EP3722466A1 - Dispositif et procédé de filage des fibres - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de filage des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3722466A1
EP3722466A1 EP19167918.2A EP19167918A EP3722466A1 EP 3722466 A1 EP3722466 A1 EP 3722466A1 EP 19167918 A EP19167918 A EP 19167918A EP 3722466 A1 EP3722466 A1 EP 3722466A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
unit
actuators
reaction chamber
sieve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19167918.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3722466B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Frosch
Zenobia Frosch
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP19167918.2A priority Critical patent/EP3722466B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2020/059068 priority patent/WO2020207854A1/fr
Priority to CN202080002101.6A priority patent/CN112055760A/zh
Publication of EP3722466A1 publication Critical patent/EP3722466A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3722466B1 publication Critical patent/EP3722466B1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G5/00—Separating, e.g. sorting, fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • D01G99/005—Conditioning of textile fibre during treatment before spinning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for spinning fibers.
  • the fiber web is processed into individual rovings by means of warping and parallel laying, whereby a roving yarn is formed by slightly twisting the rovings.
  • a yarn is produced from the roving or roving by refining the roving or roving in drafting devices or drafting units into a finer roving according to the desired fineness of the yarn.
  • the fibers are exposed to mechanical loads.
  • Known spinning processes are dry spinning processes such as ring, rotor, winding processes and also air spinning, nozzle spinning and air jet processes. Friction spinning is also known.
  • the yarns are drawn, with the fibers in the yarns being exposed to high mechanical loads.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a device and a method for spinning fibers, by means of which yarns of high reproducible quality can be produced in an efficient manner.
  • the invention relates to a device for spinning fibers.
  • Coating means are used to provide individual fibers with a coating that generates an electric and / or magnetic field.
  • the coated fibers are exposed to a field of electrical and / or magnetic actuators.
  • the actuators are controlled by a computer unit and are designed to feed a subset of the fibers present in the reaction chamber with a length distribution predetermined by the computer unit to a sieve unit.
  • a compactor unit the fibers are drawn off the sieve unit and compacted into a sliver.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding method.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to provide a computer-controlled method for the production of slivers from individual fibers, in which fibers with precisely predeterminable lengths or length distributions are processed without mechanical stress to individual slivers or roving, variable depending on the desired yarn count, which then only have to be finished by twisting them into yarns.
  • the principle of the invention is based on providing individual fibers with an electrical and / or magnetic coating, whereby the different fibers are individually individualized. It is essential that fibers of different lengths also generate different electrical and / or magnetic fields.
  • the fibers coated in this way are influenced in a reaction chamber by means of electrical and / or magnetic actuators which can be controlled by a computer unit.
  • the actuators are arranged in the reaction chamber, in particular over the full area on at least one inside, in such a way that these fibers can be used to manipulate the entire interior of the reaction chamber.
  • the operation of the actuators is controlled in a time and location-dependent manner.
  • the operating parameters of the actuators can be specified via the computer unit in such a way that only fibers whose lengths are within a narrowly limited length distribution are selectively manipulated with them manipulated with the actuators only fibers with a desired length, but not fibers whose lengths are outside the length distribution.
  • the length-selective and quantitative manipulation of the fibers with the specified nominal length or lengths is carried out by a time and location-dependent control of the actuators in such a way that they are fed to a sieve unit within the reaction chamber. There these fibers are deposited and form a flat, coherent fiber structure. The fibers are drawn off from this sieve unit and fed to a compactor unit, where a sliver is formed from the fibers of the fabric by compacting.
  • Twisting the fuses shut Yarns can be made by means of a twist generator, by means of spindles or by means of suitable air turbulence.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is that, during the production of the slivers from the individual fibers in the reaction chamber, these fibers are not exposed to any mechanical loads that could lead to a deterioration in the fiber quality.
  • actuators are used to manipulate the fibers in a length-selective manner. This can be used to produce rovings that consist of fibers whose lengths match within specified tolerance limits.
  • the length distribution and number of fibers in the sliver can be precisely specified under computer control via suitable control of the actuators by the computer unit.
  • a reproducible, high yarn quality is thus obtained, the same parameters such as elongation, strength, hairiness or yarn fineness being reproducibly obtained over the entire length of the yarn.
  • the downstream manufacturing process of yarns from the slivers manufactured according to the invention is also simplified.
  • the fuses no longer have to be stretched.
  • ring or air-jet spinning machines are used to twist the slivers into yarns, a considerable simplification of the spinning process can be obtained in that only a feed or output cylinder with a top roller as a clamping point has to be provided for the slivers, so that after the Pinch point, there is no longer a spinning triangle with only inadequate fiber control.
  • the yarns according to the invention can be used to produce high-quality textile fabrics that can be designed in particular as technical textiles such as smart textiles.
  • a plasma is present in the reaction chamber.
  • Irradiation means which generate laser, UV or electron beams can be provided as actuators.
  • high-energy radiation can cause a discharge or charge reversal on particles in the plasma.
  • the actuators particularly advantageously include at least one adaptive plasma electrode.
  • the adaptive plasma electrode to which a corresponding counter electrode is assigned, has a matrix arrangement with a large number of electrode segments, which means that different field profiles of an electrical constant or low frequency field can be specified in a variable manner.
  • a vacuum is present in the reaction chamber.
  • the actuators are advantageously magnetic field actuators, piezo actuators or eddy current actuators.
  • actuators formed in this way spatially variable electrical and / or magnetic fields can also be generated, which can be used for a targeted manipulation and positioning of fibers with a predetermined length.
  • a prerequisite for a targeted manipulation of the fibers by the aforementioned actuators is that the fibers have an electrical and / or magnetic coating so that the fibers generate different electrical and / or magnetic fields depending on the fiber length.
