EP3628631B1 - Procédé de détection de l'état des moyens porteurs - Google Patents

Procédé de détection de l'état des moyens porteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3628631B1
EP3628631B1 EP19186191.3A EP19186191A EP3628631B1 EP 3628631 B1 EP3628631 B1 EP 3628631B1 EP 19186191 A EP19186191 A EP 19186191A EP 3628631 B1 EP3628631 B1 EP 3628631B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suspension means
counterweight
suspension
initial
cage
Prior art date
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EP19186191.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3628631A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubert Göser
Jan-Henning Quass
Sebastian JIRAUSCHEK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ContiTech Antriebssysteme GmbH
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ContiTech Antriebssysteme GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
    • B66B7/1207—Checking means
    • B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting the state of wear of suspension elements made of elastomeric material within a suspension or elevator system, which has a car or a suspension device which is connected to a suspension element running over deflection or drive rollers with a counterweight, the suspension elements being in have tension members or reinforcement elements embedded in their longitudinal direction in the belt body, preferably designed as twisted or laid cords, with selected physical properties of the suspension element being determined and stored as initial values after a run-in phase of the suspension or elevator system, and subsequently corresponding physical properties periodically or permanently during operation Properties of the suspension means as current values in relation to the initial values and given a warning signal or to the Au if predetermined threshold values for the differences between initial values and current values are exceeded replacement of the load-bearing equipment is requested.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • the suspension elements in the cabins are subject to strict regulations with regard to their operational safety and tensile strength.
  • the tensile strength can be reduced over the course of the service life of an elevator due to settlement, material wear or signs of fatigue within the suspension element.
  • Appropriate regulations are specified for this in testing standards. Elevator systems are carefully checked by the relevant testing organizations for compliance with these regulations and statutory provisions.
  • suspension means discussed here are those that are made of elastomeric material and have embedded tension members or reinforcement elements, ie, for example, carrying straps or carrying straps shaped in a special way.
  • the reaching of the discard state with the steel cables still frequently used in the prior art for elevators is determined, among other things, by a visual check.
  • the state of the tensile strength can be assessed by visually checking the individual strands for breaks or by measuring the diameter of a steel cable that is changing. Such methods are included in the standardization and therefore belong to the state of the art.
  • the optical integrity of the suspension means must first be checked and ensured.
  • the strength of metallic tensile elements inside the plastic or rubber matrix can, for. B. done by resistance measurement.
  • the individual tension members are electrically connected to one another.
  • the U.S. 2004/0046540 A1 discloses a method in which wear of a rope or a rope/suspension means containing elevator belt with a plurality of ferromagnetic strands or cords can be checked in that the Changes in the magnetic field strength or changes in the magnetic flux can be detected.
  • a check during operation has the disadvantage that relatively complicated devices and apparatus have to be used for magnetization or for determining the change in field strength.
  • the EP 0 845 672 A1 also discloses a magnetic testing method during operation, which allows testing of the magnetic properties of a magnetizable elongated object, such as an elevator belt, with Hall sensors determining any changes in the diameter of the tension members based on the changes in the magnetic properties.
  • This device also requires a relatively high structural and sensitive equipment effort.
  • the application is also limited to suspension means with ropes/cords made of magnetizable or electromagnetically influenceable materials as tension members.
  • the JP 2001192183 A discloses an elevator provided with means capable of detecting deterioration of a suspension rope.
  • the elevator provided with a plurality of parallel suspension ropes is provided with a means for detecting the position of a car and a counterweight in a shaft, which determines using another means for calculating an increase in the amount of elongation of each synthetic fiber rope.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide a method with which a reliable determination of the state of wear of tension or suspension belts in the form of suspension elements reinforced with tension members, in particular of elevator belts, is possible and which only requires relatively little equipment/construction effort for the associated devices included.
  • the length and the elastic expansion of the suspension element during a defined lifting process during operation are determined and stored as initial values.
