EP3677348A2 - Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale - Google Patents

Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3677348A2
EP3677348A2 EP19211099.7A EP19211099A EP3677348A2 EP 3677348 A2 EP3677348 A2 EP 3677348A2 EP 19211099 A EP19211099 A EP 19211099A EP 3677348 A2 EP3677348 A2 EP 3677348A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
classifier
drum
classifying
centrifugal
material outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19211099.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3677348B1 (fr
EP3677348A3 (fr
Inventor
Sergio Alegre
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Netzsch Feinmahltechnik GmbH
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Netzsch Feinmahltechnik GmbH
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Application filed by Netzsch Feinmahltechnik GmbH filed Critical Netzsch Feinmahltechnik GmbH
Priority to EP21190772.0A priority Critical patent/EP3925709B1/fr
Priority to DK21190772.0T priority patent/DK3925709T3/da
Publication of EP3677348A2 publication Critical patent/EP3677348A2/fr
Publication of EP3677348A3 publication Critical patent/EP3677348A3/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal classifier according to the preamble of the respective main claim.
  • Centrifugal classifiers are known in different designs in the prior art.
  • Every centrifugal classifier is a classifying drum rotating at high speed within a drum-shaped classifier.
  • the classifier drum is perforated, perforated or otherwise provided with a screen structure on the jacket side. Sifter air is drawn in from the fine material outlet. This creates a continuous classifier air flow. This usually enters the classifying room together with the classifying material via the classifying material inlet. There the classifier air flow loaded with the classifiable material is swirled by the high-speed classifier drum into a kind of cyclone flow. This first circles around the classifier drum and finally enters the interior of the classifier drum through the perforated jacket. From there, the classifier air flow flows into the fine material outlet adjoining at least one end face of the classifier wheel.
  • the centrifugal classifiers take advantage of the fact that the larger, more mass-producing particles of the material to be classified are finally determined by the centrifugal forces are thrown outwards when the visible material circles in the cyclone-like flow in the classifier room.
  • smaller, lighter-mass particles and therefore centrifugal forces that are only exposed to lower centrifugal forces at the same angular velocity are released from the inward-flowing classifying air from the cyclone-like flow and sucked into the inside of the classifying drum so that they can then be discharged together with the classifying air flow.
  • One way to increase the throughput of a generic centrifugal classifier is to increase the diameter of the classifier wheel and, as a result, to rotate the classifier wheel at a higher speed - since the mere enlargement of the classifier wheel diameter while the nominal speed remains the same means that the fine material that can be obtained becomes coarser becomes.
  • the invention is dedicated to the problem of creating a centrifugal classifier that can be balanced more easily and more easily is easier to maintain and offers the possibility to achieve a better quality of the sighting.
  • the solution is achieved by means of a centrifugal classifier with the features of the first main claim.
  • the classifier housing has at least one sight material inlet, at least one sight air inlet, at least one coarse material outlet, and at least one, usually a first and a second fine material outlet.
  • the sifting air is drawn off via the latter (s), which air is sucked in or fed in at least via the sighting material inlet.
  • the classifier air is preferably drawn through the centrifugal classifier by means of an external fan, which draws in on the side of the fine material outlet.
  • the classifying wheel is formed by a classifying drum and a classifying wheel shaft carrying the classifying drum.
  • the classifier wheel shaft rotates around an imaginary horizontal axis.
  • the outer surface of the classifier drum is perforated in such a way that, during operation, it sets the visible material hitting the classifier drum on the outside of the casing in rotation, whereby further aids may possibly be present for generating the rotation.
  • the classifiable material is set in rotation by the classifier drum, or is accelerated further.
  • a certain one The translucent basic speed is already at the entrance into the machine, whereby the direction changes in the course of the entrance.
  • the outer surface of the classifying drum is perforated in such a way that the classifying air flows through it in a radially inward direction.
  • the fine material outlets are arranged at the two front ends of the classifier drum, with fine material / visual air mixture flowing out of the interior of the classifier drum into the respective fine material outlet via the respective free end face of the classifier drum.
  • the classifier wheel shaft consists of two parts which are not directly connected to one another.
  • the first part of the classifier wheel shaft extends outwards from a first hub, which carries the classifier drum in the region of its first end face, away from the classifier drum.
  • the second part of the classifier wheel shaft extends from a second hub, which carries the classifier drum in the region of its second end face, in the opposite direction to the outside, likewise away from the classifier drum.
