EP3676364A1 - Verfahren zur einstellung des gehalts von flüchtigen organischen säuren (fos) in einem mit organischem substrat beschickten biogasreaktor sowie mit mikroorganismen beladene pellets - Google Patents
Verfahren zur einstellung des gehalts von flüchtigen organischen säuren (fos) in einem mit organischem substrat beschickten biogasreaktor sowie mit mikroorganismen beladene pelletsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3676364A1 EP3676364A1 EP17778187.9A EP17778187A EP3676364A1 EP 3676364 A1 EP3676364 A1 EP 3676364A1 EP 17778187 A EP17778187 A EP 17778187A EP 3676364 A1 EP3676364 A1 EP 3676364A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pellets
- fos
- acid
- biogas
- reactor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
- C12M25/16—Particles; Beads; Granular material; Encapsulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/26—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/30—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
- C12M41/32—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of substances in solution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for adjusting the content of volatile organic acids (FOS) in the reactor contents of a biogas reactor and pellets for carrying out the method.
- FOS volatile organic acids
- Biogas plants or bioreactors a wide variety of organic substances of plant or animal origin are converted to biogas by microorganisms (MO).
- MO microorganisms
- Biogas is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide and other gases.
- the conversion of organic substances to biogas takes place in several steps, which are catalyzed by different microorganisms.
- Intermediates include hydrogen and various (volatile organic) volatile organic acids (FOS).
- FOS volatile organic volatile organic acids
- FOS volatile organic acids
- FOS volatile organic acids
- FOS are understood in principle all monocarboxylic acids having a number of carbon atoms of 1-6, wherein in particular acetic, propionic, and butyric acid are essential components of a mixture of different FOS in a bioreactor. Mainly these are present as n-isomers, but also iso-forms occur in low concentrations. It may also be, also in lower concentrations, formic, valeric, and caproic acid present.
- a process crash is characterized in that compared to the normal operation of the reactor almost no methane is produced, the pH value is lowered and the FOS concentration increases significantly.
- the concentration of FOS-degrading microorganisms decreases because they are so strongly inhibited that they are washed out of the reactor faster than they can regrow. If this imbalance between FOS degrading and producing microorganisms is too advanced, the reactor must be restarted, this process can take several months.
- Disturbances that can cause a hyperacidity of a reactor are manifold.
- a central cause is the so-called "overfeeding", ie too much biodegradable organic substance is fed to the reactor, where bacteria form FOS faster than they can be degraded by other microorganisms
- Another reason is, for example, the penetration of oxygen into the reactor,
- some chemical and organic substances may preferentially inhibit certain groups of microorganisms, which may enter the bioreactor during charging or may only be released during the fermentation of the organic substances.
- Acetogenesis This process is referred to as "acetogenesis.”
- Acetic acid can be converted from acetoclastic methanogenic archaea to methane and carbon dioxide, and acetic acid can be further converted by bacteria into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, the so-called syntrophic acetate oxidation Hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea converts hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methane.
- the microorganisms carry out these metabolic transformations to gain energy that is used to maintain cell function and growth (biomass buildup).
- the decrease of the pH value in the case of hyperacidity can be counteracted by addition of chemical additives, for example sodium bicarbonate, but in this case the causes of the hyperacidity are not eliminated.
- FOS volatile organic acids
- a process for adjusting the content of volatile organic acids (FOS) in the reactor contents of an anaerobically operated biogas reactor in which pellets which have a mixed culture of acetogenic (bacteria) and methanogenic (archaic) microorganisms are introduced into the biogas reactor.
- the addition of the pellets adds a mixture of key microorganisms for the relevant mechanisms which, as described below, are obtained from running biogas plants or certain sludge bed reactors and thus have a high diversity.
- the pellets have from 0.1 to 99% (cells over the total cell number of all microorganisms) of archaea, preferably 2-95% (cells over total cell number) archaea and more preferably from 5 to 90% (cells over total cell number), and of these archaea contains 0.1-99% Methanosaetaceae and / or 0.1-100% Methanosarcinacea, preferably 2-98% Methanosaetaceae and / or 2-98% Methanosarcinacea, and more preferably 5-90% Methanosaetaceae and / or 5-40 % Methanosarcinacea.