  • the current values of the length of the suspension element and the elastic expansion of the suspension element are then periodically or permanently related to the initial values, with the positions of both the car and the counterweight within the elevator system or in the elevator shaft being determined via position measuring devices and, from this, both the initial Length L start and the current length L current of the suspension element and the different initial travel distances S K of the car and the counterweight SG resulting from elastic stretching of the suspension element can be determined.
  • run-in new condition means that condition of the suspension or elevator system and the traction device/pulling belt that has arisen after a series of several hundred load cycles due to settlement and running-in of the system.
  • a one-off upward or downward stroke is to be understood here as a load cycle.
  • the tension belt i.e. the suspension element
  • the connection between the strength members or tension members and the polymer or rubber matrix and the entry into the deflection and drive rollers has taken place to such an extent that significant changes in condition only develop after much longer periods of time.
  • the change in length of the suspension means serves as an indicator of aging or the reduction in load-bearing capacity or tensile strength and reaching the point of discard.
  • this method can be used to determine the position of the discarded area.
  • no time-consuming "magnetization" or tension in the suspension element is required.
  • the geometric change in the individual tension members/tension elements is caused, for example, by the friction/wear of the filaments that are laid/twisted together, i.e. by the movement of the individual filaments relative to one another during operation, i.e. by the fretting already mentioned, a change in shape and the position of the individual filaments and strands of a tension member. This creates a change in diameter within the tension members and thus also an elongation of the suspension element or pull strap that can be detected.
  • the change in length is therefore a measure of the change in the tensile strain behavior of the suspension element, ie for the aging of the suspension element.
  • a specific number of load cycles or a specific operating time can also be specified, after which the ratio of the originally measured length and the then existing corresponding length of the suspension element is measured.
  • Another indicator of the discard state is the change in the initial ratio of the travel distances of car S K and counterweight SG over time, ie the time-dependent change in S K /SG.
  • the relationship between the travel distances/lifting distances S K-start / S G-start that initially develops is considered and assessed in relation to the current ratio of the travel distances of the car and counterweight S K-a discourse / S G-a narrative during operation.
  • Cabin and counterweight are moved by the same suspension element, which is guided between these two elements via several deflection rollers / drive rollers. Cabin and counterweight thus “hang” from one end of the same suspension element or elevator belt/elevator belt.
  • the elastic stretching of the suspension means that the travel distances, ie the lifting or lowering movements of the cabin and counterweight are slightly different during lifting processes. The ratio of these two travel distances can therefore serve as a measure of the elastic stretching of the suspension element, especially when accelerating from the idle state, such as when starting off.
  • This also changes the ratio of the travel distances of the cabin and counterweight S K / SG in the course of operation.
  • This change can be determined using the method according to the invention and can be assessed using specified values/threshold values. When a certain threshold value is exceeded, the discard state is reached.
  • An advantageous further development consists in the fact that the initial and the current values of the lengths and the elastic elongation of the suspension element are determined and calculated for a given, defined, identical state of the suspension or elevator system. With such an embodiment of the method, one obtains a very good comparability of the position measurements and a high level of information accuracy about the differences.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the positions of both the car and the counterweight are recorded and stored temporarily or permanently. With such a procedure, over time, very exact load spectra are created, which result in the further operation of the elevator system extraordinarily accurate predictions about the discard maturity.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method is that a percentage frequency of certain identical or similar lifting processes is determined and correlated with the differences determined and/or predetermined threshold values.
  • the maximum change in length in the corresponding areas is compared with a determined and stored limit value and a decision is made as to whether it is time to discard.
  • An elevator system is particularly suitable for carrying out the method, with a car or support device which is connected to a support means running over deflection or drive rollers with a counterweight, the support means having reinforcement elements or strength members embedded in the support means body in its longitudinal direction, the elevator system has at least one separate position measuring device for the positions of the cabin and/or counterweight.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the elevator system is that it has at least one separate position measuring device, for example within an elevator shaft, preferably in the form of measuring cables or measuring belts guided over deflection rollers, with an incremental encoder being provided in at least one of the deflection rollers of the position measuring device and Cabin and/or counterweight are articulated on the measuring ropes or measuring belts via drivers.
