EP3733370A1 - Procédé de dosage d'une matière de base de construction liquide ou pâteuse - Google Patents

Procédé de dosage d'une matière de base de construction liquide ou pâteuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3733370A1
EP3733370A1 EP20162818.7A EP20162818A EP3733370A1 EP 3733370 A1 EP3733370 A1 EP 3733370A1 EP 20162818 A EP20162818 A EP 20162818A EP 3733370 A1 EP3733370 A1 EP 3733370A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building material
filling
hose
opening
pump device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20162818.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Gross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schindler GmbH
Original Assignee
Schindler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schindler GmbH filed Critical Schindler GmbH
Priority to EP20202949.2A priority Critical patent/EP3792026A1/fr
Publication of EP3733370A1 publication Critical patent/EP3733370A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/021—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles by fluid pressure acting directly on the material, e.g. using vacuum, air pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/0275—Feeding a slurry or a ceramic slip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
    • B28B17/0081—Process control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for metering a liquid or pasty building material, in particular a concrete mixture, and a device for metering a liquid or pasty building material, in particular a concrete mixture according to the respective preambles of claims 1 and 10.
  • Facing concrete is a first layer and / or layer that is filled into corresponding filling molds, with a back concrete and / or a second layer being applied to the facing concrete in a second step, so that, for example, only the Back concrete is visible to the user.
  • the respective cleaner of the device is gradually exposed to large flows of dirt (consisting of water and building material) during cleaning. In other words, such a cleaner was very dirty after cleaning such a device.
  • an object of the present invention to offer a method and a device for metering a liquid or pasty building material, in particular a concrete mixture, which in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner not only allows operation of the device and facilitates implementation of the method, but also improves maintainability and at the same time facilitates metering of the respective liquid or pasty building material.
  • the method for metering a liquid or pasty building material comprises a first step, after which a pump device is first provided and put into operation, which pumps the liquid or pasty building material out of a reservoir so that the building material inside and along at least a hose element connected to the reservoir the pump device is transported in the direction of a distributor element, in particular a distributor valve.
  • the pump device can be a concrete pump.
  • a reservoir can be a vessel that holds the concrete.
  • hose element means any tubular connection between the pump device and the distributor element.
  • the hose element can also be a static, permanently mounted pipeline.
  • the hose element can also be a plastic hose, in particular a rubber hose, which is flexibly equipped.
  • “Flexible” in this context means that the hose element is set up and provided for being bent without the hose element suffering structural damage, for example cracks.
  • the distributor element is used to open and at least partially close an opening in the hose element, from which the building material exits, depending on the operating mode, and the opening of the hose element is held in front of at least one filling mold into which the building material is dosed during a filling process becomes.
  • the hose element therefore has at least two openings.
  • a first opening is connected to the reservoir and to the pump device, into which the liquid or pasty building material is pumped by the pump device and thus pressed in, while the opening of the hose element described above (second opening) is the opening from which the liquid or pasty Building material emerges again.
  • the building material is returned to the reservoir by means of redistribution, without the pumping capacity of the pump device having to be reduced because of the closed distributor valve.
  • the "redistribution" can be a pipe and / or hose system.
  • the current state of the art offers the possibility under certain circumstances to establish a closed state by means of a corresponding distributor element in order to abort or interrupt a filling process, but in the state of the art the pump device must then at least be reduced in its pumping power, but usually completely switched off , since no building material can escape from the opening of the hose element. Switching off the pump therefore prevents backflow up to the reservoir, so that the hose element is also prevented from bursting.
  • One idea of the present application is therefore to use redistribution, provided the distributor element is at least partially closed, to return the building material at least partially, but preferably completely, back into the reservoir so that the pump performance of the pump device can be maintained without restriction, for example.
  • the distribution valve is opened, so that instead of using the redistribution, the building material again partially, preferably completely, exits the opening of the hose element.
  • the redistribution is therefore fluid-tight on the one hand, in particular with a further opening of the distributor element, and a second opening of the redistribution ends, for example, in the reservoir in order to be able to supply the building material to the reservoir again.
