EP3624154A1 - Motorvorrichtung für hochspannungsschaltvorrichtung - Google Patents

Motorvorrichtung für hochspannungsschaltvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3624154A1
EP3624154A1 EP17909561.7A EP17909561A EP3624154A1 EP 3624154 A1 EP3624154 A1 EP 3624154A1 EP 17909561 A EP17909561 A EP 17909561A EP 3624154 A1 EP3624154 A1 EP 3624154A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
voltage switchgear
signal
drive
brushless motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17909561.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3624154A4 (de
EP3624154B1 (de
Inventor
Zhijian ZHUANG
Congwen LU
Xin Zhang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
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ABB Schweiz AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3624154A1 publication Critical patent/EP3624154A1/de
Publication of EP3624154A4 publication Critical patent/EP3624154A4/de
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Publication of EP3624154B1 publication Critical patent/EP3624154B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/70—Power reset mechanisms actuated by electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of mechanical and electrical products, specifically to the technical field of high-voltage switchgear.
  • the present disclosure particularly relates to the technical field of motor equipment acting with a circuit breaker, which is used for operating the circuit breaker and a chassis cart thereof, and storing energy of a spring operating mechanism before operation and so on.
  • the current field of power switches which involves motor operations, usually uses conventional brush motors, such as DC permanent magnet motors or series-excited motors. Based on the technical characteristics of traditional motors, if it is necessary to control the motor, i.e., start, stop or forwardly or reversely rotate the motor, it is usually necessary to use auxiliary electronic and electrical devices, such as relays, rectifier bridges, position switches, and the like. With developing trend of intelligent power grid equipment, it is often necessary to add sensors and communication devices.
  • a typical intelligent circuit breaker structurally includes: a serially-excited motor, a decelerator and a clutch, an electrical limit switch, a Hall current sensor, a Hall voltage sensor and a communication device.
  • a typical intelligent remotely-operable circuit breaker structurally includes: a permanent magnet DC motor, a decelerator, a clutch, an electrical limit switch, a Hall current sensor, a Hall voltage sensor and a motor control and communication device.
  • the motor is a traditional permanent magnet DC or serially-excited motor, since it has a mechanical commutation carbon brush, it might have problems such as the service life of the carbon brush, electrical sparks and inflammability. Furthermore, the motor has problems such as excessive noise and low motor efficiency. If the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, such as in a permanent magnet DC motor, needs to be controlled, the control is achieved with a complex relay control loop to switch the positive and negative polarity of the input of the motor. The control device is complicated structurally and costly.
  • the present disclosure provides a motor device for a high-voltage switchgear, comprising a DC brushless motor, a drive and control device and a decelerator device;
  • the DC brushless motor includes a rotor and a stator; the rotor is sleeved in the stator and mounted in a motor housing; both ends of the rotor are respectively sleeved with a rolling bearing, and the bearing is sleeved on a motor drive shaft;
  • the drive and control device comprises a microprocessor, a semiconductor switch and a power supply module for supplying power to the microprocessor; the microprocessor controls the start, stop, and forward rotation and reverse rotation of the DC brushless motor via the semiconductor switch;
  • the decelerator comprises a gear transmission system composed of a plurality of mutually meshing gears as well as an output shaft, and the gear transmission system transmits motion of the motor drive shaft to the output shaft.
  • the motor device further includes a clutch for controlling coupling and decoupling of the DC brushless motor to and from a motor load.
  • the clutch includes a pin shaft; when the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear is fully stored with energy, the pin shaft disengages from a snap-fitting position with the gear transmission system of the decelerator, thereby causing the output shaft of the decelerator to disengage from transmission engagement with the clutch transmission system.
  • the motor device further includes a power supply cutoff device for cutting off the power supply to the DC brushless motor when the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear is fully stored with energy.
  • the clutch further includes an output cam sleeved on the output shaft and being rotatable along with the output shaft; the output cam is provided with an open notch; when the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear is fully stored with energy, and when the cam rotates to the open notch and aligns with a contact wheel of a microswitch, the contact wheel of the microswitch disengages from the output cam at the position of the open notch, thereby cutting off the power supply to the DC brushless motor.