  • the term “not directly connected to one another” means that there is no direct flow of force from one part of the shaft to the other - unlike in the case of flanges that are flanged, suffed or z.
  • the two shaft parts are therefore arranged at a spatial distance from one another. Between them is the Classifier drum.
  • the distance between the two shaft parts is usually at least 80% of the length of the classifier drum. This is self-supporting and bridges the distance between the two shaft parts by acting as a hollow shaft there.
  • fine goods in its broader sense does not initially have any size restrictions.
  • fine material - currently optional - also has a narrower meaning and then refers to material made from ultra-fine particles in which 98% of the particles have an average diameter of less than 6 ⁇ m and ideally even less than 3 ⁇ m.
  • the configuration according to the invention has the following consequences: Because the shaft inside the classifier drum is no longer rotating, the unbalance of which is different than the class of the classifier drum, the classifier wheel can be finely balanced more easily and better. It is therefore predestined for higher speeds and is less prone to vibrations.
  • the fact that the classifier wheel shaft, which had previously been running through the center of the classifier drum, has been eliminated means that a significantly larger clear flow cross-section is available for the mixture of classifier air and fine material. While the classifying air loaded with the fine material enters the interior of the classifying roller of the classifying roller at a speed of 13 to 17 m / s, the flow rate of the classifying air loaded with the fine material slows down to 2 to 6 m immediately before the fine material outlet / s. This reduces the tendency of the fine material to agglomerate, ie to clump, by swirling in the classifier air.
  • the design of the invention usually also improves the quality of the sighting because the clear flow cross section within the classifier drum becomes larger.
  • a mostly associated effect is that the transport of the fine particles is improved. After passing through the sieve-like drum shell, the fine particles have more space inside the classifier drum, so less agglomeration occurs after the classifying.
  • the invention is also devoted to the problem of creating a centrifugal classifier which achieves a qualitatively improved sighting result.
  • the solution is achieved by means of a centrifugal classifier with the features of the second main claim.
  • the aforementioned claim proposes a centrifugal separator as a solution, in which a one-part or multi-part guide element is arranged in the region of the at least one coarse material outlet.
  • the guide element is arranged at a minimal distance X from the inner circumferential surface of the classifier housing section that surrounds the classifier drum. It is designed in such a way that visible material, which flows along said inner lateral surface with a radial distance ⁇ X, passes under the guide element and is then discharged centrifugally into the coarse material outlet.
  • the guide element is designed in such a way that, in any case, part of the material to be sighted, which flows along said inner surface with a radial distance> X, is deflected in the radially inward direction towards the classifier drum and thereby approaches the classifier wheel, as a rule more than insignificant.
  • the minimum distance X is measured in the radial direction. It designates the distance that the leading edge of the guide element, which is first reached by the inflowing visible material when it hits the guide element, is kept away from the inner surface area delimiting the classifying chamber.
  • An underflow in the sense of the invention is when visible material passes the guide element on its radially outward side without receiving an impulse from the classifying wheel which changes the trajectory or changes it significantly.
  • the configuration according to the invention has the following consequences: Visible material, which flows along said inner surface with a radial distance ⁇ X, is coarse material that has already separated from the fine material in the best possible way and is therefore ripe for elimination from the screening process. It undermines the guide element and reaches the coarse material outlet undisturbed. Since the supporting effect of the inner lateral surface is eliminated here, the incoming coarse material is discharged into the coarse material outlet by the centrifugal forces acting on it. Since the coarse material reaches the coarse material outlet on the flow-calmed side, ie on the leeward side of the guide member, there is no danger that part of the coarse material will be unintentionally carried back into the classifier space by turbulence.
  • the part of the material to be sighted which flows along said inner lateral surface at a radial distance> X, is deflected in the direction of the classifying drum 14 and thrown back.
  • Coarse material outlet is discharged. Because this would actually deprive the screening process of separable fines, which would worsen the sighting result. Instead, there is a further sighting of the material to be thrown back towards the classifier drum, in the course of which the fine material that has so far been entrained by the coarse material has the chance to separate from it.
  • the guide member preferably partially covers the coarse material outlet or the clear cross section that branches off to the coarse material outlet. Preferably more than 35% and more preferably more than 50% of said clear cross-sectional area is covered.