- the determination of the relative abundances of the archaea is preferably carried out with amplicon sequencing using the primer pairs Mlas (GGYGGTGT MGGNTTCACHCARTA) and mcrA rev (CGTTCATBGCGTAGTTVGGRTAGT) or 344f (ACGGGGYGCAGCAGGCGCGA) and 519r (GWATTACCGCGGCKGCTG) or a primer pair with even higher coverage of the existing archaea. Attention should be paid to a correction with the abundances around the copy number of the target gene (mcrA or 16S rDNA) per genome.
- the pellets on FOS-oxidizing bacteria preferably the orders Syntrophobacterales and / or Clostridiales and / or Thermoanaerobacteriales and / or Thermotogales, particularly preferably the genera Clostridium and / or Synthrophaceticus and / or Tepidanaerobacter and / or Thermacetogenium and / or Thermotoga and / or Syntrophobacter and / or Smithella and / or Pelotomaculum and / or Desulfotomaculum and / or Syntrophomonas and / or Thermosyntropha and / or Syntrophotherm and / or Algorimarina.
- the pellets according to a preferred embodiment of the invention 0.01 to 100%, preferably 0.04 to 100%, more preferably 0.1% -100% FOS oxidizing bacteria, preferably the orders Syntrophobacterales, Clostridiales, Thermoanaerobacteriales and Thermotogales in relation to the total bacterial count, with a higher proportion of FOS oxidizing bacteria being preferred over other bacteria.
- Percentages refer to the total number of bacteria.
- the relative abundances of the bacteria are preferably determined by amplicon sequencing with the primer pairs 341f (CCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG) and 518r (ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGG), or 341f (CCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG) and 785r (GACTACHVGGGTATCTAATCC), or 515f (GTGYCAGCMGCCGCGGTA) and 806r (GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT), or primers Mating with higher coverage of existing bacteria. Attention should be paid to a correction with the abundances around the copy number of the target gene (16S rDNA) per genome.
- the ratio of bacteria to archaea is preferably 24: 1 to 1: 7, more preferably 1: 1 to 1: 5, with pellets having a higher proportion of archaea to the bacteria being generally preferred.
- the ratio of bacteria to archaea is preferably determined by counting the archaea after staining with ARC915 (sequence 5'-3'GTGCTCCCCCGCCAATTCCT) in a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and determining the total cell number of the Bacteria and archaea are determined by means of a 4 ', 6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of the cells and enumeration under a microscope or by means of real-time PCR (qPCR) with the above primers.
- DAPI 4 ', 6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- the following bacteria can be present in the pellets, for example:
- Propionic acid oxidizing bacteria such as Syntrophobacter Wolinii, Syntrophobacter sulfateireducens, Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans, Syntrophobacter pfennigi, Smithella propionica, Pelotomaculum schinkii, Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum, Desulfotomaculum thermosyntrophicum and Desulfotomaculum thermocisternum.
- Butyric acid oxidizing bacteria such as Syntrophomonas bryantii, Syntrophomonas wolfei, Syntrophomonas sapovorans, Syntrophomonas curvata, Syntrophomonas erecta, Syntrophomonas tencleri, Syntrophomonas cellicola, Thermosyntropha lipolytica, Syntrophothermus lipocalidus and Algorimarina butyrica.
- Acetic acid re-oxidizing bacteria such as Clostridium ultunense, Syritrophaceticus schinkii, Tepidanaerobacter acetatoxydans, Thermacetogenium phaeum and Thermotoga lettingae.
- the process according to the invention is preferably used when an overacidification of the biogas reactor is present or is to be expected, so that overacidification can be reduced or prevented.
- pellets are introduced in the form of a "depot" which is activated under defined conditions, preferably due to a drop in the pH of the reactor contents below a threshold value of 7.3, preferably 7.1 and more preferably 6.9.
- a hyperacidity of a bioreactor can usually be assumed by a plant operator if the methane content in the biogas, which includes methane and carbon dioxide, sinks or the methane production decreases or the power of the combined heat and power plant drops.
