EP3640964B1 - Mechanische schaltvorrichtung für einen gleichstromschutzschalter und gleichstromschutzschalter mit der mechanischen schaltvorrichtung - Google Patents

Mechanische schaltvorrichtung für einen gleichstromschutzschalter und gleichstromschutzschalter mit der mechanischen schaltvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3640964B1
EP3640964B1 EP18817267.0A EP18817267A EP3640964B1 EP 3640964 B1 EP3640964 B1 EP 3640964B1 EP 18817267 A EP18817267 A EP 18817267A EP 3640964 B1 EP3640964 B1 EP 3640964B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
mechanical
switching part
mechanical switching
unitary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP18817267.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3640964A1 (de
EP3640964A4 (de
Inventor
Kazuhisa Kanaya
Yoshiaki Ohda
Takahiro Ishiguro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Energy Systems and Solutions Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Energy Systems and Solutions Corp
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Publication of EP3640964A1 publication Critical patent/EP3640964A1/de
Publication of EP3640964A4 publication Critical patent/EP3640964A4/de
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Publication of EP3640964B1 publication Critical patent/EP3640964B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle for interrupting DC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/544—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being an insulated gate bipolar transistor, e.g. IGBT, Darlington configuration of FET and bipolar transistor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mechanical switching device for a direct-current circuit breaker, and a direct-current circuit breaker.
  • Direct-current power transmission has higher power transmission efficiency than alternating-current power transmission.
  • the introduction costs of equipment for direct-current power transmission is higher than that for alternating-current transmission.
  • direct-current power transmission generally has lower costs when this is evaluated by adding operating costs to the equipment costs. Therefore, direct-current power transmission is used, for example, for power transmission between two bases across the sea.
  • a device capable of rapidly isolating a point at which an accident has occurred from a healthy system is required when an accident occurs in the power transmission network.
  • a mechanical contact type circuit breaker is used in an alternating current system.
  • a mechanical contact type circuit breaker opens contacts at a current zero point generated by an alternating current and interrupts a fault current by blowing an insulating medium with an arc current between the contacts.
  • a current zero point does not occur in a fault current, it is thought that it would be difficult to quickly interrupt a fault current in a conventional mechanical contact type circuit breaker.
  • a semiconductor circuit breaker using a plurality of semiconductor elements having a self-extinguishing capability such as insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs)
  • IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
  • the conduction loss at the time of steady energization is only the conduction loss in the auxiliary semiconductor circuit breaker, the conduction loss can be reduced as compared with a constitution in which the steady current conduction path is only in the semiconductor circuit breaker which can interrupt a direct current alone as described above.
  • the hybrid circuit breaker since the conduction loss in the auxiliary semiconductor circuit breaker still occurs, the hybrid circuit breaker has a large conduction loss as compared with a conventional mechanical contact type circuit breaker in which the steady current conduction path includes only the mechanical contacts.
  • a direct-current circuit breaker in which a mechanical contact type circuit breaker is connected in parallel to a circuit in which a semiconductor circuit breaker and a commutation circuit constituted by a half bridge circuit are connected in series has been proposed.
  • the mechanical contact type disconnector when power is transmitted normally, the mechanical contact type disconnector is in a conductive state, and the semiconductor circuit breaker and the commutation circuit are in an interrupted state. Therefore, when power is transmitted normally, the transmission current flows only through the mechanical contact type disconnector.
  • an opening command is given to the mechanical contact type circuit breaker, the semiconductor circuit breaker is brought into a conductive state, and a commutation command is given to the commutation circuit. Then, the commutation circuit generates a zero point in the current of the mechanical contact type circuit breaker by causing a current to flow in a direction opposite to a fault current flowing to the mechanical contact type circuit breaker, and the fault current is commutated from the mechanical contact type circuit breaker to the semiconductor circuit breaker and the commutation circuit by the mechanical contact type circuit breaker opening. After the commutation of the fault current, interruption of the fault current is completed by shutting off the semiconductor circuit breaker.
  • a general mechanical contact type circuit breaker includes a fixed contact and a mobile contact which are provided to be brought into contact with or separated from each other, a metal tank which encloses the fixed contact and the mobile contact therein, and an operation mechanism which is driven so that the mobile contact is brought into contact with or separated from the fixed contact.
  • the inside of the metal tank is filled with an insulating medium.
  • the metal tank is grounded and electrically insulated from the fixed contact and the mobile contact.
  • the operation mechanism is grounded and located outside of the metal tank and is connected to the mobile contact in the metal tank via a seal rod which passes through the metal tank and an insulating operation rod which is connected to the seal rod in the metal tank.
  • EP 3125262 A1 relates to a mechanical switching device for a DC circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical switching device for a direct-current circuit breaker capable of easily increasing a voltage, curbing an increase in a size thereof, and ensuring responsiveness of an interrupting operation, and a direct-current circuit breaker comprising that mechanical switching device.
  • the invention is defined by the mechanical switching device according to independent claim 1. Further embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a direct-current circuit breaker according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the direct-current circuit breaker according to the first embodiment.
  • the direct-current circuit breaker 1 includes a mechanical switching part 2 (a mechanical switching device), a semiconductor switching part 3 (a semiconductor switching device), and a commutation device 4.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the mechanical switching part according to the first embodiment.
  • the mechanical switching part 2 includes a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) mechanical switching units 10 and a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) insulating columns 12 which support the mechanical switching units 10.
  • the plurality of mechanical switching units 10 are stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction with respect to the insulating columns 12.
  • Each of the mechanical switching units 10 includes a pair of unitary switching parts 14, a power supply part 30, a control part 31, and a mechanical switching part support plate 33 onto which the pair of unitary switching parts 14 (a first unitary switching part and a second unitary switching part), the power supply part 30 and the control part 31 are fixedly disposed.
  • Each of the unitary switching parts 14 constitutes a high voltage contact 14A or a current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the mechanical switching unit 10 includes only the high voltage contact 14A or only the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the uppermost mechanical switching unit 10 has a pair of current interrupting contacts 14B.
  • each of the other mechanical switching units 10 has a pair of high voltage contacts 14A.
  • the high voltage contact 14A is preferably a disconnector having a withstand voltage performance higher than or equivalent to that of the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the current interrupting contact 14B is preferably a circuit breaker having high current interrupting performance as compared to the high voltage contact 14A.
  • the disconnector having high voltage withstand performance is, for example, a gas disconnector having a gas contact.
  • the circuit breaker having high current interrupting performance is, for example, a vacuum circuit breaker having a vacuum interrupter.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the high voltage contact.
  • a mechanical contact part 16 of the unitary switching part 14 constituting the high voltage contact 14A is a gas contact.
  • the unitary switching part 14 constituting the high voltage contact 14A includes the mechanical contact part 16 having a fixed contact 17 and a movable contact 18, a sealed container 20 in which the mechanical contact part 16 and an insulating gas are enclosed, a fixed rod 25 connected to the fixed contact 17, an operation rod 26 connected to the movable contact 18, an operation mechanism 27 connected to the operation rod 26, and a capacitor 29 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 3 ) connected in parallel to the mechanical contact part 16.
  • the mechanical contact part 16 is a contact having high withstand voltage performance.
  • the fixed contact 17 and the movable contact 18 are provided to be brought into contact with or separated from each other.
