EP3588104A1 - Detektionsverfahren einer störung in der stromversorgung eines fahrzeugs - Google Patents

Detektionsverfahren einer störung in der stromversorgung eines fahrzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3588104A1
EP3588104A1 EP19183186.6A EP19183186A EP3588104A1 EP 3588104 A1 EP3588104 A1 EP 3588104A1 EP 19183186 A EP19183186 A EP 19183186A EP 3588104 A1 EP3588104 A1 EP 3588104A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
threshold value
value
collection device
vehicle
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Granted
Application number
EP19183186.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3588104B1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien MUSSET
Patrick DUBAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication of EP3588104A1 publication Critical patent/EP3588104A1/de
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for detecting a failure in the electrical supply of a vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle suitable for implementing this method.
  • Rail vehicles with electric traction are known which are capable of operating both in areas provided with an electrical supply line, such as a catenary or a third rail, and in areas which are devoid of such a line. power supply.
  • these rail vehicles typically include an electrical energy storage device, including accumulator batteries or super-capacitors.
  • the storage device provides the vehicle with the electrical energy necessary to operate in areas without an electrical power line.
  • These railway vehicles also include a collection device, such as a pantograph or a shoe, for collecting an electric current from the power supply line. When the vehicle is in an area provided with an electrical supply line, the collection device makes it possible to supply the vehicle electrically and / or to recharge the storage device.
  • the current passing through the collection device may have too high an intensity for too long a period. This generally leads to excessive heating of the collection device and / or of the power supply line, which can lead to degradation or even destruction of the collection device and / or of the power supply line.
  • the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a method for detecting a failure in the electrical supply of a vehicle.
  • a failure of the vehicle's electrical supply can be detected and the collection device can be disconnected before damaging the outside line or the collection device itself.
  • the figure 1 represents an electric vehicle 2 comprising an electric traction chain 4, auxiliary electrical equipment 6, a collection device 8 for collecting an electric current from an external power supply line 10 and an energy storage device 12.
  • the vehicle 2 is a rail vehicle, and more especially an urban transport vehicle, for example a tram or a metro or a passenger train.
  • the vehicle 2 is an electric road vehicle, such as a trolley bus.
  • the traction chain 4 comprises at least one electric motor capable of setting the vehicle 2 in motion when it is electrically powered.
  • the auxiliary electrical equipment 6 includes for example one or more of a lighting system, a rail signaling system, an air conditioning and / or heating system, or even a passenger information system. All or part of these auxiliary equipment 6 can be omitted.
  • the collection device 8 also called a collection device, is adapted to cooperate with the external supply line 10 in order to electrically supply the vehicle 2. It is chosen according to the technology used for the external supply line 10 .
  • the external supply line 10 comprises a catenary, or an overhead contact line, or an electrically conductive rail such as a third rail.
  • the collecting device 8 then comprises, by way of example and depending on the case, a pantograph, or a pole, or a wiper or a skate.
  • the storage device 12 is capable of electrically supplying the vehicle 2, in particular for supplying the traction chain 4, in order to circulate the vehicle 2 in areas devoid of an external supply line 10.
  • the storage device 12 is rechargeable and can store electrical energy collected by means of the collecting device 8.
  • the storage device 12 comprises electrochemical accumulator batteries, for example of lithium-ion or nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride technology.
  • the storage device 12 includes super-capacitors or supercapacitors. The components of the storage device 12 can be housed in boxes distributed inside the vehicle 2.
  • the storage device 12, the traction chain 4 and the auxiliary equipment 6 are connected to an internal electrical distribution circuit 14 connected to the collection device 8.
  • the collection device 8 is therefore electrically connected to the traction chain 4 and to the energy storage device 12.
  • the vehicle 2 comprises a circuit breaker 16 connected at the output of the collection device 8.
