Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
  • C03B3/005—Charging the melting furnaces using screw feeders
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
  • C03B5/167—Means for preventing damage to equipment, e.g. by molten glass, hot gases, batches
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D3/08—Screw feeders; Screw dischargers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a furnace for glass furnace, an installation incorporating such a furnace and such a charger, and the use of such an installation for the melting of a composition of vitrifiable materials. More specifically, flat-glass forming plants such as float or rolling mills, but also hollow-glass forming plants of the bottle-and-bottle type, and more particularly fiber-glass forming installations of the type of mineral wool, are particularly targeted. thermal or sound insulation or reinforcing textile glass threads.
• the invention also relates to a control system of such a charger and the control method, the computer program and the associated computer recording medium.
• vitrifiable materials are generally of the oxide type, and generally comprise at least 30% by weight of silica, such as a glass or a silicate such as an alkali and / or alkaline earth silicate.
• silica such as a glass or a silicate such as an alkali and / or alkaline earth silicate.
• the glass may especially be silicosodocalcique or be rock often called "black glass" by the skilled person.
• vitrifiable materials and “raw materials” are therefore intended to include the materials necessary to obtain a vitreous (or ceramic or glass-ceramic) matrix, such as silicic sand, rock, blast furnace slags, but also all additives (refining additives), deconstruction waste (including mineral fibers), all liquid or solid fuels (composite or non-composite plastics, organic materials, coals), and all types of cullet.
• silicic sand, rock, blast furnace slags but also all additives (refining additives), deconstruction waste (including mineral fibers), all liquid or solid fuels (composite or non-composite plastics, organic materials, coals), and all types of cullet.
• deconstruction waste including mineral fibers
• liquid or solid fuels composite or non-composite plastics, organic materials, coals
• cullet all types of cullet.
• Loading devices also called “feeders”, classically belong to one of two groups:
• a charger including:
• a member for conveying the composition to the oven in the direction of charging this conveying member being at least partially arranged in the sheath, and
• a motorized drive unit of said routing member is
• This conveying member may be a piston, as described in the patent document WO2016 / 120351A, or one or more endless screws, as described in the patent document WO2013 / 132184, the body of the charger then being for example of single-screw or conventional double-screw extruder type.
• the member for conveying the composition to the oven is set in translational (in the case of a piston) or rotary (in the case of a screw) movement by a motorized drive unit, which may include one or more engines.
• a mechanical resistance generated in particular by the composition being conveyed opposes the work provided by the routing member.
• This resistance increases with the hardness and the granulometry of the composition, the thickness of the plug and its grip at the entrance of the melting chamber, with the height and the viscosity of the glass bath pressing on the plug, or so that 'with the pressure of the combustion laboratory gases.
• the increase of this resistance generates a rise in power of the drive motor.
• the drop in the mechanical resistance opposed by the vitrifiable composition to the work of the conveyor generally indicates excessive thinning of the plug.
• the charger is then exposed to interference in the sheath of combustion gas and / or liquid glass from the furnace, event called "return gas / glass" in the following text.
• return gas / glass Such a return of gas or glass is to be avoided at all costs since it tends to heat the vitrifiable matter within the scabbard. This causes rapid deterioration of the components of the charger that are not suitable for exposure to such high temperatures. This rise in temperature also increases the risk of flaring vitrifiable materials and even explosion.
• the release of such gases in the atmosphere is also a risk for an operator, given the toxicity of the gases in question, as well as for the environment, because of their polluting nature.
• the resistance of the agglomerate of bake materials to gas / glass interfering from the furnace also referred to as "gas / glass return seal" in this text, varies significantly not only in terms of The thickness of this agglomerate, but also according to the hardness and particle size of the materials that compose it, as well as the height and the viscosity of the glass bath pressuring the plug.
• a loader sized for a given composition will therefore not be or poorly suited to the charging of a composition of different nature and / or the charging of the same composition in a glass bath of different viscosity and / or height .
