EP3649425B1 - Zielfernrohr mit beleuchtetem visier und wärmebildgebungskamera - Google Patents

Zielfernrohr mit beleuchtetem visier und wärmebildgebungskamera Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3649425B1
EP3649425B1 EP18733916.3A EP18733916A EP3649425B1 EP 3649425 B1 EP3649425 B1 EP 3649425B1 EP 18733916 A EP18733916 A EP 18733916A EP 3649425 B1 EP3649425 B1 EP 3649425B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sighting
eyepiece
optical
spotting
camera
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EP18733916.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3649425A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Luc Espie
Bruno Coumert
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G1/00—Sighting devices
    • F41G1/32—Night sights, e.g. luminescent
    • F41G1/34—Night sights, e.g. luminescent combined with light source, e.g. spot light

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of shooting glasses comprising a thermal camera and a clear viewfinder.
  • a thermal camera comprising a thermal camera and a clear viewfinder.
  • a clear viewfinder Such a bezel is known from the prior art US 2014/096428 A1 .
  • the solution of the clear sight is particularly appreciated because it offers good precision, while preserving a good perception of the overall situation insofar as it allows aiming and firing with both eyes open and that it authorizes a position of the eye relatively far from the optics of the clear viewfinder, the eye should not be close to an eyepiece.
  • the shooter can keep both eyes open, as the clear viewfinder conveys the landscape without magnification.
  • Aiming by means of a laser pointer, widely used, especially at night, is very interesting because it allows rapid fire in dynamic combat, without the need to align the eye behind a sight, or even to shoulder the weapon. in an extreme situation.
  • the laser pointer remains indiscreet, especially at night. Even when it is a pointer emitting in the near infrared, it is easily detectable with night vision binoculars or even with certain equipment using a sensitive near-infrared camera.
  • Infrared or thermal riflescopes have the same disadvantages but offer some significant advantages: night vision, including in total darkness, improved vision in the mists and smoke of the battlefield and above all the ability to "decamouflage" any hot target .
  • the bezel comprises a thermal camera and a display device.
  • the thermal camera comprises a focusing lens 1 and a photosensitive receiver 2.
  • the display device comprises a micro-display 3 and an eyepiece 4.
  • the clear viewfinder comprises a light symbol 5 and collimation optics 6 and superimposition with the vision direct 7.
  • the bezel of the invention according to claim 1 does not have the above drawbacks. Indeed, several images from different sources are perceived by a single eyepiece of the clear viewfinder type. This ensures several of the requirements of this type of equipment while maintaining a small footprint.
  • the subject of the invention is a sighting or observation telescope comprising, in a single mechanical structure, a camera and a video micro-display associated with an eyepiece, characterized in that the eyepiece comprises an optical combiner arranged so as to superimpose the image of the video micro-display on the exterior landscape.
  • the bezel of the invention comprises a luminous point or symbol and an optical device arranged to superimpose the image of said luminous point or symbol on said image of the video micro-display and on the external landscape.
  • the optical chain consisting of the camera, the microdisplay and the eyepiece has a unitary magnification, the image of the microdisplay being in conformity with that of the exterior landscape.
  • the optical combiner comprises a planar semi-reflecting surface inclined at about 45 degrees on an axis of sight or observation.
  • the semi-reflecting surface is integrated into a splitter blade comprising two flat and parallel faces.
  • the semi-reflecting plate is integrated into a separator cube comprising two plane and parallel faces.
  • the normal to said faces may be parallel to the line of sight or observation.
  • the splitter prism comprises a concave reflecting mirror whose optical axis is perpendicular to the sighting or observation axis, the light rays coming from the video micro-display being transmitted by the semi-reflecting plate, reflected by the mirror concave then by the semi-reflecting blade.
  • the splitter prism comprises a convex entry face whose optical axis is perpendicular to the sighting or observation axis and opposite the concave mirror.
  • the optical combiner comprises a concave semi-reflecting surface of the “freeform” or diffractive type inclined on the line of sight or observation and the eyepiece comprises a convex mirror associated with the concave semi-reflecting surface.
  • the optical device comprises a splitter blade or a splitter cube arranged in front of the video micro-display so that the image of the point or of the luminous symbol is, by reflection or transmission by the splitter blade or by the splitter cube, confused with the video micro-display.