  • the motor device further includes a motor input signal controller for inputting a start signal, a stop signal, a forward rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal to the DC brushless motor.
  • the motor input signal controller is connected to an external power supply to supply power to the drive and control device; the drive and control device generates a motor control signal of the DC brushless motor based on an external command signal input by the motor input signal controller, and based on a position signal for the circuit breaker, the opened/closed state information for the circuit breaker and an opening/closing signal for a ground knife switch.
  • the drive and control device further includes a communication module for transmitting parameters of the DC brushless motor to an upper-layer receiving unit.
  • the communication module transmits the parameters of the DC brushless motor by serial communication or controller LAN bus communication.
  • the drive and control device includes a power supply module adapted to transform a 24V-250V AC and provide a low voltage DC power supply
  • the drive and control device includes a control module for controlling the semiconductor switch to cut off the power supply to the DC brushless motor when the DC brushless motor is overloaded.
  • the drive and control device includes a monitoring module configured to detect an external command signal input by the motor input signal controller and a position signal for the circuit breaker, the opened/closed state signal for the circuit breaker and a opening/closing signal for the ground knife switch.
  • the monitoring module constantly scans the opening/closing signal for the knife switch and the opening/closing signal for the circuit breaker during the operation of the motor device of the high-voltage switchgear.
  • the control module immediately stops the motor and locks the signal, thereby locking the system.
  • the microprocessor judges whether conditions for executing the external command signal action are satisfied; if the conditions are satisfied, the motor executes the corresponding external command signal; if any condition is not satisfied, the motor does not execute the external command signal.
  • the drive and control device stops the DC brushless motor and the system is locked; if a rotation angle of the DC brushless motor is not varied within a specified period of time, the drive and control device stops the DC brushless motor and the system is blocked; after the signal is locked, the system is in the locked state, and the motor device cannot continue to run and start before being manually unlocked or before being powered on again.
  • the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear not only can integrate the drive control and communication module with the body of the motor, but also employs electronic commutation without open flames.
  • the DC brushless motor has a long lifetime and can usually run continuously for more than 5,000 hours. At the same time, the efficiency of the DC brushless motor is very high, usually up to 70%, whereas the traditional motor can only reach 30%-50%.
  • the DC brushless motor has very low vibration and noise and can achieve smooth operation. In terms of speed regulation, the DC brushless motor has natural advantages: the speed may be regulated via voltage as well as frequency.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural exploded view showing a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear being applied to an electric chassis cart according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the motor device of the high-voltage switchgear includes a DC brushless motor 20, a drive and control unit 30 and a decelerator device 40.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a DC brushless motor of a motor device for a high-voltage switchgear.
  • the DC brushless motor 20 includes a rotor 202 and a stator 203.
  • the rotor 202 is sleeved in the stator 203 and mounted in a motor housing 201. Both ends of the rotor 202 are respectively sleeved with a rolling bearing 204, and the bearing 204 is sleeved on a motor drive shaft 208.
  • An end cover 206 is used to secure the drive and control device 30.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram showing a drive and control device of a motor device for a high-voltage switchgear for use in an electric chassis cart.
  • the drive and control device 30 includes a microprocessor 301, a semiconductor switch 302, and a power supply module 303 for supplying power to the microprocessor 301.
  • the microprocessor 301 controls the start, stop, forward rotation and reverse rotation of the DC brushless motor 20 through the semiconductor switch 302.
  • the semiconductor switch here is a series of semiconductor switches, and one semiconductor switch is illustrated in the figure as an example only.
  • Power supply is the basis for the reliable operation of intelligent modules. Power supply must meet the EMC requirements such as surge, fast transient, radiated electromagnetic field, etc. At the same time, power supply should fully consider different voltage levels, AC and DC conditions, to meet the use under different operating conditions.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a decelerator device of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear for use in an electric chassis cart.
  • the decelerator 40 includes a gear transmission system 401 comprised of a plurality of intermeshing gears, and an output shaft 402.
  • the gear transmission system 401 transmits motion of the motor drive shaft 208 to the output shaft 402.
  • the decelerator end cover 407 has an internal gear and a fixed frame; the gear transmission system 401 is a differential planetary gear train with a three-stage planetary gear transmission stroke, and finally transmits a rotation speed and torque required to the output shaft 402.
