EP3650238B1 - Procédé de marquage des pièces à usiner - Google Patents

Procédé de marquage des pièces à usiner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3650238B1
EP3650238B1 EP18205412.2A EP18205412A EP3650238B1 EP 3650238 B1 EP3650238 B1 EP 3650238B1 EP 18205412 A EP18205412 A EP 18205412A EP 3650238 B1 EP3650238 B1 EP 3650238B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
marking
ink
workpiece
fixing
radiation
Prior art date
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EP18205412.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3650238A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Härtling
Björn Erik Mai
Christoph Zeh
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Priority to ES18205412T priority Critical patent/ES2904878T3/es
Priority to EP18205412.2A priority patent/EP3650238B1/fr
Publication of EP3650238A1 publication Critical patent/EP3650238A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/009—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using thermal means, e.g. infrared radiation, heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/0047—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper by ink-jet printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/0058—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on metals and oxidised metal surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/0072—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using mechanical wave energy, e.g. ultrasonics; using magnetic or electric fields, e.g. electric discharge, plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/0081—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using electromagnetic radiation or waves, e.g. ultraviolet radiation, electron beams

Definitions

  • a method for marking workpieces is given.
  • the pamphlets DE 10 2016 015 772 A1 and WO 2018/065228 A1 each relate to a method in which an ink containing ceramic pigments for a marking is applied to a workpiece before rolling. The marking is pressed into the workpiece during rolling or is melted, so that an intimate connection is created between the workpiece and the marking.
  • One problem to be solved is to provide a method with which a workpiece can be efficiently connected to a temperature-stable marking can be firmly and permanently connected.
  • a marking is applied to a workpiece with the method. With the marking, it is preferably possible to clearly identify the workpiece.
  • the marking is, for example, a lettering, a number, a label, a barcode or a matrix code, for example a data matrix code, DMC for short, or a QR code.
  • the marking is preferably machine-readable.
  • the method comprises the step of providing the at least one workpiece.
  • the workpiece can be a blank.
  • the blank is, for example, a sheet of metal and / or a piece of metal to be processed, such as a cast part.
  • the method comprises the step of applying at least one ink for a marking to the workpiece. It is possible that multicolored markings are to be produced and that accordingly several different inks can be used. Only exactly one ink is preferably used.
  • the ink is only applied locally.
  • the ink is only applied to the workpiece where the ink is actually needed for the marking. A subsequent removal of compared to the Workpiece colored material from the ink can thus be omitted.
  • the method comprises the step of fixing the ink to the marking.
  • the ink is preferably brought to a temperature of at least 400 ° C. or at least 500 ° C. or at least 600 ° C. for a short time.
  • this temperature can be a maximum of 1200 ° C or a maximum of 1000 ° C or a maximum of 950 ° C.
  • the ink can already be pre-dried when it is fixed, for example because a solvent has evaporated.
  • the workpiece is only heated locally in an area with the marking during fixing. Remaining areas of the workpiece are then not or not significantly affected by the temperature effect during fixing. Not significant means in particular that the workpiece does not change in terms of its mechanical, optical or functional properties in a process-relevant manner. If only local heating is generally used, for example for hot forming, then the area of the marking is also preferred warmed up. This means that there can then be several local temperature entries laterally and / or temporally.
  • a fixation process can take place in two steps: First, drying takes place, i.e. the removal of water and / or organic solvents. This step is typically done at room temperature. This is followed by firing and / or sintering for compression, solidification and / or for contrast enhancement and / or long-term fixation of the marking at high temperatures of, for example, at least 250 ° C or 400 ° C. As a result of this temperature effect, a substrate material of the workpiece and the ink pigments are materially bonded.
  • the in particular ceramic pigments and / or the adhesion promoter are preferably sintered preferably also based on a glass, a ceramic or a glass ceramic.
  • the entire component has been heated up to date, which leads to relatively high energy costs and stresses the component.
  • the fixing is usually carried out in an oven environment, which is either operated only for this purpose or which primarily serves a different purpose and can also carry out the fixing of the marking in parallel.
  • an oven is used for a main purpose other than to fix the marking, one is dependent on a position of the printer at or near the oven when printing the marking, or the marking must be so firmly attached to the component in the unfired state that the marking is not lost or damaged by handling the workpiece or by other work steps. This reduces the flexibility of the possible uses and / or prevents relevant areas of the process chain from being able to be recorded with the aid of the marking.