  • the mechanical contact part 16 is opened by separating the fixed contact 17 and the movable contact 18 from each other.
  • a current conduction path which passes through the mechanical contact part 16 is opened by separating the fixed contact 17 and the movable contact 18 from each other.
  • a direction in which the fixed contact 17 and the movable contact 18 are brought into contact with or separated from each other is referred to as a first direction.
  • the first direction is one horizontal direction.
  • the sealed container 20 encloses, for example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas or the like as an insulating gas.
  • the sealed container 20 includes a cylindrical insulated cylinder 21, and a first flange 22 and a second flange 23 which close openings at both ends of the insulated cylinder 21.
  • the insulated cylinder 21 extends in the first direction.
  • the insulated cylinder 21 is, for example, a bushing formed of an insulating material.
  • Each of the first flange 22 and the second flange 23 is formed of a metal material.
  • the fixing rod 25 is formed of a metal material.
  • the fixing rod 25 extends in the first direction.
  • the fixed rod 25 connects the first flange 22 with the fixed contact 17 in the sealed container 20.
  • the fixed rod 25 may be integrally formed with the fixed contact 17.
  • the fixed rod 25 electrically connects the fixed contact 17 to the first flange 22.
  • the entire operation rod 26 is formed of a metal material.
  • the operation rod 26 extends in the first direction.
  • the operation rod 26 is connected to the movable contact 18 in the sealed container 20 and extends outside of the sealed container 20 through a through hole 23a provided in the second flange 23.
  • the operation rod 26 may be integrally formed with the movable contact 18.
  • the operation rod 26 is provided to be slidable with respect to the second flange 23 while keeping the inside of the sealed container 20 airtight.
  • the operation rod 26 electrically connects the movable contact 18 with the second flange 23.
  • the operation mechanism 27 is a highly responsive electromagnetic actuator energized by a power source.
  • the electromagnetic actuator may be, for example, an electromagnetic repulsion operation mechanism.
  • the electromagnetic repulsion operation mechanism has a metal plate of a good conductor connected to the operation rod 26, and a coil installed to face the metal plate. When the electromagnetic repulsion operation mechanism is driven, a current is applied to the coil to generate an induced current for the metal plate in a reverse direction, and a repulsive force in the reverse direction to the coil is applied to the metal plate to operate the operation rod 26.
  • the operation mechanism 27 is disposed outside of the sealed container 20 to be parallel to the second flange 23 in the first direction.
  • the operation mechanism 27 is fixed to the second flange 23 via a support portion 28.
  • the entire support portion 28 is formed of a metal material.
  • the operation mechanism 27 reciprocates the operation rod 26 in the first direction.
  • the operation mechanism 27 displaces the movable contact 18 connected to the operation rod 26 and causes the movable contact 18 to be brought into contact with or separated from the fixed contact 17.
  • the capacitor 29 is disposed outside of the sealed container 20.
  • the capacitor 29 is connected to the first flange 22 and the second flange 23.
  • the capacitor 29 is formed by encapsulating a dielectric in a high-resistance cylinder, and has electrodes at both ends thereof, and has capacitance and resistance.
  • the capacitor 29 adjusts a voltage applied to the mechanical contact part 16 (refer to FIG. 4 ) at the time of current interruption and in an open state.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the current interrupting contact.
  • a mechanical contact part 36 of the unitary switching part 14 constituting the current interrupting contact 14B is a vacuum interrupter.
  • the unitary switching part 14 constituting the current interrupting contact 14B includes the mechanical contact part 36 which is a vacuum interrupter 44 having a fixed contact 37 and a movable contact 38, a sealed container 40 which encloses the mechanical contact part 36, a fixed rod 45 connected to the fixed contact 37, an operation rod 46 connected to the movable contact 38, an operation mechanism 47 connected to the operation rod 46, and a capacitor 49 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 3 ) connected in parallel to the mechanical contact part 36.
  • the mechanical contact part 36 is a contact capable of mechanically interrupting the current at a current zero point.
  • the fixed contact 37 and the movable contact 38 are provided to be brought into contact with and separated from each other.
  • the mechanical contact part 36 is opened by separating the fixed contact 37 and the movable contact 38 from each other.
  • a current conduction path which passes through the mechanical contact part 36 is opened by separating the fixed contact 37 and the movable contact 38.
  • a direction in which the fixed contact 37 and the movable contact 38 are brought into contact with and separated from each other is referred to as a second direction.
  • the second direction is one horizontal direction.
  • the vacuum interrupter 44 maintains an inside vacuum.
  • the vacuum interrupter 44 includes the fixed contact 37, the movable contact 38, a cylindrical insulated cylinder 44a, a first flange 44b and a second flange 44c which close openings at both ends of the insulated cylinder 44a, and a bellows 44d provided at the inside of the insulated cylinder 44a.
  • the insulated cylinder 44a extends in the second direction.
  • the insulated cylinder 44a is, for example, a bushing formed of an insulating material.
  • Each of the first flange 44b and the second flange 44c is formed of a metal material.
  • the fixed contact 37 is connected to the first flange 44b in the vacuum interrupter 44.
  • the fixed contact 37 is electrically connected with the first flange 44b.
  • the movable contact 38 extends to the outside of the vacuum interrupter 44 through a through hole 44e provided in the second flange 44c.
  • the movable contact 38 is provided to be slidable with respect to the second flange 44c.
  • the movable contact 38 is electrically connected to the second flange 44c.
  • the bellows 44d is disposed in the inside of the insulated cylinder 44a to surround the movable contact 38. One end portion of the bellows 44d is fixed to the second flange 44c. The other end portion of the bellows 44d is fixed to a peripheral surface of the movable contact 38.
  • the bellows 44d isolates the vacuum in the vacuum interrupter 44 from the outside while causing the movable contact 38 to be displaceable with respect to the insulated cylinder 44a in the second direction.
  • the sealed container 40 encloses, for example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas or the like as an insulating gas.
  • the sealed container 40 includes a cylindrical insulated cylinder 41, and a first flange 42 and a second flange 43 which close openings at both ends of the insulated cylinder 41.
  • the insulated cylinder 41 extends in the second direction.
  • the insulated cylinder 41 is, for example, a bushing formed of an insulating material.
  • Each of the first flange 42 and the second flange 43 is formed of a metal material.
  • the fixing rod 45 is formed of a metal material.
  • the fixing rod 45 extends in the second direction.
  • the fixed rod 45 connects the first flange 42 to the first flange 44b in the sealed container 40.
  • the fixed rod 45 may be integrally formed with the first flange 44b.
  • the fixed rod 45 electrically connects the fixed contact 37 to the first flange 44b and the first flange 42.
  • the entire operation rod 46 is formed of a metal material.
  • the operation rod 46 extends in the second direction.
  • the operation rod 46 is connected to the movable contact 38 in the sealed container 40 and extends to the outside of the sealed container 40 through a through hole 43a provided in the second flange 43.
  • the operation rod 46 may be integrally formed with the movable contact 38.
  • the operation rod 46 is provided to be slidable with respect to the second flange 43.
  • the operation rod 46 electrically connects the movable contact 38 with the second flange 43.
  • the operation mechanism 47 is a highly responsive electromagnetic actuator energized by a power source.
  • the electromagnetic actuator is, for example, an electromagnetic repulsion operation mechanism.