  • the distributor element described here is one which has a switch or a diversion element by means of which the building material can be directed back into the reservoir.
  • the two or more openings can then be controlled, for example, by means of such a diversion element.
  • the distributor element can be a distributor valve, the distributor valve thus being such a component which serves to shut off or control the flow of the building material.
  • the valve can be a shut-off valve (for example a plate, ball, cone or needle).
  • a valve with a rubber membrane such as a hose valve, pinch valve is also possible.
  • the method for dosing a liquid or pasty building base material comprises a first step, after which a pump device is first provided and put into operation, which pumps the liquid or pasty building base material out of a reservoir so that the building base material within and is transported along at least one hose element connected to the reservoir of the pump device in the direction of a distributor element, in particular a distributor valve, with the distributor valve opening or at least partially closing the opening of the hose element from which the building material then emerges, depending on the operating mode, and further, the opening of the hose element being held during a filling process via at least one filling mold into which the building material is metered.
  • the building material can be returned to the reservoir by means of redistribution, without a pump output of a pump device having to be reduced because of the closed distributor element.
  • the pumping power of the pumping device preferably remains constant in the closed state of the distributor element.
  • the pump output decreases during an at least partial, in particular during a completely closed state of the distributor element, by not less than 10%, preferably not less than 20%, of a continuous pump output of the pump device.
  • the "continuous pumping power” can be a pumping power with which the building material is poured into the filling molds as part of a metering operation.
  • the building material can be facing and / or back concrete.
  • Facing concrete is the top layer of a two-layer concrete element, for example a paving stone.
  • This facing layer is resistant to wear, abrasion, frost and oil.
  • the facing layer can also be ferro-blasted.
  • Back concrete is a layer under the facing concrete, which guarantees the concrete element a static load capacity.
  • the filling form and / or the doser and / or the distribution element is at least partially or completely produced with one of the following 3D printing technologies in question:
  • FFF Fused Filament Fabrication
  • FLM Fused Layer Modeling
  • the process refers to the application of layers (extrusion) of a material through a hot nozzle.
  • the consumable material is in the form of a long wire (so-called filament) on a roll and is pushed by the conveyor unit into a print head, melted there and placed on a print bed.
  • the print head and / or print bed can be moved in 3 directions. In this way, layers of plastic can be applied to one another in stages.
  • a thin layer of powder is always applied to the printing bed by the coating unit.
  • the laser or another energy source
  • the laser is now aimed precisely at individual points of the powder layer in order to form the first layer of the print data.
  • the powder is melted or melted and then solidifies again by cooling it slightly.
  • the unmelted powder remains around the sintered areas and serves as a support material.
  • the print bed lowers by a fraction of a millimeter.
  • the coating unit now moves over the print bed and applies the next layer of powder.
  • the second layer of the print data is sintered by the laser (or other energy source). This creates a three-dimensional object in layers.
  • the 3DP process works very similarly to selective laser sintering, but instead of a directed energy source, a print head moves over the powder. This releases tiny droplets of binding agent onto the underlying powder layers, which are thus bonded together. Otherwise this procedure is the same as the SLS procedure.
  • liquid resins are used in the stereolithography process. They are hardened in layers by UV radiation and thus create three-dimensional objects. To do this, the construction platform in the Harz Basin is gradually lowered.
  • the so-called Polyjet process without a whole basin with liquid resin. For this, an epoxy resin is applied drop by drop from a nozzle and cured immediately by a UV laser.
  • LOM Laminated Object Manufacturing
  • a separating tool e.g. a knife or carbon dioxide laser
  • a film or plate e.g. paper
  • the filling mold is made from the material PA6 (a hard plastic).
  • the filling mold can also have at least one coating made of a further and in particular a different material.
  • a material can be considered which ensures that the building base material can be particularly easily removed from the filling mold again after or before hardening. Such a material can therefore form and / or assume the function of a Teflon layer.
  • a further component is added to the plastic in order to promote crosslinking.
  • This further component is advantageously added in a resign.
  • This further component is advantageously a crosslinking booster.
  • the plastic materials PA or PBT can preferably be crosslinked.
  • the degree of crosslinking can be used to verify crosslinking.