  • this local heating takes place by means of an electrical resistor, electrodes being attached to the workpiece.
  • the information of the marking which is carried by the inorganic adhesion promoter and the pigments in the form of a pre-structured marking and which is preferably applied by means of inkjet printing, is firmly connected to the workpiece or component in the method described here by local heating.
  • the method described and the marking produced with it can be used, for example, in the fields of application of direct part marking of metallic components, sheet metal forming, hot soldering and / or metal casting.
  • the ink additionally comprises an inorganic binder, which is preferably also contained in the finished marking.
  • the inorganic binder is preferably in the form of particles in the ink.
  • An average particle diameter of the particles of the binder in the ink is preferably at least 10 nm or at least 0.1 ⁇ m or at least 0.2 ⁇ m and / or at most 0.1 mm or at most 50 ⁇ m or at most 10 ⁇ m.
  • the ink contains ceramic pigments.
  • the ceramic pigments preferably give the marking and / or a contrast to the workpiece.
  • the term “ceramic pigments” includes glass ceramics which have amorphous and crystalline subregions. It is possible that such a glass ceramic is only formed through the fixing, such a glass ceramic then preferably consisting of the binding agent and the ceramic pigments.
  • an average particle diameter of the ceramic pigments in the ink and / or in the finished marking is at least 10 nm or at least 50 nm or at least 0.1 ⁇ m and / or at most 30 ⁇ m or at most 5 ⁇ m or at most 500 nm or at most 200 nm.
  • the term "mean diameter” preferably relates to a D50 value, that is to say to a median value. It is possible that the mean diameter of the ceramic pigments in the ink is larger or smaller than the mean diameter of the particles of the binder, for example by at least a factor of 2.
  • the marking has a reflectance difference and / or a reflectance difference and / or an albedo difference of at least 15 percentage points or 25 percentage points or 40 percentage points in relation to the workpiece at least in part of the near ultraviolet, the visible and / or the near infrared spectral range .
  • This difference is achieved, for example, on the basis of a color of the ceramic pigments and / or on the basis of a refractive index difference and / or a material-specific absorption difference and / or emissivity difference between the ceramic pigments in particular and the surroundings of the pigments.
  • the marking can be clearly distinguished from a surface of the workpiece, for example by a camera or by the human eye.
  • the marking has a high contrast to a surface of the workpiece, at least under suitable lighting conditions that can be used for reading out the marking.
  • the near ultraviolet spectral range is understood to mean, in particular, the range from 300 nm to 420 nm, the visible spectral range in particular denotes wavelengths from 420 nm to 760 nm and the near infrared spectral range denotes wavelengths from 760 nm to 1500 nm.
  • optical filters can be used which, for example, block an excitation wavelength of a phosphor, so that only the radiation generated by the phosphor due to the excitation is then detected.
  • the marking fulfills the requirements with regard to the contrast and / or a difference in brightness Current standard ISO / IEC 15415, which is required for directly marked components.
  • the ceramic pigments are made from Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and / or ZrO 2 .
  • the binder preferably comprises SiO 2 as the main component.
  • step C) the temperature of at least 400 ° C. is applied for at most 1 min or for at most 0.5 min or for at most 10 s or for at most 1 s. This means, in particular, that an energy source for reaching the relevant temperature in step C) is active on the ink and / or on the marking at most for the specified time period.
  • the workpiece is a metal sheet such as an iron sheet or a steel sheet.
  • a thickness of the metal sheet is, for example, at least 0.1 mm or 0.3 mm or 0.5 mm and / or at most 8 mm or 5 mm or 3 mm.
  • the metal sheet can have a constant thickness or also be varied in thickness.
  • the workpiece undergoes hot forming, for example pressing or deep drawing, for example punched, planar sheets at a deformation temperature.
  • the deformation temperature is preferably at least 700 ° C. or at least 800 ° C. or at least 880 ° C.
  • the deformation temperature is at most 1100 ° C or at most 1000 ° C or at most 950 ° C.
  • the marking is preferably fixed at a temperature below the deformation temperature, for example at least 200 ° C. below the deformation temperature.
  • the workpiece has a scaling protection layer.
  • the anti-scaling layer is designed to prevent or greatly slow down an oxidation of the metal sheet, in particular in the region of the deformation temperature in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
  • the anti-scaling layer comprises or consists of aluminum, silicon, zinc and / or at least one metal oxide.