  • the camera is a thermal or low light level infrared camera.
  • the picture 2 shows a perspective view of a sighting and observation telescope according to the invention. It essentially comprises two main sub-assemblies which are a camera 10 and a display device 15 comprising a micro-display and an eyepiece with an optical combiner.
  • the optical combiner is mounted above the camera. All of the optical and electronic components are integrated into a sealed structure 80 which protects them from the external environment and shocks.
  • This structure includes a mechanical attachment interface 85 allowing it to be attached to a weapon equipped with a standard interface.
  • This interface is, for example, a “Picatinny” rail or its equivalent.
  • the structure also comprises a set 87 of buttons and control elements allowing in particular the On/Off controls of the various functions of the equipment, the brightness settings of the video micro-display, the electronic and mechanical settings of electronics for superimposing the various images generated on the exterior landscape. It can be arranged on one of the two lateral sides of the bezel. For example, on the picture 2 , the assembly comprises three buttons arranged on the left side of the bezel, other buttons being arranged on the left side of the bezel.
  • the picture 3 represents a first embodiment diagram of a sight or observation telescope according to the invention.
  • the optical or mechanical elements are represented in bold lines, the light rays are represented in fine lines and the optical axes in dotted lines. For reasons of clarity, only the light rays on the optical axis are shown.
  • the camera is preferably a thermal camera, consisting of an infrared lens 20 operating in the spectral band situated between 8 ⁇ m and 12 ⁇ m and an infrared sensor 25 with micro-bolometers sensitive in the same spectral band.
  • the camera can also be a low light level camera implementing a low noise “CMOS” sensor, “CMOS” being the acronym for “Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-conductor” or an “EB-CMOS” sensor, acronym of “Electro-Bombarded CMOS”.
  • CMOS complementary Metal Oxide Semi-conductor
  • EB-CMOS Electro-Bombarded CMOS
  • the camera can also be a "SWIR” camera, acronym for "Short Wave InfraRed” operating in the spectral band between 1 ⁇ m and 2 ⁇ m, capturing the night light from night luminescence or "night glow” and also offering decamouflage capabilities.
  • This camera comprises electronics 30 for power supply, sensor control and image processing as well as a power supply unit 40 receiving several batteries or a block of rechargeable batteries so as to ensure its autonomy which can be disposed at the back of the telescope, on the observer's eye side.
  • the display device comprises a micro-display 50, an eyepiece 60 with an optical combiner 70 and the electronics necessary for supplying and controlling the micro-display.
  • This micro-display 50 displays an aiming video reticle, optionally enriched with elevation correction elements or symbols or stadimetric graduations. It also displays the thermal infrared image of the scene from the thermal camera.
  • This micro-display may be, for example, an "OLED” display, acronym meaning “Organic Light Emmitting Diode”, an “LCD”, acronym meaning “Liquid Crystal Display”, an “LCOS” display, acronym meaning “ Liquid Crystal On Silicon”.
  • OLED Organic Light Emmitting Diode
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • LCOS Liquid Crystal On Silicon
  • the optical chain consisting of the camera, the microdisplay and the eyepiece has a unitary magnification, the image of the microdisplay being in conformity with that of the exterior landscape.
  • the optical combiner ensures the perfect superposition of the image of the micro-display on the external landscape.
  • the optical combiner eyepiece has various possible embodiments.
  • the optical combiner has a planar semi-reflecting surface inclined at 45 degrees to an axis of sight or observation. This surface has no optical power.
  • This surface can belong to a semi-reflecting blade with flat and parallel faces of low thickness as seen in the figure 8 .
  • this blade can be advantageously integrated into a splitter cube comprising two flat and parallel faces so as not to introduce distortion into the exterior landscape.
  • the normal to these faces can be parallel to the line of sight or observation.
  • the figure 4 represents a first eyepiece 61 comprising a focusing optic and an optical combiner 71 with a separating cube.
  • the focusing optics form the micro-display 50 an image at infinity which is superimposed on the external landscape by means of the optical combiner 71. and 713.
  • the focusing optics of the figure 4 comprises three lenses 610, 611 and 612 and a plane deflection mirror 613 located between the second and the third lens. This mirror 613 makes it possible to reduce the size of the focusing optics.
  • the mirror can be replaced by a right prism.
  • the optical combiner 71 directly reflects the image of the display towards the eye Y of the observer.