  • the guide element gives the leeward area mentioned above an extremely effective size and it essentially prevents the visible material from being discharged into the coarse material outlet prematurely.
  • Constructions are particularly preferred in which additional classifier air is fed in at the coarse material outlet and flows out into the fine material outlet via the classifier drum.
  • This additional classifier air could be described as supporting air acting in the area of the coarse material outlet, which - in particular in conjunction with the said guide element - ensures that visible material is not prematurely discharged into the coarse material outlet. It is particularly preferred if said classifier air is not only drawn in passively, but is actively blown in by means of a corresponding blower or from a compressed air network.
  • the effective length of the classifier drum is the length over which it extends freely through the classifier chamber parallel to the axis of rotation L.
  • the usable diameter is the maximum outside diameter of the drum. Fluidically insignificant structures that are purely locally further outward (e.g. flanges) are not included in the calculation of the maximum outer diameter. By building an extremely long classifier drum, the throughput can be increased without increasing its nominal diameter.
  • the passage area increases, through which fine material can be sucked in from the classifying chamber into the interior of the classifying drum. Since the nominal diameter of the classifier drum is not enlarged, the result of the classifying is not negatively influenced. In particular, there is no increase in the entry of coarser grains into the fines obtained, which would have to be compensated for by other measures.
  • a sifter drum that is longer in the axial direction, with otherwise the same parameters (diameter, speed and amount of air), tends to lead to a finer sifting because the radial flow velocity of the air drops through the sieve-like jacket of the sifter drum because of the larger flow inlet cross section. Because of this, only tend to even finer particles are sucked in without overcoming the centrifugal forces acting on them.
  • centrifugal classifier in such a way that at least one, preferably both, parts of the classifier wheel shaft are mounted outside the classifiable material area.
  • the rolling bearings previously arranged in the classifier room had to be protected from the turbulent and therefore highly invasive and abrasive atmosphere in the classifier room with great effort.
  • An arrangement outside the classifier room e.g. B. in the area of the far less turbulent flow of fine material outlet, brings an improvement here.
  • the maximum improvement is achieved when the bearings are arranged completely outside of any atmosphere contaminated with fine dust, i.e. also outside the fine material outlet, easily accessible on the side facing away from the classifying room.
  • they achieve significantly longer average lifetimes which is a decisive advantage at high speeds.
  • the intermediate ring to be discussed in more detail later, in particular for the classifier drum center, has blades of the type mentioned projecting radially inwards from its inner lateral surface.
  • support rings protrude radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the classifier drum in the circumferential direction.
  • Such support rings support the often quite long, but comparatively thin-walled classifier drum at certain intervals, thereby preventing it from expanding like a drum at extremely high speeds and possibly even being overloaded or even failing.
  • the said support rings are formed in pairs from radially inward flanges with which the classifier drum elements mentioned in the next paragraph are flanged together.
  • the classifier drum preferably consists of several, preferably at least four classifier drum elements. These are arranged one behind the other along the common axis of rotation and connected to one another, preferably screwed together.
  • the plurality of classifier drum elements consist of two groups of the same classifier drum elements, since the production costs can be reduced by using the same parts. Under certain circumstances, it is even possible to achieve cost-efficient modularization for entire series, for example by equipping larger centrifugal classifiers with a classifier drum that consists of two sets of two structurally identical classifier drum elements instead of two sets on the one hand two and three structurally identical classifier drum elements.
  • an intermediate ring is installed in the middle of the classifier drum between two classifier drum elements.
  • the intermediate ring has - preferably on its outer lateral surface - one or more recesses for receiving a balancing mass body, usually in the form of at least one balancing groove.
  • Such an additional support ring can support the center area of the classifier drum, which is particularly stressed by centrifugal forces, and protect it from overload.
  • the classifying drum has a deflector lip at its front ends, directly at the transition to the fine material outlet. This extends obliquely radially inwards - preferably at an angle of 35 ° to 50 °.
  • the deflector lip prevents an undesirable classifier air flow from occurring in the shortest possible way, almost in a kind of "short circuit", which flows on the front side of the classifier drum, directly from its jacket, into the fine material outlet. Because such an undesired classifier air flow may only carry incompletely sighted classifiable material into the fine material outlet and thus leads to a kind of partial "short circuit".
  • the wheel disks which connect the classifier drum to the classifier wheel shaft, preferably consist of a rim ring which is connected to a hub shell via at least two, better at least three spokes.