  • the anti-scaling layer is a layer produced by hot-dip galvanizing or a layer made of an aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • Protective layers made of or with metal oxides such as aluminum oxide can also be used.
  • the anti-scaling layer can also be a protective layer with particles on the nanometer scale, for example an x-tec coating from the manufacturer NANO-X GmbH.
  • a thickness of the anti-scaling layer is, for example, at least 100 nm or 250 nm or 1 ⁇ m and / or at most 30 ⁇ m or 10 ⁇ m or 2 ⁇ m.
  • a preferred composition of the anti-scaling layer is: 87% Al, 10% Si and 3% Fe. The preferred thickness of the anti-scaling layer is between 1 ⁇ m and 40 ⁇ m.
  • the marking is produced directly on the anti-scaling layer.
  • the ink can be printed on the anti-scaling layer.
  • the ink is applied directly to the metal sheet.
  • the marking is still readable, in particular machine-readable, even after step D). This means that the marking is not destroyed by the hot forming. However, it is possible, although not preferred, for the area with the marking to change its shape during the hot forming.
  • the fixing in step C) takes place by means of a radiation flash.
  • Radiation from the radiation flash is absorbed in the ink and / or on a workpiece surface. This applies the temperature for fixing.
  • the radiation flash can be short and last, for example, for a maximum of 1 s or 0.1 s or 0.01 s.
  • the radiation flash is preferably incoherent radiation, but alternatively coherent radiation, that is to say laser radiation, can also be used.
  • the radiation of the radiation flash is predominantly ultraviolet radiation.
  • a wavelength of maximum intensity of the radiation flash is in this case preferably between 250 nm and 370 nm inclusive.
  • infrared radiation can be used, in particular with a maximum intensity wavelength between 1 ⁇ m and 2 ⁇ m inclusive.
  • a component has been added to the ink that specifically absorbs the radiation. This component can also be realized by the ceramic pigments and / or by the inorganic binder.
  • the fixing in step C) takes place by means of induction.
  • the heating thus takes place inductively, in particular via alternating magnetic fields that can generate eddy currents locally in the area of the marking.
  • the heating is carried out without contact.
  • the ink in step B) comprises at least one organic binder.
  • the organic binder is, for example, an acrylate-based material.
  • the binder thus acts as a kind of adhesive for the ceramic pigments and the particles of the inorganic binder until it is fixed at high temperatures. After fixing, the organic binder is preferably no longer present or at least has no function.
  • the ink in step B) comprises at least one solvent, in particular water or an organic solvent such as an alcohol.
  • the ink can be dried by evaporating the solvent. For example, drying in this way makes the ink smudge-proof.
  • the ink can have a dispersant and / or a plasticizer.
  • the ink can also be designed as a paste, for example as in the publication DE 602 18 966 T2 described.
  • the dried ink is preferably composed of the organic binder, the ceramic pigments and the inorganic binder.
  • the finished marking preferably consists of the ceramic pigments and the inorganic binder, which can be fused or sintered to form a ceramic or a glass ceramic.
  • the ink consists of the solvent, the ceramic pigments and the inorganic binder and the dried ink and the fixed marking consist of the ceramic pigments and the inorganic binder. If the ink is free of an organic binder, the marking is less affected during fixing, for example by decomposition of the organic binder and / or by outgassing of components of the possibly decomposed organic binder, which can result in bubbles. In addition, inks without organic binders can be produced more cost-effectively.
  • a shape of the marking is already defined in step B). That is, in step C) there is no removal of material from the preferably dried ink or from the marking, with which an information content of the marking is changed. The information content of the marking is thus already complete immediately after step B).
  • the area with the marking, which is heated in step C) during fixing has at most three times the size of the marking itself. That is, the marking and the heated area are roughly the same size.
  • the area with the marking makes up at most 2% or at most 10% of the Workpiece.
  • the marking is therefore relatively small compared to the entire workpiece.
  • the marking is raised above a metal sheet of the workpiece at least in the area with the marking. That is, the marking can be a relief that rises from the workpiece.
  • the marking is planarized in a step E) after step C), preferably also after step D).
  • This planarization takes place, for example, by means of painting with a varnish.
  • a lacquer can be applied continuously over the marking.
  • the lacquer can be transparent to radiation used to read out the marking.