  • the electromagnetic repulsion operation mechanism has a metal plate of a good conductor connected to the operation rod 46, and a coil installed to face the metal plate. When the electromagnetic repulsion operation mechanism is driven, a current is applied to the coil to generate an induced current to the metal plate in a reverse direction, and a repulsive force in the reverse direction to the coil is applied to the metal plate to operate the operation rod 46.
  • the operation mechanism 47 is disposed outside of the sealed container 40 to be parallel to the second flange 43 in the second direction.
  • the operation mechanism 47 is fixed to the second flange 43 via a support portion 48.
  • the entire support portion 48 is formed of a metal material.
  • the operation mechanism 47 reciprocates the operation rod 46 in the second direction.
  • the operation mechanism 47 displaces the movable contact 38 connected to the operation rod 46 and causes the movable contact 38 to be brought into contact with or separated from the fixed contact 37.
  • the capacitor 49 is disposed outside of the sealed container 40.
  • the capacitor 49 is connected to the first flange 42 and the second flange 43.
  • the capacitor 49 is formed by encapsulating a dielectric in a high-resistance cylinder, and has electrodes at both ends thereof, and has capacitance and resistance.
  • the capacitor 49 adjusts a voltage applied to the mechanical contact part 36 (refer to FIG. 5 ) at the time of current interruption and in an open state.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are disposed so that the respective operation rods 26, 46 are operated on the same straight line when the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 are opened by the operation mechanisms 27, 47.
  • the operation rods 26, 46 of the respective unitary switching parts 14 extend on the same straight line.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are disposed so that operating directions of the operation rods 26, 46 at the time of the opening operation of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 by the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are opposite to each other.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are disposed so that the respective operation mechanisms 27, 47 face each other and come into contact with each other. Further, the unitary switching part 14 of one mechanical switching unit 10 and the unitary switching part 14 of the other mechanical switching unit 10 are disposed to operate on the same straight line when seen in the vertical direction.
  • the sealed containers 20, 40 of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are disposed outside of the mechanical switching part support plate 33 in the horizontal direction.
  • the whole of the sealed containers 20, 40 is disposed outside of the mechanical switching part support plate 33 in the horizontal direction
  • only a part of the sealed containers 20, 40 may be disposed outside of the mechanical switching part support plate 33 in the horizontal direction.
  • portions (for example, the first flanges 22, 42) of the sealed containers 20, 40 having the same potential as that of the fixed contacts 17, 37 may be disposed outside of the mechanical switching part support plate 33 in the horizontal direction.
  • the above-described first direction is a projection line
  • At least a part of the sealed containers 20, 40 may be disposed to protrude from a space (a space on the side on which the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are present) divided by the two vertical projection planes.
  • the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 are electrically insulated from the ground.
  • the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are provided at the same potential as that of the movable contacts 18, 38 of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 and the mechanical switching part support plate 33.
  • the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are provided such that a reference potential is the same potential as that of the movable contacts 18, 38 of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 and the mechanical switching part support plate 33.
  • the sealed containers 20, 40 are electrically insulated from the ground. Further, the sealed containers 20, 40 electrically insulate the fixed contacts 17, 37 from the movable contacts 18, 38 when the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 are opened.
  • the power supply part 30 supplies power to the operation mechanisms 27, 47 of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 common to the power supply part 30.
  • the power supply part 30 is provided so that a reference potential is the same as that of the operation mechanisms 27, 47.
  • the power supply part 30 includes, for example, a capacitor which supplies power to the operation mechanisms 27, 47 at an opening operation of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 (refer to FIGS.
  • a capacitor which supplies power to the operation mechanisms 27, 47 at the time of a closing operation of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36, a charging device for the respective capacitors, and a switching element which holds each of the capacitors in a charged state and discharges power when the power is supplied (all of which are not shown).
  • a power feeding device capable of supplying power while electrically insulating the power supply part 30 from the ground, such as an insulation transformer, a laser power feeding device, and an electromagnetic induction type wireless power feeding device (all of which are not shown), may be used for power supply from the ground to the charging device.
  • the control part 31 monitors a state of the power supply part 30 and the operation mechanisms 27, 47 disposed on the same mechanical switching part support plate 33. Further, the control part 31 controls the power supply from the power supply part 30 disposed on the same mechanical switching part support plate 33 to the operation mechanisms 27, 47.
  • the mechanical switching part support plate 33 is formed of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy.
  • the mechanical switching part support plate 33 is formed in a rectangular shape in a plan view.
  • the mechanical switching part support plates 33 are stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction with respect to the insulating column 12.
  • the mechanical switching part support plates 33 are installed in parallel in a direction (the first direction) in which the unitary switching parts 14 perform the interrupting operation.
  • the insulating column 12 is formed of, for example, an insulator, a polymer, fiber reinforced plastic, or the like.
  • the insulating column 12 stands on the foundation 5.
  • the insulating column 12 extends in the vertical direction.
  • the respective insulating columns 12 supports corner portions of the respective mechanical switching part support plates 33 stacked in multiple stages.
  • the insulating column 12 electrically insulates the plurality of mechanical switching units 10 from each other and mechanically connects each of the mechanical switching units 10 to the foundation 5 while electrically insulating the mechanical switching units 10 from the foundation 5.
  • the length of the insulating column 12 is set to insulate mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction when the power is interrupted, and to electrically insulate all of the mechanical switching units 10 from the ground when power is applied. That is, the length of a portion of the insulating column 12 provided between a pair of mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is set so that the mechanical switching units 10 can be electrically insulated from each other when the power is interrupted. Further, the length of a portion of the insulating column 12 provided between the lowermost mechanical switching unit 10 and the foundation 5 is set so that all of the plurality of mechanical switching units 10 can be electrically insulated from the ground when power is applied.
  • the length of the portion of the insulating column 12 provided between the lowermost mechanical switching unit 10 and the foundation 5 is longer than the length of the portion thereof provided between a pair of mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Further, the length of the portion of the insulating column 12 provided between the lowermost mechanical switching unit 10 and the foundation 5 is shorter than the sum of the lengths of the portions provided between a pair of mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.
  • the respective insulating columns 12 may extend continuously from a lower end to an upper end, or may be divided into a plurality of pieces to sandwich each of the mechanical switching part support plates 33.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing the mechanical switching part according to the first embodiment.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are illustrated as one unitary switching part 14.
  • illustration of the power supply part 30 and the control part 31 of each of the mechanical switching units 10 is omitted.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 in each of the mechanical switching units 10 are connected in series by an intra-unit bus bar 51 which connects the second flanges 23, 43 to each other.
  • the first flanges 22, 42 of the first unitary switching part 14 of the first mechanical switching unit 10 and the first flanges 22, 42 of the second unitary switching part 14 of the second mechanical switching unit 10 are connected in series by the inter-unit bus bar 52.
  • the unitary switching parts 14 are connected in series by the inter-unit bus bars 52 which connects the first flanges 22 to each other and the first flanges 22, 42 to the unitary switching parts 14 of the mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Therefore, the plurality of high voltage contacts 14A and the plurality of current interrupting contacts 14B are connected in series by the intra-unit bus bar 51 and the inter-unit bus bar 52 and thus form a mechanical contact module 34. In this constitution, all the high voltage contacts 14A are connected in series with each other. Further, all the current interrupting contacts 14B are connected in series with each other.
  • a first connection point A1, a second connection point A2, and a third connection point A3 are formed in the mechanical contact module 34.