• the proposed technique relates to a charger for charging a composition of vitrifiable materials in a melting furnace thereof, said furnace comprising at least:
• a sleeve defining a direction of charging of the composition in the oven
• a member for conveying the composition to the oven in the direction of charging this conveying member being at least partly arranged in the sheath,
• said charger being characterized in that it comprises at least one injector adapted to inject a fluid into said sheath.
• fluid designates any type of fluid composed of one or more elements in the gaseous and / or liquid state.
• An injector according to the invention is adapted to inject such a fluid directly into the sheath or indirectly through another component of the charger.
• Such an injector is adapted to be arranged in fluid communication with a distribution network or any other source of fluid supply.
• the invention is thus based on a novel and inventive concept of providing a charger to mitigate the risks of return gas / liquid glass while providing the routing member and being adaptable to the variable conditions of implementation of the invention. kiln furniture.
• a human operator and / or machine thus has the possibility of varying the pressure within the sleeve as a function of the charging conditions, in order to maintain a satisfactory level of sealing against the return of combustion gases and / or molten glass. .
• Such an injector can also be implemented in a charging machine comprising a short length sheath, compared to the standard size sheaths, the risks of gas / glass return related to the reduced thickness of the agglomerate. raw materials being compensated by an increased pressure within the sheath, due to the injection of fluid.
• the injection of fluid into the sheath can be performed:
• the conveying member is a worm movable in rotation about the direction of charging.
• said fluid is a gas, preferably air.
• the air has the advantages of not being toxic for an operator controlling the charger / oven, and to limit the risks of alteration of the composition of the glass bath and / or increase of the concentration of toxic agents within exhaust gas.
• said fluid is a liquid, preferably water.
• said charger comprises a device for measuring at least one value of a physical variable impacted by the operation of the charger, said physical variable being preferably chosen from:
• the concentration of gas resulting from combustion within the sheath for example carbon dioxide, dioxygen, methane and / or carbon monoxide,
• the implementation of a measuring device makes it possible to monitor in real time the proper operation of the charger in order, if necessary, to regulate the pressure by injecting gas into the sheath.
• this measuring device is coupled to a human-machine interface adapted to communicate to an operator the measured value of said physical variable.
• the latter can then make the decision to inject a given quantity of fluid into the sheath, manually or with the assistance of a dedicated device, while ensuring that this pressure is below a maximum threshold value beyond beyond which the introduction of the composition of vitrifiable materials into the charger would be made difficult.
• the fluid injection is automated, which offers the possibility of automatic control of the pressure within the sheath as a function of the measured physical value, and therefore of a continuous adaptation of the fluid. to the charging conditions, according to a control method described in this text.
• said injector is adapted to directly inject said fluid near the end of the sleeve to be arranged near the furnace.
• the injection of fluid near the furnace facilitates the rise in pressure at the end of the sleeve, and therefore to more easily limit the risk of gas / glass return.
• said charger comprises a plurality of injectors adapted to inject a fluid into said sheath.
• the increase in the number of injectors makes it possible to improve the distribution of the fluid injected into the composition to be baked.
• said at least one injector is inclined towards the end of the sheath intended to be arranged near the furnace.
• the injected fluid is more easily oriented toward the furnace.
• said injector is adapted to inject said fluid at a relative pressure of between 1 c 10 5 and 1 x 10 6 Pa, preferably between 1 c 10 5 and 5 x 10 5 Pa, preferably between 2 c 10 5 and 4 x 10 5 Pa.
• a pressure lower than 1 c 10 5 induces an increase in the risks of return of gas / glass from the oven.
• a pressure higher than 1 -C 10 6 therefore more difficult introduction of the composition of vitrifiable materials in the charging car.
• said fluid is adapted to allow said composition to remain outside its explosive range. Maintaining the composition outside its explosive range prevents it from igniting and potentially explodes.
• Such a control commonly called “inerting”, can in particular be carried out by injecting dinitrogen into the sheath.