  • the lacquer is at least impermeable to visible light. If the marking is intended, for example, for reading in the infrared spectral range, then the lacquer can be permeable in the relevant spectral range.
  • the fixing to the marking C) takes place with a separate heating means. This means that the heat source for applying the increased temperature is only used for fixing and not also for other process steps when machining the workpiece.
  • the ink and the marking comprise at least one phosphor.
  • a contrast between the marking and the workpiece can be increased by the at least one phosphor.
  • the ceramic pigments consist of at least one ceramic or glass ceramic phosphor.
  • the luminescent material can be set up to shorten the wavelength of an excitation radiation, also referred to as upconversion, and, for example, convert infrared light into visible light.
  • the phosphor can convert short-wave light into long-wave light. It is possible that the phosphor is in its Luminescence properties is changed. In this way, a quality control can also be achieved as to whether the hot forming has taken place with the correct process parameters.
  • the luminescent material is a thermoluminescent material, that is to say a material that luminesces when a threshold temperature is reached.
  • the threshold temperature is preferably at least 125 ° C or 175 ° C.
  • the phosphor then preferably comprises one or more of the following elements as doping and / or as a component of a crystal lattice or a host lattice: Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb.
  • the thermoluminescent phosphor is particularly preferably NaYF 4 : Er, Yb. The use of such phosphors is for example in the document DE 10 2017 125 006 A1 described.
  • a workpiece is also specified.
  • the workpiece is marked with a method as specified in connection with one or more of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the workpiece produced according to the invention has the marking, the workpiece having a discoloration and / or a changed material structure only in the area of the marking, which is caused by heating to a temperature of at least 400 ° C. in step C).
  • the workpiece is preferably a hot-formed metal part or a metal blank which is provided for hot forming.
  • the minimum temperature for the Determine the fixation of the marking The local discoloration and / or changed material structure of the workpiece on the marking can be used to determine in which spatial area the temperature was applied to the workpiece for fixing, i.e. whether only local heating took place. For example, the local heating is extreme when the marking is fixed in a tarnishing color around the marking.
  • a metal sheet 11 with a workpiece surface 10 is provided.
  • the metal sheet 11 is preferably a steel sheet, for example a stamped but still flat sheet.
  • Figure 2 it is shown that an ink 20 for a marking 2 is printed on the workpiece surface 10.
  • the printing takes place with a printing nozzle 5.
  • the marking 2 can thus be produced in a structured manner by means of inkjet printing.
  • the marking 2 is in this case already produced essentially with its final shape.
  • the marking 2 is, for example, a lettering.
  • the still moist ink 20 can preferably dry at room temperature to give a dried ink 20 '.
  • the dried ink 20 ' preferably adheres to the workpiece surface 10 in a smudge-proof manner, but would disappear again in the event of greater friction or the influence of solvents.
  • the dried ink 20 ' is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation with the aid of an irradiation head 31.
  • the irradiation is concentrated on a small area 3 around the later, finished marking 2.
  • the dried ink 20 ' is strongly heated, for example to approximately 600.degree.
  • the ink 20 ′ is thereby fixed to the marking 2.
  • the irradiation can take place in an unstructured and contiguous manner over the entire marking 2.
  • the marking 2 is then not scanned with a laser beam, for example.
  • the irradiation takes place, for example, with UV radiation around 360 nm with an energy density of approximately 8 J / cm 2 .
  • the irradiation lasts, for example, only around 100 ⁇ s. In this way, thermal loads on the metal sheet 11 outside the area 3 with the marking 2 can be greatly reduced.
  • the radiation used is in particular incoherent radiation, for example from a flash lamp.
  • Figure 4 the finished, fixed marker 2 is shown. Due to the irradiation and the associated increase in temperature in the area 3, it is possible that a color change 6 occurs around the actual marking 2. The color change 6, however, is limited to a small area around the marking 2.
  • a hot forming of the workpiece 1 takes place.
  • the fixed marking 2 can be applied in areas of the workpiece 1 that are affected by the hot forming.
  • the marking 2 is located outside of areas in which hot forming takes place.
  • the legibility of the marking 2 is not impaired or only slightly impaired by the hot forming.
  • the marking 2 can therefore already be attached and cannot be lost with the component in an early manufacturing stage of the workpiece 1 and independently of other process steps. This enables efficient and reliable tracking of the workpiece, even across long process chains.
  • a coating 4 is applied to the workpiece surface 10 in areas or over the whole area.