  • the figure 5 represents a second eyepiece 62 comprising a focusing optic and an optical combiner 72 with a separating cube.
  • the optical combiner has optical power on the micro-display channel.
  • the optical combiner has no optical power on the direct transmission path. Thus, the number and the size of the lenses necessary for the collimation are reduced.
  • the eyepiece is simpler and less bulky.
  • the splitter cube 72 then includes a concave reflecting mirror 722 whose optical axis is perpendicular to the line of sight.
  • the collimation of the light rays coming from the display 50 is ensured by a group of three lenses 620, 621 and 622 and by the combiner 72.
  • the light rays coming from the video micro-display 50 pass through the group of lenses, are transmitted by the semi-reflecting plate 721, reflected by the concave mirror 722 then a second time by the semi-reflecting plate 721 towards the eye of the observer.
  • a plane deflection mirror 623 makes it possible to reduce the optical size of the eyepiece.
  • the splitter cube comprises a convex input face 723 whose optical axis is perpendicular to the sighting or observation axis and opposite to the concave mirror 722.
  • This convex face 723 has the function of avoid the total reflections seen by the eye which come from the scene and are reflected by total reflection on this face of the prism.
  • This convex face makes it possible to defocus these parasitic images and to push them back into an area not visible to the eye in the firing position.
  • the optical combiner 73 comprises a concave semi-reflecting surface of the “freeform” or diffractive type inclined on the line of sight or observation.
  • the term “freeform” or free-form surface means a surface which has no rotational symmetry. It can be defined in different ways.
  • the semi-reflecting surface is inclined on the optical axis by a large angle which may be close to 40 degrees.
  • the eyepiece 63 comprises a convex mirror 632 also inclined on the optical axis associated with the concave semi-reflecting surface 73 as seen in the figure 5 .
  • This mirror can also be a “freeform” or diffractive type surface.
  • the eyepiece 63 comprises a group of two lenses 630 and 631 forming a doublet, the convex mirror 632 and the concave semi-reflecting surface 73. If the group of lenses has a large focal length, it is possible to interpose between the display 50 and this group of lenses an optical device for folding the beams which can be mirrors or prisms so as to reduce the size of the eyepiece.
  • the telescope comprises a luminous point or symbol and an optical device arranged to superimpose the image of this luminous point or symbol on the image of the video micro-display and on the outside landscape.
  • the optical device then comprises a splitter blade or a splitter cube arranged in front of the video micro-display so that the image of the luminous point or symbol is, by reflection or transmission by the splitter blade or by the splitter cube, merged with the video micro-display.
  • the light point is produced by means of a light-emitting diode placed in front of a source hole, the latter being positioned in the focal plane of the eyepiece so as to be superimposed on the image of the micro-display.
  • This dot is usually red.
  • the light point is fixed on a mechanism for adjustment in translation in the focal plane so as to allow the user to make adjustments of simbleautage of the line of sight materialized by the light point with respect to the axis of fire of the weapon.
  • the display reticle and the red dot constitute two alternative solutions to materialize the aiming axis of the weapon, the red dot being a simple solution with very low consumption.
  • the video reticle makes it possible to generate patterns of various and sophisticated shapes comprising, for example, stadimetric symbols of characters or vehicles providing approximate range finding.
  • the “red” dot therefore constitutes an optional addition to the video micro-display. It also allows a degraded mode with low consumption when the micro-display and the thermal image are out of operation, for example to save the electrical energy of the bezel.
  • a first example of execution of this variant embodiment is shown in figure 7 .
  • a separator cube 90 comprising a flat semi-reflecting blade 91 is placed between the micro-display 50 and the first eyepiece lens. This one has the 60 eyepiece configuration of the picture 3 .
  • the red dot 95 is arranged so that its image, by reflection on the semi-reflecting blade 91 is confused with the micro-display.
  • the eyepiece 64 comprises an optic 640 arranged between the micro-display 50 and the splitter cube 900.
  • An identical optic 640bis is also arranged between the red dot 95 and the splitter cube 900.
  • the splitter cube is an assembly of two prisms 901 and 902 whose common face 910 comprises the semi-reflecting treatment.
  • the prism 902 operates by total reflection.
