is used to form a three-dimensional body to form a polymeric polyurethane.
  • EP 2 930 009 A2 describes a process for printing a multicomponent system comprising at least one isocyanate component and at least one isocyanate-reactive component which, because of their reactivity and miscibility, are particularly suitable for inkjetting processes.
  • Another object of the present invention relates to a visco-elastic damping body, manufactured or prepared by the method according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a solid, comprising or consisting of a plurality of damping bodies according to the invention, wherein the volume body is in particular a mattress.
  • the solid according to the invention is preferably constructed of at least two damping bodies.
  • the invention also relates to a mechanical damper, such as a damped strut comprising at least one damping body according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a use of one or more according to the damping body according to the invention as a solid body preferably for supporting body parts.
  • the solid is preferably selected from the group consisting of a mattress, a cushion, a seat, a sofa, preferably a sofa part, a chair, preferably a chair part, a cushion, a helmet, a body protector, an orthopedic support element, preferably a part of a orthopedic support element, a shoe and parts thereof or a combination of at least two thereof.
  • the body is for use as a support of body parts selected from the group consisting of a mattress, a cushion, a seat, a cushion and parts thereof or a combination of at least two thereof.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a visco-elastic damping body comprising at least one viscoelastic spring element, characterized in that the viscoelastic spring element of at least one viscoelastic material with a tan ⁇ of at least 0.5, determined according to DIN 53535: 1982 -03, is constructed and generated via a 3D printing process.
  • the invention relates to a method according to item 1, characterized in that the viscoelastic material has a tan ⁇ of 0.5 to 0.9, determined according to DIN 53535: 1982-03, in particular from 0.5 to 0 ,8th.
  • the invention relates to a method according to any one of the preceding articles, characterized in that the viscoelastic material is selected from thermoplastically processable plastic formulations based on polyamides, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyimides, Polyetherkethonen, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene and / or crosslinked materials based on polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polysilicones, polyacrylates, polyesters and mixtures and copolymers of at least two thereof.
  • thermoplastically processable plastic formulations based on polyamides, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyimides, Polyetherkethonen, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene and / or crosslinked materials based on polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polysilicones, polyacrylates, polyesters and mixtures and copolymers of at least two thereof.
  • the invention relates to a method according to item 3, characterized in that the viscoelastic material is selected from thermoplastically processable plastic formulations based on polyacrylates, polyurethanes and mixtures and copolymers of at least two thereof.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding objects, characterized in that the viscoelastic spring element is designed as a partially or completely filled with a fluid hollow body and provided with at least one passage opening, wherein the fluid is in particular selected from air, nitrogen , Carbon dioxide, oils, Water, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, ionic liquids, electro-rheological, magneto-rheological, neontonian, visco-elastic, rheo-opene, thixotropic liquids or mixtures of at least two thereof.
  • the fluid is in particular selected from air, nitrogen , Carbon dioxide, oils, Water, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, ionic liquids, electro-rheological, magneto-rheological, neontonian, visco-elastic, rheo-opene, thixotropic liquids or mixtures of at least two thereof.
  • the invention relates to a method according to item 5, characterized in that the proportion of fluid viscoelasticity in the deformation of the viscoelastic spring element from its unloaded state is at most 10% of the total viscoelasticity of the viscoelastic spring element, in particular at most 5% , preferably at most 1%, more preferably less than 0.5%.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding objects, characterized in that the viscoelastic spring element has a compression hardness of 0.01 to 1000 kPa, measured according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1: 2010-09, in particular of 0, 1 to 500 kPa, from 0.5 to 100 kPa.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding objects, characterized in that a plurality of viscoelastic spring elements connected in parallel and / or sequentially to each other and at least partially coupled to each other, wherein the viscoelastic spring elements are constructed the same or different.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding objects, characterized in that the damping body has a compression set after a 10% compression of ⁇ 2%, measured according to DIN ISO 815-1: 2010-09.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding objects, characterized in that the damping body at a compression or tensile deformation in the direction of action an attenuation tan ⁇ of 0.05 to 2, in particular from 0.1 to 1, measured according to DIN 53535: 1982-03.
  • the invention relates to a method according to any preceding item, characterized in that the 3D printing method is selected from Fused Filament Fabrication (FF), Ink Jet Printing, Photopolymer Jetting, Stereo Lithography, Selective Laser Sintering, Digital Light Processing based Additive Manufacturing System, Continuous Liquid Interface Production, Selective Laser Melting, Binder Jetting based additive manufacturing, Multijet Fusion based additive manufacturing, High Speed Sintering Process and Laminated Object Modeling or a combination of at least two of them.
  • FFFF Fused Filament Fabrication
  • Ink Jet Printing Photopolymer Jetting
  • Stereo Lithography Stereo Lithography
  • Selective Laser Sintering Digital Light Processing based Additive Manufacturing System
  • Continuous Liquid Interface Production Selective Laser Melting
  • Binder Jetting based additive manufacturing Multijet Fusion based additive manufacturing
  • High Speed Sintering Process High Speed Sintering Process and Laminated Object Modeling or a combination of at least two of them.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding objects, characterized in that the tensile modulus of the materials used for the damping body (1, 20, 30) ⁇ 250GPa, measured according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009- 12, in particular from 0.05 to 150 GPa.
  • the invention relates to a method according to one of the preceding articles, characterized in that the material of the spring element (4) and the damping element is independently selected from metals, plastics and composites, in particular from thermoplastically processable plastic formulations based on polyamides, Polyurethanes, polyesters, polyimides, Polyetherkethonen, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene and / or crosslinked materials based on polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polysilicones, polyacrylates, polyesters and mixtures and copolymers of at least two thereof.
  • thermoplastically processable plastic formulations based on polyamides, Polyurethanes, polyesters, polyimides, Polyetherkethonen, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene and / or crosslinked materials based on polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polysilicones, polyacryl
  • the invention relates to a visco-elastic damping body, manufactured or producible by a method according to one of the items 1 to 13, wherein the damping body has in particular one or more of the following properties:
  • Hollow volume 1 ⁇ to 1 L, preferably 10 ⁇ to 100 mL
  • Thickness of the material 10 ⁇ to 1 cm, preferably 50 ⁇ to 0.5 cm
  • Diameter of the passage openings 10 to 5000 ⁇
  • the invention relates to a solid, comprising or consisting of a plurality of damping bodies according to item 14, wherein the volume body is in particular a mattress.
  • Fig. 1 shows a solid according to the invention in the form of a mattress in a schematic three-dimensional representation of obliquely above and
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of the marked in Fig. 1 with "I" portion of the solid body as it is generated in the 3D printer.
  • an inventive solid M in the form of a mattress is shown schematically in a three-dimensional view obliquely from above.
  • the mattress M is divided into different sections A, B, C, D, E.
  • the mattress M is divided horizontally into the section C on the one hand and the sections A, B, D and E on the other.
  • Section C is the mattress underside
  • the sections D are the upper and lower edge regions of the mattress during sleep which usually no special load rests
  • section E is the head and shoulder area
  • section A of the torso and section B of the leg area The individual sections differ in their damping behavior and their compressive strength as follows:
  • the compression hardness and the damping behavior can thus be adapted individually and spatially resolved to the physiological characteristics of an individual.
  • a plurality of damping elements and, if desired, also spring elements is generated via the 3D printing process, which then achieve the above-mentioned values for tan ⁇ and the compression hardness in cooperation.
  • FIG. 1 a region I is furthermore marked with a dashed line. This is shown enlarged in Fig. 2. This again shows the sections B, C, D and their structure, as they are produced in the production of a 3D printer. In Fig. 2 it can be clearly seen that the structure of the printed repeat units in the individual sections B, C, D are different, resulting in a different damping behavior and a different compression hardness.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un corps d'amortissement viscoélastique comprenant au moins un élément ressort viscoélastique. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'élément ressort viscoélastique est constitué d'au moins un matériau viscoélastique présentant un tan δ d'au moins 0,5, déterminé selon la norme DIN 53535: 1982-03, et peut être produit par un procédé d'impression 3D. L'invention concerne en outre un corps d'amortissement viscoélastique, qui est fabriqué ou peut être fabriqué selon ce procédé, ainsi qu'un corps volumique, comprenant ou constitué d'une pluralité de corps d'amortissement de ce type.
EP17797294.0A 2016-11-04 2017-11-02 Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique à base de matériaux viscoélastiques Withdrawn EP3535501A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16197297 2016-11-04
PCT/EP2017/078011 WO2018083150A1 (fr) 2016-11-04 2017-11-02 Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique à base de matériaux viscoélastiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3535501A1 true EP3535501A1 (fr) 2019-09-11