  • the rim rim forms an inner circumferential surface that widens conically towards the fine material outlet - and not only in the sense of a Mechanical engineering bevel, but on at least 25%, better at least 45% of the extent of the rim in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • the guidance of the classifying air loaded with the fine material is improved where it exits the front side of the classifying drum at high speed into the fine material outlet. This prevents strong turbulence due to a too abrupt change in the clear flow cross-section or a abrupt deflection when the flow velocity is too high. Because too strong turbulence at this point could lead to a part of the fine material carried by the escaping classifier air failing prematurely and piling up, instead of being completely carried away by the outgoing classifier air.
  • the length of the hub sleeve in the direction of the axis of rotation is greater than the length of the rim of the wheel disc.
  • the length of the hub sleeve in the direction of the axis of rotation is at least 30%, better at least 50% longer than the corresponding length of the rim flange.
  • first and the second part of the classifier wheel shaft each form a radially outwardly projecting disk flange.
  • This disc flange is preferably located over the entire surface against the inside of the classifying drum Front ring surface of the hub sleeve assigned to this part of the classifier wheel shaft.
  • the disc flange is preferably screwed to the hub sleeve, which not least ensures additional bending rigidity.
  • centrifugal classifier according to which the centrifugal classifier according to the invention also works, has already been explained in the introduction to the description. This is referred to to avoid repetitions.
  • the Figure 1 gives a first overview of a preferred embodiment of the centrifugal classifier 1 according to the invention.
  • the classifier housing 2 is clearly visible here. A of rotates in it Fig. 1 Classifier wheel, not shown.
  • the classifier housing 2 is preferably divided by a horizon flange 3 into an upper part 2a and a lower part 2b.
  • the upper part 2a can then preferably be released as a whole and either removed completely or at least opened up around the hinges 4 and their hinge pivot axis S. This provides easy maintenance access to the classifying room, which should advantageously be cleaned regularly or in batch mode after each batch.
  • a classifier wheel to be described in more detail rotates about the axis of rotation L.
  • the classifier wheel is good at Figure 3 to recognize, it is identified there with the reference number 7.
  • the centrifugal classifier is preferably designed as a horizontal classifier. This means that the axis of rotation L, around which the classifying wheel 7 rotates, runs horizontally in the operational state.
  • the classifier housing 2 has a classifying material inlet 5. Via this classifying material inlet 5 (large black arrow), the classifying material from coarse and fine material mixed with one another is fed to the classifying room. As a rule, the sight goods inlet 5 also functions as a sight air inlet. Thus, at least the predominant part of the classifying air also enters the classifying room via this classifying material inlet 5. Because of the design of the classifying wheel according to the invention, which is yet to be described in more detail and which is particularly favorable in terms of flow, it is possible for the first time within the scope of the invention that Increase product-to-air ratio.
  • classifiers For classifiers according to the invention, it is ideally at least 0.5 kg, or even better, at least 0.75 kg of material to be viewed per cubic meter of air.
  • the optional upper limit is 1 kg of visible material per cubic meter of visible air.
  • Said mixture of classifiable material and classifying air preferably flows in in a substantially tangential direction. An entry directed in this way supports the circles of the material to be sighted in the classifying room which create the visual effect.
  • the sighting material inlet 5 extends in the direction of the axis of rotation L over the major part of the length of the classifying chamber.
  • the classifier housing 2 has a fine material outlet 6 at each end of the classifier chamber.
  • the finely sighted fine material is discharged through it.
  • the discharge takes place with the aid of the classifier air, which is also drawn off via the fine material outlet 6.
  • the fine material is preferably carried out in the tangential direction, which is symbolized by the two small white arrows.
  • the classifier housing 2 has a coarse material outlet 8, which is generally arranged completely below the classifier wheel 7. This coarse material outlet is in Figure 1 symbolized by the big white arrow.
  • a certain proportion of classifier air is additionally blown into the classifier space via the coarse material outlet 8 or the auxiliary air supply 9 arranged there, by means of a blower (not shown in the figures).
  • This auxiliary air supply is in Figure 1 symbolized by the little black arrow. This will in particular fines that are unintentionally in the range of Coarse material outlet has fallen or inadvertently threatens to fall into this area, is transported back to the classifying room. This leads to a significant improvement in the quality of the sighting result.
