EP3681390A1 - Structure d'électrode pour mesurer des signaux électriques - Google Patents

Structure d'électrode pour mesurer des signaux électriques

Info

Publication number
EP3681390A1
EP3681390A1 EP18855516.3A EP18855516A EP3681390A1 EP 3681390 A1 EP3681390 A1 EP 3681390A1 EP 18855516 A EP18855516 A EP 18855516A EP 3681390 A1 EP3681390 A1 EP 3681390A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
snap
electrode structure
portions
electrode
body structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18855516.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3681390A4 (fr
Inventor
Tommi TUULENMÄKI
Kirsi VANHATALO
Atte JOUTSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clothing Plus MBU Oy
Original Assignee
Clothing Plus MBU Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Clothing Plus MBU Oy filed Critical Clothing Plus MBU Oy
Publication of EP3681390A1 publication Critical patent/EP3681390A1/fr
Publication of EP3681390A4 publication Critical patent/EP3681390A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6831—Straps, bands or harnesses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/271—Arrangements of electrodes with cords, cables or leads, e.g. single leads or patient cord assemblies
    • A61B5/273—Connection of cords, cables or leads to electrodes
    • A61B5/274—Connection of cords, cables or leads to electrodes using snap or button fasteners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrode structure for measuring electrical signals from a user wearing the electrode structure.
  • Electrodes may be used to sense biopotentials or electric signals being response to a physiological activity of the user. These ⁇ to mV scale potentials are generated by muscle and nerve cells.
  • any conductive material can be used as an electrode, but their properties dictate the feasibility of their use in each application.
  • disposable self-adhesive gel electrodes are used in clinical applications and conductive polymers and knits in consumer sports applications.
  • the electrodes are attached to textiles for example for the short term ECG monitoring, heart rate monitoring and EMG monitoring for example during sport activity and bio-impedance sensing for measuring body composition or respiration.
  • the gel and adhesive in the disposable electrodes may irritate the skin, especially in long term or repeated short term monitoring where the electrode is in place for extended periods of time or the adhesive is detached and attached to the same skin locations repeatedly.
  • Conductive polymers or knits do not offer a solution either.
  • the polymer tends to adhere to the skin and may cause rash-like reddening when removed.
  • the knit's soft and porous structure keeps the electrode-skin interface well ventilated, which is important for comfort, but may lead to poor signal quality. Therefore electrolytes (like tap water) may be needed for the sensor to function well. Electrolyte use is often also encouraged with polymer electrodes.
  • Embodiments of the invention may provide a cost effective, biocompatible, durable and reliable electrode structure for measuring electrical signals being response to a physiological activity of a user to mitigate a need for electrolyte or conductive gel to be used and to provide improved user comfort, such as for both in long term and repeated short term use.
  • an electrode structure for measuring electrical signals from a user wearing the electrode structure comprises a body structure.
  • the body structure may take the form of a flexible and/or stretchable substrate, polymer, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), polyimide material, textile or fabric of a garment like a strap, belt, bra, pants, shirt, sock, hat, armband or wristband.
  • the body structure comprises first and second sides, where the first side points towards the user skin during use and the second side points opposite direction than the first one.
  • the electrode structure may include an electrically conducting first snap portion functioning as an electrode interface for collecting the electrical bio signals from the user during the use of the electrode structure.
  • the electrode structure may also include a second snap portion mechanically coupled with the first snap portion and mechanically supporting the first snap portion to the body structure.
  • the second snap portion may also be electrically conducting and be electrically coupled with the first snap portion.
  • the first snap portion may be arranged to the first side of the body structure.
  • the first snap portion comprises a snap cap and post portions, where the snap cap portion is arranged to the first side of the body structure towards the user skin during use and the post portion is introduced, such as punched through the body structure.
  • the second snap portion may be arranged to the second side of the body structure.
  • the second snap portion comprises a stud, washer, socket and/or eyelet portions, where at least one portion is configured to receive (or be received by) the first snap portion when the post portion is introduced, such as punched through the body structure, for example.
  • the first and/or second snap portions punched through the body structure are pressed against each other, thereby coupling these portions electrically and mechanically together.
  • the punching and/or pressing cause transformation of the material of the first and/or second snap portions (like a post) thereby providing mechanical and electrical coupling.
  • the body structure or at least portion of it may be located between the first and second snap portions after the coupling.
  • the first snap portion comprises a snap cap and/or post, which is punched through the body structure against the second snap portion.