  • the circuit breaker 16 When the circuit breaker 16 is open, it makes it possible to electrically disconnect the collection device 8 from the internal electrical distribution circuit 14, and therefore to electrically disconnect the collection device 8, storage device 12 and traction chain 4.
  • vehicle 2 is capable of operating both in zones provided with an external supply line 10 and in zones which are devoid of such an external supply line 10.
  • the vehicle 2 and in particular the traction chain 4 can be supplied electrically by the electric current collected by the collection device 8 from the external supply line 10 or by the energy storage device 12.
  • the vehicle 2 comprises a device for regulating the electrical supply, not illustrated, which makes it possible to select a supply mode as a function of the operating state of the vehicle 2.
  • Vehicle 2 also includes a detection system for detecting a failure of the power supply.
  • the detection system comprises a current sensor 18 and an electronic control unit 20.
  • the control unit 20 is connected to the current sensor 18 and to the circuit breaker 16.
  • the current sensor 18 is able to measure the intensity of an electric current Ic flowing through the collection device 8.
  • the current can flow in one direction or the other depending on whether current is taken by the vehicle 2 from the external supply line 10 or is injected by the vehicle 2 to the external supply line 10.
  • the current sensor 18 includes a Rogowski toroid.
  • the current sensor 18 is placed at the outlet of the collection device 8 and upstream of the circuit breaker 16.
  • the control unit 20 comprises a logic calculation unit, such as a programmable microcontroller or a microprocessor, and a computer memory forming a data storage medium readable by computer.
  • the memory is a ROM memory, or a RAM memory, or a non-volatile memory of EPROM type, or EEPROM, or FLASH, or NVRAM, or an optical or magnetic memory or with phase change.
  • executable instructions for implementing a method for detecting a failure when these instructions are executed by the logical calculation unit.
  • control unit 20 includes a programmable logic component of FPGA type or a dedicated integrated circuit configured to implement the detection method.
  • an operating state of the vehicle 2 is detected by means of the electronic control unit 20, for example by means of an interface 22 of an on-board computer of the vehicle 2 For example, one or more of the characteristics previously described as representative of the operating state of the vehicle 2 are acquired.
  • control unit 20 automatically selects a first predefined value of a current threshold "Imax", a first predefined value of an energy threshold “Emax” and , in the example illustrated, a first predefined value of a duration threshold "tmax".
  • the first predefined values are chosen from predefined preset values according to the operating state detected during step 100.
  • the preset values are preregistered beforehand in the memory of the control unit by a manufacturer or a vehicle manager 2.
  • the speed of vehicle 2 (stationary or in motion) is determined and, during step 102, the threshold values are chosen accordingly from the pre-recorded preset values by selecting values corresponding to the vehicle speed 2.
  • the position of the collecting device 8 and / or the pressure exerted by it on the external supply line 10 and / or the position of the electric vehicle 2 along the track are also determined during the step 100 and the threshold values are chosen accordingly from the predefined preset values by selecting values corresponding to the speed of the vehicle 2 and / or to the position of the collecting device 8 and / or to the pressure exerted by and / or to the position of the electric vehicle along of the way.
  • the first threshold values Imax and Emax are chosen as a function of the characteristics of the collection device 8 and of the external supply line 10 and of the interface between the latter, and in particular of their capacity to withstand a temperature rise for a given time.
  • steps 100 and 102 are replaced by a step for acquiring threshold values Imax, Emax, and tmax independently of the state of the vehicle 2.
  • the intensity of the electric current Ic flowing through the current collection device 8 is measured by means of the current sensor 18.
  • the current sensor 18 measures an instantaneous value of the current Ic.
  • the measurement is preferably repeated over time, for example with a predefined measurement frequency.
  • control unit 20 automatically compares the intensity Ic measured with the first current threshold value Imax.
  • the control unit 20 If the measured intensity Ic is less than the first current threshold value Imax, then the control unit 20 considers in step 108 that the operation of the electrical supply of the vehicle 2 is normal.