  • This gel fraction is determined based on DIN 16892/120 by boiling for several hours in a suitable solvent (e.g. formic acid). It is determined gravimetrically how high the mass of the crosslinked material is in relation to the total mass. A soldering iron test according to the PTS specifications is also common for practical quick tests.
  • the gel fraction or the degree of crosslinking is advantageously above 10%, preferably above 30%, and particularly preferably above 50%.
  • a first operating mode is an open position of the distributor valve so that the building material is transported into the filling mold
  • a second operating mode of the distributor element is a closed position which at least partially closes the opening
  • the distributor element can be opened and closed manually and / or mechanically, for example via an automatic closure. It is conceivable that a control unit uses a corresponding sensor system to determine whether the opening is positioned above the filling mold according to the correspondingly preset operating conditions and the distributor valve is only opened manually or fully automatically and then closed again after it has been correctly positioned.
  • a plurality of filling forms are filled at least partially by an operator and / or by an operating device, preferably one after the other.
  • Microx-shaped in this context means an arrangement of the filling forms in a plane perpendicular to a filling direction (preferably in the direction parallel to the direction of gravity) in the form of rows and columns, so that the filling forms are preferably arranged equidistantly from one another along these lines and columns.
  • the filling shapes are filling shapes of the same or different volume.
  • the filling form or filling forms are filled semi-automatically or fully automatically by means of an operating device, so that the filling forms are moved one after the other and thus filled one after the other.
  • the operating device can comprise or be the aforementioned control unit.
  • the operating device is a filling robot which fills the filling mold or molds fully automatically.
  • the filling robot can therefore be a fully automatically operated robot which, once switched on and operated and / or regulated by the above-mentioned control unit, carries out a filling process from start to finish without further assistance. It is conceivable that the filling process is only ended after the last filling form to be filled has ended and the filling robot then returns to a rest position.
  • the pump device has at least two, for example four or more, hose elements, this or this hose element (s) being picked up by an arm of the operating device before filling, with such a hose element or one above each filling form before filling
  • This filling form associated hose element is positioned and then simultaneously or successively different filling forms are filled and thus moved.
  • the majority of the hoses can therefore be connected in parallel to one another, which can mean that each of the openings of the hoses, from which the building material emerges again, is for example held at the same time over filling forms arranged in each case over the openings.
  • a robot arm of the operating device grips the majority of the hoses at once in the area of the openings, thus in the area of their ends.
  • the ends of the tubes are attached to a common bracket.
  • the robot arm fixes all ends of the hose elements simultaneously over the corresponding filling molds, so that these corresponding filling molds can be filled at the same time with one filling process.
  • not only two or four filling forms can be filled at the same time, but also any more filling forms can be filled in one filling process.
  • the opening of the hose or the respective openings of the hose elements are at least temporarily fixed during the filling process and thus remain immobile, while a further filling form, which is at least partially still unfilled, is moved under the opening (s) by means of a control unit after each completed filling process .
  • control unit described here can be the control unit already described above, or it can be a further control unit.
  • the filling molds are moved.
  • Such a movement of the filling forms, but also a movement of the hose element itself, can take place in the form of a revolver-like rotation.
  • the pump device has a screw conveyor, or is one that transports the building material along a screw transport path and transports the building material into the hose element, in particular presses it into it, preferably transports it and presses it in, with the building material being extracted from the by means of a pump pressure thus generated Orifice with the expression pressure greater than zero exits.
  • a screw conveyor is based on the functional principle of an Archimedean screw, for example the screw conveyor lying in a trough, usually motor-driven, transports the building material over several meters.
  • the pump device is a hydraulically, electrically or pneumatically operated pump, with the building material exiting the opening with an outlet pressure greater than zero by means of a pump pressure generated in this way, preferably alone.
  • the screw conveyor mentioned above can also be combined with a further pump device which is operated hydraulically, electrically or pneumatically.
  • the building material can first be pumped out of the reservoir by means of a hydraulically, electrically, pneumatically operated pump and then, before the building material reaches the hose element, the building material can be transported on to the hose element in a screw conveyor.
  • the present invention relates to a device for metering a liquid or pasty building material, in particular a concrete mixture, all of the features disclosed for the method described above being disclosed for the device described here and vice versa.