  • the second snap portion may include a stud, washer, socket and/or eyelet.
  • the second snap portion may comprise a post, which is punched through the body structure against the snap cap, for example.
  • the electrode structure may also comprise an electrically conductive conductor, which is electrically coupled with the first and/or second snap portions.
  • the electrically conductive conductor may take the form of a printed trace or conductor or electrically conductive ink, for example silver ink, or conductive fabric as an example.
  • first and/or second snap portions may also be punched through the electrically conductive conductor to press and secure the electrically conductive conductor between the first and/or second snap portions. In this way an electric coupling can be ensured between the electrically conductive conductor and the first and/or second snap portions.
  • the electrode structure may comprise an electrically conducting interface portion arranged between the first and second snap portions, or more specifically between the body structure and the second snap portion.
  • the interface portion may be electrically coupled to the first and/or second snap portions, and include an electrically conducting fabric, woven or knit fabric, textile, carbon nanotubes or polymer, like TPU or silicone, or electrically conductive ink, for example.
  • the interface portion can be used to secure electric connection between the electrically conductive conductor and the first and/or second snap portions by placing the interface portion in connection with the electrically conductive conductor and the first and/or second snap portions.
  • the diameter of the interface portion may be greater than the diameter of the first and/or second snap portions. In such a case the interface portion may extend over the first and/or second snap portions and thereby secure and ensure the electric contact between the portions.
  • the interface portion may also be arranged to extend other way over the peripheral area of the first and/or second snap portions, such as taking a form of a drop or ellipse extending from the first and/or second snap portions towards to the electrically conductive conductor.
  • the second snap portion may be configured to form a snap output connector for an external device having a counterpart snap portion and thereby be coupled with said snap output connector, such as in a detachable manner.
  • a snap faster or press-stud like device which is in this invention used as the first and second snap portions.
  • the external device might be a transmitter, for example, however not limiting to this only.
  • the first snap portion such as a snap cap portion can be used for measuring the electrical signals
  • the second snap portions such as a socket or the like, can be used to output the detected electrical signal from the electrode structure.
  • the first and second snap portions may be electrically coupled with each other for example by directly mechanically coupling and connecting them with each other.
  • the external device to be coupled with the output connector may be e.g. a heart rate measurement unit or a wireless data transmitter to transmit measured data in a wireless way to another device, such as a watch or mobile phone.
  • the electrode structure may include a cover portion for example for providing mechanical protection, which may be arranged on the second side of the body structure. At least a portion of the second snap portion may be punched also through the cover portion thereby providing a snap output connector for transmitting sensed or measured electrical bio signals from the first snap portion to the snap output connector, and thereby for example to the external device, such as to the wireless data transmitter connected to the second snap portion.
  • materials and/or manufacturing methods of the interface portion may be selected so that the modulus of elasticity, such as flexibility and/or stretchability of the interface portion is greater than the corresponding modulus of elasticity, such as the flexibility and/or stretchability of the first and/or second snap portions, body structure and/or the corresponding modulus of elasticity, such as flexibility and/or stretchability of the electrically conductive conductor.
  • the flexibility and stretchability relate to or can be measured e.g. by modulus of elasticity of the material [measured e.g. by N/m 2 ].
  • the first and second snap portions can be implemented by stainless steel electrodes integrated into garments or other body structures.
  • stainless steel electrodes have proved to be user acceptable when the garment is in use.
  • the stainless steel alloys may be biocompatible (e.g. AISI 304, 316), and made of common and cost effective materials.
  • sheet metal manufacturing methods can be used to produce the stainless steel electrode parts, the parts can be attached using existing snap punching techniques, and the stainless steel electrodes can be used to record sufficient quality data (tested e.g., in ECG/HR, EEG and bioimpedance).
  • the stainless steel electrode parts can be made very small and larger semi-flexible electrode surfaces can be formed by placing multiple stainless steel electrodes parts side-by-side and connecting those to the same signal conductor inside the garment.
  • an exemplary manufacturing method of the electrode structure may include the following steps and portions.
  • the parts can include but are not limited to snap cap, post and washer.
  • the snap cap and post can be fixed together by stamping and/or pressing, for example.
  • cover textile adhesive membrane, conductor (conductive textile, conductive polymer, conductive ink print or similar), adhesive membrane, and cover textile.