  • a cam 403 is mated to the output shaft 402 and is rotatable with the rotation of the output shaft 402.
  • the output shaft 402 has a key groove and a flat key 408 as a mechanical interface for the next stage of transmission.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of input ports of a motor input signal controller of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear for use in an electric chassis cart according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein ports 3-5 are for transmitting command signals, ports 6-10 are for transmitting position signals.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of any path of ports 3-10.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a drive and control device of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear for use in an electric chassis cart.
  • SK is a passive mechanical contact for a position signal and an operation command. When the position signal changes or the operation command is applied, SK is closed or opened.
  • U1 is an optocoupler, and functions to isolate strong electricity from weak electricity, and at the same time, converts a voltage signal of the strong electricity into a weak electricity level signal recognizable by the microcontroller;
  • R1 is a current limiting resistor, and provides a turn-on current of about 1mA to the optocoupler when the SK is closed, so a value of R1 should be determined according to a rated voltage of the DC;
  • C1 and R1 form an RC filter circuit, which can filter out an SK jitter or a differential mode interference signal received on an input conductor wire;
  • D1 functions to protect a diode inside the optocoupler.
  • the circuit logic table is shown in the following table: wherein 1 indicates that the position or command signal is valid, 0 indicates that the position or command signal is invalid, and X indicates no requirement.
  • FIG. 7 is a logical block diagram in which a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear for use in an electric chassis cart judges how the motor operates according to an input external command signal and a collected position signal for the circuit breaker, a opened/closed state signal for the circuit breaker and an opening/closing signal for the ground knife according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the system initialization and overvoltage detection are first performed. If the overvoltage is detected and exceeds a certain threshold, the system is in a locked state. Before the unlocking, the motor cannot start normally whatever conditions are satisfied; if the system overvoltage detection passes, the motor is in a standby state, and it is detected in real time whether there is an external command signal input.
  • the motor After the motor is started, during the movement (before reaching a corresponding stop position), the motor still constantly scans its condition signal (the ground knife switch opening signal and the circuit breaker opening signal). So long as one of the conditions is not satisfied, the motor will stop immediately and the signal is locked; when the signal is locked, the system is in a locked state, and no matter what conditions are met before manual unlocking, the motor cannot continue to operate and start normally;
  • condition signal the ground knife switch opening signal and the circuit breaker opening signal
  • a reset signal is an unlocking signal; after the motor starts, when the motor reaches a corresponding position, namely, the signal conditions satisfy the normal in-position stop, the motor stops and continues to wait for the next command.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear serving as an energy storage motor of a spring operating mechanism according to a further preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear includes a DC brushless motor 20, a drive and control device 30, and a decelerator gear 40.
  • the DC brushless motor 20 and the drive and control device 30 are not shown in the figure, and their specific structures may be found from the aforesaid preferred embodiment of the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear for use in an electric chassis cart.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of overall transmission of a decelerator device of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear serving as an energy storage motor of a spring operating mechanism according to this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the energy storage motor employs four-stage transmission, wherein the first stage is through engagement of a worm gear and a worm, and the rotation of the output shaft 208 of the motor is transmitted to a gear transmission system 402; according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, the transmission ratio R1 of the worm gear to the worm in the first stage is 40; at the second stage, the transmission ratio R2 of deceleration transmission is 3.3; at the third stage, the transmission ratio R3 of deceleration transmission is 4; at the fourth stage, the transmission ratio R4 of deceleration transmission is 4.23.
  • the deceleration at the second to fourth stages is standard spur gear engagement.
  • the desired rotation speed and torque are transmitted via the output shaft to a corresponding load, namely, a spring operating mechanism.
  • FIGS. 10A-10B are structural schematic diagrams of a decelerator device of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear serving as an energy storage motor according to this preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein FIG. 10A is a perspective view, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view;
  • the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear further includes a clutch 50 for controlling the coupling and decoupling of the DC brushless motor 20 and the motor load.
  • the motor load may vary depending on different application situations.
  • the motor load is a circuit breaker chassis cart in the first preferred embodiment.