  • the device described here comprises at least one pump device which pumps the liquid or pasty building base material out of a reservoir so that the building base material within and along at least one hose element connected to the reservoir of the pump device in the direction of a distribution element, in particular a distribution valve, of the device is transported, wherein an opening of the tube element can be opened or at least partially closed by the distributor element depending on the operating mode, and further wherein the opening of the tube element can be held during a filling process via at least one filling mold into which the building material can be metered.
  • a distribution element in particular a distribution valve
  • the device has at least one redistribution, so that, during a closed state of the distributor element, the building material can be returned to the reservoir via the redistribution by means of the distributor element is without a pumping power of the pump device having to be reduced because of the closed distributor element.
  • the redistribution can be a hose and / or pipeline system.
  • the Figure 1 shows a side view of a filling process by the device described here, wherein the Figure 2 a top view of the in Figure 1 device shown and in the Figure 1 shows the procedure shown.
  • FIG. 1 a device 1000 according to the invention and a method 100 according to the invention are shown on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device 1000 comprises a pump device 1, which pumps the liquid or pasty building material out of a reservoir 2, so that the building material within and along at least one hose element 3 connected to the reservoir 2 of the pump device 1 in the direction of a distributor element 4, in particular the Distribution valve 4 that transports device 1000.
  • the pump device 1 initially comprises a screw conveyor 11 which transports the building material along a screw transport path 11A and transports the building material into the hose element 3 and, preferably alone, by means of a pump pressure generated in this way, the building material exits the opening 31 with an outlet pressure greater than zero.
  • the hose element is connected to the screw conveyor 11 in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the device 1000 comprises an opening 31 of the hose element 3 which, depending on the operating mode, can be opened or at least partially closed by the distributor element 4 and wherein furthermore the opening 31 of the hose element 3 can be retained during the filling process via at least one filling mold 5 into which the building material is metered.
  • the hose element 3 is interrupted by the distributor element 4.
  • the hose element 3 is therefore formed with a first part 3A, a second part 3B and a third part 3C, whereby in other embodiments, among other things, the part 3B can be dispensed with.
  • Part 3A can be a first hose element, in particular within the meaning of the invention, and part 3B can be a further hose element, which connects a dosator 9 to the distributor element 4 in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the dosator 9 can be a filler neck. However, it is also conceivable that the dosator 9 itself has a valve which must also be opened so that the building material can exit from the opening 31.
  • the device 1000 described here has an operating device 6 which is shown in the form of a filling robot 61.
  • the filling robot 61 can be a purely mechanical device or a device operated electrically, pneumatically or in some other way.
  • a holding arm 61A of the filling robot 61 therefore grips the opening 31 of the hose element 3 and holds it during the filling over the filling mold 5, the respective filling in the present exemplary embodiment being fully automatic so that the opening 31 of the hose element 3 of the robot 61 occurs one after the other is held over selected filling forms 5 in particular over each of the filling forms 5.
  • the filling molds 5 themselves are positioned one after the other under the opening 31 of the hose element 3, which is then fixed relative to the device 1000.
  • the filling robot 61 is controlled by a control unit 7, which moves the opening 31 of the hose element 3 or the filling molds 5 in each case, in order to complete the filling process to be able to make.
  • the control unit 7 also actuates, that is to say controls / or regulates, an opening and closing state of the distribution element 4.
  • a particularly advantageous feature here is the redistribution 41 (see in particular also Figure 2 ), which is positioned in such a way that during a closed state of the distributor element 4 the building material can be returned to the reservoir 2 via the redistribution 41 by means of the distributor element 4 without the pumping capacity of the pump device 1 having to be reduced because of the closed distributor element 4.
  • the redistribution 41 is mounted at a connection point 41A on the distribution element 4.
  • the distributor element 4 there is a changeover switch by means of which the corresponding building material can then be returned to the reservoir 2 in the closed state instead of through the opening 31 of the hose element 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
EP20162818.7A 2019-05-03 2020-03-12 Procédé de dosage d'une matière de base de construction liquide ou pâteuse Withdrawn EP3733370A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20202949.2A EP3792026A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-03-12 Procédé de dosage d'un matériau de construction liquide ou pâteux

