EP3728533A1 - Composition combustible liquide issue de la biomasse, utilisation d'une composition liquide issue de la biomasse comme combustible et procede de preparation - Google Patents
Composition combustible liquide issue de la biomasse, utilisation d'une composition liquide issue de la biomasse comme combustible et procede de preparationInfo
- Publication number
- EP3728533A1 EP3728533A1 EP18845436.7A EP18845436A EP3728533A1 EP 3728533 A1 EP3728533 A1 EP 3728533A1 EP 18845436 A EP18845436 A EP 18845436A EP 3728533 A1 EP3728533 A1 EP 3728533A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tall oil
- derived
- content
- composition according
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1885—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof resin acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1888—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof tall oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
- C11B13/005—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials of residues of the fabrication of wood-cellulose (in particular tall-oil)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1658—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/1802—Organic compounds containing oxygen natural products, e.g. waxes, extracts, fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
- C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L2200/0484—Vegetable or animal oils
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel composition derived from biomass, in particular liquid biomass, the use of a liquid composition comprising tall oil pitch as fuel and a method for preparing the fuel composition.
- Combustible combustion comprises tall oil pitch ("tall oil pitch”) as well as fluxing compounds.
- the fuel composition of the present invention is more particularly adapted for use in combustion plants consuming exclusively, alone or as a mixture, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gases, domestic fuel oil, coal, heavy fuel oil, biomass. It is not a fuel.
- the fuel composition of the present invention can be used in combustion plants classified under heading 2910 A (and a fortiori 2910 B and 2910 C) of the nomenclature of classified installations for the protection of the environment (ICPE nomenclature). defined in Decree No. 2013-814 of 1 September 2013, published in the Official Journal of the French Republic of September 13, 2013.
- the heavy fuel oil generally needs to be stored at a temperature of 50 ° C to make it pumpable and must be sprayed at a temperature between 85 and 130 ° C according to the technology of the burners, in connection with the viscosity of the product. These heating steps represent a significant energy consumption.
- the flash point of heavy fuel oil (typically between 70 and 120 ° C) close to its implementation temperature, may cause additional constraints in terms of safety (explosive atmospheres).
- fuel compositions based on heavy fuel oil and products made from biomass such as, for example, the fuel compositions prepared by the Applicant and described in documents WO2013 / 098524 and WO2014 / 102492.
- the fuel compositions described in US Pat. WO2013 / 098524 are a mixture of heavy fuel oil and tall oil or a neutralization oil (composition of acid acids neutralized with a base and then acidified), tall oil and neutralizing oil to stabilize the combustible composition.
- the compositions described in WO2014 / 102492 are mixtures of a neutralization paste and a heavy fuel of petroleum origin. These different fuel compositions are however not entirely derived from biomass.
- compositions composed of tall oil pitch and one or more light oil pine and / or turpentine type solvents.
- Such compositions are referred to as "pitch of diluted tall oil” or “pitch diluted” in the rest of the present application.
- the addition of solvent to the tall oil pitch is necessary to lower the viscosity of the pure tall oil pitch and thus make it manipulable for combustion (pumping, storage, circulation in the loops of preparation ). Nevertheless, the presence of solvent significantly increases the cost of the composition.
- Solid fuels based on tall oil pitch and containing rosin such as those described in document EP 0 542 616, are also known, but these solid fuels can not serve as fuel for the substitution of heavy fuel oil.
- the Applicant proposes a composition, in particular liquid, used as fuel.
- This composition can be substituted for a fuel oil, in particular for being burned in an industrial boiler or an industrial furnace in place of a fuel oil.
- the Applicant proposes, in particular, a combustible composition, in particular liquid, directly from biomass and can replace a fuel oil, in particular to be burned in an industrial boiler or an industrial furnace instead of a fuel oil.
- Direct from biomass means that it does not contain fossil fuel. This does not exclude the fact that this composition may contain other products, for example additives, not derived from biomass.
- a first subject of the invention thus relates to a fuel composition, in particular a liquid composition, comprising from 10 to 50% by weight of pitch of tall oil, and at least one compound derived from the treatment of wood, in particular of resinous wood, chosen from a compound derived from a terpene and a compound derived from rosin, here a rosin ester.
- Such a composition has the advantage of being derived solely from biomass: it does not include fossil fuel components.