  • the coating agents required for this can be arranged in the reaction chamber itself.
  • suitable coating materials can be introduced into the reaction chamber through nozzle systems and the like in order to coat fibers contained therein.
  • the coating means can also be located upstream of the reaction chamber, so that fibers that have already been coated are then fed to the reaction chamber.
  • reaction chamber can be preceded by a device for mixing previously separated and cleaned fibers, with the mixing being able to take place by means of compressed air or eddy current arrangements.
  • a sheet-like fiber structure is formed by the accumulation of fibers with the predetermined length distribution in the sieve unit.
  • the screen unit can be formed by a screen plate or a screen roller.
  • the flat fiber structure is fed from the sieve unit to the compacting unit, in which the sliver is produced by compacting the flat structure.
  • the coatings remain on the fibers because they are not disruptive.
  • the individual fibers of a fuse are held together by internal frictional forces.
  • tensile forces are exerted on the fibers present there by the compression unit, but these forces are dimensioned in such a way that they do not impair the quality of the fibers.
  • the tensile forces can be applied by suction or electromagnetic forces, the latter variant being particularly suitable for reaction chambers in which there is a vacuum.
  • sensor means are provided which are designed to detect and control fibers in the reaction chamber.
  • the sensor means can for example be formed by suitable optical sensors.
  • the roving process can be continuously monitored and controlled with the sensor means.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the device 1 has a reaction chamber 2 as a central component, which in the present case has a cuboid contour.
  • Fibers 4, which were separated and cleaned in a preceding process step, are fed to the reaction chamber 2 via a feed line 3.
  • a coating unit 5 which is located upstream of the reaction chamber 2 and is integrated into the feed line 3 and forms a coating agent, the fibers 4 are coated with an electrical or electromagnetic coating before they are introduced into the reaction chamber 2. Depending on the fiber length of the fibers 4, they thus generate different electrical or electromagnetic fields.
  • a unit (not shown) for mixing the fibers 4 can be assigned to the coating means, as a result of which the fibers can be mixed using compressed air or eddy current units.
  • a plasma is located inside the reaction chamber 2, an electrode 6 and a counter-electrode 7 being provided in a known manner to generate and maintain it, which are arranged on the insides of opposing walls of the reaction chamber 2.
  • the electrode 6 and The circuit arrangement (not shown) assigned to the counter electrode 7 is controlled by a central computer unit 8.
  • an irradiation source 9 with an upstream masking unit 10 is provided in the reaction chamber 2, which together form a spatially resolving irradiation unit.
  • This irradiation unit is located on the inside of a third wall of the reaction chamber 2, which is oriented perpendicular to the walls of the reaction chamber 2 with the electrode 6 or the counter electrode 7.
  • the irradiation unit is controlled by the computer unit 8 and can thus emit high-energy radiation into the reaction chamber 2 as a function of location.
  • the radiation can be designed as laser, UV or electron radiation.
  • This irradiation is selected such that fibers 4 with a predetermined length distribution are manipulated in a targeted manner in a length-selective manner, specifically in such a way that only the fibers 4 with this length distribution are fed to a target location which is formed by a sieve unit 11.
  • the manipulation of the fibers 4 by the irradiation unit takes place through a targeted discharge or reloading of the fibers 4.
  • the sieve unit 11 can be formed by a sieve plate or a sieve roller.
  • the fibers 4 collected on the sieve unit 11 form a flat fiber structure in the form of a fiber web.
  • This fiber web is fed to a compacting unit 12.
  • the fibers 4 of the fiber web are compressed to form a sliver 13, the fibers 4 of the sliver 13 being held together by frictional forces.
  • the coatings on the fibers do not have a disruptive effect.
  • Tensile forces are preferably exerted on the fibers 4 of the fiber web in order to pull them off from the sieve unit 11 and to feed them to the compression unit 12.
  • the tensile forces that are controlled by the computer unit 8 can be suction forces or electromagnetic forces.
  • the sliver 13 produced in the compressor unit 12 is discharged from the reaction chamber 2 via a discharge line 14.
  • Suitable sealing means can be provided both on the supply line 3 and on the discharge line 14 in order to encapsulate the interior of the reaction chamber 2.
  • the roving 13 is then processed further into a yarn by a twist generator, by spindles or by air turbulence by turning.
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b show a further embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • This device 1 differs from the device 1 according to FIG Figure 1 only with regard to the actuators.
  • an adaptive plasma electrode 15 is provided in the present case, to which a counter electrode 7 is assigned.
  • the adaptive plasma electrode 15 consists of a matrix-like arrangement of electrode segments 16 which form actuator elements and which are controlled by the computer unit 8.
  • fibers 4 can be manipulated length-selectively and fed to the sieve unit 11.
  • the actuator elements generate a suitable location and time-dependent field profile in the reaction chamber 2.
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b show a further embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • This device 1 differs from the devices of FIG Figures 1 and 2 in that there is a vacuum in the reaction chamber 2, which in the present case has a hollow cylindrical shape, which is generated with a vacuum generating unit 17.
  • the coating of the fibers 4 takes place in the reaction chamber 2 itself, for which purpose coating agents are introduced into the reaction chamber 2 via suitable nozzles 18.
  • the fibers 4 are coated with a suitable coating in such a way that they generate different electrical and / or magnetic fields depending on their length.
  • a cylindrical actuator arrangement 19 is provided, which extends along the inside of the lateral surface of the reaction chamber 2.
  • the actuator arrangement 19 is divided into a plurality of actuator segments 19a.
  • the actuators can form a magnetic field arrangement.
  • the actuator segments 19a can be formed by piezo actuators or eddy current actuators.
  • the actuator segments 19a are individually controlled by the computer unit 8, whereby fibers 4 with predetermined lengths are fed to the sieve unit 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP19167918.2A 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de filage des fibres Active EP3722466B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19167918.2A EP3722466B1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de filage des fibres
PCT/EP2020/059068 WO2020207854A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2020-03-31 Dispositif et procédé de filage de fibres
CN202080002101.6A CN112055760A (zh) 2019-04-08 2020-03-31 用于纺制纤丝的设备及方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19167918.2A EP3722466B1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de filage des fibres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3722466A1 true EP3722466A1 (fr) 2020-10-14
EP3722466B1 EP3722466B1 (fr) 2021-06-23