  • the first connection point A1 is formed at one of both end portions of the mechanical contact module 34 in which the current interrupting contact 14B is provided.
  • the second connection point A2 is formed at one of both end portions of the mechanical contact module 34 on the side opposite to the first connection point A1.
  • the third connection point A3 is an electrical connection point between the high voltage contact 14A and the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the first connection point A1 and the second connection point A2 are connected to a direct-current transmission system.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the semiconductor switching part of the first embodiment.
  • the semiconductor switching part 3 is provided on the foundation 5 to be parallel to the mechanical switching part 2.
  • the semiconductor switching part 3 includes a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) semiconductor switching units 60 and a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) insulating columns 62 which support the semiconductor switching units 60.
  • the plurality of semiconductor switching units 60 are stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction with respect to the insulating column 62.
  • Each of the semiconductor switching units 60 includes a pair of semiconductor modules 64, a surge absorber 68, and a semiconductor switching part support plate 70 on which the pair of semiconductor modules 64 and the surge absorber 68 are fixedly disposed.
  • the semiconductor module 64 includes a semiconductor stack 65 in which a plurality of semiconductor elements 65a are connected in series, a diode 66 connected in parallel to the semiconductor stack 65, and an attached circuit 67 connected to the semiconductor stack 65.
  • the semiconductor element 65a is, for example, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), an injection enhanced gate transistor (IEGT), or the like.
  • the semiconductor stack 65 and the diode 66 are connected in parallel so that forward directions in which the power is applied are opposite to each other.
  • the attached circuit 67 includes a snubber circuit which equalizes voltage distribution of the plurality of semiconductor elements 65a of the semiconductor stack 65, and a gate unit which outputs a switching command to the semiconductor element 65a.
  • the pair of semiconductor modules 64 are connected in series so that the forward directions of the respective semiconductor stacks 65 are opposite to each other.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing the semiconductor switching part of the first embodiment.
  • the surge absorbers 68 are connected in parallel to a pair of semiconductor modules 64 disposed on the same semiconductor switching part support plate 70. A current temporarily flows to the surge absorber 68 in a state in which the pair of semiconductor modules 64 are interrupted. The surge absorber 68 converts the current into thermal energy.
  • the semiconductor switching part support plate 70 is formed of an insulating material such as fiber reinforced plastic or a metal material such as an aluminum alloy.
  • the semiconductor switching part support plate 70 is formed so that both ends of the semiconductor module 64 are insulated, both ends of the surge absorber 68 are insulated and the semiconductor module 64 and the surge absorber 68 can be supported by the insulating column 62.
  • the semiconductor switching part support plate 70 is stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction with respect to the insulating column 62.
  • the insulating column 62 is formed of, for example, an insulator, a polymer, fiber reinforced plastic, or the like.
  • the insulating column 62 stands on the foundation 5.
  • the insulating column 62 extends in the vertical direction.
  • the respective insulating columns 62 supports corner portions of the respective semiconductor switching part support plates 70 stacked in multiple stages.
  • the insulating column 62 electrically insulates the plurality of semiconductor switching units 60 from each other and mechanically connects each of the semiconductor switching units 60 to the foundation 5 while electrically insulating the semiconductor switching units 60 from the foundation 5.
  • the length of the insulating column 62 is set to insulate the semiconductor switching units 60 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction when the power is interrupted, and to electrically insulate the whole of the semiconductor switching units 60 from the ground when the power is applied. That is, the length of a portion of the insulating column 62 provided between the pair of semiconductor switching units 60 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is set so that the semiconductor switching units 60 can be electrically insulated from each other when the power is interrupted. Further, the length of a portion of the insulating column 62 provided between the lowermost semiconductor switching units 60 and the foundation 5 is set so that the whole of the plurality of semiconductor switching units 60 can be electrically insulated from the ground when the power is applied.
  • the length of the portion of the insulating column 62 provided between the lowermost semiconductor switching units 60 and the foundation 5 is longer than the length of the portion thereof provided between the pair of semiconductor switching units 60 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Further, the length of the portion of the insulating column 62 provided between the lowermost semiconductor switching units 60 and the foundation 5 is shorter than the sum of the lengths of the portions provided between the pair of semiconductor switching units 60 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.
  • the respective insulating columns 62 may extend continuously from a lower end to an upper end, or may be divided into a plurality of pieces to sandwich each of the semiconductor switching part support plates 70.
  • the pair of semiconductor modules 64 in each of the semiconductor switching units 60 are regarded as one semiconductor module 64
  • the plurality of semiconductor modules 64 are connected in series by a plurality of bus bar 72.
  • the semiconductor modules 64 are connected in series by the bus bars 72 to the semiconductor modules 64 of the semiconductor switching units 60 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.
  • all the semiconductor modules 64 connected in series are referred to as a semiconductor module group.
  • the first connection point B 1 and the second connection point B2 are formed in a semiconductor switching unit module group.
  • the first connection point B 1 is formed at one end of the semiconductor switching part module group.
  • the second connection point B2 is formed at the other end of the semiconductor switching module part group.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the commutation device of the first embodiment.
  • the commutation device 4 includes a commutation circuit 80, a commutation reactor 86, a commutation device support plate 88 on which the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86 are fixedly disposed, and an insulating column 90 which supports the commutation device support plate 88.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing the commutation circuit.
  • the commutation circuit 80 is a half bridge circuit constituted by connecting a pair of legs 82 formed by connecting a pair of semiconductor elements 82a in series, with a capacitor 84 in parallel.
  • the semiconductor element 82a is, for example, an IGBT, an IEGT, or the like.
  • a diodes 82b is connected in parallel to each of the semiconductor elements 82a so that forward directions in which the power is applied are opposite to each other.
  • An attached circuit (not shown) including a snubber circuit which equalizes voltage distribution of the semiconductor elements 82a and a gate unit which outputs a switching command to the semiconductor element 82a is connected to the pair of legs 82.
  • One commutation circuit 80 may be provided, or a plurality of commutation circuits may be connected in series. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , one commutation circuit 80 is provided.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing the commutation device of the first embodiment.
  • the commutation reactor 86 is connected in series to the commutation circuit 80 via a bus bar 92.
  • the commutation reactor 86 adjusts a discharge time of the capacitor 84 of the commutation circuit 80.
  • a first connection point C1, a second connection point C2, and a third connection point C3 are formed in a series of circuits formed by the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86.
  • the first connection point C1 is an electrical connection point between the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86.
  • the second connection point C2 is formed at one of both end portions of the commutation reactor 86 on the side opposite to the first connection point C1.
  • the third connection point C3 is formed at one of both end portions of the commutation circuit 80 on the side opposite to the first connection point C1.
  • the commutation device support plate 88 is formed of an insulating material such as fiber reinforced plastic or a metal material such as an aluminum alloy.
  • the commutation device support plate 88 is formed so that both ends of the commutation circuit 80 are insulated, the commutation circuit 80 is insulated from the commutation reactor 86 by the other than the bus bar 92, and the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86 can be supported by the insulating column 90.
  • the insulating column 90 is formed of, for example, an insulator, a polymer, or fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the insulating column 90 stands on the foundation 5.
  • the insulating column 90 extends in the vertical direction.
  • the respective insulating columns 90 support corner portions of the commutation device support plate 88.