  • a hole may be cut or made to the skin side textile, adhesive and conductor, through which the post is pushed.
  • the washer can be placed on the post and punched such that the snap cap and post are mechanically fixed to the material stack. A reliable electrical connection may thus be formed between the stainless steel electrode part and the conductor.
  • An outside cover textile with an adhesive membrane may be placed on top of other components described here and heat bonded to the assembly.
  • Conventional lamination and punching methods used in the textile industry are suitable. Therefore additional cost and effort may be mitigated.
  • ECG measurements several electrode materials are tested. In the latter the measurements were made intermittently at 0 h, 24 h and 48 h.
  • the tested materials were conductive polymer, silver knit, stainless steel, silver plated flex, platinum plated flex.
  • the electrodes were placed on the skin without skin preparation or electrolyte. Stainless steel showed the highest ECG signal-to-noise ratio in the 10 min measurement.
  • the electrodes' impedances were measured from their connectors after clamping them face-to-face. Measurements were performed before and after SFS-EN ISO 6330 machine washing test. All metal-based materials had impedances in the range of tens of milliohms to ohms before and after washing.
  • the conductive polymer was -300 ohms before and 1000 ohms after washing. In microscope viewing before and after washing the other materials showed some scratching, whereas the stainless steel had no visible changes.
  • stainless steel performs well in short and long term measurements and retains its form and low impedance in machine washing.
  • the present invention offers numerous advantages over the known prior art, such that it is easy to implement to almost any garment ranging from outerwear to underwear, electrode elements can be tiled to form larger measuring surfaces, and snap punching can be used to form an electrical connection between the stainless steel electrode and various electrically conductive materials (conductive polymer, conductive knit, printed wiring, traditional (copper) wire).
  • the snap punching/attachment is a widely applied and cost effective method e.g. in punching conventional snap fasteners or stud-like devices in a conventional clothing industry.
  • the stainless steel parts are cost effective when produced in mass, and stainless steel is a common material, and its properties are well known.
  • stainless steel is skin friendly, biocompatible, and medical grade. Still stainless steel is chemically very stable, there is no staining, or colour change etc. Additionally stainless steel electrodes do not restrict the use or care (e.g. washing / chemical wash / autoclave) of the garment.
  • the electrode structure such as the garment or the like, having the electrode structure according to the invention can be used and machine washed as regular clothing.
  • stainless steel electrode-to-conductor interface materials do not need to be specially prepared, for example no additional solvents, glues, adhesives or the like are needed before punching, nor do they need special shielding materials after punching.
  • the provided mechanical contact is enough to produce a well conducting path from the stainless steel part to the conductor material.
  • the electrode structure or a product having the electrode structure according to the invention can be sold as a modular approach.
  • the measurement and operation is reliable offering high SNR even without electrolyte, provided that the surface area is large enough relative to the activity level. Further especially the electrodes according to the invention are robust, and does not wear or scratch easily (so is mechanically stable).
  • Figures 1A-1 G illustrate a principle of an exemplary electrode structure for measuring electrical bio signals according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention
  • Figures 2-6 illustrate exemplary electrode structure for measuring electrical bio signals according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention.
  • Electrode structure 100 includes a body structure 103 with first and second sides 103A, 103B, and electrically conducting first snap portions 101 , 101 A and second snap portions 102, 102A.
  • the exemplary first snap portion 101 includes a snap cap portion 101 B and post portion 101 C.
  • the post portion 101 C is punched through an aperture 108 in the body structure 103, and pressed against the second portion 102/102A thereby coupling the portions electrically and mechanically together.
  • the body structure 103 or at least portion of it, may be arranged between the first and second snap portions 101 , 102 after they are pressed, fit or otherwise mechanically coupled to one another.
  • the form of the first and second snap portion 101/101 A and 102/102A may vary.
  • the snap portions may be made of steel and have forms illustrated in Figures, like circular forms, but may naturally vary not limiting to those examples only.
  • the first snap portion 101 may function as a skin electrode or interface for collecting the electrical bio signals via contact with the user skin during the use of said electrode structure.
  • Snap portion 101 is shown arranged to the first side 103A of the body structure 103.
  • the second snap portion 102/102A is mechanically and electrically coupled with the first snap portion 101 and mechanically supports the first snap portion 101 to the body structure 103.
  • the second snap portion 102/102A is shown arranged to the second side 103B of the body structure 103.
