EP3619476B1 - Radiateur électrique chauffant et procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique chauffant - Google Patents

Radiateur électrique chauffant et procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique chauffant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3619476B1
EP3619476B1 EP18728231.4A EP18728231A EP3619476B1 EP 3619476 B1 EP3619476 B1 EP 3619476B1 EP 18728231 A EP18728231 A EP 18728231A EP 3619476 B1 EP3619476 B1 EP 3619476B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
power
control unit
supplied
energy
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EP18728231.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3619476A1 (fr
Inventor
Orlando NIBOLI
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Fondital SpA
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Fondital SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1096—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for electric heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0275—Heating of spaces, e.g. rooms, wardrobes
    • H05B1/0277—Electric radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/08—Electric heater
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating electric radiator (for heating building interiors) and to a method for controlling a heating electric radiator.
  • electric radiators for space heating have a metal body with heat exchange surfaces facing the space to be heated and an electric heating element (i.e. with an electrical supply) which, when supplied with electric power, heats up and in turn heats the heat exchange surfaces and/or a heating fluid circulating in a circuit inside the radiator and transferring heat to the heat exchange surfaces.
  • an electric heating element i.e. with an electrical supply
  • the heating element is typically a resistive heating element, controlled by a control unit, e.g. an electronic control board, connected to a user interface.
  • a control unit e.g. an electronic control board
  • the heating elements are normally available with preset thermal values but in different sizes.
  • the current market trend is having the same power with the smallest possible encumbrance.
  • the regulations in several countries require that radiators have preset maximum surface temperatures and do not cause any excessive overheating with respect to ambient temperature.
  • One way to avoid any unacceptable overheating is to provide the radiator with temperature regulation and control systems, e.g. a thermostat, which interrupts the electrical supply of the heating element when the surface temperature of the radiator reaches a preset threshold.
  • temperature regulation and control systems e.g. a thermostat
  • GB 2 101 773 A discloses a heating electric radiator according to the preamble of claim 1. Further examples of heating electric radiators which are controlled by temperature are US 2004/039487 A , US 2008/046129 A or EP2327939 A . Examples of controllers based in power supplied to heating elements are EP 1 350 647 A or JP 2010 091155 .
  • the present invention therefore relates to a heating electric radiator and to a method for controlling a heating electric radiator as defined in the enclosed claims 1 and 5, respectively, as well as, for their preferred additional features, in the dependent claims.
  • the control of the radiator temperature differential with respect to the environment is obtained by controlling the power/energy supplied to the resistive heating element.
  • the temperature difference i.e. the difference in temperature between the radiator and the surrounding space
  • the applied power/energy is a function of the applied power/energy.
  • the control unit of the electric radiator of the invention therefore integrates a power controller which limits, in particular by means of an on-off system, the time in which the heating element is on so as to never exceed a preset energy limit corresponding to an operating condition in which the temperature of the heat exchange surfaces is maintained within a preset threshold complying with the overheating regulations.
  • the control unit detects the power supplied to the heating element (directly or by detecting power-related electrical quantities and calculating the power based on these electrical quantities) and compares it to a preset threshold value, suitably calculated and verified so as to meet the operating requirements and regulations and to guarantee the maximum thermal power in the long term (thermal energy).
  • the control unit operates to keep the energy supplied to the heating element below the preset energy limit and if a detected power exceeds the threshold value, operates accordingly to interrupt or reduce the electrical supply to the heating element.
  • control unit interrupts or reduces the power supply to the heating element.
  • Figure 1 indicates as a whole with 1 an electric radiator for space heating.
  • the radiator 1 comprises a body 2, preferably made of a metal material and provided with an inner cavity 3 and outer heat exchange surfaces 4, facing in use the space to be heated; an electric power heating element 5 housed in the cavity 3; an electric power supply connection 6 connectable to an external power network; and a control unit 7 connected to the heating element 5 and to the power supply connection 6 for controlling the electrical supply of the heating element 5.
  • the heating element 5 is a substantially known electric power heating element, in particular a resistive heating element, consisting for example of an electrical resistance incorporated or embedded in a block of suitable material (mineral, stone, composite, refractory, metal material, etc.).
  • the control unit 7 comprises e.g. an electronic control card connected to a user interface 8.