• the invention also relates to a vitrifiable material melting installation comprising:
• a melting furnace for vitrifiable materials equipped with a charging orifice located on the side of the tank, preferably below the theoretical level of the liquid glass defined by the position of the spillway of the liquid glass, and
• One end of the sheath of the charger is open on the charging port, either by direct contact or via an intermediate connection piece.
• access to the oven is released at least occasionally, to allow the introduction of the composition of vitrifiable materials in the oven.
• the invention is particularly applicable to immersed feeders, given the greater pressure exerted by the liquid glass on the cap, this factor increasing the risk of gas / glass return.
• the invention further relates to the use of such an installation for melting vitrifiable materials.
• the invention also relates to a method of controlling such a charger, from at least one value of a physical variable impacted by the operation of the charger, said physical variable being preferably chosen from:
• the concentration of gas resulting from combustion within the sheath for example carbon dioxide and / or carbon monoxide.
• control method comprising at least the following steps:
• This threshold value may relate either to an operating anomaly of the charger that one would like to avoid (eg gas return) or on the contrary, to an optimal operating value thereof which one would like to approach (eg a optimum pressure value).
• said measured physical variable is the carbon monoxide concentration resulting from combustion within the sheath
• said threshold value is the maximum concentration of carbon monoxide and is equal to 20 PPM.
• the gas injection instruction is either transmitted to a human-machine interface for subsequent execution by an operator, or transmitted directly to the injector for automatic execution.
• said fluid is injected at a relative pressure of between 1 c 10 5 and 1 x 10 6 Pa, preferably between 1 c 10 5 and 5 x 10 5 Pa, preferably between 2 c 10 5 and 4 x 10 5 Pa.
• the invention further relates to a control system of such a charger, comprising a processing module adapted for:
• the invention also relates to a computer program downloadable from a communication network and / or recorded on a recording medium adapted to be read by a computer and / or executed by a processor, comprising a code of instructions to implement implement a control method such as that described above.
• the invention further relates to a computer recording medium on which such a computer program is recorded.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a vitrifiable material melting installation according to a particular embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating the successive steps of a method of controlling a loader according to a particular embodiment of the invention
• Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a control system of a charger according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• the invention relates to a glass batch melting installation 10 comprising:
• a melting furnace 3 for vitrifiable materials equipped with a charging orifice situated on the side of the tank, and
• a charger 1 according to the invention one end of the sheath 4 of the charger 1 being open on the charging port in order to introduce the vitrifiable materials.
• the charging orifice is situated below the theoretical level of the liquid glass defined by the position of the weir of the liquid glass. It is called submerged submerged type, to which the invention is particularly applicable, given the existing risk of gas / liquid glass return from the oven. According to an alternative embodiment, the charging can however be carried out above the theoretical level of liquid glass, along a side and / or oven gear 3.
• the invention also relates to a charger 1 comprising:
• a sheath 4 defining a charging direction X in the furnace 3 of a composition 2 of vitrifiable materials, A delivery member 6 of the composition 2 to the oven 3 in the charging direction X, this conveying member 6 being at least partially arranged in the sheath 4, and
• such a charger 1 comprises at least one injector 5 adapted to inject a fluid into the sheath 4.
• a charger 1 according to the invention overcomes the risk of gas return in the sleeve 4 while limiting the mechanical stresses of the routing member 6 and being adaptable to the variable conditions of implementation of the charging.
• the charger 1 comprises a sleeve 4 within which a worm 6 is housed.
• This worm 6 movable in rotation about the loading axis X thus acts as a delivery member of the composition 2 to the oven 3.
• the body of 6 may be in the form of a piston movable in translation in the direction of loading X, or any other type of routing member known from the state of the art. Whatever the nature of the routing member 6, the latter is driven in rotation / translation by a motorized unit 7 comprising one or more motors.
• a hopper on the sleeve 4 allows the introduction of the composition 2 of raw materials.
• the head of the charger 1 is in contact with an opening of the oven 3.
• the assembly formed by the sleeve 4, the routing member 6 and the drive motor 7 is secured to a frame 8.