Family

ID=57240965

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17797294.0A Withdrawn EP3535501A1 (fr) 2016-11-04 2017-11-02 Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique à base de matériaux viscoélastiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20190254439A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3535501A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109891118A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018083150A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019110292A1 (de) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Sven Oliver Maier Matratze
WO2021055441A1 (fr) 2019-09-18 2021-03-25 Steelcase Inc. Élément de support de corps ayant une structure en treillis
US12466125B2 (en) 2019-09-26 2025-11-11 Kyoraku Co., Ltd. Granular material for thermal fusion type three-dimensional printers, method for producing shaped article, and filament
CN112315255B (zh) * 2020-12-02 2023-01-06 林敏� 一种方便活动的新型水床
WO2022261202A1 (fr) * 2021-06-09 2022-12-15 Dreamwell, Ltd. Composants de literie comprenant des structures polymères en treillis fabriquées de manière additive
US12433422B2 (en) 2021-06-09 2025-10-07 Dreamwell, Ltd. Bedding components including additively manufactured polymeric lattice structures
IT202100025082A1 (it) * 2021-09-30 2023-03-30 Cytech S R L Indumento con imbottitura e relativo procedimento di realizzazione
CN114872343B (zh) * 2022-05-13 2024-07-16 浙江理工大学 一种离合器用复合材料膜片弹簧的制备方法
CA3257484A1 (fr) * 2022-06-21 2023-12-28 Dreamwell, Ltd. Sélection personnalisée d'oreiller et/ou de matelas
CN115126111A (zh) * 2022-08-10 2022-09-30 南京林业大学 一种增材制造黏弹性阻尼装置
EP4321339A1 (fr) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-14 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'amortissement des vibrations et/ou d'absorption des chocs
US20240389773A1 (en) * 2023-05-23 2024-11-28 Standard Fiber, Llc Three dimensional (3d) printed pillow
EP4555900A1 (fr) * 2023-11-15 2025-05-21 F-mattress products Trading und Treuhand GmbH Couche de confort externe pour recouvrir un article de support de couchage prêt à l'emploi