  • the ocular part therefore comprises, in this order, the optics 640 and 640 bis, the separating prism 900, a right prism 641 which ensures the folding of the beams and the semi-reflecting plate 73 and the doublet 642.
  • the sight according to the invention may comprise complementary modular optical systems making it possible to modify the perception of the external landscape.
  • a magnifying afocal optic with a magnification of 3 for example.
  • an optical module which is invariant in terms of magnification and axis deviation with a light intensifier can be arranged upstream of the combiner. The user thus perceives both an intensified image and a thermal image of the exterior landscape.
  • the first advantage of the telescope according to the invention is, for daytime aiming, to add a capacity for concealment to a clear viewfinder, while retaining the ergonomic qualities of the clear viewfinder which offers a large eye relief, does not obscure not the peripheral field of vision and allows to engage a target while keeping both eyes open.
  • the user has in the viewfinder window the direct image of the scene on which is superimposed on the one hand the luminous reticle materializing the axis of fire of his weapon, and on the other hand the video image of the hot targets present in the scene and likely to pose threats.
  • the display of only hot targets, at the temperature of human bodies by erasing the background of the scene is ensured by conventional algorithms used in thermal imaging, in particular in IL/IR fusion systems.
  • the combatant therefore benefits from a vision merged between the direct vision of the scene and the thermal infrared vision of the target, on which appears the luminous reticle figuring the axis of fire of the weapon when the combatant is aiming at this target.
  • the second advantage of this telescope is to allow infrared sighting at night, similar to what can be done with a conventional thermal riflescope, but with the ergonomics of a clear viewfinder: magnification 1, large eye draw, aiming with two eyes open.
  • the third advantage is to allow the fighter at night to look through the clear viewfinder using the light-intensifying night vision binoculars he may be equipped with, this being fixed to his head or helmet and thus held in front of his eyes. .
  • the fighter then benefits from the perception of the night scene over a wide field, that of the night vision binoculars. This field is typically 40°.
  • the fighter benefits from the infrared vision of the scene around the reticle which defines his line of sight. He then benefits from both situational awareness thanks to the night vision binoculars offering a wide field that he can use with both eyes open, and from the image of the target disguised in thermal infrared.
  • the fighter therefore has at his disposal a dual image fusion system: direct vision and thermal infrared by day, intensification of light and thermal infrared by night.
  • This is effective without adding a specific night vision binocular but simply by using the night vision binocular already provided in the armed forces.
  • This double benefit, obtained from a single, light and compact module, is added to the advantage of having, day and night, a clear viewfinder type of ergonomics which allows rapid aiming, two eyes open, maintaining a good perception of the environment at all times, beneficial for reactivity in a dynamic combat situation and allowing superiority to be obtained in a duel situation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr, das in einer einzigen mechanischen Struktur (80) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Kamera (10),
    - ein Mikrovideodisplay (50), das das Bild der Kamera (10) anzeigt,
    - ein(en) Lichtpunkt oder -symbol (95),
    - eine optische Kombinationsvorrichtung (90),
    - ein mit dem Mikrodisplay assoziiertes Okular (60), wobei das Okular, in dieser Reihenfolge, mindestens eine Gruppe von Linsen und einen optischen Kombinator (70) umfasst, ausgelegt zum Überlagern eines Bildes des Mikrovideodisplays durch das Okular über die äußere Landschaft, wobei der/das Lichtpunkt oder -symbol und die optische Kombinationsvorrichtung vor dem Mikrovideodisplay angeordnet und so ausgelegt sind, dass ein Bild des Lichtpunkts oder -symbols durch das Okular durch Reflexion oder Transmission durch die optische Kombinationsvorrichtung mit dem Bild des Mikrovideodisplays zusammenfällt.
  2. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Okular einen Umlenkspiegel umfasst, der zwischen der optischen Kombinationsvorrichtung (90) und dem optischen Kombinator (70) angeordnet ist.
  3. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die von der Kamera, dem Mikrodisplay und dem Okular gebildete optische Kette eine einheitliche Vergrößerung hat, wobei das Bild des Mikrodisplays mit dem der äußeren Landschaft übereinstimmt.
  4. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der optische Kombinator eine ebene teilreflektierende Oberfläche (711, 721) aufweist, die um etwa 45 Grad zu einer Ziel- oder Beobachtungsachse geneigt ist.
