EP3615272A1 - Boîtier de soufflage-aspiration d'un appareil de décapage par projection d'abrasif - Google Patents

Boîtier de soufflage-aspiration d'un appareil de décapage par projection d'abrasif

Info

Publication number
EP3615272A1
EP3615272A1 EP18790862.9A EP18790862A EP3615272A1 EP 3615272 A1 EP3615272 A1 EP 3615272A1 EP 18790862 A EP18790862 A EP 18790862A EP 3615272 A1 EP3615272 A1 EP 3615272A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blow
housing
suction
jacket
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18790862.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3615272A4 (fr
Inventor
Seppo Koivuniemi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Finnblast Oy
Original Assignee
Finnblast Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Finnblast Oy filed Critical Finnblast Oy
Publication of EP3615272A1 publication Critical patent/EP3615272A1/fr
Publication of EP3615272A4 publication Critical patent/EP3615272A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/06—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable
    • B24C3/065—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable with suction means for the abrasive and the waste material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
    • B24C9/003—Removing abrasive powder out of the blasting machine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/06—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/06—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable
    • B24C3/065—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable with suction means for the abrasive and the waste material
    • B24C3/067—Self-contained units for floorings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/08—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces
    • B24C3/10—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces for treating external surfaces
    • B24C3/12—Apparatus using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a blow-suction housing for an abrasive blasting apparatus, comprising a jacket having the shape of a housing with one open end, a blast nozzle, a suction opening in the jacket of the housing, and a suction hose connected to the opening, a gasket attached to the jacket, a flow channel formed between the jacket and the gasket, and the lower edge of the jacket.
  • Abrasive blasting is commonly used for cleaning surfaces, to be coated with paint, for example.
  • grit grains are blown at a high speed against a surface to be cleaned.
  • the grains impinging on the surface at a high speed remove debris, such as rust and rolling scale, from the surface.
  • compressed air is used for conveying the grains from a tank via a hose to a blast nozzle.
  • the mixture of compressed air and grit grains is discharged from the nozzle at a high speed which may be as high as 150 m/s.
  • the grit grains coming out of the nozzle, and the debris and dust being removed from the surface to be cleaned are spread widely into the environment. Having impinged on the surface to be cleaned, and bounced from it primarily sideways, the grit grains may still have a speed of, for example, 50 to 80 m/s.
  • housings of various sizes have been used, the abrasive blasting being confined in them.
  • the housing is placed tightly against the surface to be cleaned, and the mixture of grit grains and dust is collected from the housing by suction.
  • a suction hose connected to an exhauster is fastened to the opening in the housing.
  • the grit grains blown from the nozzle to the inside of the housing cause wear of the housing, due to the high speed of the grains.
  • the housing should be tight so that the grit grains cannot escape uncontrollably from the housing. At the same time, however, it has to be possible to draw air into the housing, so that the compressed air and the grit grains blown to the inside of the housing can be removed and conveyed back to the blasting apparatus.
  • the tightness problem is solved by providing a brush or a brush-like element as a gasket between the housing and the surface to be blasted, to prevent the grain from escaping but to let in air between the bristles.
  • Document JP 1 1207624 discloses an abrasive blasting apparatus where blasting is carried out inside a housing, and the grit grains are sucked up via a suction hose back to the blasting apparatus.
  • the housing comprises a brush which seals the housing against the surface to be cleaned. Air is drawn into the housing through the brush.
  • Document EP 0160353 presents a blow-suction housing of an abrasive blasting apparatus, where a brush is fastened to the vacuum housing in a flexible manner. Thanks to the flexible joint, the brush is flexibly movable if the surface to be sealed has a variable roughness. When the blow-suction head is moved manually, the brush adapts to the variations in distance.
  • document US 5833521 presents a structure where compressed air is blown into the blow-suction head.
  • the compressed air constitutes an air curtain through which the grit grains cannot escape.
  • Disadvantages of this approach include a high consumption of compressed air and the fact that the structure is not tight. Because the grit grains move at a speed as high as 80 m/s and higher within the blow-suction head, the thin curtain of compressed air is not sufficient to confine them within the housing. This is particularly true in the case of grit grains of metal, having a high density and thereby also a high kinetic energy.
  • the blow-suction housing for an abrasive blasting apparatus comprises a jacket having the shape of a housing with one open end, a blast nozzle, a suction opening in the jacket of the housing, a suction hose connected to the opening, a gasket fastened to the jacket, a flow channel formed between the jacket and the gasket, and the lower edge of the jacket.
  • the blow- suction housing is designed so that when it is installed onto a surface to be blasted, a gap is left between the lower edge of the jacket and the surface to be blasted.
  • a channel structure is mounted onto the flow channel in the jacket of the housing, to form an air duct, via which air can flow from the outside to the flow channel and into the housing.
  • the velocity of air flowing in the flow duct and in the gap can be arranged so high, typically 40 to 50 m/s, that the direction of movement of particles flying outwards is changed to a movement inwards into the blow-suction housing.
  • the flow channel or air duct comprises one or more bends.
  • the flow channel or air duct may comprise one or more protrusions or one or more recesses inside the channel or duct.
  • the inner surface of the flow channel or air duct is coated, in part or in whole, with a sound-absorbing coating.
  • the lower edge of the jacket can be fitted against the surface to be blasted so that the stream of air effective in the gap forming between the lower edge and the surface to be blasted, entrains particles lying on the surface to be blasted, and conveys them into the housing.