  • the electrically coupling between the first and second snap portions 101 , 102 / 102A is implemented by directly coupling the first and second snap portions 101 , 102 / 102A with each other (as is the case in Figures 1A-D).
  • the second snap portion 102 / 102A may function as a snap output connector for an external device, such as a wireless transmitter or the like, having a counterpart snap portion on a connector therefore and thereby to be coupled with said snap output connector, such as in a detachable manner
  • Figures 1 E-1 G still illustrate examples of how the portion of the electrode structure 100 can also be implemented, where the snap portion comprises an open prong ring 101 D and post portion 101 C, as well as a capped prong ring 101 E and a socket 101 F.
  • electrode structures 100 are shown to additionally include an electrically conductive conductor 105, such as a printed conductor or a copper wire or other conductor discussed in this document.
  • Conductor 105 may be electrically coupled between the first and/or second snap portions 101 , 102, such as by being mechanically arranged between the first and second snap portions 101 / 101 A, 102 / 102A, as is the case in Figures 3 and 4, for example.
  • the coupling may be implemented by punching the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101 A, 102 / 102A through the body structure 103and electrically conductive conductor 105.
  • Conductor 105 may thus be pressed tightly between the first and second snap portions 101 / 101A, 102 / 102A and secured mechanically and electrically between the conductor 105 and the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101 A, 102 / 102A.
  • Electrode structure 100 may also include an electrically conducting interface portion 104 as can be seen, e.g., in Figures 4 and 6.
  • the interface portion 104 may be arranged between the first 101 and second 102 snap portions, or more specifically between the body structure 103 and the second 102 snap portion. In addition interface portion 104 is electrically coupled to the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101A, 102 / 102A. The interface portion 104 may be used to secure electric connection between the electrically conductive conductor 105 and the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101 A, 102 / 102A by placing the interface portion 104 in connection with the electrically conductive conductor 105 and the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101A, 102 / 102A.
  • the diameter of the interface portion 104 is greater than the diameter of the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101 A, 102 / 102A so that the interface portion 104 extends over the first and/or second snap portions 101 / 101 A, 102 / 102A and thereby ensure the electric contact between the portions.
  • Electrode structure 100 may also include cover portions 106, 107, as is shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 6.
  • the cover 106 may be arranged on the second side of the body structure 103.
  • Another cover (not shown) may be arranged to the first side of the body structure 103.
  • body structure 103 may function as a cover enough against the skin of the user and all the conductors and electrical elements or devices may be arranged to the second side of the body structure 103.
  • the cover portion 106 is included, at least portion 102A of the second snap portion 102 may be punched through the cover portion 106 thereby providing for example a snap output connector 102A for transmitting the sensed or measured electrical bio signals from the first snap portion 101 to the snap output connector 102A.
  • the electrode structure may include more than one first and second snap portions 101 , 102 and thereby more than one measuring electrode, as is depicted in Figure 5 and 6, for example.
  • the snap portions 101 , 102 e.g., stainless steel electrode parts
  • the snap portions 101 , 102 can be made very small and thereby larger semi-flexible electrode surfaces can be formed by placing multiple first and second snap portions 101 , 102 side-by-side and connecting those to the same signal conductor inside the structure, like a garment, for example.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure d'électrode (100) pour mesurer des signaux biologiques électriques comprenant une structure de corps (103) ayant un premier et un second côté (103A, 103B), et une première (101) et une seconde (102) partie d'encliquetage. La première partie d'encliquetage (101) est typiquement disposée au niveau du premier côté (103A) de la structure de corps (103) et disposée pour fonctionner comme interface d'électrode afin de collecter les signaux biologiques électriques de l'utilisateur durant l'utilisation de la structure d'électrode. La seconde partie d'encliquetage (102) est disposée au niveau du second côté (103B) de la structure de corps (103). La première et/ou la seconde partie d'encliquetage (101, 102) sont avantageusement introduites, afin d'effectuer une perforation à travers ladite structure de corps (103) et comprimées et électriquement et mécaniquement accouplées ensemble de sorte que la structure de corps (103) est située entre ladite première et/ou seconde partie d'encliquetage (101, 102).
EP18855516.3A 2017-09-14 2018-09-13 Structure d'électrode pour mesurer des signaux électriques Pending EP3681390A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20175817A FI20175817A1 (en) 2017-09-14 2017-09-14 An electrode structure for measuring electrical signals
PCT/FI2018/050658 WO2019053331A1 (fr) 2017-09-14 2018-09-13 Structure d'électrode pour mesurer des signaux électriques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3681390A1 true EP3681390A1 (fr) 2020-07-22
EP3681390A4 EP3681390A4 (fr) 2021-06-23