  • the sifter housing 2 forms a sifter space 10 in the form of an essentially cylindrical drum, which here runs horizontally.
  • the classifying wheel 7 rotates at a considerable distance from the inner surface area A of the drum.
  • the distance A is preferably between 25% and 65% of the outside diameter of the classifying wheel 7.
  • the classifying wheel 7 according to the invention and its precise structure can best be seen from the Figures 6 and 7 explain.
  • the classifier wheel 7 consists essentially of a classifier drum 14 with a classifier wheel shaft 11, which forms its axis of rotation.
  • the classifier wheel shaft 11 is characterized in that it does not completely cross the classifier wheel 7. Instead, the interior of its classifier drum 14 remains free of it, at least 80% of its length, measured in the direction of the axis of rotation L. In this area, the classifier drum 14 takes over the supporting function of the section of classifier wheel shaft 11 saved here, which will be discussed in more detail shortly.
  • the classifier wheel shaft 11 consists of a first and a second classifier wheel shaft part 12, 13.
  • the two classifier wheel shaft parts each end in a wheel disk 15.
  • This wheel disk 15 consists of a hub sleeve 16 which is connected to a rim 18 by at least three spokes 17 , preferably in one piece.
  • the hub sleeve 16 has a length in the direction of the axis of rotation L that is greater than the corresponding length of the rim rim 18.
  • each classifier wheel shaft part 12, 13 forms a disk flange 19 at its end facing the inside of the classifier drum.
  • This disk flange 19 bears against the inner end face of the hub sleeve 16 assigned to it.
  • the respective disk flange 19 thus prevents the classifier wheel shaft part 12, 13 in question from being pulled outward from the hub sleeve 16.
  • the disc flange 19 is also screwed to the hub sleeve 16.
  • the bolt heads 35 of the corresponding, preferably at least six bolts are in Figure 6 recognizable on the disk flange 19 of the first classifier wheel shaft part 12.
  • the classifier drum 14 takes over the supporting function in the area in which the classifier wheel shaft 11 is exposed.
  • the outer surface of the classifier drum is thick-walled.
  • Their wall thickness can essentially correspond to the wall thickness of a hub sleeve 16. It is particularly favorable if their wall thickness is greater than 20 mm and ideally lies in the range between 30 mm and 48 mm, +/- 0.3 mm.
  • the classifying drum is stiffened by the inwardly projecting ring-shaped support rings, several of which are spaced apart from one another on the inner surface of the classifying wheel and which will be discussed in more detail in a moment. The major part of the peripheral surface of the viewing drum is broken.
  • a lattice-like structure can be characterized in particular by the fact that its openings in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis are at least a factor of 7.5 and better by at least a factor of 10 longer than in circumferential view, which can improve the suction characteristics.
  • Each classifier wheel shaft part 12, 13 is preferably equipped as a stepped shaft with different diameters.
  • this stepped shaft (apart from the disk flange 19) has its largest diameter, it is overlapped by the hub sleeve 16.
  • the rim 18 of the wheel disk 15 is designed as a ring which is completely self-contained in the circumferential direction. One end face of this ring lies against a corresponding end face of the classifying drum 14 and is screwed to it.
  • the screw connection is preferably carried out from the outside of the wheel disc 15. Accordingly, the receiving bores 20 for the bolt head in the rim 18 can be seen here, compare Figure 6 .
  • the Figure 6 shows how the inner circumferential surface 21 of the rim 18 widens conically towards the fine material outlet. This expansion is more than just a bevel that is common in mechanical engineering. In the present case, it extends over the major part of the length of the rim rim in the direction of the axis of rotation L.
  • each rim rim On its outer peripheral surface, each rim rim has a type of toothing 22 or other blade-like structures. Together with the housing surrounding them, these form a type of impeller and / or mechanical deflector, which is arranged in the flow direction in front of the sealing gap, for which it is effectively responsible, cf. Fig. 6 combined with Fig. 10 . It prevents particles from getting into this space, despite the air being flushed through the gap between the rotor and the housing.
  • the rim rim is preferably provided on its outer circumferential surface with one or more sealing grooves 23 which form part of the labyrinth-like seal with which the classifying wheel is sealed on its end faces with respect to the fine material outlet 6 - which will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the preferred embodiment of the spokes 17 can be seen from the rear part of FIG Figure 6 comprehend.