  • the insulating column 90 mechanically connects the commutation device support plate 88 to the foundation 5 while electrically insulating the commutation device support plate 88 from the foundation 5.
  • the length of the insulating column 90 is set so that the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86 can be electrically insulated from the ground when the power is applied.
  • the commutation device support plate 88 is disposed above the semiconductor switching part 3. Also, the insulating column 90 of the commutation device 4 is shared with the insulating column 62 of the semiconductor switching part 3. As a result, the commutation device 4 is stacked on an upper portion of the semiconductor switching part 3. In this case, the insulating column 90 electrically insulates the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86 from the semiconductor switching unit 60.
  • the length of a portion of the insulating column 90 provided between the commutation device support plate 88 and the semiconductor switching unit 60 disposed immediately below the commutation device support plate 88 is set so that the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86 can be electrically insulated from the semiconductor switching unit 60 when the power is interrupted.
  • FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram schematically showing the direct-current circuit breaker of the first embodiment.
  • a plurality of high voltage contacts 14A connected in series with each other are illustrated as one high voltage contact 14A.
  • the pair of current interrupting contacts 14B connected in series with each other are illustrated as one current interrupting contact 14B.
  • FIG. 12 shows only a pair of semiconductor modules 64 connected in series among the plurality of semiconductor modules 64 connected in series.
  • a series of circuits formed by the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86 are connected in parallel to the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the commutation circuit 80 is connected to the high voltage contact 14A side from the commutation reactor 86.
  • the second connection point C2 of the commutation device 4 and the first connection point A1 of the mechanical contact module 34 are electrically connected by a bus bar 94.
  • the third connection point C3 of the commutation device 4 and the third connection point A3 of the mechanical contact module 34 are electrically connected by a bus bar 95.
  • the semiconductor module 64 is connected in parallel to a series of circuits formed by the high voltage contact 14A and the commutation circuit 80. Specifically, the first connection point B 1 of the semiconductor switching part 3 and the second connection point A2 of the mechanical contact module 34 are electrically connected by a bus bar 96. In addition, the second connection point B2 of the semiconductor switching part 3 and the first connection point C1 of the commutation device 4 are electrically connected by a bus bar 97.
  • a transmission current flows to the mechanical contact module 34. In this state, no current flows to the semiconductor module 64, the commutation circuit 80, and the commutation reactor 86. Further, the capacitor 84 of the commutation circuit 80 is charged in advance by a power feeding device (not shown) capable of supplying power while electrically insulating the ground and the commutation circuit 80 from each other.
  • the semiconductor element 82a of the commutation circuit 80 is turned on (a power applied state), and an electric charge of the capacitor 84 is discharged.
  • a current of the current interrupting contact 14B connected in parallel to the commutation circuit 80 decreases, and a current zero point is generated at the current interrupting contact 14B. Therefore, an arc is extinguished at the current interrupting contact 14B, and the commutation is completed.
  • the fault current flows through the high voltage contact 14A, the commutation circuit 80 and the commutation reactor 86.
  • the semiconductor element 65a of the semiconductor module 64 is turned on, and the semiconductor element 82a of the commutation circuit 80 is switched off.
  • the fault current is commutated to the semiconductor module 64 connected in parallel to the commutation circuit 80.
  • the fault current flows through the semiconductor module 64 and the commutation reactor 86.
  • the semiconductor element 65a of the semiconductor module 64 is switched off.
  • the fault current is commutated to the surge absorber 68 connected in parallel to the semiconductor element 65a.
  • the fault current is absorbed in the surge absorber 68, and the interruption of the fault current in the direct-current transmission system is completed.
  • the mechanical switching part 2 has the unitary switching part 14 including the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 which have the fixed contacts 17, 37 and the movable contacts 18, 38 and are electrically insulated from the ground, the sealed containers 20, 40 which enclose the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 and an insulating gas and are electrically insulated from the ground, the operation rods 26, 46 connected to the movable contacts 18, 38, and the operation mechanisms 27, 47 connected to the operation rods 26, 46 and provided at the same potential as the movable contacts 18, 38 of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 is adopted.
  • the sealed containers 20, 40 are not grounded to the ground, the insulation between the sealed containers 20, 40 and the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 can be omitted. Therefore, the sealed containers 20, 40 can be downsized, and an increase in size of the unitary switching part 14 can be curbed as compared with a case in which the sealed container is electrically insulated from the mechanical contact part by being grounded to the ground, or the like. Further, even when the plurality of unitary switching parts 14 are connected in series to improve the interrupting performance as the voltage is increased, the increase in size of all the unitary switching parts 14 connected in series can be curbed. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the direct-current circuit breaker 1 which is easy to increase the voltage and can curb the increase in size.
  • the insulation of the operation rods 26, 46 interposed between the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 and the operation mechanisms 27, 47 can be omitted, and an increase in length of the operation rods 26, 46 can be curbed as compared with a case in which the operation mechanism is electrically insulated from the mechanical contact part by being grounded to the ground, or the like.
  • an increase in mass of the mobile parts of the operation mechanisms 27, 47 is curbed, and a decrease in the opening speed of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36 can be curbed. Therefore, it is possible to provide the direct-current circuit breaker 1 capable of securing responsiveness of the interrupting operation.
  • each of the mechanical switching units 10 are disposed so that the respective operation rods 26, 46 operate on the same straight line by the operation mechanisms 27, 47, and the operating directions of the operation rods 26, 46 by the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are opposite to each other.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are disposed so that the respective operation mechanisms 27, 47 face each other and come into contact with each other.
  • the sealed containers 20, 40 of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 is disposed outside of the mechanical switching part support plate 33 in the horizontal direction.
  • the mechanical switching part support plate 33 is formed of a metal material.
  • the movable contacts 18, 38 of the mechanical contact parts 16, 36, the operation mechanisms 27, 47, and the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are provided at the same potential.
  • the plurality of mechanical switching units 10 are stacked in multiple stages with respect to the insulating column 12, an installation area of the direct-current circuit breaker 1 can be reduced as compared with the case in which the mechanical switching units are disposed side by side.
  • the same operation and effect can be obtained also in that the plurality of semiconductor switching units 60 are stacked in multiple stages with respect to the insulating column 62. Further, the same operation and effect can be obtained also in that the commutation device 4 is stacked on the upper portion of the semiconductor switching part 3.
  • each of the plurality of mechanical switching units 10 at least a part of the sealed containers 20, 40 of each of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 are disposed outside of the mechanical switching part support plate 33 in the horizontal direction.
  • the bus bar 52 may also be installed with a sufficient insulation distance from the mechanical switching part support plate 33.
  • the operation mechanisms 27, 47 of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 are disposed to be opposed to and in contact with each other. Therefore, when the operation rods 26, 46 are operated, the impact force and the reaction generated in the operation mechanisms 27, 47 can be offset more effectively.
  • both of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 disposed on the mechanical switching part support plate 33 constitute only one of the high voltage contact 14A and the current interrupting contact 14B. Therefore, when the operation rods 26, 46 in the pair of unitary switching parts 14 are operated, the impact force and the reaction generated in the operation mechanisms 27, 47 can be made equal to each other. Thus, the impact force and the reaction can be offset more effectively.
  • the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are disposed outside of the sealed containers 20, 40. Therefore, maintainability of the operation mechanisms 27, 47 can be improved as compared with a case in which the operation mechanism is disposed in the inside of the sealed container.