- Reliable confirmation provides an increase in FOS concentration compared to normal operation over a given time period.
- An increase in the FOS concentration is accompanied by a decrease in the pH, but this process is often much slower than the increase in the concentration of FOS, since the reactor content has a certain buffer capacity.
- Acidification of the bioreactor can be determined by various parameters. These are
- the most preferred parameter of the content of FOS or its concentration can be calculated from the sum of the individual FOS or determined as a sum parameter by means of titration.
- the individual acids are usually determined by HPLC, IC, GC-MS or GC.
- FOS is usually given as sum parameter as acetic acid equivalent (HAc) in mg / L.
- the method can be carried out advantageously already at first and possibly unsecured signs of hyperacidity, as already shown with very little Costs associated with and even with normal operation of the bioreactor has no negative impact on methane production.
- the parameters are preferably evaluated in their time course instead of on the basis of absolute values, since bioreactors, in particular also depending on the substrates to be reacted, can have different values in the non-acidified state.
- a particularly preferred sign of hyperacidity is an increase in FOS concentration in the bioreactor, preferably more than 0.05 g / L compared to the median of the past five days.
- Particularly preferred as an indication is a continuous increase in FOS concentration in the bioreactor over 4 to 5 days greater than 0.05 g / L per day.
- the methane production rate is to be preferred over the biogas production rate as an indicator, because biogas production also includes C0 2 production, which can be increased during acidification by lowering the pH and thus covers a decline in the methane production rate.
- Another preferred indication of hyperacidity is the decrease in pH preferably by at least 0.1 compared to the median of the past five days. Another indication is the decline in CHP performance by more than 5% from the median of the last five days, and especially a decrease in CHP performance over two days in a row by more than 5% from the median of the last five days.
- the method of the present invention should be used as early as possible, even if only initial signs of hyperacidity occur or there is only a presumption of possible acidification to reduce opportunity costs by decreasing methane production and preventing a possible irreversible process crash.
- hyperacidity can also be assumed if at least one of the following circumstances exists for the parameters: the ratio FOS / TAC (content of inorganic bonded carbon) is> 0.8 and / or
- the concentration of FOS is> 3 g / L and / or
- the acetic acid concentration is> 3 g / L and / or
- the propionic acid concentration is> 1 g / L and / or
- the ratio propionic acid / acetic acid concentration is> 1 and / or
- the pH is ⁇ 7.1 and / or
- the methane content is ⁇ 50% in the headspace above the reactor contents.
- the pellets can be distributed over time into the bioreactor in order to observe a change in the parameters and optionally to meter them, but it is preferable to add as large as possible and, as already stated, at the earliest possible time such a large amount of pellets. that the FOS concentration in the reactor can be reduced so much that a functioning process biology, measured in terms of methane gas production, can be restored. Thus, a low FOS concentration is achieved faster and thus advantageously reduces the dying or washing out of the original microbial community.
- the minimum required amount of pellets depends on the FOS concentration.
- the pellets are added in an amount of 0.01-90 goTS (dry organic substance) pellet / L biogas reactor working volume, preferably 0.03-42 goTS pellet / L Biogas reactor working volume, more preferably 0.04-20 goTS pellet / L biogas reactor volume added.
- goTS dry organic substance
- the quantity can also be calculated as follows:
- 0.1-100 goTS pellet / (gCSB degraded FOS / d), preferably 0.25-20 goTS pellet / (gCSB degradable FOS / d), more preferably 0.5-10 goTS pellet / (gCSB degradable FOS / d).
- the pellets used according to the invention are preferably formed from bioreactors or in the anaerobic wastewater treatment by means of so-called sludge bed reactors and recovered therefrom.
- sludge bed reactors In these reactors, a range with a high bacterial and archae concentration is formed in the lower area due to favorable sludge settling properties.
- Reactors of this type include Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (EGSB) reactors, Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) reactors, and Internal Circulation (IC) reactors. Pelleting takes place in all bioreactors which function according to the described principle and the pellets are fundamentally suitable for the process according to the invention.
- the decisive factor is the loading with a mixed culture of acetogenic and methanogenic microorganisms, the content of which can vary greatly.
- the pellets used can be produced instead of wastewater with other substrate in reactors.