  • the spokes 17 preferably extend in a purely radial direction from the hub sleeve 16 to the rim rim 18.
  • Each spoke 17, where it is connected to the hub sleeve 16, is as long as it is, measured in the direction of the axis of rotation L.
  • Each spoke tapers 17 towards rim 18. This means that each of the spokes generally protrudes into the interior of the classifying drum 14 and protrudes outward on the opposite side in the direction of the axis of rotation L beyond the rim rim 18. In this way, the spokes have a relatively large area and can therefore effectively help to make the classifier air rotate.
  • each of the classifier drum elements 14a, 14b carries an annular disk-shaped fastening flange 24a, 24b, 24c on its two end faces. In relation to the inner surface of the classifier drum element, this extends in the radially inward direction by an amount H.
  • H ⁇ 30 mm, cf. Fig. 7 where that Dimension H is shown.
  • the free area that is defined by the clear diameter XX (see Fig. 7 ), depending on the dimension H, must offer enough space so that the flow speed falls below 30 m / sec. Nevertheless, the construction must of course have sufficient mechanical strength.
  • Said mounting flange is therefore completely inside the classifier drum. It carries the screw connection that fixes two adjacent classifier drum elements together. It usually also forms a centering groove or a complementary centering projection 36, by means of whose interaction adjacent classifier drum elements are precisely positioned relative to one another. A precise illustration of such a centering groove and a centering projection identified by reference number 36 can be found in Figure 7 right, middle.
  • a pair of ring-shaped fastening flanges 24a, 24b, 24c screwed together forms one of the support rings already briefly mentioned above.
  • the classifying drum 14 is prevented from expanding under the influence of the strong centrifugal forces caused by the high operating speed in its central region or even being overloaded and failing.
  • a special intermediate ring 25 is installed in the middle of the classifier drum between two classifier drum elements 14a.
  • This intermediate ring 25 has one or more recesses on its outer surface for receiving a balancing mass body, preferably in the form of at least one balancing groove 37, cf. Fig. 7 .
  • this intermediate ring 25 together with the annular disk-shaped fastening flanges 24a blocked by the screw connection, realizes a wider and therefore particularly heavy-duty support ring of the type already explained above. This has a particularly favorable effect, since here the part of the classifying drum 14 which is most heavily loaded by the centrifugal forces lies.
  • the intermediate ring 25 can be equipped with blades 26 protruding further inward in the radial direction, which serve to move the classifier air without disturbing the pressure equalization explained below, compare Figure 7 .
  • the classifier drum was supported by the safety shaft in the area of today's intermediate ring 25 with a disk wheel with narrow openings or swirling spokes for reasons of strength.
  • the resulting lower pressure pulsations inside the classifier drum improve the sighting result, if only because fewer agglomerations occur.
  • each fastening flange 24a, 24b, 24c is chamfered over its entire width, approximately in the manner of a pent roof, as shown in FIG Figure 6 shown. Because of this, two fastening flanges screwed together form a gable roof-like configuration, which functionally represents a sliding slope for the visible material. This reliably prevents a somewhat heavier part of the material to be deposited from being permanently stored at this point during operation and being held in place by the centrifugal forces - as could be the case due to a lack of sliding slope on a surface running parallel to the axis of rotation L.
  • the radially inward end of the intermediate ring 25 is chamfered like a saddle roof and, where present, the inner ends of the blades 26.
  • the classifier drum elements consist of a total of two groups of the same classifier drum elements.
  • the two classifier drum elements 14a meeting in the middle of classifier drum 14 are identical in construction and the two classifier drum elements 14b closing off on classifier drum 14 are also identical in construction.
  • the classifier drum has at its two front ends, directly at the transition to the fine material outlet 6, a deflector lip 27 which extends radially inwards and at the same time obliquely towards the center of the classifier drum 14. This has the function mentioned in the introduction to the description.
  • classifying drum elements 14a and 14b as castings, for example made of spheroidal graphite cast iron, which are then precisely turned subsequently. In this way, the large number of openings in the outer lateral surface of the classifying drum 14 can be produced particularly efficiently. Regardless of whether the classifier drum is made in one or more parts, it applies that these openings are required for the classifier air to enter the classifier drum. In the case of a single-part or multi-part classifier wheel, they are also preferably the sole or at least predominant means for circling the safe air entering the classifier room and the visible material carried by it in the classifier chamber in such a way that the centrifugal forces can develop their separating effect.