  • the gasket is made of a resilient material.
  • the channel structure and the gasket are connected by a flexible joint to the jacket of the blow-suction housing.
  • FIG. 1 shows an abrasive blasting apparatus comprising a blow-suction housing according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a blow-suction housing according to the invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the blow-suction housing according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an abrasive blasting apparatus comprising a blow-suction housing according to the invention.
  • the blasting apparatus comprises a pressure vessel 1 containing grit grains 2.
  • the size of the grit grains is generally 0.1 to 0.7 mm.
  • a grain valve 3 is provided under the pressure vessel, for adjusting the amount of grains supplied to blasting.
  • Compressed air is introduced in the apparatus by a com- pressed air valve 4 and a piping connected to it.
  • the grit grains flowing from the pressure vessel 1 via the grain valve 3 are mixed with a stream of compressed air under the grain valve 3, and the mixture of compressed air and grains is conveyed via a blast hose 5 to a blast nozzle 6.
  • the mixture 16 of compressed air and grit grains comes out at a high speed into the blow-suction housing.
  • the grit grains impinge on the surface 8 to be blasted and clean it by removing debris from the surface.
  • their travel direction is changed to follow the surface to be blasted, whereby they hit the jacket 7 of the blow-suction housing, particularly its lower part and gasket 20 (Fig. 2).
  • a suction hose 9, in which a negative pressure is caused by an air extractor 14, is connected to the jacket 7 of the blow-suction housing. Because of the negative pressure, air flows from the blow-suction housing to the suction hose.
  • the grit grains and the debris removed from the surface 8 are conveyed via the suction hose to a cyclone 10.
  • a cyclone dust and other fine particles are separated from each other.
  • the re-usable grains flow back to the pressure vessel 1 , and the fine particulate is conveyed via the channel 1 1 to a filter 12 where dust and other debris are separated from the air flow.
  • the dust 13 is collected in the lower part of the filter. Clean air is discharged from the filter via an air extractor 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows a blow-suction housing according to the invention in a cross-sec- tional view.
  • the jacket 7 of the blow-suction housing may be a cylindrical body of revolution, or it may have, for example, a rectangular shape.
  • a blast nozzle 6 is provided in the upper part of the blow-suction housing, for injecting a grain jet 16 towards the surface 8 to be blasted.
  • a gasket 20 is attached, its lower edge being lower than the lower edge 7a of the blow-suction housing. The gasket is off the housing jacket 7 so that an air flow channel 18 is formed between the gasket and the housing.
  • a gap 26 is formed between the lower edge 7a of the housing and the surface 8 to be blasted, via which gap air will flow from the flow channel 18 into the housing 15.
  • the gasket 20 may be rigidly fixed to the jacket 7, or it may be fastened in a flexible way by springs or rubber elements so that the springs or corresponding resilient elements press the gasket against the surface 8 to be blasted.
  • Air will flow via the flow channel 18 into the gap 26 and further into the housing 15.
  • the flow channel 18 is formed in the gap between the gasket 20 and the jacket 7 of the blow-suction housing.
  • the gasket 20 is designed so that air will flow from above the gasket 20 and further from the space between the gasket 20 and the housing downwards, and via the gap 26 between the lower edge 7a of the housing and the surface 8 to be blasted, into the housing 15.
  • the flow channel 18 may be short or long.
  • a separate channel structure 17 is arranged on top of it, forming an air duct 17a. Via the air duct 17a, air is conveyed to the flow channel 18. Fresh air is introduced via an inlet 21 in the channel structure 17.
  • the air duct 17a and the flow channel 18 comprise a bend or bends 23 in the air flow direction, whereby grains flying out of the blow-suction head collide with these bends. In the collisions, the outwards movement of the grains is reduced or stopped completely.
  • the channels also comprise protrusions 24 which help to prevent the granular particles from flying out along a rectilinear trajectory.
  • the walls of the channels comprise recesses 25 which trap the airborne granular particles.
  • a loud noise is produced by abrasive blasting, because the air and the grain jet 16 are expelled from the blast nozzle 6 at a high speed of, for example, 150 m/s.
  • the inside of the air duct 17a and the flow channel 18 can be coated by a sound absorbing material 27. In this way, the level of noise emitted into the environment can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the level of noise emitted outside the housing can be reduced by installing, for example, an air-permeable brush-like gasket outside the inlet 21 (Fig. 3).
  • the gasket 20 is made of a resilient material, such as rubber, whereby the gasket is pressed tightly against the surface 8 to be blasted even where the surface is uneven. Because the negative pressure in the blow-suction housing is low, due to the open air duct 17a and flow channel 18, the gasket 20 remains in constant contact with the surface 8 to be cleaned. It is not bent by the negative pressure so that an open space would be formed between the surface 8 and the gasket 20, through which space the grains could fly straight out.
  • the gasket 20 is normally made of a material that is impermeable to air and resistant to wear. The gasket 20 is attached by bars 19 or corresponding members to the air duct 17a or the housing jacket 7.
  • a gap 26 is left between the lower edge 7a of the blow-suction housing and the surface 8, through which gap air will flow into the housing.
  • the gap is dimensioned so that the air flow rate in the gap is so high that granular particles 28 lying on the surface 8 will be entrained in the air flow.
  • the air flow rate in the gap 26 is in the order of 40 to 50 m/s. At this rate, the air flow will convey the granular and dust particles from the surface 8 to be blasted to the inside of the blow-suction housing 15, from where they are conveyed by the air flow further into the suction hose 9.
  • Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the blow-suction housing according to the invention.
  • the gap between the lower edge of the housing and the surface to be blasted has been made longer.
  • the longer gap it is possible to increase the distance that the escaping grains have to travel in the direction opposite to the air flow direction.