- the tall oil pitch is the product recovered at the bottom of the column during the fractionation of the crude tall oil by distillation, the crude tall oil being a product resulting from the manufacture of paper by the Kraft process.
- Rosin ester is a rosin derivative which may also be derived from the distillation of tall oil of a softwood or that may come from the treatment of the gemstone or from strains of wood, especially of softwood.
- the terpenes used are derived from the treatment of wood, in particular softwoods, in particular from stationary petrol recovered during the Kraft process or from turpentine recovered by distillation of the gemstone.
- the composition also has the advantage of emitting low emissions during combustion, respecting high environmental constraints. Finally, its cost is low, the pitch of tall oil and derivatives of terpenes and / or rosin, which act as a fluxing agent, being co-products of wood treatment, including resinous, for example of the paper industry.
- the fuel composition comprises at least one compound derived from a terpene and at least one ester of rosin.
- the fuel composition according to the invention may comprise at least one of the following characteristics, preferably both:
- the fuel composition may comprise at least one other product originating from the manufacture of paper, in particular by the Kraft process, chosen from a product derived from the distillation of crude tall oil, such as, for example, distilled tall oil ( DTO) and a light fraction of tall oil.
- a product derived from the distillation of crude tall oil such as, for example, distilled tall oil ( DTO) and a light fraction of tall oil.
- DTO distilled tall oil
- the combustible composition may further comprise toluene in a content of less than or equal to 0.1% by weight.
- the toluene content, at most 0.1% m, is then non-zero.
- the combustible composition according to the invention may further comprise one or more additives, preferably chosen from:
- a combustion additive which has the effect of reducing dust emissions; these are usually additives containing metal salts (iron and / or calcium and / or cerium) solubilized in a matrix of fatty acids and hydrocarbons,
- additives having the effect of improving the stability; these additives generally contain dispersing agents solubilized in a matrix of fatty acids and hydrocarbons.
- the total content of additive (s) of the fuel composition may be from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 0.05% by weight.
- the combustible composition may have at least one of the following characteristics:
- a pour point less than or equal to -10 ° C, preferably less than or equal to -12 ° C,
- a flash point greater than or equal to 70 ° C, preferably greater than or equal to 80 ° C,
- a nitrogen content less than or equal to 0.08% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 0.04% by weight,
- a water content less than or equal to 0.5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 0.4% by weight.
- a kinematic viscosity in the various ranges mentioned above allows an implementation of the liquid fuel composition according to the invention at lower temperatures than a conventional heavy fuel oil. This implementation can be further facilitated when the liquid fuel composition has moreover a pour point in the various ranges mentioned.
- a liquid fuel composition according to the invention having a kinematic viscosity in the various ranges mentioned above may comprise one or more of the other features previously listed in the various possible combinations of mentioned ranges.
- the composition according to the invention used as a fuel, consists solely of compounds and products originating from the manufacture of paper, in particular by the Kraft process and / or compounds and products resulting from the treatment of wood, in particular resinous wood, and optionally one or more additives as described above.
- the papermaking products are as follows: tall oil pitch, terpene derivative compound (s), rosin ester (s) and at least one other product derived from the distillation of crude tall oil, especially selected from distilled tall oil and a light fraction of tall oil. These products are preferably derived from the processing of softwoods.
- the compound (s) derived from a terpene and ester (s) of rosin may also come from other wood treatments, including resinous, such as the treatment of gem and wood stumps.
- the invention also relates to the use of the composition previously described as a fuel.
- the fuel composition of the present invention is obtainable by the process of preparation described hereinafter.
- Another subject of the invention is a process for preparing a fuel composition, in particular a liquid composition, derived from biomass, comprising:
- the mixture of tall oil pitch with at least one compound derived from the treatment of wood in particular of resinous wood chosen from a compound derived from a terpene and a compound derived from rosin, here a rosin ester, the content of pitch of tall oil of the composition being from 10 to 50% by weight.
- the method further comprises, during the mixing step, the addition of at least one other product originating from the manufacture of the paper, in particular by the Kraft process, chosen from a product derived from the distillation of tall crude, such as for example distilled tall oil and a light fraction of tall oil.
- at least one other product originating from the manufacture of the paper in particular by the Kraft process, chosen from a product derived from the distillation of tall crude, such as for example distilled tall oil and a light fraction of tall oil.