  • the guide element 28 according to the invention which controls access to the coarse material outlet, can best be seen from the Figures 2 , 5 and 8th recognize and explain.
  • the guide element 28 can be a blade or - in an optionally further interpretation of the term blade - a guide element similar to a blade.
  • Their main guide surface 29 is curved in such a way that visible material impinging on this main guide surface 29 is deflected inwards towards the classifying drum 14 or is thrown back. Fine material, which may have been mixed in with the visible material hitting the blade 26 and was entrained radially outward, thereby has the chance to get away from it to separate the coarse material and then to be carried along by the visible air flowing into the interior of the classifier drum 14 and to be entered into the interior of the classifier drum 14. This significantly improves the quality of the classification.
  • the said curvature is preferably a continuously concave curvature which tends towards the classifying drum 14.
  • the main guide surface 29 is preferably designed as a correspondingly curved sheet which is held in shape by at least two edge sheets 30 bordering it on both sides, cf. Fig. 5 and 8th .
  • the main guide surface 29 is often also stabilized in its center (measured in the direction along the axis of rotation L) by an edge plate 30 of the type mentioned welded on here as a rib-like reinforcement.
  • the blade is preferably designed in such a way that it does not cause any turbulence - at least no significant one.
  • the extension of the preferably one-piece guide element 28 according to the invention is generally so large that it covers the entire coarse material outlet in the direction along the axis of rotation L.
  • the extension of the guide member 28 according to the invention is preferably so large that the guide member covers more 45% and better 60% to 70% of the clear surface with which the coarse material outlet opens into the inner lateral surface of the drum formed as part of the classifier housing, which Sifter room 10 limited.
  • the position of the guide element is adjustable in and counter to the direction of rotation, ideally continuously adjustable, so that it is more or less when required covers clear surface with which the coarse material outlet opens into the inner surface of said drum, which is not shown separately in the drawing.
  • the guide element according to the invention can be set to the maximum mean grain diameter of the fine material currently required by the classifier.
  • a special feature here is that the guide element 28 is mounted at a distance X from the inner circumferential surface of the drum, which delimits the classifying chamber 10.
  • the distance X here is preferably between 3 mm and 12 mm. Ideally, it can be adjusted, usually continuously. In this context, the distance depends on the number of coarse particles contained in the visible material. If there are a lot of coarse particles, they have to be separated faster. The distance tends to be set larger, so that there is a faster ejection.
  • the distance Y is preferably (DSK-DSR) / 2, DSK being the inside diameter of the classifying chamber and DSR being the outside diameter of the classifying drum. Alternatively, it can be said that the distance Y "should be between 1/2 DSR and 2/6 DSR in terms of amount
  • the guide member 28 forces the auxiliary air blown in via the auxiliary air supply 9 to enter the sifter chamber 10 oriented in the tangential direction. It prevents or reduces the tendency of the auxiliary air to strike the sifting air rotating at high speed in the sifting chamber 10 at an obtuse angle and thus to produce undesirable swirls.
  • the guide member 28 calms the air flow in the area in which the coarse material fails after it has passed under the guide member 28. Because in this area, the guide member 28 creates a lee space, at least essentially, in relation to the visible air circulating at high speed in the classifying space.
  • the focus is also on sealing the transition between the classifier chamber 10 and the fine material outlet 6 on the front side of the classifier drum 14 as effectively as possible. This is important because there is a sealing error on this The result is that the fine material that has already been obtained with a high quality of sight is contaminated with sighted good that has not yet been sighted or has not been sighted completely. This is to be avoided.
  • a non-contact seal is provided for this purpose.
  • the classifier housing 2 is designed as a double-walled region in the region of the sealing point between the classifier chamber 10 and the fine material outlet 6. This double-walled area is in Figure 3 identified by the reference symbol D.
  • Compressed air is fed to the sealing point via this double-walled area D.
  • the actual sealing point shows the Figure 10 in an enlarged view.
  • a section of the rim rim 18 can first be seen here. It has on its outside several, in the present case preferably three, circumferential sealing grooves 23, as have already been mentioned briefly above, cf. again Fig. 6 .
  • the double-walled area carries a sealing insert 31 at its end, near the sealing point, cf. again Fig. 10 .