  • the motor load is a spring operating mechanism.
  • FIG. 10A further shows a position where the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear is not fully stored with energy.
  • the motor drive shaft 208 of the DC brushless motor transmits via the gear drive system 401, and the final output is the output shaft 402.
  • the output shaft 402 rotates less than 360° every time the energy storage device performs an operation.
  • the force and torque are transmitted to the output shaft 402 by the cooperation of a pin shaft 502 with an output wheel 406 and then through the output wheel.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing structures and state switching of a clutch device of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear serving as an energy storage motor according to this preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the clutch 50 includes a pin shaft 502 and a compression spring 5023.
  • the output shaft 402 cannot continue to rotate because the load of the motor device is fully stored with energy; if the motor 20 drives the output wheel 406 to rotate due to inertia or since it is powered off simultaneously, the pin shaft 502 slides along an inner arcuate slot 409.
  • the arcuate slot 409 snap-fits the pin shaft 502 into a pin shaft catching slot 4061 on the output wheel 406 and compresses the spring 5023.
  • the pin shaft 502 breaks away from the position where the pin shaft 502 snap-fits with the gear transmission system 401 of the decelerator 40, so that the output shaft 402 of the decelerator 40 breaks away from the transmission engagement with the clutch transmission system 401.
  • the transmission of the DC brushless motor is no longer transmitted to the output shaft 402.
  • the pin shaft 502 When the motor 20 is started again to perform the next energy storage operation, the pin shaft 502 will gradually reset along the inner arc groove 409 under the action of the spring 5023 as the output wheel 406 rotates, until the pin shaft 502 re-snap-fits into the arcuate slot 409, and further drives the output shaft 402 to transmit the corresponding force and torque.
  • the motor device of the circuit breaker further includes a power cutoff device for cutting off the power supply to the DC brushless motor 20 when the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear is fully stored with energy.
  • FIGS. 12A-12B are comparative schematic diagrams of a clutch device of a motor device of a high-voltage switchgear serving as an energy storage motor before and after the motor is fully stored with energy according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of normal operation of the motor before the motor is fully stored with energy.
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram showing the power supply to the motor being cut off after the motor is fully stored with energy.
  • the clutch 50 includes an output cam 503 that fits over the output shaft 402 and rotates with the output shaft 402.
  • the output cam 503 is provided with an open notch 5031.
  • the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear further includes a motor input signal controller 60 for inputting a start signal, a stop signal, a forward rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal to the DC brushless motor 20.
  • the motor input signal controller 60 is connected to an external power supply to supply power to the drive and control device 30; the drive and control device 30 generates the motor control signal of the DC brushless motor 20 based on an external command signal input by the motor input signal controller 60, and based on the position signal for the circuit breaker, the opened/closed state information for the circuit breaker and the opening/closing signal for the ground knife switch.
  • the drive and control device 30 further includes a communication module 305 for transmitting parameters of the DC brushless motor 20 to an upper-layer receiving unit.
  • the communication module 305 transmits the parameters of the DC brushless motor 20 by serial communication or controller LAN bus communication.
  • the communication module 305 adopts a galvanic isolated RS485 mode or CAN field bus mode at the physical layer, and the communication protocol supports Modbus to transmit motor operation data and curves.
  • the drive and control device 30 further includes a power supply module 303 adapted to transform a 24V-250V AC and provide a low voltage DC power supply.
  • the drive and control device 30 further includes a control module 307 for controlling the semiconductor switch 302 to cut off the power supply to the DC brushless motor 20 when the DC brushless motor 20 is overloaded.
  • a monitoring module 308 is configured to detect the external command signal input by the motor input signal controller 60 and the position signal for the circuit breaker, the opened/closed state signal for the circuit breaker and the opening/closing signal for the ground knife switch.
  • the monitoring module 308 constantly scans the opening/closing signal for the ground knife switch and the opening/closing signal for the circuit breaker during the operation of the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear.
  • the control module 307 When either of the knife switch and the circuit breaker is not in the open state, the control module 307 immediately stops the motor and locks the signal, thereby locking the system.