  • the coating 4 is, for example, a lacquer. It is possible for the marking 2 to be hidden from the human eye by the coating 4, but the coating can optionally still be machine-readable.
  • the ink 20 is applied to the workpiece 1.
  • the ink 20 is composed of ceramic pigments 21, particles of an inorganic binder 22, an organic binder 23, a solvent 24 and a dispersing aid 25.
  • the dried ink 20 ′ is illustrated, which no longer contains any solvent 24.
  • the pigments 21 and the binder 22 as well as the optionally present dispersing aid 25 are held together by the organic binder 23 so that the dried ink 20 ′ is attached to the workpiece 1 in a smudge-proof manner.
  • the sintering and fixing to mark 2 has taken place.
  • the organic binder 23 and the dispersing aid are no longer present or only present in traces which no longer fulfill a specific function.
  • contiguous areas of the marking 2 are preferably formed for individual characters. Within a contiguous area, the marking 2 preferably shows a homogeneous color impression for an observer and / or for a camera.
  • the contiguous areas can be formed as smooth elevations over the workpiece.
  • the contiguous areas are preferably formed by a glass ceramic which is produced from the pigments 21 and the binder 22.
  • the ink 20, as in Figs Figures 7 to 9 can also be used in all other exemplary embodiments.
  • FIGS 10 and 11 are alternatives to the step of heating the Figure 2 shown.
  • contact needles 32 are placed on the electrically conductive workpiece 1, with more than two contact needles 32 being able to be used. Via the contact needles 32, electrical currents are generated in the workpiece 1 in the area 3, which lead to a strong local heating of the workpiece 1 and thus the dried ink 20 '. This enables the fixing to the marking 2 to be carried out.
  • eddy currents in particular can be used in the workpiece for fixing in a contactless manner via magnetic fields.
  • a heating tip 33 is brought close to the ink 20 or to the optionally dried ink 20 '.
  • the heating tip 33 is heated, whereby the ink 20 is dried and heated or the already dried ink 20 ′ is heated and fixed to the marking 2.
  • the heating tip 33 is preferably operated only over the dried ink 20 '.
  • the entire marking 2 is preferably completed in a single heating step with the heating tip 33.
  • Figure 10 illustrates that the marking 2 is formed by a bar code.
  • mark 2 is a matrix code.
  • Such types of markings 2 can correspondingly also be used in all other exemplary embodiments.
  • a separate heating means 31, 32, 33 is used in each case, which is used specifically only for fixing the dried ink 20 ′ or for drying and fixing the ink 20.
  • the fixation for the marking 2 according to the method not according to the invention of FIG Figures 12 to 14 combined with a further process step.
  • the workpiece 1 is provided with the dried ink 20 ', which is only indicated schematically.
  • the workpiece 1 is deformed with a deforming tool 34a, 34b.
  • the deforming tool 34b which covers the dried ink 20 ', is heated.
  • the resulting, hot-formed workpiece 1 with the finished marking 2 is shown in FIG Figure 14 shown.
  • the components shown in the figures preferably follow one another in the specified order. Layers that do not touch one another in the figures are preferably spaced apart from one another. As far as lines are drawn parallel to one another, the corresponding surfaces are preferably also aligned parallel to one another. Likewise, unless otherwise indicated, the relative positions of the components drawn are shown correctly in the figures.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de marquage de pièces à usiner (1), comportant les étapes suivantes :
    A) mise à disposition de l'au moins une pièce à usiner (1),
    B) application locale d'une encre (20) pour un marquage (2) sur la pièce à usiner (1),
    C) fixation de l'encre (20) au marquage (2)
    caractérisé en ce que
    la pièce à usiner (1) est réchauffée localement dans un endroit (3) comportant le marquage (2) et qu'une température d'au moins 400°C est appliquée lors de la fixation à l'encre (20),
    la fixation en étape C) est réalisée
    - grâce à un éclair de rayonnement, le rayonnement dudit éclair étant incohérent et absorbé dans l'encre (20) et / ou sur une surface (10) de la pièce à usiner, la température pour la fixation étant ainsi appliquée, ou
    - sans contact et par induction, ou
    - grâce à une résistance électrique, des électrodes étant rapportées à cet effet sur la pièce à usiner (1).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel
    l'encre (20) contient des pigments céramiques (21) ayant pour effet une coloration et / ou un contraste du marquage (2) vis-à-vis de la pièce à usiner (1),
    l'encre (20) contenant par ailleurs un liant inorganique (22) qui est également contenu dans le marquage (2) fini, et l'encre (20) étant appliquée grâce à un procédé d'impression.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
    dans lequel l'encre (20) se compose en étape B) d'un solvant (24), desdits pigments céramiques (21) et dudit liant inorganique (22) ainsi qu'en option, d'un adjuvant de dispersion (25), le marquage (2) se composant, au bout de l'étape C), desdits pigments céramiques (21) et dudit liant inorganique (22) .