Family

ID=65723936

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18855516.3A Pending EP3681390A4 (fr) 2017-09-14 2018-09-13 Structure d'électrode pour mesurer des signaux électriques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3681390A4 (fr)
FI (1) FI20175817A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019053331A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111067519B (zh) * 2020-01-10 2025-10-17 飞矩科技(上海)有限公司 用于采集肌电信号的弹力腕带及其制备方法
CN111643078A (zh) * 2020-04-20 2020-09-11 南京航空航天大学 一种便携式检测腰带
EP3928692A1 (fr) * 2020-06-26 2021-12-29 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Dispositif de capteur pour mesures de potentiel et d'impédance
CN113576445A (zh) * 2021-09-03 2021-11-02 深圳融昕医疗科技有限公司 应用于电阻抗成像设备的电极带及电阻抗成像设备
WO2026065125A1 (fr) * 2024-09-27 2026-04-02 艾森德技术有限公司 Dispositif de surveillance de signaux physiologiques

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US4608987A (en) * 1982-12-03 1986-09-02 Physioventures, Inc. Apparatus for transmitting ECG data
US8886281B2 (en) * 2006-06-08 2014-11-11 Suunto Oy Snap and electrode assembly for a heart rate monitor belt
KR100863064B1 (ko) * 2007-08-03 2008-10-13 한국전자통신연구원 생체 신호 측정용 의복 및 그 제조 방법
KR101189645B1 (ko) * 2010-05-13 2012-10-12 주식회사 솔미테크 홈 케어 헬스넷 시스템
KR20140088390A (ko) * 2013-01-02 2014-07-10 (주) 태웅메디칼 생체신호 측정용 패치형 전극
US10973452B2 (en) * 2015-02-27 2021-04-13 Icentia Inc. Wearable physiological data acquirer and methods of using same
TWM506893U (zh) * 2015-03-20 2015-08-11 Zentan Technology Co Ltd 扣接結構及具有提升導電穩定性之扣接結構的生理訊號偵測帶
CN108370645A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2018-08-03 加拿大奥美信智能穿戴有限公司 生物感测服装

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20175817A1 (en) 2019-03-15
WO2019053331A1 (fr) 2019-03-21
EP3681390A4 (fr) 2021-06-23

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