- composition according to the invention relates to a method of combustion of a fuel composition in a combustion plant, in particular of type 2910A or 2910B or 2910C according to the ICPE nomenclature, in which the combustible composition is burned as fuel. invention or directly obtained by the preparation process according to the invention.
- the composition according to the invention can burn in compliance with regulatory constraints on the issue without requiring recourse to expensive smoke treatments.
- the Kraft process is a wood-processing process that isolates on one side the wood pulp useful for the paper industry and on the other a black liquor containing in particular crude tall oil.
- This tall oil soap is then acidified, for example with sulfuric acid, to produce crude tall oil.
- Crude tall oil consists mainly of resin acids, fatty acids and non-saponifiable compounds. Insufficient acidification can lead to a crude tall oil containing metal salts, usually sodium.
- This characteristic is related to the fact that tall oil mainly comprises hydrocarbon compounds functionalized with organic acids, essentially carboxylic acids, sometimes phenols.
- Tall oil also includes non-saponifiable sterols, fatty alcohols, and other alkylated hydrocarbon derivatives.
- the rest of the black liquor is reduced by evaporation.
- the gases recovered during this evaporation as well as those recovered during the heating of the wood in the white liquor contain the essences terpene.
- the crude gas recovered by condensation of these gases also called stationary essences or "Crade sulfate turpentine" (CST) in Anglosaxon terminology, essentially contain the following compounds: a-pinene, b-pinene, D 3 carene, myrcene, dipentene and possibly less frequent derivatives, such as camphene and others.
- CST Crade sulfate turpentine
- Tall oil otherwise known as tall oil, is a liquid by-product of the Kraft wood processing process. Tall oil is mainly obtained when using softwood (conifers) in the Kraft process. Products derived from the distillation of crude tall oil are generally used as bases in the chemical industry and for the manufacture of glues and adhesives.
- An average tall oil has an acid number (TAN: total acid number, in mg KOH per g product-ASTM D664A-17) of between 30 and 100, more usually between 50 and 80 (inclusive).
- TAN total acid number, in mg KOH per g product-ASTM D664A-17
- distilled tall oil (DTO), a mixture of fatty acids and resin acids,
- Tall oil pitch contains a small amount of fatty acids and resin acids and a significant amount of unsaponifiables.
- the terpenes and rosin from which the derived compounds are used in the present invention can be derived from the treatment of wood, in particular softwoods.
- softwood is meant a wood species secreting resin.
- This wood treatment can be a Kraft process as described above or a treatment of the gemstone obtained by tapping.
- terpenes and rosin may be derived from the distillation of crude tall oil (see above).
- Tapping is an operation that involves hurting the bark of a softwood to harvest the gem or resin. The gem then undergoes distillation to obtain:
- - turpentine (about 70% m), which usually contains a-pinene, b-pinene, sesquiterpenes and oxidizing products,
- Rosin can also be obtained by solvent extraction of wood stumps, especially softwood.
- tall oil pitch is a product of paper making by the Kraft process, especially from softwood. This is the residue from fractionation of crude tall oil obtained by Kraft softwood processing.
- the pitch content of tall oil of the composition according to the invention is from 10 to 50% m, advantageously from 10 to 40% m, preferably from 10 to 35% m.
- Tall oil pitch may contain esterified resin acids but in very small amounts, less than or equal to 1.9% m (B. Holmbom et al., "Composition of Tall Oil Pitch", Journal of the American Oil Chemist's Society, Vol. 55, 23 February 1978, pages 342-344).
- composition according to the invention may contain from 5 to 30% m of compound (s) derived from a terpene, advantageously from 10 to 30% m, preferably from 15 to 30% m. These different contents can be envisaged for each of the contents of pitch of tall oil previously mentioned.
- the terpenes considered are those resulting from the treatment of wood, especially softwood. These are the compounds present in the essences stationery, especially from wood processing by the Kraft process. They are contained in the gases recovered during the Kraft process mentioned above. It may also be the compounds present in the essence of turpentine obtained by distillation of the gem of a softwood.
- terpenes can thus be chosen from: ⁇ -pinene, b-pinene, D 3- carene, myrcene, dipentene, camphene or other monoterpenes.
- they are chosen from: ⁇ -pinene, b-pinene, D 3 carene.
- the terpenes derivatives may be derived from the isomerization and polymerization of the above-mentioned terpenes, in order to obtain terpenes and polyterpenes.