  • the longer travel distance will efficiently reduce the velocity of the grains flying outwards, and thereby improve the sealing of the blow-suction head.
  • the lower edge 71 of the housing is designed to beflow technically advantageous, to reduce the pressure loss caused by the flow.
  • Figure 3 also shows a brush-like gasket 30 arranged outside the channel system, reducing the noise level outside the blasting head.
  • the abrasive blasting apparatus operates as follows: When abrasive blasting is on, a mixture of grains and air is ejected at a high speed from the nozzle into the blow- suction housing, and the grains impinge on the surface to be cleaned.
  • the speed of the grains may be, for example, 150 m/s when they are ejected from the nozzle.
  • the output speed depends on e.g. the structure of the nozzle, the blasting pressure applied, and the mass flow rate of the grit grains.
  • the grains impinge on the surface to be blasted they bounce primarily sideways. Thus, their speed is signifi- cantly reduced, but the speed may still be, for example, 50 to 70 m/s.
  • a small part of the grains will fly out via the gap below the lower edge of the housing, in the direction of the surface to be blasted, and impinge on the resilient gasket.
  • air is sucked up from the inside of the housing, and replacement air is introduced between the housing jacket and the gasket, along the air duct, to the gap between the lower edge and the surface, and further to the inside of the housing.
  • the gap between the lower edge of the housing jacket and the surface to be blasted is dimensioned so that the air flow rate in the gap is in the order of 40 to 50 m/s or higher.
  • the size of the gap may be, for example, 10 to 20 mm.
  • the velocity of the grains is reduced by 40 to 70% in the gap, depending on the size and the specific weight of the grains. For example, if an aluminium oxide grain has the size of 0.2 mm and a velocity of 50 m/s upon entering the gap, its velocity will be reduced to a value of 28 m/s when it comes out of the gap and impinges on the gasket. When the grain escaped through the gap impinges on the gasket, its velocity will drop to zero or at least decrease further to a significant extent. At this stage, most of the grains will be entrained in the air flow back into the housing. From the housing, they are conveyed by the air flow further along the suction hose to the blasting apparatus. A small proportion of the grains will bounce further outwards in the air duct.
  • the air duct between the housing jacket and the gasket is provided with mechanical stops and bends so that when these are hit by the grains, their outward movement will be stopped.
  • the air flow rate is designed such that the grains will be entrained in the air flow back to the blow-suction housing and further via the suction hose to the blasting apparatus.
  • a brush may be provided, replacement air being drawn through the brush into the flow channel.
  • a large amount of replacement air will flow into the blow-suction housing along a separate open channel.
  • the introduction of replacement air into the blow-suction head via the separate channel will not bend the gasket inwards and in this way open up a gap between the gasket and the surface to be blasted, but the gasket remains tight all the time.
  • the separate replace- ment air duct is arranged so that the air flowing in it will prevent grains from escaping the blasting head.
  • the air flow rate in the gap between the lower edge of the housing and the surface to be blasted is dimensioned such that static grains lying on the surface to be cleaned are entrained in the air flow. The static grains are thus sucked up from the surface to the inside of the blow-suction housing, and they cannot escape the blow-suction housing when the housing is moved across the grains.
  • the blow-suction housing according to the invention has the advantage that the negative pressure inside the housing is considerably lower than in solutions of prior art. This makes it easier to move the hous- ing.
  • the structure according to the invention is suitable for both small and large nozzles 6, or several nozzles.
  • the diameter of the blasting head according to the invention may vary according to the use. For example, measured at the gasket 20, the diameter may be 100 mm, or in large vacuum suction heads, for example, 250 mm.
  • the tightness of the blow-suction housing according to the invention is good even with a high rate of grain flow from the nozzle to the blow-suction housing.
  • the blow- suction housing according to the invention can be moved faster than housings of prior art across the surface 8, without leaving grit grains on the surface to be blasted.
  • the force needed to move the blow-suction housing is lower than the force needed to move housings of prior art, because the negative pressure within the housing is lower.
  • blow-suction housing according to the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to the solutions described above, but the details of implementing the invention may vary within the scope of the claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un boîtier de soufflage-aspiration pour un appareil de décapage par projection d'abrasif, qui comprend une enveloppe (7) présentant la forme d'un boîtier avec une extrémité ouverte, une buse de soufflage (6), une ouverture d'aspiration dans l'enveloppe du boîtier, et un tuyau d'aspiration (9) relié à l'ouverture. Un joint d'étanchéité (20) est fixé à l'enveloppe de manière à former un canal d'écoulement (18) entre l'enveloppe et le joint d'étanchéité. Le boîtier de soufflage-aspiration est conçu de manière à former, lorsqu'il est installé au-dessus d'une surface (8) à décaper, un espace (26) entre le bord inférieur (7a) de l'enveloppe et la surface à décaper. Une structure de canal (17) est fixée au-dessus du canal d'écoulement dans l'enveloppe du boîtier pour former un conduit d'air (17a), par l'intermédiaire duquel de l'air provenant de l'extérieur peut s'écouler vers le canal d'écoulement, dans le boîtier. Le débit d'air dans le conduit d'air et l'espace peut être amené à être si élevé, généralement de 40 à 50 m/s, que le sens de déplacement des particules volant vers l'extérieur se transforme en un mouvement dirigé vers l'intérieur dans le boîtier de soufflage-aspiration.
EP18790862.9A 2017-04-25 2018-04-25 Boîtier de soufflage-aspiration d'un appareil de décapage par projection d'abrasif Withdrawn EP3615272A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20170063A FI20170063A1 (fi) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Tiivis puhallus-imupää hiekkapuhalluslaitteeseen
PCT/FI2018/050298 WO2018197751A1 (fr) 2017-04-25 2018-04-25 Boîtier de soufflage-aspiration d'un appareil de décapage par projection d'abrasif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3615272A1 true EP3615272A1 (fr) 2020-03-04
EP3615272A4 EP3615272A4 (fr) 2021-01-13