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3937214A1 (de) 1989-11-08 1991-05-16 Walter Prof Dr Kuehnegger Orthese zur lagerung des liegenden menschlichen koerpers
DE19937770C2 (de) 1999-08-10 2002-01-03 Bayer Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von dreidimensionalen oder flächenartigen Gebilden
DE29918893U1 (de) 1999-10-27 2000-01-13 Binder, Rudolf, 90409 Nürnberg Textil-Federelement für Polstermöbel und Matratzen
US20110173757A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-07-21 Denver Mattress Co. Llc Cushioning devices and methods
CN100506117C (zh) 2005-06-20 2009-07-01 廖秀真 组合式床垫
DE502007000788D1 (de) 2006-01-27 2009-07-09 Basf Se Verfahren zur herstellung von offenzelligen viskoelastischen polyurethan-weichschaumstoffen
DE102006025136B4 (de) 2006-05-30 2008-07-10 Metzeler Schaum Gmbh Polsterelement, insbesondere eine Matratze, und Federelementeinheit für ein solches
US9931771B2 (en) * 2013-04-24 2018-04-03 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Softening materials based on thiol-ene copolymers
EP2930009B1 (fr) 2014-04-07 2019-01-16 Covestro Deutschland AG Procédé d'impression d'un système à plusieurs composants
US10875145B2 (en) * 2014-10-17 2020-12-29 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process
DE102015100816B3 (de) 2015-01-21 2015-12-17 Sven Oliver Maier Verfahren zur Herstellung eines körperstützenden Elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190254439A1 (en) 2019-08-22
CN109891118A (zh) 2019-06-14
WO2018083150A1 (fr) 2018-05-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2018083150A1 (fr) Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique à base de matériaux viscoélastiques
DE69504448T2 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Körpers mit variabler Dichte aus polymerem Fasermaterial
EP4077503B1 (fr) Procédé de soudage des mousses particulaires au moyen des enveloppes poreuses
WO2017207538A1 (fr) Corps d'amortissement viscoélastique et son procédé de fabrication
DE102013218223A1 (de) Verfahren für die Herstellung eines Bauteils für ein Fahrzeug
EP4292818A2 (fr) Objet composite comprenant un corps et une mousse et son procédé de fabrication
EP1886798A2 (fr) Pièce de formage d'un espace creux en trois dimensions dotée d'une structure multicouches et son procédé de fabrication
EP2042291B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée et pièce moulée
DE102016213791B4 (de) Bauteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102008035622A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polsterelements, insbesondere ein Sitzpolsterelement zur Verwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug, und Polsterelement
DE10300014A1 (de) Vakuumgeformter Fahrzeugteppichmodul
DE102016203444A1 (de) Schaumstoffelement sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schaumstoffelementes
DE102005062351B4 (de) Baueinheit in Form eines Hohlraumformteils und deren Verwendung
EP1721732A1 (fr) Moulage multicouches et et article moulé correspondant
EP0206061B1 (fr) Rembourrage pour sièges à armature légère et son procédé de fabrication
DE102011052254A1 (de) Element unter Verwendung einer dreidimensionalen Struktur aus Fasern, Garn oder Draht
DE10116624B4 (de) Kunststoffelement mit faserhaltiger Beschichtung
DE102018211090A1 (de) Fahrradsattel sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polsterelements für einen Fahrradsattel
DE102012112702A1 (de) Weich-Pad für Fahrzeug und Herstellungsverfahren davon/dafür
DE102014012571A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundkörpers, Verbundkörper, und Matratze
EP3755611B1 (fr) Selle de vélo
DE2914381A1 (de) Formkoerper aus geschaeumtem kunststoff
WO2018072891A1 (fr) Procédé pour la fabrication d'un corps en mousse présentant une structure interne
EP3213903A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un composant a partir d'une matiere plastique renforcee de fibres comprenant une surface fonctionnelle ou une surface decorative
DE102016209702B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strukturbauteils

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20190604

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20200103