- the compounds derived from a terpene are chosen from terpenes and polyterpenes of formula (CsHsJ n where n is an integer from 2 to 12.
- the fuel composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of terpenes of formula (CsHsJ n with n integer from 2 to 12.
- this mixture may comprise (from 1 to 3%) 7% m of diterpenes, 85% of triterpenes and 0 to 4% of other terpenes.
- Terpenoids can be considered terpenes modified with methyl groups added or removed, or added oxygen atoms. Like terpenes, terpenoids can be classified according to their number (n) of isoprene units. In one embodiment, the terpene derivative compound (s) may be chosen from terpenoids, with a number n of isoprene units of 2 to 12, and the terpenes and polyterpenes previously described.
- Rosin derivative compound (s) rosin esters
- the rosin derivatives are esters of rosin.
- Rosin (or rosin, "rosin” in English) is a mixture comprising mainly organic acids called acids of rosin or resin acids which correspond to the empirical formula C20H30O2 (mainly abietic and pimaric type acids).
- the proportion of different resin acids in rosin varies according to the softwood species from which rosin was obtained.
- the rosin may contain from 85 to 95% of resin acids.
- rosin consists mainly of abietic acid, from 50% to 80% m, and to a lesser extent from dihydroabietic acid, from 5% to 30% m and pimaric acid, from 5% to 30% m.
- Rosin may also contain the following acids: isopromic acid, palustric acid, neoabietic acid.
- C20 abietic acid has a tendency to polymerize and can thus form C40, C60, ... polymers.
- Dihydroabietic acid is the hydrogenated form of abietic acid, and can no longer polymerize.
- Rosin can be recovered as a by-product of papermaking as a product of the distillation of crude tall oil from the Kraft process, especially in the processing of softwood (tall oil rosin). Rosin can also come from the distillation of gem (gem rosin) or the treatment of softwood stumps (wood rosin).
- the composition according to the invention may comprise a content of compound (s) derived from rosin of 5 to 30% m, advantageously from 5 to 25% m, preferably from 10 to 20% m, more preferably from 5 to 10% m.
- the rosin derivatives may be derived from the esterification of rosin acids. Esterification of rosin makes it soluble in organic solvents. This esterification can be carried out in the presence of alcohols such as glycerol, pentaerythritol, triethylene glycol and methanol.
- the rosin derivatives are chosen from a rosin ester of pentaerythritol and a glycerol rosin ester.
- composition according to the invention may especially comprise at least two rosin esters, each for example in a content of 1 to 10% m. These different contents can be envisaged for each of the contents of tall oil pitch, in combination with any of the above-mentioned terpene-derived compound contents.
- composition according to the invention may comprise from 10 to 30% of terpene derivative (s) and from 5 to 25% of rosin ester (s).
- composition according to the invention may comprise from 10 to 30% m of derivative (s) of terpenes and from 5 to 10% m ester (s) of rosin.
- This distillate corresponds to a cut resulting from the distillation of a crude tall oil, in particular resulting from the processing of softwood by the Kraft process.
- Tall oil distillate is a lighter cut than tall oil pitch and heavier than the fraction containing tall oil fatty acids.
- DTO is a complex mixture composed mainly (ie more than 70% m) of fatty acids, resin acids and a few percent (by mass) of unsaponifiables (high molecular weight alcohols, sterols).
- the fatty acid content can be 60-85% m, the resin acid content 14 to 37% m and the content of other compounds (unsaponifiables) from 1 to 3% m.
- fatty acids are mainly: oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid.
- a DTO may contain from 45% to 55% by mole of oleic acid, from 35 to 45% by weight of linoleic acid.
- resin acids are: abietic acid (from 50% m to 80% m), dihydroabietic acid (from 5% m to 30% m), pimaric acid (from 5% m to 30% m).
- DTO may also contain the following acids: isopimaric acid, palustric acid, neoabietic acid.
- composition according to the invention may comprise from 1 to 20% by weight of DTO, advantageously from 1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 10% to 10% by weight.
- This light fraction of tall oil corresponds to the head fractions of the distillation of a crude tall oil, in particular resulting from the conversion of softwood by the Kraft process. This light fraction generally corresponds to the volatile compounds.
- This fraction contains fatty acids (from 40 to 75% m), which are mainly: palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid.
- This fraction also contains a small portion of resin acids (0.1-1.5% m) and a relatively high percentage (25-60% m) of unsaponifiable low boiling compounds.