  • the mechanical contact part 16 of the unitary switching part 14 constituting the high voltage contact 14A is a gas contact
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the mechanical contact part 36 of the unitary switching part 14 constituting the high voltage contact 14A may be a vacuum interrupter having a withstand voltage performance equivalent to that of the mechanical contact part 16 in the first embodiment.
  • the pair of current interrupting contacts 14B are provided in the mechanical switching part 2, the present invention is not limited thereto. At least one current interrupting contact 14B may be provided in the mechanical switching part 2.
  • the uppermost mechanical switching unit 10 may include both the high voltage contact 14A and the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 are preferably disposed so that the respective operation rods 26, 46 operate on the same straight line by the operation mechanisms 27, 47 and the operating directions of the operation rods 26, 46 by the operation mechanisms 27, 47 are opposite to each other.
  • high voltage contacts 14A are provided in the mechanical switching part 2, the invention is not limited thereto. At least one high voltage contact 14A may be provided in the mechanical switching part 2.
  • FIG. 14 is a front view schematically showing a mechanical switching part according to a second embodiment.
  • illustration of the power supply part 30 and the control part 31 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 3 ) of each of the mechanical switching unit 10 is omitted.
  • the second embodiment shown in FIG. 14 is different from the first embodiment in that the current interrupting contact 14B is disposed so that the operating direction of the operation rod 46 by the operation mechanism 47 follows an extending direction (that is, the vertical direction) of the insulating column 12.
  • the uppermost mechanical switching unit 10 includes one current interrupting contact 14B, the power supply part and the control part which are not shown, and the mechanical switching part support plate 33 on which the current interrupting contact 14B (the unitary switching part 14), the power supply part and control part are fixedly disposed.
  • the current interrupting contact 14B is placed longitudinally. That is, the current interrupting contact 14B is disposed so that the above-described second direction follows the vertical direction.
  • the operation rod 46 is disposed to extend in the vertical direction.
  • the operation mechanism 47 is located between the sealed container 40 and the mechanical switching part support plate 33 and is fixed to the mechanical switching part support plate 33.
  • the mechanical switching units 10 are stacked in two stages, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the mechanical switching units 10 may be stacked in three or more stages.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the high voltage contact 14A may be disposed longitudinally.
  • FIG. 15 is a front view schematically showing a mechanical switching part according to a third embodiment.
  • illustration of the power supply part 30 and the control part 31 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 3 ) of a mechanical switching unit 110 is omitted.
  • the third embodiment as shown in FIG. 15 is different from the above-described embodiments in that the pair of unitary switching parts 14 are directly supported by the insulating column 12.
  • the mechanical switching unit 110 includes the pair of unitary switching parts 14, the power supply part and the control unit which are not shown, and a connection member 53 which connects the high voltage contact 14A with the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the first unitary switching part 14 constitutes the high voltage contact 14A.
  • the second unitary switching part 14 constitutes the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the high voltage contact 14A and the current interrupting contact 14B are longitudinally disposed on the insulating column 12.
  • the high voltage contact 14A is fixedly disposed on the insulating column 12 so that the above-described first direction follows the vertical direction.
  • the operation rod 26 is disposed to extend in the vertical direction.
  • the operation mechanism 27 is located between the sealed container 20 and an upper end portion of the insulating column 12 and is fixed to the insulating column 12. Further, the current interrupting contact 14B is fixedly disposed on the insulating column 12 so that the above-described second direction follows the vertical direction.
  • the operation rod 46 is disposed to extend in the vertical direction.
  • the operation mechanism 47 is located between the sealed container 40 and the upper end portion of the insulating column 12 and is fixed to the insulating column 12.
  • connection member 53 is formed of a conductive metal material or the like.
  • the connection member 53 is disposed between the high voltage contact 14A and the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the connection member 53 mechanically and electrically connects the second flange 23 of the unitary switching part 14 constituting the high voltage contact 14A with the second flange 43 of the unitary switching part 14 constituting the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts 14 are electrically connected in series to each other and mechanically fixed to each other.
  • the vibration of the mechanical switching part having the mechanical switching unit 110 can be curbed, and the excessive increase in size of the insulating column 12, the increase of the number of supporting structures, and the increase in weight thereof can be curbed.
  • the vibration of the mechanical switching part having the mechanical switching unit 110 can be curbed more reliably.
  • both of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 directly supported by the insulating column 12 may constitute the high voltage contact 14A, and both of the pair of unitary switching parts 14 may constitute the current interrupting contact 14B.
  • FIG. 16 is a front view schematically showing a mechanical switching part according to a fourth embodiment.
  • illustration of the power supply part 30 and the control part 31 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 3 ) of the mechanical switching unit 10 is omitted.
  • the fourth embodiment as shown in FIG. 16 is different from the above-described embodiments in that the insulating column 12 has a damping member 54 which absorbs vibration.
  • the damping member 54 is disposed at the insulating column 12 between the mechanical switching part support plates 33 of the mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and at the insulating column 12 between the mechanical switching part support plate 33 of the lowermost mechanical switching unit 10 and the foundation 5.
  • the damping members 54 are respectively disposed at a connecting portion between the foundation 5 and the insulating column 12 and a connecting portion between an upper surface of each of the mechanical switching part support plates 33 and the insulating column 12.
  • the damping member 54 absorbs the vibration transmitted through the insulating column 12.
  • the damping member 54 is, for example, an air damper (an air spring) in which a bellows-shaped rubber member containing air is sandwiched between metal plates, an anti-vibration rubber, or the like.
  • the vibration generated by the mechanical switching unit 10 is absorbed by the damping member 54.
  • the vibration generated in the mechanical switching unit 10 is absorbed by the damping member 54.
  • the damping member 54 since a force in a bending direction of the insulating column 12 can be absorbed by the damping member 54, the generation of the bending moment in the insulating column 12 can be curbed. Therefore, the vibration of the mechanical switching part 2 can be curbed, and the excessive increase in size of the insulating column 12, the increase in the number of supporting structures, and the increase in weight thereof can be curbed.
  • the damping members 54 are respectively disposed at the connecting portion between the foundation 5 and the insulating column 12 and the connecting portion between the upper surface of each of the mechanical switching part support plates 33 and the insulating column 12, the present invention is limited thereto.
  • the damping members may be disposed at a connection portion between a lower surface of each of the mechanical switching part support plates 33 and the insulating column 12.
  • FIG. 17 is a front view schematically showing a mechanical switching part according to a fifth embodiment.
  • illustration of the power supply part 30 and the control part 31 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 3 ) of the mechanical switching unit 10 is omitted.
  • the fifth embodiment as shown in FIG. 17 is different from the above-described embodiments in that the insulating column 12 is hung on the ceiling of a building 6.
  • the direct-current circuit breaker 1 is installed in the building 6 in consideration of the maintainability, an influence of contamination, or the like.
  • the respective wall portions which constitutes the building 6 is provided at a position which maintains an insulation distance with respect to a high voltage part of the direct-current circuit breaker 1.
  • the insulating column 12 is hung on the ceiling of the building 6.
  • the insulating column 12 has a joint 56 and supports the mechanical switching unit 10 in a rockable manner with respect to the building 6.
  • the joint 56 is provided in a connecting portion between the insulating column 12 and the ceiling of the building 6 and a connecting portion between the insulating column 12 and the upper and lower surfaces of the mechanical switching part support plate 33.