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019111432.2A DE102019111432A1 (de) 2019-05-03 2019-05-03 Verfahren zum Dosieren eines flüssigen oder pastösen Baugrundstoffes

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20202949.2A Division EP3792026A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-03-12 Procédé de dosage d'un matériau de construction liquide ou pâteux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3733370A1 true EP3733370A1 (fr) 2020-11-04

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EP20162818.7A Withdrawn EP3733370A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-03-12 Procédé de dosage d'une matière de base de construction liquide ou pâteuse
EP20202949.2A Withdrawn EP3792026A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-03-12 Procédé de dosage d'un matériau de construction liquide ou pâteux

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EP20202949.2A Withdrawn EP3792026A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-03-12 Procédé de dosage d'un matériau de construction liquide ou pâteux

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4477374A1 (fr) * 2023-06-13 2024-12-18 Saint-Gobain Weber France Système d'impression 3d avec dérivation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4000836B1 (fr) 2020-11-19 2024-02-07 Schindler GmbH Dispositif, agencement et procédé de fabrication de panneaux à partir de matière de base de construction liquide ou pâteuse
DE202023102044U1 (de) 2023-04-20 2023-06-07 Schindler GmbH Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Betonelementen aus Baugrundstoff und Einrichtung zur Förderung eines Baugrundstoffs

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5340512A (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-23 Thomas & Betts Corporation Polymer concrete electrical insulator and method and apparatus for making
US20120251688A1 (en) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-04 Stratasys, Inc. Additive manufacturing system and method for printing customized chocolate confections
EP2574438A1 (fr) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-03 Excluton B.V. Elément de revêtement et procédé pour sa fabrication
CN108943325A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-12-07 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 一种流量可控的建筑增材制造打印系统

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT310419B (de) * 1971-03-05 1973-09-25 Karl Bohdalek Sprühgerät für zementgebundene Baumaterialien od.dgl.
DE2218418A1 (de) * 1972-04-17 1973-10-31 Wilhelm Fleissner Misch- und spritzvorrichtung fuer plastisches und koerniges gut
DE3327415C2 (de) * 1983-07-13 1986-04-30 Rheiner Maschinenfabrik Windhoff Ag, 4440 Rheine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Feuchtmörtels oder feuchten Bindemittels bei der Herstellung vorgefertigter Mauersteintafeln

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5340512A (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-23 Thomas & Betts Corporation Polymer concrete electrical insulator and method and apparatus for making
US20120251688A1 (en) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-04 Stratasys, Inc. Additive manufacturing system and method for printing customized chocolate confections
EP2574438A1 (fr) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-03 Excluton B.V. Elément de revêtement et procédé pour sa fabrication
CN108943325A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-12-07 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 一种流量可控的建筑增材制造打印系统

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4477374A1 (fr) * 2023-06-13 2024-12-18 Saint-Gobain Weber France Système d'impression 3d avec dérivation
FR3149823A1 (fr) * 2023-06-13 2024-12-20 Saint-Gobain Weber France système d’impression 3D avec dérivation

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Publication number Publication date
DE102019111432A1 (de) 2020-11-05
EP3792026A1 (fr) 2021-03-17

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