  • position measuring device for example within an elevator shaft, preferably in the form of measuring cables or measuring belts guided over deflection rollers, with an incremental encoder being provided in at least one of the deflection rollers of the position measuring device and Cabin and/or counterweight are articulated on the measuring ropes or measuring belts via drivers.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the elevator system is that a separate position measuring device is provided for the positions of either the car or the counterweight, with an incremental rotary encoder in one of the Deflection rollers of the support means is provided. This simplifies the design of the elevator system, since no "duplicate" separate position measuring devices for the car and counterweight are required.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic representation of a suspension element 1 which is provided with tension members or reinforcement members 2 running in the longitudinal direction.
  • tension members or reinforcement members 2 running in the longitudinal direction.
  • Each of these reinforcements consists of beaten filaments 20, such as metal, as detailed in the figure 2 are shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows the geometric change of a reinforcement 2 made of twisted/laid metallic filaments 20 within a suspension element over time.
  • the geometric change in the individual reinforcements arises, for example, from the fact that friction/wear of the filaments 20 that are beaten/twisted together, as shown in the left-hand part of FIG figure 2 are shown in their original position, can be changed in their shape and position by the movement of the individual filaments relative to one another during operation and the resulting "fretting".
  • FIG 3 1 schematically shows an elevator system 10 according to the invention that is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the elevator system also has two separate position measuring devices 7, 8 inside the elevator shaft, which is not shown in detail here.
  • a measuring cable 11 guided over deflection rollers 9 is provided in each of the position measuring devices 7, 8, a measuring cable 11 guided over deflection rollers 9 is provided.
  • the lower deflection pulleys are below the floor of the elevator shaft and are not shown in detail here.
  • the deflection rollers 9 of the position measuring devices 7, 8 are equipped with a known incremental rotary encoder that is not shown in detail here and, depending on the design, can detect minimal rotary movements and thus lifting movements of the cabin 3 or counterweight 6.
  • the cabin and/or counterweight are articulated on the measuring cables 11 via drivers 12 .
  • This is a so-called shaft copying, which is known as such in the technical field, but has hitherto been used purely for height measurements or controls of the lifting movement and not in duplicate and within the method according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé permettant de détecter l'état d'usure de moyens porteurs (1) en matériau élastomère à l'intérieur d'un système porteur ou système d'ascenseur (10) qui présente une cabine (3) ou un dispositif porteur qui est relié(e) à un moyen porteur (1) pourvu d'un contrepoids (6) et passant par des poulies de renvoi ou d'entraînement (4, 5), le moyen porteur présentant des renforts (2) ou des éléments de renforcement incorporés dans le corps de moyen porteur dans sa direction longitudinale, de préférence réalisés sous forme d'une corde torsadée ou câblée en filaments (20), dans lequel, après une phase de mise en marche du système porteur ou système d'ascenseur, des propriétés physiques sélectionnées du moyen porteur (1) sont déterminées et mémorisées sous forme de valeurs initiales, et par la suite, pendant le fonctionnement, des propriétés physiques correspondantes du moyen porteur (1) sous forme de valeurs actuelles sont mises en relation de façon périodique ou permanente avec les valeurs initiales, et en cas de dépassement de valeurs seuils prédéfinies pour les différences entre les valeurs initiales et les valeurs actuelles, un signal d'alarme est sorti ou le remplacement du moyen porteur (1) est demandé,