  • the length of the insulating column 12 is set to be able to electrically insulate the mechanical switching units 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction when the power is interrupted and also to electrically insulate the whole of the mechanical switching unit 10 from the ground and the building 6 when the power is applied. That is, the length of a portion of the insulating column 12 provided between the mechanical switching unit 10 located uppermost and the ceiling of the building 6 is set to electrically insulate the whole of the mechanical switching unit 10 from the building 6 when the power is applied. Further, the entire length of the insulating column 12 is set to electrically insulate the entire mechanical switching unit 10 from the foundation 5 when the power is applied.
  • the insulating column 12 supports each of the mechanical switching units 10 from the upper side, even when a force in the bending direction of the mechanical switching unit 10 acts on the insulating column 12 from the mechanical switching unit 10, the force in the bending direction can be offset by the gravity of the mechanical switching unit 10. Therefore, as compared to the constitution in which each of the insulating column 12 is supported from the lower side, the occurrence of the bending moment in the insulating column 12 can be curbed more reliably.
  • the vibration of the mechanical switching part 2 can be curbed, and the excessive increase in size of the insulating column 12, the increase in the number of supporting structures, and the increase in weight thereof can be curbed.
  • the insulating column 12 supports the mechanical switching units 10 in a rockable manner with respect to the building 6, even when the building 6 is vibrated due to an earthquake or the like, the transmission of the vibration of the building 6 to the mechanical switching units 10 can be reduced by rocking the mechanical switching units 10 with respect to the building 6. Accordingly, the vibration of the mechanical switching part 2 can be curbed, and the excessive increase in size of the insulating column 12, the increase in the number of supporting structures, and the increase in weight thereof can be curbed.
  • the insulating column 62 of the semiconductor switching part 3 and the insulating column 90 of the commutation device 4 may also be hung on the ceiling of the building 6. Accordingly, the same operation and effect as those in the case in which the insulating column 12 of the mechanical switching part 2 is hung on the ceiling of the building 6 can be achieved.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the plurality of mechanical switching units 10 may be disposed in parallel in the horizontal direction while being supported by the insulating columns 12.
  • the mechanical switching part support plate 33, the semiconductor switching part support plate 70, and the commutation device support plate 88 are formed separately from each other, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be constituted to share each other. That is, the mechanical switching part support plate 33 may be integrated with at least one of the semiconductor switching part support plate 70 and the commutation device support plate 88. In this case, since the vibration of the mechanical switching part 2 is curbed as described above, the vibration of the semiconductor switching part 3 and the commutation device 4 due to the opening operation of the mechanical switching part 2 is curbed.
  • the mechanical switching part 2 is disposed in parallel to the semiconductor switching part 3 and the commutation device 4, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the mechanical switching unit 10 may be stacked on the semiconductor switching unit 60 by sharing the insulating column 12 of the mechanical switching part 2 and the insulating column 62 of the semiconductor switching part 3.
  • a ground area of the direct-current circuit breaker can be reduced.
  • the vibration of the mechanical switching part 2 is curbed, the vibration of the semiconductor switching part 3 and the commutation device 4 due to the opening operation of the mechanical switching part 2 is curbed.
  • some of the operation rods and the support portions may be formed of an insulating material or a high resistance material. Also, in this case, since a potential difference between the movable contacts 18, 38 and the operation mechanisms 27, 47 is small, the insulating portion can be made small, and the increase in length of the operation rod can be curbed as compared with a case in which the operation mechanism is electrically insulated from the mechanical contact part by being grounded on the ground, or the like.
  • an insulating material may be interposed between the operation mechanisms 27, 47 disposed on the same mechanical switching part support plate 33 and between the operation mechanisms 27, 47 and other members to electrically insulate them from each other.
  • the current conduction paths from the operation mechanisms 27, 47 to other members other than the movable contacts 18, 38 are eliminated, the power application from the movable contacts 18, 38 to the operation mechanisms 27, 47 can be curbed.
  • a shield which alleviates concentration of an electric field may be appropriately installed in the mechanical switching part 2, the semiconductor switching part 3 and the commutation device 4 in each of the above-described embodiments.
  • the shield may be installed at an end portion of the unitary switching part 14 or end portions of the mechanical switching part support plate 33, the semiconductor switching part support plate 70, and the commutation device support plate 88 which are likely to cause the concentration of the electric field.
  • a distance required to electrically insulate the respective portions of the mechanical switching part 2, the semiconductor switching part 3, and the commutation device 4 can be shortened, and the increase in size of the direct-current circuit breaker 1 can be curbed. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a direct-current circuit breaker capable of increasing the voltage and curbing the increase in size.
  • the mechanical switching part support plate 33 is formed of a metal material, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the mechanical switching part support plate may be formed of an insulating material such as fiber reinforced plastic.
  • a mechanical switching part includes a mechanical switching unit having one pair of unitary switching parts including a mechanical contact part having a fixed contact and a movable contact and electrically insulated from the ground, a sealed container which encloses the mechanical contact part and an insulating gas and is electrically insulated from the ground, an operation rod connected to the movable contact, and an operation mechanism connected to the operation rod and provided at the same potential as that of the movable contact of the mechanical contact part; and an insulating column which supports the mechanical switching unit.
  • the mechanical switching unit further includes a mechanical switching part support plate on which the pair of unitary switching parts are disposed and which is supported by the insulating column.