  5. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die teilreflektierende Oberfläche in eine Trennplatte (73) integriert ist, die zwei ebene und parallele Flächen aufweist.
  6. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die teilreflektierende Oberfläche in einen Trennwürfel (71, 72) mit zwei ebenen und parallelen Flächen integriert ist.
  7. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trennwürfel einen reflektierenden Konkavspiegel (722) enthält, dessen optische Achse lotrecht zur Ziel- oder Beobachtungsachse ist, wobei die Lichtstrahlen aus dem Mikrovideodisplay durch die halbreflektierende Platte geleitet, durch den Konkavspiegel und dann durch die halbreflektierende Platte reflektiert werden.
  8. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trennwürfel eine konvexe Eintrittsfläche (723) aufweist, deren optische Achse lotrecht zur Ziel- oder Beobachtungsachse und entgegengesetzt zum Konkavspiegel ist.
  9. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der optische Kombinator eine konkave halbreflektierende Oberfläche (73) vom Typ "freeform" oder diffraktiv aufweist, die zu der Ziel- oder Beobachtungsachse geneigt ist, und dadurch, dass das Okular einen Konvexspiegel (632) aufweist, der mit der konkaven halbreflektierenden Oberfläche assoziiert ist.
  10. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kamera eine Infrarot-Wärmebildkamera ist.
  11. Ziel- oder Beobachtungsfernrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kamera eine Kamera mit niedrigem Lichtniveau ist.
EP18733916.3A 2017-07-06 2018-07-03 Zielfernrohr mit beleuchtetem visier und wärmebildgebungskamera Active EP3649425B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1700722A FR3068776B1 (fr) 2017-07-06 2017-07-06 Lunette de tir a viseur clair et camera thermique
PCT/EP2018/067976 WO2019007973A1 (fr) 2017-07-06 2018-07-03 Lunette de tir à viseur clair et caméra thermique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3649425A1 EP3649425A1 (de) 2020-05-13
EP3649425B1 true EP3649425B1 (de) 2022-06-01

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EP18733916.3A Active EP3649425B1 (de) 2017-07-06 2018-07-03 Zielfernrohr mit beleuchtetem visier und wärmebildgebungskamera

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3649425B1 (de)
JP (2) JP7393951B2 (de)
CN (1) CN110832266A (de)
AU (1) AU2018297577B2 (de)
CA (1) CA3068772A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3068776B1 (de)
SG (1) SG11202000034XA (de)
WO (1) WO2019007973A1 (de)

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CA3199769A1 (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-05 Sheltered Wings, Inc. D/B/A Vortex Optics Viewing optic
WO2023023200A1 (en) 2021-08-18 2023-02-23 Maztech Industries, LLC Weapon sight systems
IL285981B2 (en) * 2021-08-29 2025-01-01 Bar Lev Omer Line-of-sight cargo transport system
US20250035913A1 (en) * 2021-12-02 2025-01-30 Huanic Corporation Sight system based on fusion of infrared imaging, low-illumination imaging, and led sight light dot, and sight having thermal imaging function
CN114251977A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-03-29 合肥英睿系统技术有限公司 多光融合瞄准镜以及多光融合方法
WO2024055138A1 (zh) * 2022-09-13 2024-03-21 合肥英睿系统技术有限公司 组合式瞄准系统及其瞄准镜成像系统
FR3144315B1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2025-05-23 Thales Sa Lunette de visée ou d'observation améliorée
FR3144316B1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2025-05-23 Thales Sa Lunette de visée ou d'observation améliorée
EP4735945A1 (de) * 2023-06-28 2026-05-06 Sheltered Wings, Inc. D/b/a/ Vortex Optics Vergrösserungsvorrichtung mit kamerafähigkeiten
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3068776B1 (fr) 2020-10-02
JP2020525849A (ja) 2020-08-27
SG11202000034XA (en) 2020-02-27
JP2023164827A (ja) 2023-11-14
AU2018297577A1 (en) 2020-02-27
CA3068772A1 (en) 2019-01-10
JP7623443B2 (ja) 2025-01-28
CN110832266A (zh) 2020-02-21
EP3649425A1 (de) 2020-05-13
JP7393951B2 (ja) 2023-12-07
WO2019007973A1 (fr) 2019-01-10
AU2018297577B2 (en) 2024-01-04
FR3068776A1 (fr) 2019-01-11

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