  • the control unit 20 begins, during a step 110, to count a cumulative value of electrical energy Eacc which passes through the collection device 8 over time.
  • the accumulated energy value Eacc is counted by means of a counter recorded in the memory of the control unit 20 and which is incremented over time as a function of the instantaneous current values Ic measured by the sensor 8
  • the counter can be incremented or decremented according to the direction of current flow Ic.
  • step 112 the control unit 20 automatically compares the cumulative value Eacc with the first energy threshold value Emax. For example, step 112 is repeated over time, preferably with a predefined periodicity.
  • the control unit 20 When the cumulative energy value Eacc becomes greater than or equal to the energy threshold value Emax then the control unit 20 considers, during a step 114, that an anomaly is detected. The control unit 20 then orders, during a step 116, the disconnection of the collection device 8.
  • Disconnection can be achieved by electrically disconnecting the collecting device 8 from the traction chain 4 and the storage device 12, for example by sending a command signal to open the circuit breaker 16.
  • the disconnection is performed by electrically disconnecting the collection device 8 from the external supply line 10, for example by sending a control signal to an actuator coupled to the collection device 8 to move the collection device 8 in order to disengage it from the line d external power 10.
  • control unit 20 does not control the collection device 8 as long as the cumulative energy value Eacc remains lower than the first energy threshold value Emax.
  • control unit 20 continues to compare the measured intensity Ic with the value Imax, in order to detect if the measured intensity value Ic again becomes lower than the Imax value for a duration t greater than or equal to the threshold duration tmax.
  • step 118 the measured intensity Ic again becomes lower than the value Imax.
  • the control unit 20 begins to count down a duration t and continues to compare, in step 122, the intensity measured Ic with the value Imax.
  • the control unit 20 If the measured intensity Ic remains below the value Imax for a duration t greater than or equal to the duration threshold tmax, then, during a step 124, the control unit 20 resets the cumulative energy value Eacc. Otherwise, the accumulated value Eacc is not reset.
  • reset is meant a reset or more generally a reset of the accumulated energy value Eacc to a predetermined initial value.
  • a fault in the electrical supply of the vehicle 2 can be detected and the collection device 8 can be disconnected before damaging the external supply line 10 or the collection device 8.
  • the method makes it possible in particular to compensate for the fact that the circuit breakers generally used in vehicle 2 to protect the collection device 8 do not allow the tripping curve to be selected as a function of the mode of electrical supply used.
  • these circuit breakers are typically dimensioned with a high rating so as to allow the circulation of a high current when recharging the storage device 12 and therefore cannot satisfactorily detect an operating anomaly liable to damage the collection device 8 or the external supply line 10 which would occur at low intensity over a sufficiently long period.
  • the time delay implemented through steps 118 to 122 thanks to the threshold value tmax makes it possible to prevent the measurement of the current Ic from being disturbed by sudden variations in current, which could lead to a false diagnosis of the false positive type and an untimely tripping of circuit breaker 16.
  • steps 110 and 112 knowing the state of the vehicle 2 makes it possible to choose first appropriate threshold values as a function of the use made of the vehicle 2. For example, in the normal operation of the vehicle 2, of the current can normally be fed back to line 10. On the contrary, relying on fixed immutable thresholds would prevent this normal operation and lead to untimely opening of circuit breaker 16.
  • a first complementary detection method can also be implemented in conjunction with the method described above, in order to ensure disconnection of the collection device 8 in the event of an anomaly which would not have been correctly detected due to current sensor failure 18.
  • this method is implemented by an electronic control device, such as a second control unit 24 of the vehicle 2 similar to the control unit 20.
  • a second control unit 24 is omitted and the method is implemented by the control unit 20.
  • the first complementary detection method comprises a step 200 of acquiring a second current threshold value "I lim " and a second threshold value of duration "t lim " associated with the second current threshold value I lim .
  • these values are acquired from the memory of the control unit and are predefined by a manufacturer or a manager of the vehicle 2.