  • the pair of unitary switching parts are disposed so that each of the operation rods is operated on the same straight line by the operation mechanism, operating directions of the operation rods by the operation mechanism are opposite to each other, and each of the operation mechanisms is disposed to face each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) für einen Gleichstromschutzschalter (1), wobei die mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) umfasst:
    mindestens eine mechanische Schalteinheit (10) mit mindestens einem einheitlichen Schaltteil (14), aufweisend
    ein mechanisches Kontaktteil (16, 36), das einen festen Kontakt (17, 37) und einen beweglichen Kontakt (18, 38) aufweist und gegenüber der Erde elektrisch isoliert ist,
    einen abgedichteten Behälter (20, 40), der das mechanische Kontaktteil (16, 36) und ein Isoliergas umschließt und gegenüber der Erde elektrisch isoliert ist,
    eine Betätigungsstange (26, 46), die mit dem beweglichen Kontakt (18, 38) verbunden ist und sich von der Innenseite des abgedichteten Behälters (20, 40) zur Außenseite davon erstreckt, und
    einen mit der Betätigungsstange (26, 46) verbunden Betätigungsmechanismus (27, 47), der bewirkt, dass der bewegliche Kontakt (18, 38) mit dem festen Kontakt (17, 37) in Kontakt gebracht oder von diesem getrennt wird und der auf dem gleichen Potential wie der bewegliche Kontakt (18, 38) vorgesehen ist;
    eine Isoliersäule (12), die die mindestens eine mechanische Schalteinheit (10) trägt; und
    einen Stromunterbrechungskontakt (14B) und einen Hochspannungskontakt (14A) mit einer Spannungsfestigkeit, die höher oder gleich der des Stromunterbrechungskontakts (14B) ist,
    wobei die mindestens eine mechanische Schalteinheit (10) ferner eine Trägerplatte (33) des mechanischen Schaltteils aufweist, auf der das mindestens eine einheitliche Schaltteil (14) angeordnet ist und die von der Isoliersäule (12) getragen wird,
    das mindestens eine einheitliche Schaltteil (14) ein erstes einheitliches Schaltteil (14) und ein zweites einheitliches Schaltteil (14) aufweist,
    das erste einheitliche Schaltteil (14) den Stromunterbrechungskontakt (14B) oder den Hochspannungskontakt (14A) bildet,
    das zweite einheitliche Schaltteil (14) einen von dem Stromunterbrechungskontakt (14B) oder dem Hochspannungskontakt (14A) bildet,
    das erste einheitliche Schaltteil (14) und das zweite einheitliche Schaltteil (14) so angeordnet sind, dass die jeweiligen Betätigungsstangen (26, 46) durch den Betätigungsmechanismus (27, 47) auf derselben geraden Linie betätigt werden, wobei Betätigungsrichtungen der Betätigungsstangen (26, 46), die den Betätigungsmechanismus (27, 47) verwenden, einander gegenüberliegen, und die jeweiligen Betätigungsmechanismen (27, 47) einander gegenüberliegen,
    mindestens ein Teil des abgedichteten Behälters (20, 40) des ersten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) in horizontaler Richtung außerhalb der Trägerplatte (33) des mechanischen Schaltteils angeordnet ist,
    mindestens ein Teil des abgedichteten Behälters (20, 40) des zweiten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) in horizontaler Richtung außerhalb der Trägerplatte (33) des mechanischen Schaltteils angeordnet ist, und
    der Stromunterbrechungskontakt (14B) und der Hochspannungskontakt (14A) in Reihe geschaltet sind, um ein mechanisches Kontaktmodul (34) zu bilden,
    beide Enden des mechanischen Kontaktmoduls (34) für den Anschluss an ein Gleichstromübertragungssystem ausgebildet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die mindestens eine mechanische Schalteinheit (10) eine Vielzahl von mechanischen Schalteinheiten (10) aufweist, die in mehreren Stufen in vertikaler Richtung in Bezug auf die Isoliersäule (12) gestapelt sind,
    der abgedichtete Behälter (20, 40) des ersten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) und der abgedichtete Behälter (20, 40) des zweiten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) in jeder der Vielzahl von mechanischen Schalteinheiten (10) durch eine geräteinterne Sammelschiene (51) in Reihe miteinander verbunden sind,
    die Vielzahl von mechanischen Schalteinheiten (10) eine erste mechanische Schalteinheit (10) und eine zweite mechanische Schalteinheit (10) aufweisen, die in vertikaler Richtung nebeneinander liegen, und
    ein Abschnitt des abgedichteten Behälters (20, 40) des ersten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) der ersten mechanischen Schalteinheit (10), der außerhalb der Trägerplatte (33) der mechanischen Schalteinheit in horizontaler Richtung angeordnet ist, und ein Abschnitt des abgedichteten Behälters (20,40) des zweiten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) der zweiten mechanischen Schalteinheit (10), der außerhalb der Trägerplatte (33) der mechanischen Schalteinheit in horizontaler Richtung angeordnet ist, durch eine Sammelschiene (52) zwischen den Einheiten miteinander in Reihe geschaltet sind.
  2. Mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) für einen Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die in der mindestens einen mechanischen Schalteinheit (10) vorgesehene Trägerplatte (33) des mechanischen Schaltteils aus einem Metallmaterial gebildet ist und auf dem gleichen Potential wie der Betätigungsmechanismus (27, 47) liegt.
  3. Mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) für einen Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Betätigungsmechanismus (27, 47) des ersten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) und der Betätigungsmechanismus (27, 47) des zweiten einheitlichen Schaltteils (14) miteinander in Kontakt stehen.
  4. Mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) für einen Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei sowohl das erste einheitliche Schaltteil (14) als auch das zweite einheitliche Schaltteil (14) einen von dem Hochspannungskontakt (14A) und dem Stromunterbrechungskontakt (14B) bilden.
  5. Mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) für einen Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Isoliersäule (12) ein Dämpfungselement (54) aufweist, das Vibrationen absorbiert.
  6. Mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) für einen Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei:
    die mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) in einem Gebäude (6) installiert ist, und
    die Isoliersäule (12) an einer Decke des Gebäudes (6) aufgehängt ist.
  7. Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) mit der mechanische Schaltvorrichtung (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, einem Halbleiterschaltteil (3), und einer Kommutierungsvorrichtung (4),
    wobei der Halbleiterschaltteil (3) ein Halbleitermodul (64) aufweist, das einen Halbleiterstapel (65), in dem eine Vielzahl von Halbleiterelementen (65a) in Reihe geschaltet sind, und einen parallel zu dem Halbleitermodul (64) geschalteten Überspannungsableiter (68) aufweist,
    die Kommutierungsvorrichtung (4) eine Kommutierungsschaltung (80) aufweist, die ausgebildet wird durch Parallelschaltung eines Paars von Zweigen (82), die gebildet werden durch Reihenschaltung eines Paars von Halbleiterelementen (82a) mit einem Kondensator (84), und eine Kommutierungsdrossel (86) in Reihenschaltung mit der Kommutierungsschaltung (80),
    die Kommutierungsschaltung (80) und die Kommutierungsdrossel (86) parallel zu dem Stromunterbrechungskontakt (14B) geschaltet sind,
    die Kommutierungsschaltung (80) mit der Hochspannungskontakt-(14A) Seite von der Kommutierungsdrossel (86) verbunden ist, und
    das Halbleitermodul (64) parallel zu dem Hochspannungskontakt (14A) und der Kommutierungsschaltung (80) geschaltet ist.
  8. Gleichstromschutzschalter (1) nach Anspruch 7, wobei:
    der Halbleiterschaltteil (3) ein Trägerplatte (70) des Halbleiterschaltteils aufweist, auf der mindestens eines von dem Halbleitermodul (64) und dem Überspannungsableiter (68) angeordnet ist,
    die Kommutierungsvorrichtung (4) eine Trägerplatte (88) der Kommutierungsvorrichtung aufweist, auf der zumindest eine von der Kommutierungsschaltung (80) und der Kommutierungsdrossel (86) angeordnet ist, und
    die Trägerplatte (33) des mechanischen Schaltteils mit mindestens einer von der Trägerplatte (70) des Halbleiterschaltteils und der Trägerplatte (88) der Kommutierungsvorrichtung integriert ist.
EP18817267.0A 2017-06-16 2018-05-14 Mechanische schaltvorrichtung für einen gleichstromschutzschalter und gleichstromschutzschalter mit der mechanischen schaltvorrichtung Active EP3640964B1 (de)

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PCT/JP2018/018571 WO2018230224A1 (ja) 2017-06-16 2018-05-14 直流遮断器、直流遮断器用の機械遮断装置、および直流遮断器用の半導体遮断装置

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DE102019212106A1 (de) * 2019-08-13 2021-02-18 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Schaltgeräte mit zwei in Reihe geschalteten Unterbrechereinheiten
JP7188854B2 (ja) * 2020-01-06 2022-12-13 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 直流電流遮断装置
KR102189886B1 (ko) * 2020-04-23 2020-12-11 (주)에너담 용량 변경이 용이한 개폐기
EP3975218B1 (de) * 2020-09-23 2023-06-21 ABB Schweiz AG Lasttrennschalter
CN112635263B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2022-09-13 滁州博杰科技有限公司 一种电磁辅助断路器

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