Family

ID=63920156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18790862.9A Withdrawn EP3615272A4 (fr) 2017-04-25 2018-04-25 Boîtier de soufflage-aspiration d'un appareil de décapage par projection d'abrasif

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3615272A4 (fr)
FI (1) FI20170063A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018197751A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021023328A1 (fr) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 Mycon Gmbh Dispositif de protection enroulable pour buses à jet pour nettoyer des surfaces dans le but de réduire le bruit du jet de buse
CN114932507A (zh) * 2022-06-17 2022-08-23 常熟市建安玻璃钢制品有限公司 一种汽车外形覆盖件表面处理设备

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2455514A (en) * 1945-08-02 1948-12-07 William H Mead Surface treating method and apparatus
US2723498A (en) * 1953-04-09 1955-11-15 Hastrup Herman Abrasive blasting machine
US3186132A (en) * 1963-09-16 1965-06-01 Zero Mfg Company Surface treating apparatus and method
JPS5969262A (ja) * 1982-10-11 1984-04-19 Fukashi Uragami 研掃装置
EP0160353A1 (fr) * 1984-03-05 1985-11-06 Inventive Machine Corporation Dispositif de nettoyage à l'abrasif sous pression
US4993200A (en) * 1986-03-11 1991-02-19 Kawasaki Steel Techno-Research Corp Pollution free blaster system and blaster head therefor
GB2239412B (en) * 1987-04-03 1991-11-27 Williams N L Eng Ltd Methods of treating surfaces
US8801499B2 (en) * 2009-04-21 2014-08-12 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Blasting apparatus and method for blast processing
FR3010926B1 (fr) * 2013-09-20 2015-11-06 Jedo Technologies Procede de recuperation de dechets d'usinage par apport d'energie et machine d'usinage comportant un systeme de recuperation de dechets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2018197751A1 (fr) 2018-11-01
FI20170063A1 (fi) 2018-10-26
EP3615272A4 (fr) 2021-01-13

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