  • the control unit 7 includes a power controller 9, configured to detect the power supplied to the heating element 5.
  • the control unit 7 is able to directly detect the power supplied to the heating element 5, or is configured to detect power-related electrical quantities and to calculate the power based on the detected electrical quantities. Power detection can take place continuously or at preset intervals.
  • the control unit 7 has a memory containing a preset power threshold value P lim , which is the power at which no overheating occurs, namely at which the radiator 1 operates according to its design specifications and in compliance with the regulations.
  • the threshold value can be given e.g. by the nominal electric power.
  • control unit 7 When the control unit 7 detects an electric power supplied to the heating element 5 greater than the preset threshold value P lim , the control unit 7 operates through the controller 9 to limit the energy supplied to the heating element 5.
  • control unit 7 operates by means of an on-off system to adjust the time in which the heating element 5 is on (i.e. the time in which the heating element 5 is supplied) so as to never exceed a preset energy limit E lim (also stored in the memory of the control unit 7), corresponding to an operating condition in which the temperature of the heat exchange surfaces is maintained within a preset limit complying with the overheating regulations.
  • E lim also stored in the memory of the control unit 7
  • the control unit 7 detects the power supplied to the heating element 5 (directly or by detecting power-related electrical quantities and calculating the power based on these electrical quantities) and compares it with the preset threshold value P lim , suitably calculated and verified so as to meet the operating requirements and regulations.
  • the control unit 7 then operates to keep the energy supplied to the heating element 5 below the corresponding energy limit E lim and, if a detected power exceeds the threshold value, operates accordingly to interrupt or reduce the electrical supply to the heating element 5.
  • control unit 7 interrupts or reduces the electrical supply to the heating element 5.
  • the control unit 7 starts again supplying the heating element 5 after a preset interval, or when the energy reaches a minimum value or falls below the threshold value. In other words, the control unit 7 controls the supply of the heating element 5 so that the energy supplied to the heating element 5 never exceeds the energy limit E lim and never falls below a minimum threshold.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically some possible operating conditions of the radiator 1.
  • Figure 2 is a graph representing the energy E supplied to the radiator 1 (specifically to the heating element 5) as a function of the time T.
  • E Ref is the energy supplied in the reference time T Ref ;
  • the preset energy limit E lim is the energy that, having been supplied to the radiator 1 in the reference time T Ref , allows maintaining the preset operating conditions with respect to the overheating of the heat exchange surfaces.
  • Line A represents the limit operating condition in which the detected power P (measured by the slope of line A in the energy/time graph) equals the threshold value P lim (in the non-limiting example of Figure 2 , corresponding to an energy equal to 95% of the energy limit E lim ).
  • Line B represents an operating condition in which the detected power (measured by the slope of line A in the energy/time graph) is lower than the threshold value P lim .
  • the control unit 7 detects a power lower than the threshold value P lim , the control unit 7 keeps supplying the heating element 5.
  • Line C represents an operating condition in which the detected power P is greater than the threshold value P lim .
  • the control unit 7 detects a power greater than the threshold value P lim , the control unit 7 stops supplying the heating element 5 for a preset time period, calculated so that the energy supplied during this period (i.e. power over time) is lower than the energy limit E lim .
  • the threshold power value P lim therefore serves to establish whether it is necessary to stop supplying the heating element 5.
  • the energy limit E lim is instead used to define the reduction of the energy supplied to the heating element 5. It is clear that it can also be used a threshold power value P lim corresponding to the same energy limit E lim so that the two thresholds coincide, as well as threshold values and energy limits corresponding to different percentages if compared to those given here by way of example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Radiateur électrique (1) de chauffage comprenant un corps (2) pourvu d'une cavité intérieure (3) et de surfaces d'échange de chaleur extérieures (4) ; un élément chauffant à alimentation électrique (5) logé dans la cavité (3) ; une connexion d'alimentation électrique (6) apte à être connectée à un réseau électrique externe ; et une unité de commande (7) connectée à la connexion d'alimentation électrique (6) et à l'élément chauffant (5) pour commander l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant (5) ; le radiateur (1) étant caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (7) comprend un régulateur de puissance (9), configuré pour détecter la puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) et fonctionner, lorsque le régulateur (9) détecte une puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) supérieure à une valeur seuil prédéfinie, pour limiter l'énergie fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) ; et l'unité de commande (7) fonctionne par l'intermédiaire d'un système on-off pour ajuster la durée pendant laquelle l'élément chauffant (5) est à l'état on et ne jamais dépasser une limite d'énergie (Elim) prédéfinie, correspondant à un état de fonctionnement dans lequel la température des surfaces d'échange de chaleur (4) est maintenue en-deçà d'un seuil prédéfini ; l'unité de commande (7) étant configurée pour commander l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant (5) de telle sorte que l'énergie fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) ne dépasse jamais la limite d'énergie (Elim) et ne chute jamais en dessous d'un seuil minimum.