- composition according to the invention may comprise from 1 to 30% by weight of this light fraction, advantageously from 1 to 25% by weight, preferably from 10 to 20% by weight.
- these different contents can be envisaged for each of the possible combinations of contents of tall oil pitch, terpene-derived compounds, rosin ester (s) and DTO mentioned above.
- composition according to the invention is obtained by mixing the constituents described above, in the proportions described.
- the different constituents can be added one after the other, in no particular order, or together in one or more times.
- this step is carried out with stirring, for example mechanical and / or by recirculation.
- the components of the mixture may be heated prior to mixing.
- tall oil pitch can be heated to a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C, preferably 50 to 60 ° C.
- Table 1 summarizes some physicochemical characteristics of a sample of tall oil pitch.
- Tables 2 and 3 show the same physicochemical characteristics for the following products:
- Product C Sulfur oil (very low sulfur content), not additive.
- Product B comprises 70 to 80% m tall oil pitch and 20 to 30% m fluxant consisting of light pine oils and / or turpentine.
- Light pine oil can be defined as a light fraction recovered at the top of the column during the distillation of crude tall oil. Its flash point is between 40 and 70 ° C (limits included).
- Product A comprises:
- esters from 1 to 10% of pentaerythritol rosin esters. These esters have a low acidity (from 15 to 30 mgKOH / g) making it possible to counterbalance the acidity provided by the light fraction and the distilled tall oil which is richer in fatty acids than the pitch of tall oil,
- esters of glycerol rosin from 1 to 10% m esters of glycerol rosin: these esters have a good heat stability to improve the stability of the finished product, the fuel can be stored in a heated tank several months before use. In addition, they can promote the miscibility of terpenes in the tall oil pitch.
- DTO distilled tall oil
- Each product is burned separately in a 1 MW flue gas boiler, 1 unattended mechanical spray burner.
- the atmospheric emissions are continuously analyzed by means of analyzers placed in the flue gas outlet, at the outlet of the fireplace.
- Table 4 summarizes the combustion conditions of this test as well as the combustion efficiency and the measured emissions.
- the combustion of the composition according to the invention has a yield similar to that of heavy fuel oil (C) and slightly higher than diluted pitch (B).
- the spray temperature used for the composition according to the invention (A) is significantly reduced compared to the other products (B) and (C). It is also noted that the NOx and dust emissions of the composition according to the invention are lower than the emissions of the other products, a consequent decrease being observed for NOx. Table 4
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1762747A FR3075812B1 (fr) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | Composition combustible issue de la biomasse, utilisation d'une composition issue de la biomasse comme combustible et procede de preparation. |
| PCT/FR2018/053399 WO2019122707A1 (fr) | 2017-12-21 | 2018-12-19 | Composition combustible liquide issue de la biomasse, utilisation d'une composition liquide issue de la biomasse comme combustible et procede de preparation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3728533A1 true EP3728533A1 (fr) | 2020-10-28 |
Family
ID=61258478
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18845436.7A Withdrawn EP3728533A1 (fr) | 2017-12-21 | 2018-12-19 | Composition combustible liquide issue de la biomasse, utilisation d'une composition liquide issue de la biomasse comme combustible et procede de preparation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3728533A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3075812B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019122707A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2683545B1 (fr) * | 1991-11-12 | 1995-01-13 | Elf Antar France | Combustible destine a la lutte contre les gelees ou les brouillards. |
| US8580139B2 (en) * | 2008-08-02 | 2013-11-12 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Dedusting compositions and methods for making and using same |
| EP2798046A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-11-05 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Composition combustible comprenant un fioul lourd et un produit issu de la biomasse |
| FR3000498B1 (fr) | 2012-12-27 | 2015-03-13 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Composition combustible comprenant un fioul lourd et un produit issu de la biomasse. |
| FR3053048B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-08-23 | Total Marketing Services | Composition combustible issue de la biomasse et son procede de preparation. |
-
2017
- 2017-12-21 FR FR1762747A patent/FR3075812B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-12-19 EP EP18845436.7A patent/EP3728533A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-12-19 WO PCT/FR2018/053399 patent/WO2019122707A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019122707A1 (fr) | 2019-06-27 |
| FR3075812A1 (fr) | 2019-06-28 |
| FR3075812B1 (fr) | 2020-06-05 |
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