• such a feeder 1 comprises at least one injector 5 adapted to inject a fluid into the sheath 4.
• an injector 5 is arranged at the end of the proximal sheath 4. of the oven 3.
• this injector 5 or any other complementary injector may be positioned on another portion of the sleeve 4 and / or on other components of the charger in fluid connection with the inside of the sheath 4.
• the injector 5 is supplied with fluid via a distribution network 5a.
• this injector 5 can be powered by any other known gas / liquid supply source, whether fixed or mobile.
• the direct and / or indirect injection of gas / liquid into the sleeve 4 thus makes it possible to increase the pressure within the sleeve 4 and to limit the risks or, where appropriate, to stop the return of gas / glass coming from the oven 3 .
• the injection of gas / liquid into the sheath 4 is controlled by means of a control system 20.
• An operator may thus be wholly or partly assisted for the injection of the fluid within the sheath.
• the injector 5 can be controlled manually, by direct action of an operator on an actuating valve of the injector 5.
• the charger 1 is equipped with a device 24 for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide, dioxygen, methane and / or monoxide. The presence of carbon monoxide, resulting from incomplete combustion, is particularly monitored.
• a charger 1 according to the invention is equipped with:
• a temperature sensor positioned within the sheath 4 at its most upstream end, which makes it possible to detect a possible return of liquid glass and / or a beginning of pyrolysis in the worm 6,
• sensor for measuring the pressure within the sleeve 4 which can take the form of a conventional pressure gauge or a pressure measuring probe.
• the device 24 for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide and / or carbon monoxide is coupled to a human-machine interface (not shown) adapted to communicate the measured values to a operator. The latter can then make the decision to modify or not the pressure within the sleeve 4, manually or with the assistance of a control system 20.
• the injection of gas / glass is automated, via a control system described in the present text, which offers the possibility of continuous adaptation of the charger 1 to the charging conditions, according to a control method described in this text.
• control system 20 of a charger 1 such as that described in this text.
• a control system 20 comprises a processor 21 acting as a processing module, a storage unit 22, an interface unit 23 and a measuring device 24, which are connected by a computer bus 25.
• the processor 21 controls the injector 5.
• the storage unit 22 stores at least one program to be executed by the processor 21, and various data, including the data collected by the measuring device 24, the parameters used by calculations carried out by the processor 21, or the intermediate data of the calculations made by the processor 21.
• the processor 21 may be formed by any known or appropriate hardware or software, or by a combination of hardware and software.
• the storage unit 22 may be formed by any suitable storage or means adapted to store the program and the data in a computer readable manner.
• the program causes the processor 21 to implement a control method such as that described in the present text.
• the interface unit 23 provides an interface between the control system 20 and an external device.
• the interface unit 23 may in particular be in communication with the external device via a cable or a wireless communication.
• the external apparatus may be the injector 5 and / or another component of the charger 1.
• values measured by the measuring device 24 may be inputted into the system 20 through the interface unit 23, then stored in the storage unit 22.
• processor 21 may comprise different modules and units implementing the functions performed by the control system 20. These functions can also be realized by a plurality of processors 21 communicating with each other.
• Figure 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the successive steps of a method of controlling a charger 1 according to a particular embodiment.
• step SI the measured concentration of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is compared with a threshold value set at 20 PPM, which corresponds in this case to a maximum concentration that one would not wish to exceed.
• step SI the measured concentration value
• step SI3 order is given (step S2) of injecting (step S3) a quantity of gas allowing the return of the concentration of dioxide and carbon monoxide below this threshold value.
• the control of the concentration of carbon monoxide is carried out continuously.
• this control method can be implemented on the basis of different types of measurements, different threshold values, and / or at different iteration frequencies.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=62017353

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 2017
  • 2017-11-30 FR FR1761400A patent/FR3074166B1/fr active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-11-29 EP EP18827202.5A patent/EP3717411A1/de active Pending
  • 2018-11-29 WO PCT/FR2018/053040 patent/WO2019106303A1/fr not_active Ceased

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