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    dans lequel en étape B), l'encre (20) comporte un liant organique (23) ayant pour résultat que l'encre (20') séchée est indélébile même avant l'étape C), grâce audit liant organique (23) .
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel en étape C), la température d'au moins 400°C est appliquée pour 1 minute au maximum.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel la pièce à usiner (1) est une tôle en fer ou en acier (11),
    la température s'élevant, en étape C), à une valeur comprise entre 500 et 1200°C,
    la pièce à usiner (1) étant soumise, au bout de l'étape C), à une déformation thermique en étape D), et
    le marquage (2) étant encore lisible même au bout de l'étape D) .
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel la fixation en étape C) est obtenue grâce à l'éclair de rayonnement,
    le rayonnement de l'éclair de rayonnement étant en majorité un rayonnement ultraviolet.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    dans lequel la fixation en étape C) est obtenue sans contact grâce à l'induction.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel une forme du marquage (2) est définie dès en étape B), de manière qu'en étape C), il n'y a de prélèvement de matériau ni sur l'encre ni sur le marquage (2) modifiant un contenu informatif du marquage (2).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel les dimensions de l'endroit (3) comportant le marquage (2) qui est réchauffée en étape C) lors de la fixation, équivaut au maximum trois fois les dimensions du marquage (2) lui-même,
    les dimensions de l'endroit (3) comportant le marquage (2) n'équivalant au maximum 10 % des dimensions de la pièce à usiner (1).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel, au moins dans l'endroit (3) comportant le marquage (2), le marquage (2) est en relief sur une tôle métallique (11) de la pièce à usiner (1).
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel, en une étape E) après l'étape C), le marquage (2) est planarisé,
    un vernis (4) étant appliqué en continu, en étape E), par-delà le marquage (2).
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel, en étape C), un moyen de chauffage (31, 32, 33) particulier est mis en œuvre qui n'est utilisé pour aucune autre étape du procédé d'usinage de la pièce à usiner (1).
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel l'encre (20) et le marquage (2) comportent au moins un luminophore.
EP18205412.2A 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 Procédé de marquage des pièces à usiner Active EP3650238B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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ES18205412T ES2904878T3 (es) 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 Procedimiento de marcado de piezas de trabajo
EP18205412.2A EP3650238B1 (fr) 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 Procédé de marquage des pièces à usiner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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EP3650238B1 true EP3650238B1 (fr) 2022-01-05

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DE102021121983A1 (de) 2021-08-25 2023-03-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Keramikbauteil und Herstellungsverfahren hierfür
DE102022207444A1 (de) * 2022-07-21 2024-02-01 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauteilen aus einem pulverförmigen Werkstoff
DE102023116057B3 (de) 2023-06-20 2024-09-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Verfahren zum Auslesen einer Markierung

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2617671B2 (de) * 1975-04-25 1978-06-08 Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V., Ijmuiden (Niederlande) Markierungsmasse für heiße Metallgegenstände

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6660184B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2003-12-09 Osram Sylvania Inc. Phosphor paste compositions
DE102015107744B3 (de) 2015-05-18 2016-07-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Markierung von Werkstücken und ein derart hergestelltes Werkstück
EP3109058A3 (fr) 2015-06-26 2017-01-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procédé de marquage de pièces et pièces marquées
DE102015119618B3 (de) * 2015-11-13 2017-03-02 Hochschule Offenburg Digitaldruckverfahren für Keramikfarben
DE102016015772A1 (de) * 2016-10-05 2018-04-05 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Werkstück und Verfahren zur Kennzeichnung von Werkstücken
DE102016118842B3 (de) * 2016-10-05 2017-12-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Kennzeichnung von Werkstücken und Werkstück

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2617671B2 (de) * 1975-04-25 1978-06-08 Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V., Ijmuiden (Niederlande) Markierungsmasse für heiße Metallgegenstände

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