- the substrate used is preferably acetic acid and / or propionic acid and / or butyric acid and / or hydrogen and / or formic acid.
- all biodegradable organic substances can be used in general, but then increases the proportion of bacteria that are not involved in FOS degradation. Easily biodegradable substrates are to be preferred.
- At low water solubility of Substrates are to be preferred to an acidification precursor which forms FOS and other water-soluble intermediates which are then transferred to the sludge bed reactor.
- Said reactors or sludge bed reactors must be regularly freed of excess sludge, whereby sludge is usually taken at intervals of 1 to 4 months. If no sludge removal takes place in a plant, the pellets leave the reactor via a drain and can be extracted from the process.
- pellets are separated from the remaining sludge or the complete sludge can be used. Therefore, the term pellets also includes pellets that are mixed with sludge.
- the pellets can be used without further treatment, preferably after dehydration (TS: 5-40%) and / or after drying (TS> 40%).
- a preferred drying of pellets is air drying, which preferably takes place at 50.degree.
- An upper limit is to be regarded as variable, since at higher temperatures, the residence time in a dryer decreases. Whether for the respective pellets, for example, an upper limit is set at 90 ° C or higher temperatures are advantageous, is to be determined in individual cases depending on the composition of microorganisms, as at higher temperatures biological structures are destroyed rather, in turn, the drying times are reduced What can be beneficial for the microorganisms in the result.
- the pellets After drying, the pellets lose their water loss, but individual pellets can agglomerate into structures that are several centimeters large. At the end of the drying process there is a free-flowing product, which facilitates storage and transportability. After drying, the pellets should have a TS content of preferably more than 80%, particularly preferably more than 90%.
- the pellets are preferably reduced to a size of less than 1 mm before use.
- the pellets of the invention may preferably be packaged in a polymer for longer shelf life. They can generally be transported unpacked. To increase the shelf life, the product can be stored cool. Dried pellets may advantageously be stored for several months without their suitability, i. their content of microorganisms decreases significantly. The microorganisms are advantageously protected by the pellets from harmful influences.
- the polymer releases the pellets at a certain pH, which corresponds to the stated values for hyperacidity.
- the pH can also be lower, since, as already explained, a prophylactic administration of pellets makes sense.
- the advantage of this variant is that hyperacidity can be counteracted even before detection by operating personnel of the bioreactor.
- Suitable polymers, i. pH-responsive polymers are known to those skilled in the art.
- the shape and composition of the pellets can vary considerably. These often have a spherical shape with a diameter of 0.1 to 10 mm.
- the inorganic mineral content varies depending on the wastewater composition from 10 to 90% of the dry weight of the pellets.
- the main components are calcium, magnesium, potassium and iron.
- lime is included as an essential component, which otherwise also has to be disposed of by the plant operator.
- the lime contained in the pellets also has a positive effect on release by raising the pH value when using the pellets against hyperacidity, so that an additional advantage of the pellets is given.
- mixtures of pellets originating from different bioreactors are used, which moreover have preferably been charged with different substrates in order to obtain the greatest possible diversity of the microorganisms.
- the pellets should preferably be extracted from reactors or biogas plants which ferment substrates with a very low solids content, so that such solid constituents do not lead to FOS formation in the over-acidified reactor. Also, these solids are unnecessary additional weight for the pellets in terms of transportation.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is to extract pellets from reactors or biogas plants, whose substrate mainly consists of FOS. Part of the organic substances to be treated in the UASB / EGSB / IC plant will be converted in a preliminary stage to FOS and other substances. In such plants, the microorganisms in the pellets are already specialized in degrading FOS and are therefore particularly suitable for treating over-acidified biogas reactors.
- the pellets are subjected to a pretreatment.
- this pretreatment increases the effectiveness or reduces the time until activation of the microorganisms in the reactor.
- the pretreatment is preferably to place the preferably dried pellets in an external container containing a digestate or a synthetic aqueous medium until a methane production occurs.
- the pretreatment of the pellets takes place directly before their use.