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Family Applications (1)

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EP19167918.2A Active EP3722466B1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de filage des fibres

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EP (1) EP3722466B1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468827A (en) * 1944-10-04 1949-05-03 American Viscose Corp Electrostatic control of fibers
FR1360992A (fr) * 1962-06-20 1964-05-15 Reclamation Trades Res Organis Perfectionnements à la séparation des mélanges de fibres textiles
DE1510533A1 (de) * 1964-07-03 1969-09-18 Battelle Development Corp Verfahren zum Spinnen von zerschnittenen,d.h. kurzen Textilfasern
EP1068633A1 (fr) 1998-04-02 2001-01-17 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. Procede et dispositif pour la manipulation et la sedimentation specifiques de particules
WO2016123384A1 (fr) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Systèmes et procédés pour électrostatiquement individualiser et aligner des fibres

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468827A (en) * 1944-10-04 1949-05-03 American Viscose Corp Electrostatic control of fibers
FR1360992A (fr) * 1962-06-20 1964-05-15 Reclamation Trades Res Organis Perfectionnements à la séparation des mélanges de fibres textiles
DE1510533A1 (de) * 1964-07-03 1969-09-18 Battelle Development Corp Verfahren zum Spinnen von zerschnittenen,d.h. kurzen Textilfasern
EP1068633A1 (fr) 1998-04-02 2001-01-17 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. Procede et dispositif pour la manipulation et la sedimentation specifiques de particules
WO2016123384A1 (fr) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Systèmes et procédés pour électrostatiquement individualiser et aligner des fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3722466B1 (fr) 2021-06-23

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