  • the sealing insert 31 although the seal operates at least essentially in a contactless manner, is preferably designed to be replaceable, since in the long term it is a wearing part in an atmosphere exposed to fine dust.
  • This sealing insert forms three raised, circumferential sealing rings 32.
  • Each of these sealing rings 32 engages in a sealing groove 23 assigned to it on the rim rim 18.
  • the sealing insert 31 is equipped with one or preferably more compressed air injection openings 34, via which compressed air is blown into the distribution channel 33 for the said sealing labyrinth, which has been brought to the sealing point via the double-walled area, cf. Fig. 10 .
  • the greater part of the compressed air blown in flows out of the distribution channel 33 into the classifying chamber 10 and keeps the path via which it flows out free of penetrating visible material.
  • the smaller part of the injected compressed air flows into the fine material outlet 6. The latter is because this part of the injected compressed air is in the way of two baffles formed by sealing rings 32 and sealing grooves 23, and not just one, which is why the flow rate is correspondingly lower.
  • Such a non-contact seal is of great advantage for mastering the high speeds occurring on the classifying wheels according to the invention.
  • centrifugal separator 1 which is characterized in that the separator wheel 7 in the region of its end faces on its outer circumference by means of a contactless seal is sealed against the classifier housing 2, is blown into the sealing air, which - preferably to a larger extent - flows out into the classifier chamber 14 and - preferably - to a smaller extent into the fine material outlet 6.
  • centrifugal separator 1 in which the length of a hub sleeve 16 for holding a separator wheel shaft 12, 13 in the direction of Axis of rotation L is greater than the length of the rim 18 of the wheel disc 15, which holds the classifier drum in position.
  • centrifugal classifiers that meet the claims already made, with the exception that they only have a single fine material outlet on one side, especially when it comes to vertical centrifugal classifiers.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
EP19211099.7A 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale Active EP3677348B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21190772.0A EP3925709B1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale
DK21190772.0T DK3925709T3 (da) 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Centrifugalkraftsigte med specielt sigtehjul

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018132155.4A DE102018132155B3 (de) 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Fliehkraftsichter mit speziellem sichterrad

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21190772.0A Division-Into EP3925709B1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale
EP21190772.0A Division EP3925709B1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3677348A2 true EP3677348A2 (fr) 2020-07-08
EP3677348A3 EP3677348A3 (fr) 2020-10-21
EP3677348B1 EP3677348B1 (fr) 2023-09-06

Family

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EP19211099.7A Active EP3677348B1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale
EP21190772.0A Active EP3925709B1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-11-25 Séparateur de force centrifuge doté d'une roue de séparateur spéciale

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US (2) US11278935B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3677348B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111318456B (fr)
BR (1) BR102019026628B1 (fr)
DE (3) DE102018132155B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK3925709T3 (fr)
ES (2) ES2964042T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI3925709T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE064873T2 (fr)
PL (2) PL3925709T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2728628C1 (fr)

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CN113428561A (zh) * 2021-07-13 2021-09-24 湖南核三力技术工程有限公司 用于烟丝掺配系统的垂直落料缓冲装置
CN118614636B (zh) * 2024-08-12 2024-11-01 广东力生智能有限公司 一种烟叶分拣定级用的翻转分料装置及方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US11278935B2 (en) 2022-03-22
EP3677348B1 (fr) 2023-09-06
RU2728628C1 (ru) 2020-07-30
BR102019026628A2 (pt) 2020-06-23
US11607709B2 (en) 2023-03-21
US20210394237A1 (en) 2021-12-23
CN111318456B (zh) 2023-03-24
US20200188959A1 (en) 2020-06-18
PL3925709T3 (pl) 2024-03-11
FI3925709T3 (fi) 2024-01-11
ES2964042T3 (es) 2024-04-03
PL3677348T3 (pl) 2024-02-26
EP3925709B1 (fr) 2023-10-18
DE202019006202U1 (de) 2026-02-26
DE202019006248U1 (de) 2026-07-23
DE102018132155B3 (de) 2019-12-12
ES2966995T3 (es) 2024-04-25
EP3925709A1 (fr) 2021-12-22
DK3925709T3 (da) 2024-01-22
CN111318456A (zh) 2020-06-23
BR102019026628B1 (pt) 2024-03-05
HUE064873T2 (hu) 2024-04-28
EP3677348A3 (fr) 2020-10-21

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