- the synthetic aqueous medium contains various organic acids, macronutrients, vitamins and trace elements optionally in the form of salts / minerals and / or others Compounds selected from the following group, wherein the pH of the medium, preferably with a hydroxide, more preferably with sodium hydroxide, is adjusted between 6.5 and 7.5:
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the medium is composed as follows, the quantities given being preferred minimum data:
- COD chemical oxygen demand
- OTS organic dry matter
- the invention also relates to pellets for adjusting the content of volatile organic acids (FOS) in the reactor contents of a biogas reactor which have a mixed culture of acetogenic and methanogenic microorganisms, of which at least 50% are FOS oxidizing bacteria in relation to the total bacterial count.
- FOS volatile organic acids
- the pellets are preferably mixed with organic acids, macronutrients, vitamins and trace elements in the form of salts / minerals and other compounds selected from the following group:
- the pellets are encapsulated with a polymer that dissolves at a given pH in aqueous media.
- Acidification scenario To simulate hyperacidity, day 50 to 51 acetic acid (160 gCSB / L), propionic acid (60 gCSB / L) and butyric acid (160 gCSB / L) were fed in addition to the original substrate. From day 51, the original feeding will continue until the end of the simulation (100 days).
- X C4 content of butyric acid degrading MO
- X PRO content of propionic acid degrading MO
- X H 2 content of hydrogen degrading MO
- X AC content of acetic acid degrading MO
- FIG 1 shows the FOS concentration in the different scenarios. Without treatment, the over-acidified biogas reactor crashes (over-acidification scenario). The reduction in the amount of feed is sufficient to prevent a process crash, but at the expense of methane production (see Figure 2).
- the application of the invention and pH regulation lead to a rapid recovery of the reactor.
- the FOS concentration and methane production are back to the original level of the benchmark model after just a few days. Methane production is for a short time higher than in the benchmark model, as the FOS of hyperacidity is also converted to methane.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/071813 WO2019042548A1 (de) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | Verfahren zur einstellung des gehalts von flüchtigen organischen säuren (fos) in einem mit organischem substrat beschickten biogasreaktor sowie mit mikroorganismen beladene pellets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3676364A1 true EP3676364A1 (de) | 2020-07-08 |
Family
ID=60009573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17778187.9A Withdrawn EP3676364A1 (de) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | Verfahren zur einstellung des gehalts von flüchtigen organischen säuren (fos) in einem mit organischem substrat beschickten biogasreaktor sowie mit mikroorganismen beladene pellets |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3676364A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019042548A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114671519B (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-06-06 | 南京大学 | 一种高进水cod浓度条件下修复厌氧反应器酸化系统的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3830582A1 (de) * | 1988-09-08 | 1990-03-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum anfahren einer vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen erzeugung von biogas |
| DE4229986A1 (de) * | 1992-09-08 | 1994-03-10 | Entsorgungs Und Aufbereitungsg | Anaerobe Behandlung stark fetthaltiger Substanzen |
| DE10335961B4 (de) * | 2003-08-04 | 2013-10-17 | Peter Rossmanith | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur anaeroben Reinigung von Abwasser |
| DE102006011951B4 (de) * | 2006-03-15 | 2008-06-12 | Meri Entsorgungstechnik für die Papierindustrie GmbH | Verfahren zur anaeroben Aufbereitung von Abwasser |
| JP5059100B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2012-10-24 | 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー | 水素製造方法及び装置並びにそれに用いる微生物固定化担体 |
| DE102007025155A1 (de) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-12-04 | Is Forschungsgesellschaft Mbh | Verfahren zur Biogaserzeugung |
| DE102008044204B4 (de) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-10-31 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum - GFZ Stiftung des Öffentlichen Rechts des Landes Brandenburg | Verfahren zur Überwachung von Bioreaktoren |
| US20130309740A1 (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-11-21 | Washington State University Research Foundation | Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion Systems Wherein One of the Stages Comprises a Two-Phase System |
| GB2528110A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-01-13 | Breathe Ad Ltd | Mobile digestion plant |
-
2017
- 2017-08-30 EP EP17778187.9A patent/EP3676364A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-08-30 WO PCT/EP2017/071813 patent/WO2019042548A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019042548A1 (de) | 2019-03-07 |
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