  • the monitoring module 308 detects the external command signal input by the motor input signal controller 60, the handcart is pushed in or pushed out, and the microprocessor 301 judges whether conditions for executing the external command signal action are satisfied. If the conditions are satisfied, the motor executes the corresponding external command signal; if any of the conditions is not satisfied, the motor does not execute the external command signal.
  • the control module 307 employs an MCU with strong anti-interference performance and a control current to perform closed-loop motor control.
  • the command given by the user is that the handcart is pushed in, at this time it is detected whether the circuit breaker is opened, whether the knife switch is opened and whether the circuit breaker is at a service position. If the three conditions are satisfied at the same time, the motor performs the operation of pushing in the handcart. Otherwise, if any of the conditions is not satisfied, the motor will not perform the operation.
  • the command given by the user is that the handcart is pulled out, at this time it is detected whether the circuit breaker is opened, whether the knife switch is opened and whether the circuit breaker is at a test position. If the three conditions are satisfied at the same time, the motor performs the operation of pulling out the handcart. Otherwise, if any of the conditions is not satisfied, the motor will not perform the operation
  • the monitoring module 308 also constantly monitors the operating state of the DC brushless motor during operation of the motor. If the current of the DC brushless motor exceeds a specified threshold, e.g., the motor operates at a 24V DC and the current exceeds 2.5A, the drive and control device 30 stops the motor and the system is locked.
  • a specified threshold e.g., the motor operates at a 24V DC and the current exceeds 2.5A
  • the drive and control device 30 stops the motor and the system is locked.
  • a specified threshold e.g., the motor operates at a 24V DC and the current exceeds 2.5A
  • the drive and control device 30 stops the motor and the system is locked.
  • a specified threshold e.g., the motor operates at a 24V DC and the current exceeds 2.5A
  • the drive and control device 30 stops the motor and the system is locked.
  • the system After the signal is locked, the system is in the locked state, and it cannot continue to run and start before being manually unlocked or before being powered on again. At this time, the motor cannot operate regardless of pressing operation buttons such as a push-in button and a push-out button.
  • the motor device of the present disclosure is free from the complexity of the traditional motor intelligent system.
  • the motor device not only can integrate the drive control and communication module with the body of the motor, but also employs electronic commutation without open flames.
  • the DC brushless motor has a long lifetime and can usually run continuously for more than 5,000 hours. At the same time, the efficiency of the DC brushless motor is very high, usually up to 70%, whereas the traditional motor can only reach 30%-50%.
  • the DC brushless motor has very low vibration and noise and can achieve smooth operation.
  • the DC brushless motor has natural advantages: the speed may be regulated via voltage as well as frequency.
  • the motor for the intelligent circuit breaker based on the DC brushless motor not only naturally inherits various advantages of the brushless motor, but also has a simple and compact structure, is easy to maintain, and greatly reduces the costs of the whole system while improving the reliability of the overall system, as compared with the motor intelligent system used in the conventional breaker.
  • the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear provided by the present disclosure first introduces a DC brushless motor, and secondly, employs an integrated drive and control device, and integrates various functions such as driving, protection, communication, power supply control and power supply. Furthermore, the motor device for the high-voltage switchgear provided by the present disclosure has a decelerator device which is novel and reasonable in design and simple in structure.
  • the design of the clutch is also different from a conventional one, it may not only control engagement and disengagement of the drive of the DC brushless motor, but also have a load. When the motor device is fully stored with energy, it may automatically disengage from the transmission system.
  • the further optimized design of the clutch may also enable automatic cutoff of the power supply of the DC brushless motor as needed.

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EP17909561.7A 2017-05-08 2017-05-08 Motorvorrichtung für hochspannungsschaltvorrichtung Active EP3624154B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2017/083483 WO2018205101A1 (zh) 2017-05-08 2017-05-08 高压开关设备的电机装置

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EP3624154A1 true EP3624154A1 (de) 2020-03-18
EP3624154A4 EP3624154A4 (de) 2020-11-25
EP3624154B1 EP3624154B1 (de) 2024-07-31

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CN106340410B (zh) * 2016-08-16 2018-08-17 厦门宏发电力电器有限公司 一种能够实现触点快速闭合的电机继电器

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CN110574133A (zh) 2019-12-13

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