    caractérisé en ce que comme valeurs initiales, la longueur du moyen porteur (1) et l'allongement élastique du moyen porteur sont déterminés et mémorisés lors d'un processus de levage défini en cours de fonctionnement, et par la suite, les valeurs respectivement actuelles de la longueur du moyen porteur et de l'allongement élastique du moyen porteur sont mises en relation avec les valeurs initiales, dans lequel des dispositifs de mesure de position (7, 8) déterminent les positions à la fois de la cabine (3) et du contrepoids (6) à l'intérieur du système d'ascenseur (10) ou dans la cage d'ascenseur, et à partir de celles-ci, à la fois la longueur initiale LAnfang et la longueur actuelle LAktuell du moyen porteur (1) et les différentes courses initiales SK et SG de la cabine (3) et du contrepoids (6), dues à l'allongement élastique du moyen porteur, sont déterminées, dans lequel, comme différences, la variation de longueur du moyen porteur ΔL = LAnfang - LAktuell et la variation du rapport initial des courses de la cabine et du contrepoids SK-Anfang / SG-Anfang sont mises en relation avec le rapport actuel des courses de la cabine et du contrepoids SK-aktuell / SG-aktuell, et à partir de celles-ci, la variation de l'allongement élastique du moyen porteur (1) est calculée ou déterminée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les valeurs initiales et les valeurs actuelles de la longueur et de l'allongement élastique du moyen porteur (1) sont déterminées et calculées dans un état identique défini, spécifié, du système porteur ou système d'ascenseur (10).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel les valeurs initiales et les valeurs actuelles de l'allongement élastique du moyen porteur (1) sont déterminées et calculées lors d'un processus de levage défini du système porteur ou système d'ascenseur (10).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel un enregistrement et une mémorisation temporaires ou continus des positions à la fois de la cabine (3) et du contrepoids (6) sont effectués.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel une fréquence en pourcentage de certains processus de levage identiques ou similaires est déterminée et mise en corrélation avec les différences déterminées et/ou les valeurs seuils spécifiées.
  6. Système d'ascenseur permettant d'exécuter le procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5, comprenant une cabine (3) ou un dispositif porteur qui est relié(e) à un moyen porteur (1) pourvu d'un contrepoids (6) et passant par des poulies de renvoi ou d'entraînement (4, 5), le moyen porteur présentant des renforts (2) ou des éléments de renforcement incorporés dans le corps de moyen porteur dans sa direction longitudinale, le système d'ascenseur (10) présentant au moins un dispositif de mesure de position séparé (7, 8) pour les positions de la cabine et/ou du contrepoids.
  7. Système d'ascenseur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le système d'ascenseur (10) présente à l'intérieur d'une cage d'ascenseur au moins un dispositif de mesure de position séparé (7, 8) sous la forme de câbles de mesure (11) ou de sangles de mesure guidé(e)s sur des poulies de renvoi (9), un codeur rotatif incrémental étant prévu dans au moins l'une des poulies de renvoi (9) du dispositif de mesure de position, et la cabine (3) et/ou le contrepoids (6) étant articulés au niveau des câbles de mesure (9) ou des sangles de mesure par le biais de taquets (12, 13).
  8. Système d'ascenseur selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel un dispositif de mesure de position séparé (7, 8) est prévu pour les positions soit de la cabine (3) soit du contrepoids, et pour la détermination de la position de l'autre partie respectivement (cabine ou contrepoids), un codeur rotatif incrémental est prévu dans l'une des poulies de renvoi ou des poulies d'entraînement du moyen porteur.
EP19186191.3A 2018-08-28 2019-07-15 Procédé de détection de l'état des moyens porteurs Active EP3628631B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018214511.3A DE102018214511A1 (de) 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 Verfahren zur Detektion des Zustands von Tragmitteln

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EP3628631A1 EP3628631A1 (fr) 2020-04-01
EP3628631B1 true EP3628631B1 (fr) 2022-04-27

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5804964A (en) 1996-11-29 1998-09-08 Noranda Inc. Wire rope damage index monitoring device
US6633159B1 (en) 1999-03-29 2003-10-14 Otis Elevator Company Method and apparatus for magnetic detection of degradation of jacketed elevator rope
JP2001192183A (ja) * 2000-01-07 2001-07-17 Hitachi Ltd 合成繊維ロープの劣化状態判別方法およびエレベータ
ES2404854T3 (es) * 2008-07-18 2013-05-29 Inventio Ag Pocedimiento y dispositivo para la determinación de la necesidad de reemplazo por desgaste de un medio de tracción de un ascensor
DE102012104206A1 (de) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 K-Solutions Gmbh Aufzugsanlage mit einem Schachtkopiersystem

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EP3628631A1 (fr) 2020-04-01

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