  2. Radiateur électrique selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'élément chauffant (5) est un élément chauffant résistif.
  3. Radiateur électrique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'unité de commande (7) est configurée de manière à détecter directement la puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5), ou est configurée de manière à détecter des quantités électriques liées à la puissance et calculer la puissance en fonction des quantités électriques détectées.
  4. Radiateur électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de commande (7) est configurée pour : détecter la puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) ; comparer la puissance détectée à une valeur seuil prédéfinie ; fonctionner, si la puissance détectée dépasse la valeur seuil, pour interrompre ou réduire l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant (5).
  5. Procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique de chauffage, comprenant les étapes de : fourniture d'un courant à un élément chauffant (5) du radiateur (1) ; détection de la puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) et fonctionnement, quand la puissance détectée fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) dépasse une valeur seuil prédéfinie, pour limiter l'énergie fournie à l'élément chauffant (5), en ajustant la durée pendant laquelle l'élément chauffant (5) est à l'état on de manière à ne jamais dépasser une limite d'énergie (Elim) prédéfinie, correspondant à un état de fonctionnement dans lequel la température des surfaces d'échange de chaleur (4) est maintenue en-deçà d'un seuil prédéfini, et commande de l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant (5) de telle sorte que l'énergie fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) ne dépasse jamais la limite d'énergie (Elim) et ne chute jamais en dessous d'un seuil minimum.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, comprenant les étapes de : détection directe de la puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) ou détection de quantités électriques liées à la puissance et calcul de la puissance en fonction des quantités électriques détectées.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, comprenant les étapes de : détection de la puissance fournie à l'élément chauffant (5) ; comparaison de la puissance détectée à une valeur seuil prédéfinie ; fonctionnement, si la puissance détectée dépasse la valeur seuil prédéfinie, pour interrompre ou réduire l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant (5).
EP18728231.4A 2017-05-02 2018-05-02 Radiateur électrique chauffant et procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique chauffant Active EP3619476B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000047140A IT201700047140A1 (it) 2017-05-02 2017-05-02 Radiatore elettrico da riscaldamento e metodo di controllo di un radiatore elettrico da riscaldamento
PCT/IB2018/053045 WO2018203254A1 (fr) 2017-05-02 2018-05-02 Radiateur électrique chauffant et procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique chauffant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3619476A1 EP3619476A1 (fr) 2020-03-11
EP3619476B1 true EP3619476B1 (fr) 2021-04-21

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EP18728231.4A Active EP3619476B1 (fr) 2017-05-02 2018-05-02 Radiateur électrique chauffant et procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique chauffant

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EP (1) EP3619476B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT201700047140A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT3619476T (fr)
WO (1) WO2018203254A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111023257B (zh) * 2019-12-30 2021-08-20 国网北京市电力公司 电采暖设备的控制方法、装置、存储介质以及处理器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2101773B (en) * 1981-06-18 1985-02-06 Ti Domestic Appliances Limited Improvements in and relating to heaters
MXPA05002039A (es) * 2002-08-21 2005-06-17 Watlow Electric Mfg Sistema de control de wattaje variable.
US8423193B2 (en) * 2003-08-20 2013-04-16 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company Variable wattage control system
US8629378B2 (en) * 2008-09-09 2014-01-14 Kevin Lin Heating control device and method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Publication number Publication date
WO2018203254A1 (fr) 2018-11-08
IT201700047140A1 (it) 2018-11-02
EP3619476A1 (fr) 2020-03-11
PT3619476T (pt) 2021-06-01

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