  • step 202 for example identical to or corresponding to step 104, the current Ic is measured by the sensor 18.
  • the value of the current Ic measured is compared with the second current threshold value h lim .
  • step 206 If the value of the current Ic measured is greater than or equal to the second threshold value of current I lim for a duration t greater than or equal to the second threshold value of duration t lim , then an anomaly is considered to be detected in step 206 and, during a step 208, the collection device 8 is disconnected, for example in a similar manner to step 116. If this is not the case, then steps 206 and 208 are not implemented.
  • second threshold values I lim , t lim can be defined and acquired during step 200.
  • one of the second current threshold values is exceeded by the current Ic during a duration greater than or equal to the second threshold value of duration t lim associated for the steps 206 and 208 to be implemented.
  • a second complementary detection method can also be implemented jointly with the detection method described above, or jointly with the first complementary method, in order to detect an operating anomaly of the current sensor 18.
  • this method is implemented by a central computer 30 of vehicle 2.
  • the second complementary detection method includes a step 210 of measuring the total value of the traction current I + I aux + I bat which circulates in the traction chain, in the auxiliary equipment and through the storage device 12.
  • the measurement is carried out by means of additional current sensors 32, 34, 36 which respectively measure the incoming "I traction” current or leaving the output of the traction chain 4, the current "I aux “ entering or leaving the output of the auxiliary equipment 6, and the current "I beating " entering or leaving the storage device 12.
  • the calculation of the total value of the traction current I + I aux + I bat is then carried out by the computer 30 by adding the measured traction currents I, I aux and I bat .
  • the computer 30 compares the current value Ic measured with the total value, or preferably with the absolute value of the total value.
  • the central computer 30 automatically generates an alert during a step 214.
  • the alert is generated in the form of a digital message recorded in a log file stored in the computer 30 and / or of a digital message sent to a computer server in a maintenance center.
  • the third current threshold value I lim2 is chosen equal to 50 amperes and the third threshold value of duration t lim2 is chosen equal to 1 second.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
EP19183186.6A 2018-06-29 2019-06-28 Detektionsverfahren einer störung in der stromversorgung eines fahrzeugs Active EP3588104B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1855929A FR3083325B1 (fr) 2018-06-29 2018-06-29 Procede de detection d'une defaillance dans l'alimentation electrique d'un vehicule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3588104A1 true EP3588104A1 (de) 2020-01-01
EP3588104B1 EP3588104B1 (de) 2023-03-08

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EP19183186.6A Active EP3588104B1 (de) 2018-06-29 2019-06-28 Detektionsverfahren einer störung in der stromversorgung eines fahrzeugs

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EP (1) EP3588104B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2944443T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3083325B1 (de)
PL (1) PL3588104T3 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2994332A1 (de) * 2013-05-08 2016-03-16 Volvo Truck Corporation Energieverwaltungssystem für nicht-schienengebundenes fahrzeug
US20170124783A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2017-05-04 Volvo Truck Corporation A method and arrangement for controlling charging of an electrical storage system in a vehicle

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2994332A1 (de) * 2013-05-08 2016-03-16 Volvo Truck Corporation Energieverwaltungssystem für nicht-schienengebundenes fahrzeug
US20170124783A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2017-05-04 Volvo Truck Corporation A method and arrangement for controlling charging of an electrical storage system in a vehicle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KREFELD: "eBus-High Power Charging Solutions from Siemens", 20 April 2015 (2015-04-20), pages 4, XP055558820, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://w3.siemens.com/topics/global/de/elektromobilitaet/PublishingImages/home/pdf/siemens-presentation-ebus-en.pdf> [retrieved on 20190219] *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3083325B1 (fr) 2021-04-09
EP3588104B1 (de) 2023-03-08
FR3083325A1 (fr) 2020-01-03
ES2944443T3 (es) 2023-06-21
PL3588104T3 (pl) 2023-07-17

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